Building solid waste treatment device and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a building solid waste treatment device and a working method thereof.The building solid waste treatment device comprises a smashing box, rotating drums, smashing teeth, fixing teeth, cutter grooves and cutters, the two rotating drums are rotationally installed in the smashing box, the multiple smashing teeth are arranged on the two rotating drums at equal intervals, the multiple fixing teeth are arranged on the two sides of the inner wall of the smashing box, and the cutter grooves are formed in the cutter grooves; the smashing teeth and the fixing teeth are arranged in a staggered mode, and a plurality of cutter grooves are formed in the rotary drum. When the smashing box conducts smashing through a rotary drum and smashing teeth, a cam connected with the rotary drum rotates to be matched with a rolling wheel of the feeding mechanism at the moment, a guide rod is driven to move up and down in a reciprocating mode under the action of a first spring, up-down material tossing operation at the discharging end of the discharging hopper is achieved, and building solid waste on the discharging hopper is conveniently and evenly conveyed to the smashing box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, and particularly relates to a construction waste treatment device and its working method. Background Art

[0002] Construction waste mainly includes waste concrete, waste bricks and stones, waste wood, waste steel bars, etc. It not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also may cause environmental pollution. By crushing and classifying construction waste, the recycling of construction waste can be realized.

[0003] When crushing construction waste, generally, a vibrating feeder is used for feeding construction waste. Therefore, it is necessary to control the crushing device and the vibrating feeder separately, and the feeding speed of the vibrating feeder is achieved by controlling the vibration frequency. At the same time, when discharging, the crushed construction waste falls directly and impacts on the conveyor belt and the supporting rollers, which is likely to cause damage to the supporting rollers. When crushing, objects such as ropes and fabrics in the construction waste are easily wound around the crushing shaft, and it is necessary to shut down the machine manually and enter the device for cleaning, with a high risk factor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is to provide a construction waste treatment device and its working method, which solves the technical problems that when crushing construction waste, generally, a vibrating feeder is used for feeding construction waste. Therefore, it is necessary to control the crushing device and the vibrating feeder separately, and the feeding speed of the vibrating feeder is achieved by controlling the vibration frequency. At the same time, when discharging, the crushed construction waste falls directly and impacts on the conveyor belt and the supporting rollers, which is likely to cause damage to the supporting rollers. When crushing, objects such as ropes and fabrics in the construction waste are easily wound around the crushing shaft, and it is necessary to shut down the machine manually and enter the device for cleaning, with a high risk factor.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A construction waste treatment device includes a crushing box, a rotating cylinder, crushing teeth, fixed teeth, knife grooves and cutting knives. Two rotating cylinders are rotatably installed inside the crushing box. A number of crushing teeth are equidistantly arranged on the two rotating cylinders. A number of fixed teeth are arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the crushing box. The crushing teeth and the fixed teeth are arranged alternately. A number of knife grooves are formed on the rotating cylinder, and the knife grooves are located between adjacent fixed teeth. Cutting knives are movably installed in the knife grooves. A baffle is installed on the top of the crushing box. A feeding mechanism with adjustable feeding speed is arranged on the crushing box. A discharging mechanism is installed at the bottom of the crushing box.

[0007] Preferably, a gearbox is installed on the side wall of the crushing box, and two meshing rotating teeth are installed in the gearbox. One end of the rotating teeth is connected to the rotating cylinder. A speed reducer is installed outside the gearbox. The output end of the speed reducer is connected to the rotating teeth of one of the rotating cylinders, and the input end of the speed reducer is connected to the output end of the first motor. Cam wheels are respectively installed at both ends of the other rotating cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper and a support. First ear seats are symmetrically installed at the bottom side of one end of the feeding hopper. An air cylinder is installed at the bottom side of the support. The telescopic end of the air cylinder is installed with a lifting plate. First U-shaped seats are installed at both ends of the top side of the lifting plate, and the first U-shaped seats and the first ear seats are rotationally connected through insertion shafts.

[0009] Preferably, fixing frames are symmetrically installed on the top side of the crushing box. Guide rods are installed through the fixing frames. Second U-shaped seats are installed at the top ends of the guide rods. Second ear seats are symmetrically installed at the bottom side of the other end of the feeding hopper, and the second ear seats and the second U-shaped seats are rotationally connected through insertion shafts.

[0010] Preferably, a wheel seat is installed at the bottom end of the guide rod. A roller that rolls along the outer side of the cam wheel is installed in the wheel seat. A first spring is sleeved outside the guide rod between the fixing frame and the wheel seat.

[0011] Preferably, the discharging mechanism includes bottom frames symmetrically installed at the bottom side of the crushing box. A plurality of driving rollers and buffer rollers are installed between the bottom frames, and the driving rollers and the buffer rollers are driven and connected through a conveyor belt.

[0012] Preferably, a chute is opened inside the bottom frame. A second spring is installed in the chute, and the second spring is connected to a roller seat slidably installed in the chute. The end of the buffer roller is connected to the roller seat.

[0013] Preferably, a second motor is installed at the other end of the two hollow rotating cylinders. A rotating shaft is installed inside the rotating cylinder at the output end of the second motor. A plurality of cutting assemblies are installed on the rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the cutting assembly includes a turntable that rotates coaxially with the rotating shaft and a fixed disk that is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder. A plurality of arc-shaped grooves are opened on the turntable. A plurality of linear grooves are opened on the fixed disk. A plurality of guide rails parallel to the linear grooves are arranged on the fixed disk. Sliders are slidably installed on the guide rails, and cutting knives are installed on the sliders. Guide columns that move along the arc-shaped grooves and the linear grooves are installed inside the sliders.

[0015] A working method of a construction waste treatment device, and the specific operation steps of the working method are as follows:

[0016] Step 1: The first motor operates, and the speed reducer adjusts the speed to drive the gears inside the gearbox to rotate, thereby driving the rotating drum and the crushing teeth to rotate. The rotating crushing teeth crush the construction waste. The rotation of the rotating drum drives the cam to rotate. The roller on the wheel seat at the bottom of the guide rod always rotates along the outer wall of the cam under the action of the first spring. Every time the cam rotates one circle, the guide rod moves up and down once, thereby realizing the up-and-down jolting operation of the discharging end of the hopper, evenly conveying the construction waste on the hopper into the crushing box. At the same time, the pneumatic cylinder drives the lifting plate to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the height of the upper and lower ends of the hopper, controlling the inclination degree of the hopper, and controlling the discharging speed;

[0017] Step 2: The crushed construction waste falls from the crushing box onto the conveyor belt. When the construction waste falls, it impacts the conveyor belt and the buffer roller. The buffer roller moves downward in the chute through the roller seat at the end, compressing the second spring, and achieving a buffer effect through the elastic deformation of the second spring;

[0018] Step 3: The second motor operates to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the turntable of the cutting assembly to rotate. During the rotation process, the arc-shaped groove acts on the guide post, driving the guide post to move along the linear groove. At this time, the slider connected to the guide post moves along the guide rail, realizing the movement of the cutting knife. The cutting knife expands and contracts in the knife groove. When the cutting knife extends out of the knife groove, it cuts the winding objects such as cloth strips and ropes wound around the rotating drum.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the crushing box crushes through the rotating drum and the crushing teeth, at this time, the cam connected to the rotating drum rotates and cooperates with the roller of the feeding mechanism, and under the action of the first spring, drives the guide rod to reciprocate up and down, realizing the up-and-down jolting operation of the discharging end of the hopper, which is convenient for evenly conveying the construction waste on the hopper into the crushing box;

[0020] At the same time, the pneumatic cylinder drives the lifting plate to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the height of the upper and lower ends of the hopper, that is, controlling the inclination degree of the hopper. The larger the downward inclination angle of the discharging end of the hopper, the faster the discharging speed. And when the height of the feeding end of the hopper is higher than the discharging end, the hopper stops feeding into the crushing box at this time;

[0021] The crushed construction waste falls from the crushing box onto the conveyor belt. When the construction waste falls, it impacts the conveyor belt and the buffer roller. The buffer roller moves downward in the chute through the roller seat at the end, compressing the second spring, and achieving a buffer effect through the elastic deformation of the second spring;

[0022] The rotation of the turntable of the cutting assembly is realized through the second motor, and then the telescopic movement of the cutting knife in the knife groove is realized, which is convenient for cutting the winding objects wound around the rotating drum, and avoiding the influence of the winding objects on the normal operation of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is the first overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is the second overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is the structural schematic diagram of the rotary drum and crushing teeth of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the blanking mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is the combined structural schematic diagram of several cutting components of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is the first structural schematic diagram of the cutting component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the cutting component of the present invention.

[0030] Legend:

[0031] 1. Crushing box; 2. Rotary drum; 3. Crushing teeth; 4. Fixed teeth; 5. Knife groove; 6. Cutter; 7. Baffle; 8. Gear box; 9. Reducer; 10. First motor; 11. Cam; 12. Hopper; 13. Support; 14. Pneumatic cylinder; 15. Lifting plate; 16. First U-shaped seat; 17. First ear seat; 18. Fixed frame; 19. Guide rod; 20. Wheel seat; 21. Roller; 22. First spring; 23. Second U-shaped seat; 24. Second ear seat; 25. Bottom frame; 26. Driving roller; 27. Buffer roller; 28. Conveyor belt; 29. Slide groove; 30. Second spring; 31. Roller seat; 32. Second motor; 33. Rotating shaft; 34. Cutting component; 35. Turntable; 36. Fixed disk; 37. Arc groove; 38. Linear groove; 39. Guide rail; 40. Slide block; 41. Guide post. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] The following gives specific embodiments.

[0034] See Figures 1 to 7, a construction waste treatment device, including a crushing box 1, a rotating cylinder 2, crushing teeth 3, fixed teeth 4, knife grooves 5 and cutting knives 6. Inside the crushing box 1, two rotating cylinders 2 are rotatably installed. A baffle 7 is installed on the top of the crushing box 1. A number of crushing teeth 3 are arranged at equal intervals on the two rotating cylinders 2. A number of fixed teeth 4 are arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the crushing box 1. The crushing teeth 3 and the fixed teeth 4 are arranged alternately. A gear box 8 is installed on the side wall of the crushing box 1, and two meshing rotating teeth are installed inside the gear box 8. The rotating teeth are connected to one end of the rotating cylinder 2. A speed reducer 9 is installed outside the gear box 8. The output end of the speed reducer 9 is connected to the rotating teeth of one of the rotating cylinders 2. The input end of the speed reducer 9 is connected to the output end of the first motor 10. Cam 11 is installed at both ends of the other rotating cylinder 2. When the first motor 10 works, the speed reducer 9 adjusts the speed to drive the gears in the gear box 8 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating cylinder 2 and the crushing teeth 3 to rotate. The rotating crushing teeth 3 perform crushing treatment on the construction waste. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating cylinder 2 drives the cam 11 to rotate;

[0035] The crushing box 1 is provided with a feeding mechanism with adjustable feeding speed. The feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper 12 and a support 13. Symmetrically installed first ear seats 17 are arranged at the bottom side of one end of the feeding hopper 12. A pneumatic cylinder 14 is installed at the bottom side of the support 13. The telescopic end of the pneumatic cylinder 14 is installed with a lifting plate 15. At both ends of the top side of the lifting plate 15, first U-shaped seats 16 are installed, and the first U-shaped seats 16 and the first ear seats 17 are rotatably connected through a plug shaft. Fixed frames 18 are symmetrically installed on the top side of the crushing box 1. Guide rods 19 are installed through the fixed frames 18. The top ends of the guide rods 19 are installed with second U-shaped seats 23. Symmetrically installed second ear seats 24 are arranged at the bottom side of the other end of the feeding hopper 12, and the second ear seats 24 and the second U-shaped seats 23 are rotatably connected through a plug shaft. A wheel seat 20 is installed at the bottom end of the guide rod 19, and a roller 21 that rolls along the outside of the cam 11 is installed inside the wheel seat 20. A first spring 22 is sleeved outside the guide rod 19 and between the fixed frame 18 and the wheel seat 20. The rotation of the rotating cylinder 2 drives the cam 11 to rotate. The roller 21 on the wheel seat 20 at the bottom end of the guide rod 19 always rotates along the outer wall of the cam 11 under the action of the first spring 22. Every time the cam 11 rotates one circle, the guide rod 19 moves up and down once, thereby realizing the up-and-down jolting operation of the feeding end of the feeding hopper 12, evenly conveying the construction waste on the feeding hopper 12 into the crushing box 1. At the same time, the pneumatic cylinder 14 drives the lifting plate 15 to lift and lower, thereby adjusting the height of the upper and lower ends of the feeding hopper 12, controlling the inclination degree of the feeding hopper 12, and controlling the feeding speed. The larger the downward inclination angle of the feeding end of the feeding hopper 12, that is, the faster the feeding speed. And when the height of the feeding end of the feeding hopper 12 is higher than the feeding end, at this time, the feeding hopper 12 stops feeding into the crushing box 1.

[0036] A blanking mechanism is installed at the bottom of the crushing box 1. The blanking mechanism includes a chassis 25 symmetrically installed on the bottom side of the crushing box 1. A number of driving rollers 26 and buffer rollers 27 are installed between the chassis 25, and the driving rollers 26 and the buffer rollers 27 are drivingly connected by a conveyor belt 28. A chute 29 is provided inside the chassis 25. A second spring 30 is installed in the chute 29, and the second spring 30 is connected to a roller seat 31 slidably installed in the chute 29. The end of the buffer roller 27 is connected to the roller seat 31. The crushed construction waste falls from the crushing box 1 onto the conveyor belt 28. When the construction waste falls, it impacts the conveyor belt 28 and the buffer rollers 27. The buffer rollers 27 move downward in the chute 29 through the roller seats 31 at their ends, compressing the second spring 30, and the elastic deformation of the second spring 30 plays a buffering role.

[0037] A number of knife grooves 5 are provided on the rotating drum 2, and the knife grooves 5 are located between adjacent fixed teeth 4. A cutter 6 is movably installed in the knife grooves 5. The other ends of the two hollow rotating drums 2 are installed with a second motor 32. The output end of the second motor 32 is installed with a rotating shaft 33 inside the rotating drum 2. A number of cutting assemblies 34 are installed on the rotating shaft 33. The cutting assembly 34 includes a turntable 35 rotating coaxially with the rotating shaft 33 and a fixed disk 36 fixedly connected to the rotating drum 2. A number of arc grooves 37 are provided on the turntable 35, and a number of linear grooves 38 are provided on the fixed disk 36. A number of guide rails 39 parallel to the linear grooves 38 are provided on the fixed disk 36. A slider 40 is slidably installed on the guide rails 39, and the cutter 6 is installed on the slider 40. A guide post 41 moving along the arc grooves 37 and the linear grooves 38 is installed inside the slider 40. When the second motor 32 operates, it drives the rotating shaft 33 to rotate. The rotating shaft 33 drives the turntable 35 of the cutting assembly 34 to rotate. During the rotation process, the arc grooves 37 act on the guide posts 41, driving the guide posts 41 to move along the linear grooves 38. At this time, the slider 40 connected to the guide posts 41 moves along the guide rails 39, realizing the movement of the cutter 6. The cutter 6 extends and retracts in the knife grooves 5. When the cutter 6 extends out of the knife grooves 5, it cuts the winding objects such as cloth strips and ropes wound around the rotating drum 2.

[0038] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction solid waste treatment device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a crushing box (1), a rotating drum (2), crushing teeth (3), fixed teeth (4), a knife groove (5) and a cutter (6). Two rotating drums (2) are rotatably mounted inside the crushing box (1). A plurality of crushing teeth (3) are arranged at equal intervals on the two rotating drums (2). A plurality of fixed teeth (4) are arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the crushing box (1). The crushing teeth (3) and the fixed teeth (4) are arranged in a staggered manner. A plurality of knife grooves (5) are opened on the rotating drum (2), and the knife grooves (5) are located between adjacent fixed teeth (4). A cutter (6) is movably mounted in the knife grooves (5). A baffle (7) is mounted on the top of the crushing box (1). A feeding mechanism with an adjustable feeding speed is arranged on the crushing box (1). A feeding mechanism is mounted on the bottom of the crushing box (1).

2. A construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear box (8) is installed on the side wall of the crushing box (1), and two mutually meshing rotating teeth are installed in the gear box (8), and the rotating teeth are connected to one end of the rotating drum (2). A reducer (9) is installed on the outside of the gear box (8), and the output end of the reducer (9) is connected to the rotating teeth of one of the rotating drums (2), and the input end of the reducer (9) is connected to the output end of the first motor (10). Cams (11) are respectively installed at both ends of the other rotating drum (2).

3. A construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises a lower hopper (12) and a bracket (13); a first ear seat (17) is symmetrically mounted on the bottom side of one end of the lower hopper (12); a pneumatic cylinder (14) is mounted on the bottom side of the bracket (13); a lifting plate (15) is mounted on the telescopic end of the pneumatic cylinder (14); first U-shaped seats (16) are mounted on both ends of the top side of the lifting plate (15); and the first U-shaped seat (16) is rotatably connected to the first ear seat (17) via an insertion shaft.

4. A construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixing frame (18) is symmetrically mounted on the top side of the crushing box (1), a guide rod (19) is installed through the fixing frame (18), a second U-shaped seat (23) is installed on the top of the guide rod (19), and a second ear seat (24) is symmetrically mounted on the bottom side of the other end of the lower hopper (12), and the second ear seat (24) is rotatably connected to the second U-shaped seat (23) via an insertion shaft.

5. A construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A wheel seat (20) is installed at the bottom end of the guide rod (19), a roller (21) rolling along the outside of the cam (11) is installed in the wheel seat (20), and a first spring (22) is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (19) and located between the fixing frame (18) and the wheel seat (20).

6. A construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism comprises a base frame (25) symmetrically mounted on the bottom side of the crushing box (1), a plurality of transmission rollers (26) and buffer rollers (27) are mounted between the base frame (25), and the transmission rollers (26) and buffer rollers (27) are connected by transmission via a conveyor belt (28).

7. A construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slide groove (29) is provided on the inner side of the base frame (25), a second spring (30) is installed in the slide groove (29), and the second spring (30) is connected to a roller seat (31) slidably installed in the slide groove (29), and the end of the buffer roller (27) is connected to the roller seat (31).

8. A construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second motor (32) is installed at the other end of the two hollow rotating drums (2); an output end of the second motor (32) is located inside the rotating drum (2) and a rotating shaft (33) is installed therein; a plurality of cutting assemblies (34) are installed on the rotating shaft (33).

9. A construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cutting assembly (34) comprises a rotating disk (35) coaxially rotating with the rotating shaft (33) and a fixed disk (36) fixedly connected to the rotating drum (2); the rotating disk (35) is provided with a plurality of arc grooves (37); the fixed disk (36) is provided with a plurality of linear grooves (38); the fixed disk (36) is provided with a plurality of guide rails (39) parallel to the linear grooves (38); a slider (40) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (39); the cutter (6) is mounted on the slider (40); a guide column (41) is mounted on the inner side of the slider (40) and moves along the arc groove (37) and the linear groove (38).

10. The working method of a construction solid waste treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps of this working method are as follows: Step 1: The first motor (10) is working, and the speed reducer (9) drives the gears inside the gear box (8) to rotate, thereby driving the rotating drum (2) and the crushing teeth (3) to rotate. The rotating crushing teeth (3) crush the construction solid waste. The rotating drum (2) drives the cam (11) to rotate. The roller (21) on the wheel seat (20) at the bottom of the guide rod (19) always rotates along the outer wall of the cam (11) under the action of the first spring (22). Every time the cam (11) rotates one circle, the guide rod (19) moves up and down once, thereby realizing the up and down operation of the discharge end of the discharge hopper (12), and evenly transporting the construction solid waste on the discharge hopper (12) into the crushing box (1). At the same time, the lifting plate (15) is driven to rise and fall through the pneumatic cylinder (14), thereby adjusting the height of the upper and lower ends of the discharge hopper (12), controlling the inclination of the discharge hopper (12), and controlling the discharge speed; Step 2: The crushed construction solid waste falls from the crushing box (1) onto the conveyor belt (28). When the construction solid waste falls, it hits the conveyor belt (28) and the buffer roller (27). The buffer roller (27) moves downward in the slide groove (29) through the roller seat (31) at the end, compressing the second spring (30). The elastic deformation of the second spring (30) initiates the buffering effect. Step 3: The second motor (32) drives the rotating shaft (33) to rotate, and the rotating shaft (33) drives the turntable (35) of the cutting assembly (34) to rotate. During the rotation, the arc groove (37) acts on the guide column (41), driving the guide column (41) to move along the straight groove (38). At this time, the slider (40) connected to the guide column (41) moves along the guide rail (39) to realize the movement of the cutter (6). The cutter (6) retracts and contracts in the knife groove (5). When the cutter (6) extends out of the knife groove (5), the cloth strips, ropes and other windings wound on the rotating drum (2) are cut.

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