Aluminum electrolysis anode rod aluminum steel direct welding method

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum electrolysis anode rod aluminum steel direct welding method in the technical field of metal smelting, and the method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting four aluminum steel explosion blocks, enabling the aluminum steel surfaces of the aluminum steel explosion blocks to face the same direction, and carrying out tailor welding on the four aluminum steel explosion blocks to obtain an aluminum steel explosion square frame; a square frame hole is reserved in the center of the aluminum steel explosion square frame according to the size of the section of the aluminum guide rod; secondly, the aluminum guide rod is inserted into a square frame hole, and the end of the aluminum guide rod is connected with an anode steel claw; the aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame faces upwards, and the steel surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame faces downwards; and thirdly, the aluminum face of the aluminum steel explosion square frame is welded to the aluminum guide rod, the steel face of the aluminum steel explosion square frame is welded to the steel claw, and then aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod aluminum steel direct connection welding is completed. According to the scheme, the problem that in the pole changing process of existing aluminum electrolysis production, when an aluminum guide rod is subjected to bending force, an aluminum welding seam may be fractured and damaged due to the bending force is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a method for directly welding aluminum and steel of an aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod. Background Art

[0002] The aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod is a key component used to connect the anode block and the anode bus during the aluminum electrolysis production process. Its main function is to conduct current from the anode bus to the anode block, ensuring that the current can be efficiently transmitted to the anode in the electrolytic cell, thereby realizing the production of electrolytic aluminum.

[0003] The aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod generally includes the following parts: the main body part for conducting current, namely the anode guide rod main body; the part for connecting the anode guide rod and the anode block, usually using steel claws or steel bushings, and the insulating material for preventing current leakage, usually installed at the contact part between the guide rod and the electrolytic cell. However, at present, the connection method between the aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod main body (hereinafter referred to as the aluminum guide rod) and the steel claw is mainly as follows: one is to connect through an aluminum-steel explosion block, that is, aluminum-aluminum welding is carried out between the aluminum guide rod and the aluminum surface on the upper part of the explosion block, and steel-steel welding is carried out between the steel claw and the steel surface on the lower part of the explosion block; the other is direct aluminum-steel welding, that is, after machining, grinding, baking and applying a special welding agent on the steel surface of the steel claw boss, three-layer planar aluminum welding is automatically carried out by a machine and then welded together with the aluminum guide rod. However, the above two methods have the following problems: 1. In the process of changing anodes in aluminum electrolysis production, the aluminum guide rod will be subjected to certain forces. Including vertical force: when inserting a new anode into the electrolytic cell, the aluminum guide rod will bear a downward pressure. Lateral force: During the process of adjusting the anode position, a lateral force may be applied to the aluminum guide rod, especially when the anode is not in place completely. Therefore, when the aluminum guide rod is subjected to a bending force, the aluminum weld seam also directly bears the bending force, resulting in the fracture and damage of the aluminum weld seam; 2. In the first connection method, there is a high voltage drop when current passes through the three contact surfaces of the aluminum-steel connection. In the second method, there are many welding processes, and the welding cost and labor cost are high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for directly welding aluminum and steel of an aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod to solve the problem that in the process of changing anodes in current aluminum electrolysis production, when the aluminum guide rod is subjected to a bending force, the aluminum weld seam may be fractured and damaged due to the bending force.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for directly welding aluminum and steel of an aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, select four aluminum-steel explosion blocks with the same orientation of the aluminum-steel surfaces, weld the four aluminum-steel explosion blocks together to obtain an aluminum-steel explosion square frame, and leave a square hole at the center of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame according to the cross-sectional size of the aluminum guide rod;

[0007] Step 2: Insert the aluminum guide bar into the square hole and connect the anode steel claw to the end of the aluminum guide bar; the aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square is facing up, and the steel surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square is facing down.

[0008] Step 3: Weld the aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square to the aluminum guide bar and weld the steel surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square to the steel claw, thus completing the direct connection welding of the aluminum and steel of the aluminum electrolysis anode guide bar.

[0009] Advantages of the present invention:

[0010] 1. When using this solution during the anode changing process in aluminum electrolysis production, when the aluminum guide bar is subjected to a bending force, the aluminum weld seam does not bear the bending force, so the aluminum weld seam can avoid being broken and damaged due to the bending force, thereby increasing the service life of the anode aluminum guide bar.

[0011] 2. Compared with the existing welding methods, this solution has only one contact surface between the anode guide bar and the steel claw, reducing two contact surfaces compared with the existing explosion blocks, thus reducing the voltage drop during current passing, reducing power consumption, saving energy and also saving production costs.

[0012] Furthermore, before the butt welding in Step 1, the surface of the aluminum-steel explosion block is subjected to plasma cleaning. The purpose is that through this cleaning method, impurities such as oil stains and oxides on the surface of the explosion block can be removed, improving the bonding force of the welding.

[0013] Furthermore, when welding the aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square to the aluminum guide bar in Step 3, laser wire filling welding is used for welding. The purpose is that using this welding method can ensure the strength and toughness of the weld seam, further avoiding the situation where the aluminum weld seam breaks and is damaged due to the bending force.

[0014] Furthermore, when welding the steel surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square to the steel claw in Step 3, laser-arc double-beam welding is used. The purpose is that using this method for welding, the weld seam quality is high and the welding efficiency is high.

[0015] Furthermore, after the welding in Step 3 is completed, ultrasonic impact treatment is performed on the weld seam. The purpose is that ultrasonic impact can eliminate the residual tensile stress on the surface of the weld seam, generate residual compressive stress, and improve the fatigue strength of the weld seam; at the same time, ultrasonic impact can also refine the grains on the surface of the weld seam and improve the surface quality of the weld seam. Specific embodiments

[0016] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0017] An aluminum electrolysis anode guide bar aluminum-steel direct welding method includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Select four aluminum-steel explosion blocks, perform plasma cleaning on the surfaces of the aluminum-steel explosion blocks, and ensure that the aluminum-steel surfaces of the aluminum-steel explosion blocks face the same direction. Then, weld the four aluminum-steel explosion blocks together to obtain an aluminum-steel explosion square frame, and leave a square hole at the center of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame according to the cross-sectional size of the aluminum guide rod.

[0019] Step 2: Insert the aluminum guide rod into the square hole, and connect the anode steel claw to the end of the aluminum guide rod. The aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame faces upward, and the steel surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame faces downward.

[0020] Step 3: Weld the aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame and the aluminum guide rod by laser wire filling welding, and weld the steel surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame and the steel claw by laser-arc double-beam welding, thus completing the direct connection welding of aluminum and steel for the aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod. After welding, perform ultrasonic impact treatment on the weld seam.

Claims

1. A method for direct welding aluminum-steel with aluminum electrolysis anode guide rods, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select four aluminum-steel explosion blocks, the aluminum-steel surfaces of the aluminum-steel explosion blocks need to be oriented in the same direction, weld the four aluminum-steel explosion blocks together to obtain an aluminum-steel explosion square frame, and leave a square hole at the center of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame according to the cross-sectional size of the aluminum guide rod; Step 2: insert the aluminum guide rod into the square frame hole, and connect the anode steel claw to the end of the aluminum guide rod; the aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame faces upward, and the steel surface of the aluminum-steel explosion square frame faces downward; Step three, weld the aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion frame to the aluminum guide rod, and weld the steel surface of the aluminum-steel explosion frame to the steel claw, thus completing the aluminum-steel direct connection welding of the aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod.

2. The aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod aluminum steel direct welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, plasma cleaning is performed on the surface of the aluminum-steel explosion block before welding.

3. The aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod aluminum steel direct welding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step three, when welding the aluminum surface of the aluminum-steel explosion frame and the aluminum guide rod, laser wire filling welding is used for welding.

4. The aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod aluminum steel direct welding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 3, laser-arc double beam welding is used to weld the steel surface and steel claws of the aluminum steel explosion frame.

5. The aluminum electrolysis anode guide rod aluminum steel direct welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the welding in step 3 is completed, the weld is subjected to ultrasonic impact treatment.