Protection device, energy storage protection device, protection system, method for producing a protection system, method for producing a motor vehicle, and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a protection device (100) for arrangement on an impact-sensitive element (102), for example a battery element (106), the protection device (100) comprising a wall element (108) and an adapter element (116) arranged on the wall element (108).

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of protection devices for arrangement at battery elements, in particular for the drive of motor vehicles. Background Art

[0002] In electrically driven motor vehicles, battery cells are usually arranged in battery cell modules, and the battery device is composed of battery cell modules. The battery device includes a plurality of battery cell modules. Each battery cell module in turn includes a plurality of battery cells. The battery device is usually installed in a battery housing in the bottom of the motor vehicle.

[0003] Herein, the battery cell module includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, a cell contact system, a module housing, a cooling system, a BMS module unit of a battery management system (BMS), and wiring. The BMS is responsible for the monitoring and control of the entire battery device. At the module level, the BMS module unit ensures so-called "balancing", which means the charge balance of the cells of the module.

[0004] Previously, it was preferred to use battery cell modules because they offered advantages mainly in terms of configuration and assembly. Thus, the number of modules can vary, and this ensures simple scalability. When assembling larger or smaller battery devices from battery cell modules, essentially no change to the basic structure of the battery device is required.

[0005] In order to increase the energy density and thus the driving range of motor vehicles, the current trend is to no longer install battery cells in the form of battery cell modules, but rather to directly integrate the battery cells into a (single) battery cell pack and have it received in a battery cell housing. When the battery cells are directly integrated into the battery cell pack without first combining the battery cells into battery cell modules and then combining the battery cell modules into a housing to form a battery cell device, this is called the so-called "Cell-to-Pack" technology (CTP).

[0006] It can be understood that the feature of the CTP technology of integrating battery cells into the battery cell pack makes many passive materials that do not directly participate in energy storage, such as module housings, redundant. Thereby, the structural space within the battery device can be better utilized, and thus ultimately a higher volumetric and / or gravimetric energy density and driving range are achieved.

[0007] In addition, the current trend is to directly integrate battery cells into the chassis of motor vehicles. Here, not only the commonly used battery cell modules should be omitted, but also the battery housing that is still provided in the Cell-to-Pack technology should be omitted. The technology of directly integrating battery cells into the chassis is summarized under the concept of "Cell-to-Chassis" (CTC). The term chassis refers to the load-bearing component of a motor vehicle. It is also referred to as a running gear, frame, or underframe. The CTC technology offers the advantage that other passive materials that do not directly participate in energy storage can be omitted, and thus the energy density can be further increased.

[0008] The CTP technology and the CTC technology pose special challenges for protecting battery cells from mechanical damage, which may be caused, for example, by gravel, foreign objects thrown or rolled over, or by an accident. Because in these technologies, the module housing is largely omitted and even the battery housing may be omitted if necessary.

[0009] The CTP or CTC configuration omits the lateral supports that are commonly provided in the housing in favor of wider battery cells. This may result in, for example, a lack of attachment points or support elements for the underride protection device that can be used to protect the battery cells from the impact of gravel. This may then result in a very large free bending length for the underride protection device. The large free bending length may be compensated for by the embodiment of the underride protection device, for example, by an increased wall thickness or by a reinforcing material with a higher modulus of elasticity, such as carbon fiber reinforced, or by more deformation installation space. This is undesirable because an increased wall thickness leads to a higher mass, while the material for the underride protection device with a higher modulus of elasticity, such as carbon fiber reinforced, is accompanied by increased costs. The increased deformation installation space is also undesirable because more installation space must be provided for the deformation of the underride protection device, which in turn reduces the available installation space for the battery cells. This applies not only to the underride protection device, but also similarly to other protection devices for protecting battery cells. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a motor vehicle, a protection system provided for a motor vehicle, and a protection device provided for a motor vehicle, by means of which the driving range of the motor vehicle can be further increased with as little manufacturing cost as possible.

[0011] This object is achieved by a protection device according to the present invention according to the following technical solutions related thereto.

[0012] It relates to a protection device for being arranged at an impact-sensitive element.

[0013] The impact-sensitive element is, for example, a battery element.

[0014] The battery element can be a battery cell, a battery cell module, a battery cell group or a battery device.

[0015] The battery device can include a plurality of battery cell modules. Each battery cell module can include a plurality of battery cells.

[0016] Preferably, the battery element can be a battery cell group of the battery device. The battery cell group can advantageously include at least 10%, in particular at least 15%, preferably at least 20%, further preferably at least 25%, very particularly preferably at least 35%, extremely preferably at least 50% of the battery cells that are arranged in a motor vehicle for driving. Advantageously, the battery cells included in the battery cell group are not divided into different battery cell modules. Preferably, the battery cells included in the battery cell group are not divided into different housings, such as module housings.

[0017] Preferably, it can relate to a protection device for being arranged at the battery cell group.

[0018] Preferably, it can relate to a protection device for being arranged at the battery cell.

[0019] The battery cell can be a round cell, a prismatic cell or a pouch cell.

[0020] If it relates to a protection device for being arranged at the battery cell, the battery cell can preferably be a round cell or a prismatic cell. This can be advantageous because the force from the adapter element acting on the battery element does not cause deformation of the battery element. Round cells and prismatic cells are well known to be stable, while the pouch of a pouch cell can be deformed due to the force from the adapter element.

[0021] The protection device includes a wall element.

[0022] Each wall element capable of withstanding the mechanical load that should protect the impact-sensitive element from the influence of the mechanical load is suitable as the wall element. When the protection device is an anti-drilling and crashing protection device, the mechanical load can be, for example, the load that usually occurs in the case of gravel in road traffic.

[0023] The wall element can be, for example, a plastic wall element or a metal wall element. The plastic wall element includes a plastic wall. The metal wall element includes a metal wall.

[0024] The plastic wall element can be a fiber-reinforced plastic wall element. At least a part of the fibers can be integrated into the plastic wall. At least a part of the fibers can be arranged at the surface of the plastic wall. At least a part of the fibers can be, for example, glass fibers, carbon fibers or polymer fibers.

[0025] The protection device includes an adaptation element arranged at the wall element.

[0026] The adaptation element can be arranged at the wall element indirectly or directly. The adaptation element arranged directly at the wall element can be arranged at or attached to the wall element via an intermediate element, for example an intermediate layer.

[0027] The adaptation element can preferably be compressed from an initial dimension to a target dimension. This can in particular be done by squeezing the surface of the battery element when assembling the protection device onto the adaptation element and compressing the adaptation element in this way, such that the adaptation element is compressed when the protection device is arranged at the battery element.

[0028] Preferably, the adaptation element can include an adaptation material. The adaptation material can be, for example, a layered adaptation material.

[0029] The adaptation element can be made of the adaptation material.

[0030] The adaptation material can be arranged at the wall element indirectly or directly.

[0031] The adaptation material can have notches. For example, the notches can extend from the surface of the adaptation material facing away from the wall element into the adaptation material.

[0032] Here, the notches can extend into the surface of the adaptation material facing away from the wall element such that the adaptation material has recesses that do not lead through the adaptation material. Alternatively, the notches can extend from the surface of the adaptation material facing away from the wall element through the adaptation material.

[0033] A part of the notches can extend into the surface of the adaptation material facing away from the wall element such that the adaptation material has recesses that do not lead through the adaptation material. Another part of the notches can extend from the surface of the adaptation material facing away from the wall element through the adaptation material.

[0034] Preferably, at least a part of the notches can be surrounded by the adaptation material all around.

[0035] The layered adaptation material can be an open-layered adaptation material or a closed-layered adaptation material. For example, the open-layered adaptation material can have a lattice structure or a honeycomb structure.

[0036] The open-layered adaptation material is characterized in that the notches extend through the adaptation material, for example up to the surface of the wall element. The closed-layered adaptation material does not have notches that extend through the adaptation material.

[0037] Preferably, the adaptation material can be a foam material or a non-woven material. For example, the adaptation material can be a foam material.

[0038] Preferably, the layered adaptation material can be a foam material or a non-woven material. For example, the layered adaptation material can be a foam material.

[0039] The foam material can be a plastic foam material. Preferably, the plastic of the plastic foam material can at least comprise polyolefin, polyamide and / or polyimide.

[0040] Preferably, the polyolefin can be polypropylene (PP).

[0041] Preferably, the polyamide can be PA6 or PA6.6, for example PA6. As is well known, PA6 represents polycaprolactam. As is well known, PA6.6 represents a polymer composed of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, which respectively contain chains composed of 6 carbon atoms.

[0042] Preferably, the polyimide can be polymethacrylimide (PMI).

[0043] Other suitable plastic foam materials are known to those skilled in the art.

[0044] Preferably, the adaptation material, such as the layered adaptation material, can be a pre-adaptation material.

[0045] For example, the pre-adaptation material can be a foam pre-material.

[0046] Preferably, the foam pre-material is a foamable material. The foamable material can be physically or chemically foamable.

[0047] Preferably, the foam pre-material can be transformed into the compressible adaptation material described herein through foaming. Suitable physically or chemically foamable materials are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] The adaptation element can include a thermally modifiable adaptation material. The thermally modifiable adaptation material can be a material that can be transformed into a soft state by heating.

[0049] This can be particularly advantageous because the thermally modifiable adaptation material is modified to the desired size when the protection device is placed at the impact-sensitive element, and adapts to the calibrated size of the adaptation element after cooling. The calibrated size is determined by the placement of the protection device at the impact-sensitive element.

[0050] As described herein, the adaptation material can have a notch. This also applies to thermally deformable adaptation materials. This can be particularly advantageous because, during the modification, at the moment of assembling the protection device at the impact-sensitive element, the notch in the thermally deformable adaptation material can be partially filled with adaptation material.

[0051] For example, the adaptation element can include an adaptation element strip extending along the wall element, which includes a thermally deformable adaptation material.

[0052] For example, the adaptation element strip can be an adaptation element rib.

[0053] The adaptation element strip or the adaptation element rib can extend along the notch of the adaptation material. The adaptation element strip or the adaptation element rib can form part of a honeycomb structure or a lattice structure of the adaptation element.

[0054] Particularly preferably, the adaptation element includes an adaptation material and a covering, wherein the adaptation material is arranged between the wall element and the covering.

[0055] The covering is preferably flexible. The covering can include a film, such as a plastic film, and / or a non-woven semifinished product, in particular a plastic non-woven semifinished product. The covering can preferably be a film, such as a plastic film, and / or a non-woven semifinished product, in particular a plastic non-woven semifinished product.

[0056] The covering can in particular be made of the same material as the adaptation material. It can be made completely or partially of the same material as the adaptation material. It can be particularly advantageous if it is made completely of the same material as the adaptation material.

[0057] This can enable or facilitate a material-fit connection between the covering and the adaptation material and thus ultimately reduce the manufacturing costs. Additionally, the recyclability can be improved thereby, because the covering does not need to be separated from the adaptation material or only needs to be partially separated from the adaptation material.

[0058] The covering can have the particular advantage that, in the case of repairs, the protection device can be removed together with the entire adaptation element including the covering, and thus access can be gained to the battery element that can be protected by the protection device.

[0059] In the absence of a covering, when the protection device is assembled at an impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element, the adaptation element may be connected to the surface of the impact-sensitive element, which makes it difficult or even impossible to carry out repairs at the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element. This connection can particularly occur when the adaptation element includes a soft thermally deformable adaptation material or in the case of the foaming described.

[0060] The covering can be implemented as continuous in the form of a surface or have at least one opening.

[0061] Preferably, the covering part may have an attachment opening, and the adaptation material defines an attachment area in the attachment opening, wherein the adaptation material is preferably a foam precursor material or a heat - modifiable adaptation material.

[0062] When the covering part has an attachment opening and the adaptation material defines an attachment area in the attachment opening, a material - fitting or form - fitting connection to a component of a motor vehicle can thus be produced, and this connection reaches the attachment area.

[0063] Preferably, the covering part can adhere to the adaptation material.

[0064] It may preferably be that the adaptation element is a spring element. Preferably, the spring element can be a profiled spring element.

[0065] The profiled spring element can preferably be made of a steel plate or a steel strip, for example, made of a spring steel plate or a spring steel strip.

[0066] Preferably, the spring element can be a bent leaf - spring element.

[0067] The leaf - spring element can be bent in the connection area, and two diverging extension areas extend from this connection area.

[0068] The length measured along the main extension direction of the leaf - spring element can be greater than the width of the leaf - spring element measured from the extension area along the connection area to the other extension area.

[0069] Preferably, at least two, especially at least three, for example at least four extension areas extend parallel to each other from one or more connection areas.

[0070] The extension areas extending parallel to each other can be spaced apart from each other by notches, preferably by groove - shaped notches.

[0071] The statement that the extension areas extend parallel to each other means that the extension areas form an angle of at most 30°, especially at most 20°, for example at least 15° with respect to each other.

[0072] A plurality of extension areas extending parallel to each other can jointly define a support surface, and the shock - sensitive element can be positioned at this support surface in a spaced - apart manner from the wall element.

[0073] For example, the support area of the shock - sensitive element can be located on the support surface.

[0074] It may preferably be that at least one extension area of the leaf - spring element extends into the support area. Preferably, an elastic bridging area can be provided between the connection area and the support area. The shock - sensitive element can preferably be located at the bridging area. It may be particularly preferred that the support area of the shock - sensitive element is located at the bridging area.

[0075] Particularly preferably, the protective device may include other adapter elements arranged at the wall element, where the impact-sensitive element can be positioned at the adapter element in a spaced-apart manner from the wall element.

[0076] The other adapter elements may be other spring elements, preferably other shaped spring elements, such as other bent leaf spring elements. Preferably, at least two bearing regions of the impact-sensitive element can be positioned at the adapter element.

[0077] Particularly preferably, the main extension directions of at least two adapter elements arranged at the wall element extend in a parallel manner relative to each other. When the main extension directions form an angle of preferably at most 30°, particularly preferably at most 20°, and very particularly preferably at most 15° relative to each other, the main extension directions extend in a parallel manner relative to each other.

[0078] Advantageously, a receiving space may be defined at the wall element between the adapter elements, such as leaf spring elements, where when the bearing region of the impact-sensitive element is located on the adapter element, such as a leaf spring unit, the receiving region of the impact-sensitive element that protrudes beyond the bearing region of the impact-sensitive element can extend into the receiving space.

[0079] The protective device may be an energy storage protection device for a motor vehicle. The protective device may in particular be an anti-drill-through protection device for a motor vehicle. The energy storage protection device or the anti-drill-through protection device may include or be constituted by the protective device described herein.

[0080] Particularly preferably, the energy storage protection device or the anti-drill-through protection device includes a bottom section and a wall section.

[0081] The wall section and the bottom section may be sections of the wall element.

[0082] The wall element may transition from the bottom section to the wall section at a bottom-wall transition.

[0083] At least a part of the wall section can extend in an inclined manner relative to at least a part of the bottom section.

[0084] This can be particularly advantageous because the wall section of the protective device can protect the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element, from the influence of mechanical loads acting from a first direction (e.g., from the front or side), and the bottom section can protect the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element, from the influence of mechanical loads acting from a second direction (e.g., from below).

[0085] Preferably, at least one of the adaptation elements described herein is arranged at the bottom section. Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the adaptation elements described herein may preferably be arranged at the wall section described herein.

[0086] It is possible that the adaptation elements described herein are arranged at the wall section and at the bottom section and extend over the bottom-wall transition from the wall section to the bottom section.

[0087] This object is also achieved by a protection system according to the invention according to the following technical solutions related thereto.

[0088] For example, the protection system may be an anti-drill impact protection system.

[0089] The protection system includes the impact-sensitive element that has already been described in connection with the protection device.

[0090] The protection system includes a protection device. The protection device is arranged at the impact-sensitive element.

[0091] Preferably, the impact-sensitive element may be arranged at the adaptation element and is arranged in a spaced-apart manner from the wall element here. Here, the wall element can be moved closer to the impact-sensitive element such that the adaptation element is compressed, pre-tensioned and / or reshaped.

[0092] The adaptation element can preferably be compressed, pre-tensioned and reshaped, or have only two of these properties or have only one of these properties.

[0093] The adaptation element can in particular be compressed when the adaptation material comprised by the adaptation element is, for example, a foam material.

[0094] The adaptation element can in particular be pre-tensioned when the adaptation element is a spring element.

[0095] The adaptation element can in particular be reshaped when the adaptation element includes a heat-reshapable adaptation material.

[0096] The adaptation surface of the adaptation element can advantageously extend along the surface of the impact-sensitive element.

[0097] The adaptation surface of the adaptation element can preferably extend along the surface profile of the impact-sensitive element.

[0098] Different impact-sensitive elements, such as different battery elements, have different surface profiles. When the battery element is a battery cell or a battery cell group, the surface profile can be characterized by an electrical conductor via which current is supplied to the battery element or via which current can be drawn from the battery element.

[0099] When the mating surface of the mating element extends along the surface contour of the impact-sensitive element, this may enable or facilitate that the impact-sensitive element at the surface of the mating element is substantially no longer displaced. The fixing of the impact-sensitive element in the desired position can be achieved at least in part by a protective device, such as an anti-drill-through protection device. So far, this effect has been achieved by additional components, which can now be omitted at least in part.

[0100] The protective device can preferably be arranged at the impact-sensitive element such that the mating thickness that the mating element has in the mating area is different from the thickness of the mating element in the area adjacent to the mating area. Preferably, the mating thickness in the mating area is lower than the thickness in the adjacent area. This also helps to fix the position of the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element, and to achieve the advantages described in connection with the mating surface.

[0101] The mating surface of the mating element can preferably include a positioning and fixing area. The positioning and fixing area can extend around the edge of the impact-sensitive element. When the positioning and fixing area extends around the edge of the impact-sensitive element, this also helps to fix the position of the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element, whereby the advantages described in connection with the mating surface can also be achieved.

[0102] It can be particularly advantageous if the surface of the cover described herein is arranged at the impact-sensitive element.

[0103] Thereby, in particular, the advantages already described in other parts of this document can be obtained in the case of repairs.

[0104] Advantageously, there can be an offset between the surface area of the mating element arranged at the edge of the impact-sensitive element and the adjacent surface area of the mating element spaced apart from the impact-sensitive element. In particular, the surface area of the mating element arranged at the edge of the impact-sensitive element can be offset towards the wall element relative to the adjacent surface area of the mating element spaced apart from the impact-sensitive element. This also helps to fix the position of the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element, by means of the protective device, whereby the advantages described in connection with the mating surface can be achieved.

[0105] This object is also achieved by a method according to the invention for manufacturing a protection system according to the following technical solutions related thereto.

[0106] The method can be a method for manufacturing an anti-drill-through protection system.

[0107] In this method, a protective device is provided, wherein the protective device includes a wall element and a mating element arranged at the wall element.

[0108] Bring the protective device into contact with the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element. The battery element has been described in more detail in connection with the protective device. The explanations made there can of course also be applied in connection with the method according to the invention.

[0109] Here, the wall element is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element such that the adaptation element is compressed, pre-tensioned and / or reshaped. Alternatively, when the adaptation element comprises an adaptation precursor material, such as a foam precursor material, the wall element is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element and the thickness of the adaptation precursor material is increased to such an extent that the adaptation element comes into contact with the impact-sensitive element. For example, the thickness of the adaptation precursor material is increased to such an extent that the adaptation element comes into contact with the impact-sensitive element by foaming of the foam precursor material.

[0110] Preferably, the adaptation element comprises an adaptation material, wherein the adaptation material is a compressible or thermally reshaping adaptation material, and wherein the wall element is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element such that the adaptation element is compressed, pre-tensioned and / or reshaped.

[0111] The adaptation material can be, for example, a layered adaptation material. The compressible adaptation material can preferably be a foam material or a nonwoven material, such as a foam material.

[0112] The adaptation element and the adaptation material have been described in detail in connection with the protective device herein. The explanations made there can of course also be applied in connection with the method according to the invention.

[0113] Preferably, the adaptation element can comprise a foam precursor material, the wall element can be moved closer to the impact-sensitive element, and the thickness of the foam precursor material can be increased by foaming of the foam precursor material to such an extent that the adaptation element comes into contact with the impact-sensitive element.

[0114] Preferably, in the method, an adaptation surface of the adaptation element is produced along the surface of the impact-sensitive element. For this purpose, the wall element can be moved closer to the impact-sensitive element such that the adaptation surface of the adaptation element adapts to the surface of the impact-sensitive element. Alternatively, the thickness of the adaptation precursor material can be increased to such an extent that the adaptation surface of the adaptation element adapts to the surface of the impact-sensitive element.

[0115] Here, the wall element can be moved closer to the impact-sensitive element and / or the thickness of the adaptation precursor material can be increased to the following extent

[0116] until the adaptation surface of the adaptation element extends along the surface profile of the impact-sensitive element; and / or

[0117] until the protection device is arranged at the impact-sensitive element such that the adaptation element has an adaptation thickness in the adaptation zone that is different from the thickness in the zone of the adaptation element adjacent to the adaptation zone, where the adaptation thickness in the adaptation zone is preferably less than the thickness in the adjacent zone; and / or

[0118] until the adaptation surface of the adaptation element includes a positioning and securing zone, where the positioning and securing zone extends around the edge of the impact-sensitive element.

[0119] Preferably, the surface of the impact-sensitive element facing the protection device is at least partially covered by a covering.

[0120] The covering is preferably flexible. The covering is, for example, a film and / or a nonwoven semifinished product, in particular a plastic nonwoven semifinished product.

[0121] It can be advantageous if the adaptation element includes an adaptation material and a covering, where the adaptation material is arranged between the wall element and the covering, and the impact-sensitive element is moved closer until it reaches the covering, or the covering is moved closer until it reaches the impact-sensitive element.

[0122] Especially when the adaptation material is an adaptation precursor material, such as a foam precursor material, the covering can be moved closer to the impact-sensitive element by increasing the thickness of the adaptation precursor material.

[0123] Preferably, the covering can have attachment openings, and the adaptation material defines an attachment zone in the attachment openings, where the adaptation material is preferably a foam precursor material or a thermally modifiable adaptation material.

[0124] It can be preferred that the impact-sensitive element and the attachment zone do not come into contact with each other. In the case of maintenance, this can have the advantage that the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element, is not attached to the adaptation material of the protection device via the attachment zone. Thus, the protection device can be removed without having to disconnect the (undesired) connection to the impact-sensitive element, such as a battery element.

[0125] Preferably, the adaptation element can be a spring element, especially a shaped spring element, such as a bent leaf spring element, and a support zone can be arranged at the impact-sensitive element, where the wall element is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element such that the support zone lies on the spring element, and the spring element is compressed, pre-tensioned, and / or modified between the support zone and the wall element.

[0126] Additionally, soft components can be arranged, especially sprayed, on the adaptation element, especially the spring element. The soft components can contain, for example, TTE and / or thermoplastic elastomer and / or elastomer. It can be used for the protection of the impact-sensitive area located thereon, such as the protection of the impact-sensitive element.

[0127] The support area can return an offset at the impact-sensitive element. This can in particular mean that the surface of the impact-sensitive element facing the wall element is closer to the wall element than the support area located on the spring element.

[0128] When the support area is located on the spring element, the surface of the impact-sensitive element facing the wall element is preferably spaced apart from the wall element. Preferably, a buffer zone is provided between the surface of the impact-sensitive element facing the wall element and the wall element. This can enable elastic deformation of the wall element in the case of mechanical loads, such as gravel, so that the impact-sensitive element can be protected from the influence of mechanical loads by the wall element and the buffer zone.

[0129] The spring element has been described in more detail in connection with the protection device. The explanations made there can of course also be correspondingly applicable in connection with the method according to the invention.

[0130] This object is also achieved by a method according to the invention for manufacturing a motor vehicle according to the following technical solutions related thereto.

[0131] The method for manufacturing a motor vehicle can in particular include a method according to the invention for manufacturing a protection system.

[0132] Particularly preferably, the surface of the impact-sensitive element facing the protection device can be at least partially covered by a covering.

[0133] The adaptation element can include an adaptation material and a covering, wherein the adaptation material is arranged between the wall element and the covering, and the impact-sensitive element is moved closer until it reaches the covering or the covering is moved closer until it reaches the impact-sensitive element. The covering can have an attachment opening, and the adaptation material defines an attachment area in the attachment opening. Preferably, the impact-sensitive element and the attachment area do not contact each other.

[0134] In the method for manufacturing a motor vehicle, the adaptation material can preferably contact a motor vehicle component, such as a load-bearing motor vehicle component, through the attachment area, and the protection device can be held at the motor vehicle component via the connection of the adaptation material to the motor vehicle component.

[0135] This object is also achieved by a motor vehicle according to the invention according to the following technical solutions related thereto.

[0136] The motor vehicle can preferably include the protection device described herein, the energy storage protection device described herein, and / or the protection system described herein. The protection system can preferably be a protection system obtained according to the method for manufacturing a protection system described herein. The motor vehicle can preferably be a motor vehicle obtained according to the method for manufacturing a motor vehicle described herein.

[0137] Preferably, the motor vehicle includes the protection device described herein, wherein the impact-sensitive element is a battery element, and wherein the battery element is a battery cell group or a battery cell.

[0138] The battery element is preferably arranged in the chassis of the motor vehicle.

[0139] In the case of a motor vehicle and a method for manufacturing a motor vehicle, the impact-sensitive element may preferably be a battery element as described herein, such as a battery cell group as described herein or a battery cell as described herein. The battery element, such as a battery cell group as described herein or a battery cell as described herein, may preferably be arranged in the chassis.

[0140] The battery element, such as a battery cell group as described herein or a battery cell as described herein, is preferably not surrounded by a battery housing in the chassis. This can be particularly advantageous because the wall element and the adapter element can then cooperate at least in part to perform the function of the battery housing.

[0141] Of course, the features described in connection with one subject matter of the present invention may also form the features of another subject matter of the present invention described herein. The subject matters of the present invention are in particular the protection device, the energy storage protection device, such as an anti-drill-through protection device, the protection system, such as an anti-drill-through protection system, the method for manufacturing a protection system, the method for manufacturing a motor vehicle, and the motor vehicle. Description of the Drawings

[0142] Other preferred features and / or advantages of the present invention are the subject matter of the drawings of the embodiments and the following description.

[0143] In the drawings:

[0144] Figure 1 A cross-section of a schematically illustrated protection device is shown;

[0145] Figure 2 A cross-section of a schematically illustrated protection system is shown;

[0146] Figure 3 A cross-section of a schematically illustrated protection system under mechanical load is shown;

[0147] Figure 4 A cross-section of a schematically illustrated protection device with an adapted precursor material is shown;

[0148] Figure 5 A cross-section of a part of a motor vehicle with a protection system is schematically shown;

[0149] Figure 6 Shows Figure 2An enlarged section;

[0150] Figure 7 Shows a cross-section of a schematically shown protective device having a thermally modifiable adaptation material;

[0151] Figure 8 Shows a cross-section of a schematically shown protection system;

[0152] Figure 9 Shows a cross-section of another schematically shown protection system;

[0153] Figure 10 Shows a cross-section of an anti-drill collision protection system;

[0154] Figure 11 Shows a battery suspension element having a battery element in a schematic cross-sectional view;

[0155] Figure 12 Shows an anti-drill collision protection device in a schematic cross-sectional view;

[0156] Figure 13 Shows a cross-section of a protection system;

[0157] Figure 14 Shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection system having a spring element;

[0158] Figure 15 Shows a shaped spring element that can be used as an adaptation element in a perspective view;

[0159] Figure 16 Shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection device having a thermally modifiable adaptation element; and

[0160] Figure 17 Shows a protection system having a thermally modified adaptation element.

[0161] Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all the figures. Detailed Description

[0162] Figure 1 Shows a protection device 100 for mounting at an impact-sensitive element 102. The impact-sensitive element is an energy storage element 104. The energy storage element 104 relates to a battery element 106.

[0163] The protection device 100 includes a wall element 108. The wall element 108 can serve as a guard plate 110 to protect the impact-sensitive element 102 from the influence of a collision body 112, such as a stone 114 or a curb edge.

[0164] The protection device comprises an adaptation element 116 arranged at the wall element 108. The adaptation element 116 comprises a layered adaptation material 118. The layered adaptation material 118 is a foam material 120.

[0165] The adaptation element 116 further comprises a covering 122. The covering 122 is a film 124. The film 124 relates to a plastic film 126. The plastic film 126 is a top layer 128 which has been applied to the surface of the adaptation material 118 facing away from the wall element 108. The top layer 128 forms a top layer 130 there.

[0166] In Figure 1 as in the following Figures 2 to 9 the impact-sensitive element 102 is only schematically shown as a rectangle. This is a significant simplification. Generally, the impact-sensitive element 102 can relate to a battery element 106. The battery element 106 can be very small and, for example, comprise or be only one battery cell. Alternatively, the battery element can comprise a plurality of battery cells and, for example, can be a battery cell group 132 comprising more than 100 battery cells. All these possibilities should be covered in Figures 1 to 8 the schematic rectangular illustration of the battery element in

[0167] The protection device 100 can, for example, be an anti-drill-through protection device 134. In Figures 10 to 17 a specific design of the anti-drill-through protection device 134 is shown.

[0168] In particular, from Figures 2 to 9 the following embodiments it can be seen particularly clearly that the protection device 100 can be understood as a positioning device 136 or a receiving device 138.

[0169] In Figure 1 it is also shown that the adaptation element 116 comprising the adaptation material 118 and the covering 122 has an initial dimension 140.

[0170] The wall element 108 serves as an adaptation element carrier 142. The wall element 108 forms a reinforcement layer 144 or a reinforcement level 146.

[0171] Figure 2 It is also shown Figure 1 the protection device 100 and the impact-sensitive element 102 in Figure 2 The protection device 100 is arranged at the impact-sensitive element 102. In Figure 2 the protection system 148 is also shown. Since the impact-sensitive element 102 is a battery element 106, a battery protection system 150 is involved here.

[0172] Figure 2It is shown that the impact-sensitive element 102 is arranged at the adapter element 116. The impact-sensitive element 102 is arranged here in a spaced-apart manner from the wall element 108. The wall element 108 is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element 102 such that the adapter element 116 is compressed, pre-tensioned, and modified.

[0173] The protection device 100 is arranged at the impact-sensitive element 102 such that the adapter element 116 has an adaptation thickness 154 in the adaptation region 152, which is different from the thickness 156 of the adapter element 116 in the region 158 adjacent to the adaptation region 152. The adaptation thickness 154 of the adaptation region 152 is smaller than the thickness 156 in the region 158. In the example shown here, the adaptation surface 160 of the adapter element 116 includes a positioning and securing region 162. The positioning and securing region 162 extends around the edge 164 of the impact-sensitive element 102.

[0174] There is an offset 166 between the surface region 168 of the adapter element arranged at the edge of the impact-sensitive element and the adjacent surface region 170 of the adapter element 116 spaced apart from the impact-sensitive element.

[0175] The cover 122 has a surface 172 facing away from the wall element 108. The impact-sensitive element has a surface 174 facing the wall element 108.

[0176] In Figure 2 the height 176 of the impact-sensitive element 102 is also shown. The height 176 is measured in a direction orthogonal to the main extension direction of the wall element 108.

[0177] Figure 3 An impact acting on the protection device 100 is shown. It is a schematic view. In particular, the degree to which the wall element 108 is bent due to the impact is exaggeratedly shown. Due to the impact of the stone 114, the adaptation material 118 in the adaptation region 152 is further compressed. The adaptation region 152 also serves here additionally as an impact absorption region 178. It forms a buffer zone 180, which can also be understood as a reinforcement zone 182. In this zone, the force acting substantially pointwise by the stone 114 is distributed over a larger area. Therefore, the adaptation material 118 also serves here as an impact force distribution material 184. Thus, the layered adaptation material can also serve as an impact force distribution layer 186, which protects the impact-sensitive element 102 from damage caused by the impacting stone 114. Of course, the wall element 108 also serves here as a protective plate, so that the desired protective effect is achieved jointly by the wall element 108 and the adaptation material 118.

[0178] Figure 4 The protection device 100 and the impact-sensitive element 102 are also shown.

[0179] Figure 4The adaptation element 116 shown includes an adaptation material 118. The adaptation material 118 is an adaptation precursor material 188. The adaptation precursor material 188 is a foam precursor material 190, which can be converted into a foam material 120 by foaming.

[0180] By foaming the foam precursor material 190, the impact-sensitive element 102 can be partially received by the protection device 100 at its edge 164. Thus, the protection device 100 also relates to a receiving device 138.

[0181] Figure 5 A section of a motor vehicle 192 is schematically shown. A section of a protection system 148 included in the motor vehicle 192 is shown. The protection system 148 includes a protection device 100 and an impact-sensitive element 102.

[0182] The impact-sensitive element 102 is a battery element 106.

[0183] The motor vehicle 192 is a motor vehicle 192 that is at least partially electrically driven, wherein at least a part of the electrical energy for driving the motor vehicle 192 is provided by the battery element 106.

[0184] The motor vehicle 192 includes a carrier 194, and the carrier 194 includes an attachment element 196. In the example shown here, the attachment element 196 is a rib 198.

[0185] The protection device 100 includes a wall element 108 and an adaptation element 116. The adaptation element 116 includes an adaptation material 118 and a covering 122.

[0186] The covering 122 has an attachment opening 200. The adaptation material 118 is a foam material 120 obtained by foaming the foam precursor material 190. The adaptation material 118 defines an attachment area 202 in the attachment opening 200.

[0187] The adaptation material 118 contacts the attachment element 196 through the attachment area 202, and this attachment element relates to a load-bearing motor vehicle component. Thus, the protection device 100 is held at the load-bearing motor vehicle component via the connection of the adaptation material 118 to the attachment element 196.

[0188] Figure 5 It is also shown that the wall element 108 has a supply opening 204. A supply area 206 extends through the supply opening 204. During the manufacture Figure 5 of the protection device shown, the foam precursor material 190 is introduced between the covering 122 and the wall element 108 through the supply opening 204 via the supply area 206 before foaming.

[0189] Figure 6 Shown isFigure 2 An enlarged section. In the shown cross-section, the run of the covering at the edge 164 in the region of the adaptation surface 160 is approximately represented by a straight line 208. This straight line forms an angle alpha with a straight line 210 extending parallel to the wall element 108.

[0190] Figure 7 The protective device 100 and the impact-sensitive element 102 are shown.

[0191] The protective device 100 includes a wall element 108 and an adaptation element 116. The adaptation element 116 includes a thermally modifiable adaptation material 118. The thermally modifiable adaptation material 118 is a thermoplastic material 212. The adaptation element 116 is an adaptation rib 214.

[0192] For manufacturing the protection system 148, the thermally modifiable adaptation material 118 can be preheated to such an extent that it is modified when the impact-sensitive element hits the surface of the thermally modifiable adaptation material 118. This is as Figure 8 shown.

[0193] Figure 8 The protection system 148 is shown, which includes a wall element 108 and an adaptation element 116. The adaptation element 116 includes the thermally modifiable adaptation material 118 already described. Figure 7 The adaptation thickness 154 in the adaptation region 152 is smaller than the thickness 156 in the adjacent region 158 because the impact-sensitive element 102 modifies the adaptation rib.

[0194] Here, the adaptation surface 160 of the adaptation element 116 further includes a positioning and securing region 162, where the positioning and securing region 162 extends around the edge 164 of the impact-sensitive element 102. There is an offset 166 between the surface region 168 of the adaptation element 116 arranged at the edge 164 of the impact-sensitive element 102 and the adjacent surface region 170 of the adaptation element 116 spaced apart from the impact-sensitive element 102.

[0195] As previously mentioned, the construction of the battery element 106 can be very different and, for example, shows only one battery cell or multiple battery cells combined into a battery cell group 132. From this, very different surface profiles 216 existing at the surface 174 can be obtained.

[0196] The surface profile 216 of the battery element 106 is schematically shown.

[0197] Figure 9 The surface profile 216 of the battery element 106 is schematically shown. Figure 9It is clearly shown that the adapter surface 160 of the adapter element 116 extends along the surface 174 of the impact sensitive element 102, ie the battery element 106. The adapter surface 160 of the adapter element 116 extends along the surface contour 216 of the impact sensitive element 102, ie the battery element 106.

[0198] Figures 10 to 17 A specific possible embodiment of a protection device 100 in the form of an underrun protection device 134 is shown.

[0199] Figure 10 An underrun protection device 134 is shown. The underrun protection device 134 comprises a wall element 108. It also comprises an adaption material 118.

[0200] Figure 10 Also shown is a shock-sensitive element 102. The shock-sensitive element 102 is an energy storage element 104. This is a battery element 106, which in the example shown here is designed as a battery cell pack 132, wherein the battery cell pack is only shown schematically. The protection device 100 together with the shock-sensitive element 102 forms a protection system 148. The underrun protection device 134 together with the battery cell pack 132 forms an underrun protection system 218.

[0201] Figure 11 A battery cell group 132 arranged in a battery suspension element 220 is shown. A cover 122 is also shown. The cover 122 is a film 124 in the form of a plastic film 126 , which can serve as a top layer 128 or top layer 130 .

[0202] Figure 12 Shown in Figure 10 1 and 2. The underrun protection device 134 is shown in the installed state. The adapter material 118 is a foam material 120. Figure 12 The foam material 120 in the battery cell group 132 has not yet been compressed. In addition, the foam material 120 only occupies a portion of the surface that it would occupy after being compressed by the battery cell group 132. Figure 12 The arrows pointing to the left and right in the middle indicate that the pressure exerted by the battery cell pack 132 and acting from above causes the foam material 120 to spread on the wall element 108 .

[0203] In the Figure 11 The battery cell group 132 shown is introduced Figure 12 In the illustrated underrun protection device 134 , the cover 122 is introduced between the battery cell pack 132 and the foam material 120 . Figure 11 The possibility of firstly arranging the cover 122 on the battery cell group 132 is shown. Figure 12Shows the possibility of arranging the cover 122 on the foam material 120 of the anti-drill-through protection device 134. The foam material can be injected between the cover 122 and the wall element 108 through a supply opening (not shown here), which can, for example, lead through the wall element 108.

[0204] Figure 13 Shows other anti-drill-through protection systems 218, which are manufactured using the anti-drill-through protection device 134. The battery cell pack 132 introduced into the anti-drill-through protection device 134 is arranged at the battery suspension element 220. The anti-drill-through protection device 134 includes the wall element 108. The anti-drill-through protection device also includes an adaptation element. Figure 13 Shows the adaptation material 118 included in the adaptation element. The adaptation material 118 relates to the foam material 120. The adaptation element also includes the cover 122. The cover 122 is arranged between the battery cell pack 132 and the foam material 120.

[0205] Figure 14 Shows a section of another anti-drill-through protection device 134, which relates to other specific design solutions of the protection device 100. The protection device 100 includes the wall element 108. The wall element 108 includes a bottom section 222, a wall section 224, and an attachment edge section 226. The bottom section 222 transitions into the wall section 224 at a bottom-wall transition 228. The wall section transitions into the attachment edge section 226 at an attachment edge-wall transition 230.

[0206] The wall section extends in a manner inclined with respect to the bottom section 222 and the attachment edge section 226. The bottom section 222 extends in a manner offset with respect to the attachment edge section 226, where the bottom section 222 and the attachment edge section 226 are oriented substantially parallel to each other.

[0207] The anti-drill-through protection device 134 includes an adaptation element 116 arranged at the wall element 108. The adaptation element 116 is a shaped spring element 232.

[0208] In the example shown here, the impact-sensitive element 102 is also the battery cell pack 132. A support area 234 is constructed at the impact-sensitive element 102. The impact-sensitive element 102, i.e., the battery cell pack 132, is positioned at the shaped spring element 232 spaced apart from the wall element 108. This can be seen at the cavity 236 forming the buffer zone 180.

[0209] The battery cell pack 132 and the anti-drill-through protection device 134 together form the anti-drill-through protection system 218.

[0210] Figure 15 Shows being provided at Figure 14The possibilities of the design of the profiled spring element 232 in the anti-drilling and anti-collision protection system 218. Figure 15 Two different profiled spring elements 232 are shown. Figure 15 The profiled spring element shown on the left includes a first extension region 238 and a second extension region 240. The two extension regions 238 and 240 extend in the same direction starting from the connection region 242. The extension region 238 extends in a manner spaced apart from the extension region 240. When the extension regions 238 and 240 move towards each other, a restoring force that causes the two extension regions to diverge is established, thereby achieving the desired elastic effect.

[0211] In Figure 15 In the profiled spring element 232 shown on the right, the extension region 240 is longer than the extension region 238. The extension region 240 extends into the support region 244. In the extension region 240, the profiled spring element 232 is bent to such an extent that when the two extension regions 238 and 240 move towards each other, or even when the profiled spring element 232 is in a relaxed, i.e., not pre-tensioned state, the support region 244 can be located on a flat surface together with the extension region 238.

[0212] An elastic bridging region 252 is provided between the connection region 242 and the support region 244.

[0213] In Figure 16 In the case of the anti-drilling and anti-collision protection device 134 shown, the adaptation element 116 arranged at the wall element 108 is thermally modifiable. The adaptation element 116 includes a thermally modifiable adaptation material 246. The thermally modifiable adaptation material 246 can be transformed into a modifiable state by heat 248, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 16 This has been described in detail above in connection with Figure 7 and Figure 8 This has been described in detail above.

[0214] Figure 17 Shows Figure 16 the anti-drilling and anti-collision protection device shown, with a battery cell group 132 received therein. It can be seen that due to the modification caused by the introduced battery cell group 132, Figure 17 the adaptation element 116 in

[0215] Explanation of reference numerals

[0216] 100 Protection device

[0217] 102 Impact-sensitive element

[0218] 104 Energy storage element

[0219] 106 Battery element

[0220] 108 Wall element

[0221] 110 guard plate

[0222] 112 body

[0223] 114 stone

[0224] 116 adapter element

[0225] 118 adapter material

[0226] 120 foam material

[0227] 122 covering

[0228] 124 film

[0229] 126 plastic film

[0230] 128 top layer level

[0231] 130 top layer

[0232] 132 battery cell group

[0233] 134 anti-drilling and anti-collision protection device

[0234] 136 positioning device

[0235] 138 receiving device

[0236] 140 initial dimension

[0237] 142 adapter element carrier

[0238] 144 reinforcing layer

[0239] 146 reinforcing layer level

[0240] 148 protection system

[0241] 150 battery protection system

[0242] 152 adapter area

[0243] 154 adapter thickness

[0244] 156 thickness

[0245] 158 area

[0246] 160 adapter surface

[0247] 162 positioning and fixing area

[0248] 164 edge

[0249] 166 offset

[0250] 168 and 170 surface regions

[0251] 172 and 174 surfaces

[0252] 176 height

[0253] 178 impact absorption region

[0254] 180 buffer zone

[0255] 182 reinforcement region

[0256] 184 impact force distribution material

[0257] 186 impact force distribution layer

[0258] 188 adaptation precursor material

[0259] 190 foam precursor material

[0260] 192 motor vehicle

[0261] 194 load-bearing member

[0262] 196 attachment element

[0263] 198 rib

[0264] 200 attachment opening

[0265] 202 attachment region

[0266] 204 supply opening

[0267] 206 supply region

[0268] 208 and 210 straight lines

[0269] 212 thermoplastic material

[0270] 214 adaptation rib

[0271] 216 surface profile

[0272] 218 anti-drill collision protection system

[0273] 220 battery suspension element

[0274] 222 bottom section

[0275] 224 wall section

[0276] 226 attachment edge section

[0277] 228 bottom-wall transition

[0278] 230 attachment edge-wall transition

[0279] 232 Special-shaped spring element

[0280] 234 Support area

[0281] 236 Cavity

[0282] 238, 240 Extension area

[0283] 242 Connection area

[0284] 244 Support area

[0285] 246 Heat-modifiable adaptation material

[0286] 248 Heat

[0287] 250 Main extension direction

[0288] 252 Bridging area

Claims

1. A protection device (100) for being arranged at an impact-sensitive element (102), such as a battery element (106), wherein the protection device (100) comprises: - a wall element (108) and - an adaptation element (116) arranged at the wall element (108).

2. The protection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the adaptation element (116) comprises an adaptation material (118), such as a layered adaptation material (118).

3. The protection device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the adaptation material (118), such as the layered adaptation material (118), is a compressible adaptation material (118), preferably a foam material (120) or a non-woven material, such as a foam material (120).

4. The protection device (100) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the adaptation material (118), such as the layered adaptation material (118), is an adaptation precursor material (188), such as a foam precursor material (190).

5. The protection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the adaptation element (116) comprises a thermally modifiable adaptation material (246).

6. The protection device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the adaptation element (116) comprises - the adaptation material (118) and - a covering (122), wherein the adaptation material (118) is arranged between the wall element (108) and the covering (122).

7. The protection device (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that the covering (122) is flexible.

8. The protection device (100) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the covering (122) is or comprises a film (124) and / or a non-woven semi-finished product, in particular a plastic non-woven semi-finished product.

9. The protection device (100) according to claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the covering (122) has an attachment opening (200), and the adaptation material (118) defines an attachment area (202) in the attachment opening (200), wherein the adaptation material (118) is preferably a foam precursor material (190) or a thermally modifiable adaptation material.

10. The protection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the adaptation element (116) is a spring element, preferably a profiled spring element (232), such as a bent leaf spring element.

11. The protection device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, for example according to claim 10, wherein the protection device (100) comprises: - other adaptation elements (116) arranged at the wall element (108), the other adaptation elements being able to be other spring elements, preferably other profiled spring elements (232), such as other bent leaf spring elements, wherein the impact-sensitive element (102) can be positioned at the adapter element (116) in a spaced-apart manner from the wall element (108).

12. An energy storage protection device, such as an anti-drill-through protection device (134), for a motor vehicle (192), comprising the protection device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or consisting of the protection device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A protection system (148), such as an anti-drill-through protection system (218), comprising: - an impact-sensitive element (102), such as a battery element (106), and - the protection device (100) according to claims 1 to 11, the protection device being arranged at the impact-sensitive element (102).

14. The protection system (148) according to claim 13, characterized in that the impact-sensitive element (102) is arranged at the adapter element (116) and is arranged therein in a spaced-apart manner from the wall element (108), wherein the wall element (108) is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element (102) such that the adapter element (116) is compressed, pre-tensioned and / or reshaped.

15. The protection system (148) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the adapter surface (160) of the adapter element (116) extends along the surface (172, 174) of the impact-sensitive element (102), wherein - the adapter surface (160) of the adapter element (116) can preferably extend along the surface profile (216) of the impact-sensitive element (102); and / or - the protection device (100) can preferably be arranged at the impact-sensitive element (102) such that the adapter element (116) has an adapter thickness (154) in the adapter region (152) that is different from the thickness (156) of the adapter element (116) in the region (158) adjacent to the adapter region (152); and / or - the adapter surface (160) of the adapter element (116) can preferably include a positioning and securing region (162), wherein the positioning and securing region (162) extends around the edge (164) of the impact-sensitive element (102).

16. The protection system (148) according to claims 13 to 15, wherein the protection device (100) is the protection device (100) according to claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the surface (172) of the covering element (122) is arranged at the impact-sensitive element (102).

17. The protection system (148) according to claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the offset (166) between the surface region (168) of the adapter element (116) arranged at the edge (164) of the impact-sensitive element (102) and the adjacent surface region (170) of the adapter element (116) spaced apart from the impact-sensitive element (102).

18. A method for manufacturing a protection system (148), preferably the protection system according to claims 13 to 17, such as an anti-drill impact protection system (218), wherein - a protection device (100) is provided, wherein the protection device (100) comprises - a wall element (108) and - an adaptation element (116) arranged at the wall element (108), - the protection device (100) and an impact-sensitive element (102), such as a battery element (106), are brought into contact with each other, - wherein the wall element (108) is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element (102) such that the adaptation element (116) is compressed, pre-tensioned and / or reshaped, or - wherein the adaptation element (116) comprises an adaptation precursor material (188), such as a foam precursor material (190), the wall element (108) is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element (102) and the thickness (156) of the adaptation precursor material (188) is increased to such an extent, for example by foaming of the foam precursor material (190), that the adaptation element (116) comes into contact with the impact-sensitive element (102).

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the adaptation element (116) comprises an adaptation material (118), such as a layered adaptation material (118), wherein the adaptation material (118), such as the layered adaptation material (118), is a compressible adaptation material (118), preferably a foam material (120) or a non-woven material, such as a foam material (120), or a thermally reshaped adaptation material (246), and - wherein the wall element (108) is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element (102) such that the adaptation element (116) is compressed, pre-tensioned and / or reshaped.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that - the adaptation element (116) comprises a foam precursor material (190), the wall element (108) is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element (102), and the thickness of the foam precursor material (190) is increased by foaming of the foam precursor material (190) to such an extent that the adaptation element (116) comes into contact with the impact-sensitive element (102).

21. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the surface (174) of the impact-sensitive element (102) facing the protection device (100) is at least partially covered by the covering element (122), wherein the covering element (122) is preferably flexible, and wherein the covering element (122) is, for example, a film (124).

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the adaptation element (116) comprises - the adaptation material (118) and - the covering element (122), wherein the adaptation material (118) is arranged between the wall element (108) and the covering element (122), wherein the impact-sensitive element (102) is moved closer to the cover piece (122) until it reaches the cover piece (122), or the cover piece (122) is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element (102) until it reaches the impact-sensitive element (102).

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the cover piece (122) has an attachment opening (200), and the adaptation material (118) defines an attachment area (202) in the attachment opening, wherein the adaptation material (118) is preferably a foam precursor material (190) or a heat-modifiable adaptation material.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the impact-sensitive element (102) and the attachment area (202) do not contact each other.

25. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the adaptation element (116) is a spring element, in particular a profiled spring element (232), for example a bent leaf spring element, and a support area (234) is arranged at the impact-sensitive element (102), - wherein the wall element (108) is moved closer to the impact-sensitive element (102) such that the support area (234) is located on the spring element, and the spring element is compressed, pre-tensioned and / or modified between the support area (234) and the wall element (108).

26. A method for manufacturing a motor vehicle (192), comprising - the method according to any one of claims 18 to 25, - preferably the method according to any one of claims 23 or 24, wherein the adaptation material (118) contacts a motor vehicle component, for example a load-bearing motor vehicle component, via the attachment area (202), and the protection device (100) is held at the motor vehicle component via the connection of the adaptation material (118) to the motor vehicle component.

27. A motor vehicle (192) comprising a protection device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, an energy storage protection device according to claim 12, and a protection system (148) according to any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the protection system (148) can preferably be obtained by the method according to claims 18 to 25 and the motor vehicle (192) can preferably be obtained by the method according to claim 26.

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