Pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels

Abstract

The pyrolysis system for treating the waste photovoltaic panels comprises a conveying roller way, a pyrolysis chamber, a decarburization chamber and a slow cooling chamber, a tray used for bearing the photovoltaic panels is arranged on the conveying roller way, and the tray is sequentially conveyed on a feeding section, a pyrolysis section, a decarburization section, a slow cooling section and a discharging section through the conveying roller way; the pyrolysis chamber is arranged on the pyrolysis section and is provided with a nitrogen inlet and a pyrolysis gas outlet; the decarburization chamber is arranged on the decarburization section and is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port; the slow cooling chamber is arranged in the slow cooling section, and a slow cooling device is arranged in the slow cooling chamber so as to cool the glass plate obtained after pyrolysis decarburization. According to the invention, the whole process of feeding, pyrolysis, decarburization, slow cooling and discharging of the whole photovoltaic panel is solved in the form of conveying the tray through the roller way, the relative displacement of the photovoltaic panel is effectively reduced, the glass plate is prevented from cracking, and the complete glass plate is convenient to collect. And by arranging the slow cooling chamber, the photovoltaic panel glass is effectively prevented from being broken due to shock cooling, and the integrity of the glass plate is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel recycling and treatment, and particularly to a pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules generally consist of an aluminum frame, a junction box, tempered glass, an EVA film crystalline silicon cell, and a TPT backplane. A whole photovoltaic panel refers to the tempered glass plate (whole piece), EVA film crystalline silicon cell, and TPT backplane after the aluminum frame and junction box of the photovoltaic module are separated and removed. The waste photovoltaic panel can be treated by a pyrolysis system to recycle the glass plate and silicon wafer.

[0003] In the existing pyrolysis system, the glass plate and silicon wafer obtained after the thermal decarbonization of the photovoltaic panel are usually directly output from the decarbonization chamber to the blanking section. Since the temperature during the thermal decarbonization process is relatively high, usually greater than 500 °C, if the glass plate is directly exposed to low-temperature air, it is likely to crack due to sudden cooling, and a complete glass plate cannot be collected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels, which is convenient for collecting complete glass plates.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels, including: a conveying roller path, a pyrolysis chamber, a decarbonization chamber, and a slow cooling chamber. The conveying roller path is arranged horizontally, and a tray for carrying the photovoltaic panel is provided on the conveying roller path. The tray is sequentially transported on the loading section, pyrolysis section, decarbonization section, slow cooling section, and discharging section through the conveying roller path. The pyrolysis chamber is arranged in the pyrolysis section, and the conveying roller path penetrates the inlet and outlet of the pyrolysis chamber. The pyrolysis chamber has a nitrogen inlet and a pyrolysis gas outlet, and a first heating device is provided in the pyrolysis chamber. The decarbonization chamber is arranged in the decarbonization section, and the conveying roller path penetrates the inlet and outlet of the decarbonization chamber. The decarbonization chamber has an air inlet and an exhaust port, and a second heating device is provided in the decarbonization chamber. The slow cooling chamber is arranged in the slow cooling section, and the conveying roller path penetrates the inlet and outlet of the slow cooling chamber. A slow cooling device is provided in the slow cooling chamber to cool the glass plate obtained after thermal decarbonization.

[0006] In some embodiments, the slow cooling device includes a fan, and the fan is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber and blows air in a direction avoiding the conveying roller path. An air outlet is provided on the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber to form air convection.

[0007] In some embodiments, the slow cooling device further includes a cooling water pipe, and the cooling water pipe is arranged on the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber and above the conveying roller path. The cooling water pipe is connected to a cooling water storage tank and forms a loop, and the cooling water storage tank is arranged outside the slow cooling chamber.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cooling water pipes are arranged in a baffle flow manner.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inlet of the pyrolysis chamber is connected to the front gas displacement chamber, and the outlet of the slow cooling chamber is connected to the rear gas displacement chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis chamber, the exhaust port of the decarbonization chamber and the air exhaust port of the slow cooling chamber are jointly connected to the secondary combustion chamber.

[0011] In some embodiments, the exhaust port of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the waste gas treatment system.

[0012] In some embodiments, the waste gas treatment system includes a spraying device and a cooling device to spray and cool the waste gas.

[0013] In some embodiments, the nitrogen inlet of the pyrolysis chamber is connected to a nitrogen generator.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first sealing furnace door is provided at the inlet of the front gas displacement chamber, a second sealing furnace door is provided between the front gas displacement chamber and the pyrolysis chamber, a third sealing furnace door is provided between the pyrolysis chamber and the decarbonization chamber, a fourth sealing furnace door is provided between the decarbonization chamber and the slow cooling chamber, a fifth sealing furnace door is provided between the slow cooling chamber and the rear gas displacement chamber, and a sixth sealing furnace door is provided at the outlet of the rear gas displacement chamber. The first sealing furnace door, the second sealing furnace door, the third sealing furnace door, the fourth sealing furnace door, the fifth sealing furnace door and the sixth sealing furnace door are respectively controlled to open and close by a hydraulic control device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.

[0016] Wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Reference numerals:

[0019] 1. feeding section; 2. front gas displacement chamber; 3. pyrolysis chamber; 4. decarbonization chamber; 5. slow cooling chamber; 6. rear gas displacement chamber; 7. discharging section; 8. secondary combustion chamber; 9. waste gas treatment system; 10. nitrogen generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0021] The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiments of the present invention provide a pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels, including: a conveying roller path, a pyrolysis chamber 3, a decarbonization chamber 4 and a slow cooling chamber 5. The conveying roller path is arranged horizontally, and a tray for carrying photovoltaic panels is provided on the conveying roller path. The tray is sequentially transported on the loading section 1, the pyrolysis section, the decarbonization section, the slow cooling section and the discharging section 7 through the conveying roller path; the pyrolysis chamber 3 is arranged in the pyrolysis section, and the conveying roller path penetrates through the inlet and outlet of the pyrolysis chamber 3. The pyrolysis chamber 3 has a nitrogen inlet and a pyrolysis gas outlet, and a first heating device is provided in the pyrolysis chamber 3; the decarbonization chamber 4 is arranged in the decarbonization section, and the conveying roller path penetrates through the inlet and outlet of the decarbonization chamber 4. The decarbonization chamber 4 has an air inlet and an exhaust port, and a second heating device is provided in the decarbonization chamber 4; the slow cooling chamber 5 is arranged in the slow cooling section, and the conveying roller path penetrates through the inlet and outlet of the slow cooling chamber 5. A slow cooling device is provided in the slow cooling chamber 5 to cool the glass plate and the silicon wafer obtained after pyrolysis and decarbonization.

[0023] In the embodiments of the present invention, the form of conveying the tray through the roller path is adopted to solve the whole process of loading, pyrolysis, decarbonization, slow cooling and discharging of the whole photovoltaic panel. The action is simple and reliable, effectively reducing the relative displacement of the photovoltaic panel, preventing the glass plate from cracking, and facilitating the collection of complete glass plates. By providing the slow cooling chamber 5, it effectively prevents the glass of the photovoltaic panel from cracking due to sudden cooling and ensures the integrity of the glass plate.

[0024] This device is a continuous pyrolysis device, and the loading, pyrolysis, decarbonization and discharging are realized by controlling the operation of the roller path, so as to effectively separate the pyrolysis products.

[0025] In some embodiments, the slow cooling device includes a fan. The fan is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber 5, and the fan blows air in a direction avoiding the conveying roller path. An air exhaust port is provided on the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber 5 to form air convection.

[0026] By making the fan blow air in a direction avoiding the conveying roller path, a gentle cooling method is provided, so that the temperature of the glass plate drops slowly, and the wind can be prevented from directly blowing on the glass plate, thereby causing sudden cooling and cracking of the glass plate.

[0027] In some embodiments, the slow cooling device further includes a cooling water pipe. The cooling water pipe is arranged above the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber 5 and the conveying roller path. The cooling water pipe is connected to a cooling water storage tank and forms a loop. The cooling water storage tank is arranged outside the slow cooling chamber 5. By providing the cooling water pipe, the function of auxiliary slow cooling can be achieved.

[0028] In some embodiments, the cooling water pipe is arranged in a way of baffle flow. The heat exchange effect of the cooling water pipe can be improved, and the cooling speed of the glass plate and the silicon wafer after pyrolysis and decarbonization can be increased.

[0029] In some embodiments, the inlet of the pyrolysis chamber 3 is connected to the pre-gas displacement chamber 2, and the outlet of the slow cooling chamber 5 is connected to the post-gas displacement chamber 6.

[0030] By providing the pre-gas displacement chamber 2 and the post-gas displacement chamber 6, the problem of isolation of internal and external gases during pyrolysis and decarbonization is solved, preventing external gases from entering the pyrolysis chamber 3 and the decarbonization chamber 4 and affecting the pyrolysis and decarbonization effects, and also preventing the gases generated by pyrolysis and decarbonization from being discharged to the outside and polluting the environment.

[0031] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis chamber 3, the exhaust port of the decarbonization chamber 4, and the air exhaust port of the slow cooling chamber 5 are commonly connected to the secondary combustion chamber 8. The gases discharged during the pyrolysis and decarbonization processes can be reused as fuel, while avoiding direct discharge into the atmosphere and causing pollution.

[0032] In some embodiments, the exhaust port of the secondary combustion chamber 8 is connected to the waste gas treatment system 9. The waste gas generated after secondary combustion is purified by the waste gas treatment system 9 and then discharged into the atmosphere to prevent pollution to the atmosphere.

[0033] In some embodiments, the waste gas treatment system 9 includes a spraying device and a cooling device to spray and cool the waste gas.

[0034] Furthermore, the spraying device is an alkali solution spraying device, which can react with harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in the waste gas to prevent discharge into the atmosphere.

[0035] In some embodiments, the nitrogen inlet of the pyrolysis chamber 3 is connected to the nitrogen generator 10. Ensure an adequate nitrogen source for the pyrolysis chamber 3 and ensure the pyrolysis effect.

[0036] In some embodiments, a first sealing furnace door is provided at the inlet of the pre-gas displacement chamber 2, a second sealing furnace door is provided between the pre-gas displacement chamber 2 and the pyrolysis chamber 3, a third sealing furnace door is provided between the pyrolysis chamber 3 and the decarbonization chamber 4, a fourth sealing furnace door is provided between the decarbonization chamber 4 and the slow cooling chamber 5, a fifth sealing furnace door is provided between the slow cooling chamber 5 and the post-gas displacement chamber 6, and a sixth sealing furnace door is provided at the outlet of the post-gas displacement chamber 6. The first sealing furnace door, the second sealing furnace door, the third sealing furnace door, the fourth sealing furnace door, the fifth sealing furnace door, and the sixth sealing furnace door are respectively controlled to open and close by a hydraulic control device.

[0037] By respectively providing sealing furnace doors at the inlets and outlets of the pre-gas displacement chamber 2, the pyrolysis chamber 3, the decarbonization chamber 4, the slow cooling chamber 5, and the post-gas displacement chamber 6, the atmosphere in the pyrolysis chamber 3 and the decarbonization chamber 4 can be ensured not to be polluted by external gases, the sealing performance of the chamber and the pyrolysis and decarbonization effects can be ensured, and at the same time, the gases in the pyrolysis chamber 3, the decarbonization chamber 4, and the slow cooling chamber 5 are also ensured not to diffuse to the outside and pollute the environment.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or capable of communicating with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0042] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0043] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: include: A conveying roller, the conveying roller is arranged in a horizontal direction, and a tray for carrying photovoltaic panels is arranged on the conveying roller. The tray is sequentially transported through the feeding section, the pyrolysis section, the decarbonization section, the slow cooling section and the discharging section through the conveying roller; A pyrolysis chamber, wherein the pyrolysis chamber is arranged in the pyrolysis section, the conveying roller passes through the inlet and outlet of the pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis chamber has a nitrogen inlet and a pyrolysis gas outlet, and a first heating device is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber; A decarburization chamber, wherein the decarburization chamber is arranged in the decarburization section, the conveying roller passes through the inlet and outlet of the decarburization chamber, the decarburization chamber has an air inlet and an exhaust port, and a second heating device is arranged in the decarburization chamber; A slow cooling chamber is provided in the slow cooling section, the conveying roller passes through the inlet and outlet of the slow cooling chamber, and a slow cooling device is provided in the slow cooling chamber to cool the glass plate obtained after pyrolysis and decarburization.

2. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow cooling device comprises a fan, which is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber. The fan blows air in a direction avoiding the conveying roller. An exhaust port is arranged on the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber to form air convection.

3. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slow cooling device also includes a cooling water pipe, which is arranged on the inner wall of the slow cooling chamber and above the conveying roller. The cooling water pipe is connected to a cooling water storage tank to form a loop, and the cooling water storage tank is arranged outside the slow cooling chamber.

4. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling water pipe is arranged in a baffled manner.

5. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the pyrolysis chamber is connected to the front gas replacement chamber, and the outlet of the slow cooling chamber is connected to the rear gas replacement chamber.

6. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis chamber, the exhaust port of the decarbonization chamber and the exhaust port of the slow cooling chamber are commonly connected to the secondary combustion chamber.

7. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The exhaust port of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to an exhaust gas treatment system.

8. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The exhaust gas treatment system comprises a spraying device and a cooling device to spray and cool the exhaust gas.

9. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen inlet of the pyrolysis chamber is connected to a nitrogen generator.

10. The pyrolysis system for treating waste photovoltaic panels according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first sealed furnace door is provided at the entrance of the front gas replacement chamber, a second sealed furnace door is provided between the front gas replacement chamber and the pyrolysis chamber, a third sealed furnace door is provided between the pyrolysis chamber and the decarbonization chamber, a fourth sealed furnace door is provided between the decarbonization chamber and the slow cooling chamber, a fifth sealed furnace door is provided between the slow cooling chamber and the rear gas replacement chamber, and a sixth sealed furnace door is provided at the exit of the rear gas replacement chamber. The first sealed furnace door, the second sealed furnace door, the third sealed furnace door, the fourth sealed furnace door, the fifth sealed furnace door and the sixth sealed furnace door are respectively controlled to open and close by hydraulic control devices.

Images