A five-axis CNC machine tool with automatic tool changer

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of five-axis machine tool technology, and in particular to an automatic tool-changing five-axis linkage machine tool. It includes a machine tool body, with a tool holder movably connected to the top of the machine tool body. The outer wall of the tool holder has several equally spaced annularly arranged notches. A cutting tool is threaded into the inside of the tool holder, and the outer wall of the cutting tool has a notch of the same structure. A mounting mechanism is provided on one side of the machine tool body. This automatic tool-changing five-axis linkage machine tool, through the concentrically rotating upper and lower clamping plates, can respectively insert into the tool head and tool holder. The rotation of the upper and lower clamping plates is controlled by a pneumatic rod, facilitating the forceful securing of the tool head to the tool holder, thus simplifying the use of the device. Furthermore, the intermittently rotating loading tray can automatically switch a new tool head to the foreground, facilitating the handling and placement of both old and new tool heads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of five-axis machine tool technology, specifically to a five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool change. Background Technology

[0002] Five-axis CNC machine tools are high-tech, high-precision machine tools specifically designed for machining complex curved surfaces. This type of machine tool system has a significant impact on a country's aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment, and other industries. When the equipment is continuously machining a workpiece, the tool heads have a limited lifespan and different specifications of machining tool heads, so operators need to replace the tool heads to ensure the continuous use of the equipment.

[0003] The following problems were found in the existing technology: When replacing the cutting head, the existing equipment usually requires the equipment to be stopped, and the operator to manually enter the equipment, remove the cutting head from the processing head, and then install the new cutting head. The operator has to enter the equipment to replace the tool, which poses certain safety hazards. In addition, the tool needs to be twisted forcefully to securely install it on the processing tool, which is laborious and inconvenient for the operation of the equipment.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative design based on the existing five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool changer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic tool-changing five-axis linkage machine tool to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that existing automatic tool-changing five-axis linkage machine tools are inconvenient for changing tool heads.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool changing, comprising a machine tool body, a tool holder movably connected to the top of the machine tool body, and a plurality of equally spaced annularly arranged notches on the outer wall of the tool holder, a cutting tool being threadedly connected to the inside of the tool holder, and a notch of the same structure being opened on the outer wall of the cutting tool, and an installation mechanism being provided on one side of the machine tool body.

[0007] The installation mechanism includes a robotic arm, the top of which is fixedly connected to the top wall of the machine tool body, and the bottom of which is hinged to an installation cavity. A sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and an upper telescopic rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity. An upper clamping plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the upper telescopic rod, and a pneumatic rod is connected to the bottom end of the upper telescopic rod. A lower telescopic rod is hinged to the other end of the pneumatic rod, and a lower clamping plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the lower telescopic rod. The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are arranged on the same axis.

[0008] The lower clamp is equipped with a control component, and a placement component is provided on one side of the robotic arm.

[0009] Preferably, the control component includes an inner groove, which is formed on the upper clamping plate, and an arc-shaped frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove. The inner wall of the arc-shaped frame is provided with a plurality of inner arc-shaped grooves, and a clamping block is slidably connected to each of the plurality of inner arc-shaped grooves. The outer wall of the plurality of clamping blocks is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper clamping plate.

[0010] The bottom end of the arc-shaped frame is provided with an outer arc-shaped groove, and a trigger rod is slidably connected to the bottom end of the outer arc-shaped groove. A reset chamber is attached to the side wall of the trigger rod, and a reset spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reset chamber. The front end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the trigger rod.

[0011] The lower clamping plate has the same structure as the upper clamping plate.

[0012] Preferably, the outer diameter of the clamping block matches the inner diameter of the notch, and several clamping blocks are arranged corresponding to several notches.

[0013] Preferably, the control component further includes a lower arc groove, which is formed on the lower clamping plate, and an inner groove is formed at the end of the lower arc groove, and an inner groove with the same structure is formed at the center of the lower arc groove, wherein the inner groove is configured with a trapezoidal structure.

[0014] The bottom end of the upper clamping plate is provided with an upper arc groove, and the end of the upper arc groove is provided with a release groove. The other side of the upper arc groove is provided with a release groove of the same structure. The release groove and the inner groove are staggered. The upper arc groove and the lower arc groove are distributed in a concentric circle structure.

[0015] Preferably, the placement component includes a base, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the top end of the machine tool body. A carrying tray is rotatably connected to the top end of the base via a bearing. A compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the base, and a cleaning tray is fixedly connected to the top end of the compression spring. A cleaning cloth is provided on the outer wall of the cleaning tray. Several slots arranged in a circular array are evenly spaced on the top end of the cleaning tray, and a ball is inserted into the top end of each slot. The top end of each ball is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cleaning tray.

[0016] A trigger post is fixedly connected to the top of the loading tray. Several spiral grooves are arranged in a circular array at equal intervals on the outer wall of the trigger post, and the spiral grooves are connected to each other by vertical grooves. The vertical grooves are opened on the outer wall of the trigger post. A pressure sleeve is fitted on the outer wall of the trigger post, and a hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure sleeve. The top of the hydraulic rod is connected to a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is fixedly connected to the top wall of the machine tool body.

[0017] A spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the trigger post, and the outer diameter of the spring telescopic rod matches the inner diameter of the spiral groove and the vertical groove.

[0018] Preferably, the spiral groove and the vertical groove are arranged in a Y-shape, and the depth of the spiral groove gradually decreases from left to right, and the depth of the vertical groove gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0019] Preferably, the placement component further includes a placement groove, which is formed on the loading tray, and several placement grooves are formed in a circular array at equal intervals. A rotating disk is inserted into the inner wall of the placement groove, and a shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating disk. The shaft has a teardrop-shaped cross-section, and a drive gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shaft. A fixing toothed sleeve is meshed on the side wall of the shaft, and the fixing toothed sleeve is installed on the base.

[0020] A pressing block is attached to the side wall of the shaft and is slidably connected to the loading tray. A pressing block is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the loading tray, and a push plate is rotatably connected to the side wall of the pressing block. The other end of the push plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the pressing block. A lower pressure plate is attached to the top of the pressing block and the side wall of the lower pressure plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pressure sleeve.

[0021] Preferably, the placement component further includes a left pressure plate, the outer wall of which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating disk, and a moving groove is provided on the outer wall of the left pressure plate, and a telescopic plate is inserted into the moving groove. The other end of the telescopic plate is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the rotating disk. Two telescopic plates are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the rotating shaft, and a right pressure plate is inserted into the front end of the other telescopic plate.

[0022] A gear is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and a toothed plate meshes on the outer wall of the gear. An L-shaped fastener is fixedly connected to the bottom of the toothed plate, and the fastener is slidably connected to the rotating disk. A telescopic spring rod is provided between the bottom of the toothed plate and the top of the rotating disk.

[0023] The toothed plate has an L-shaped structure, and an inclined groove is formed on the outer wall of the toothed plate.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. When using this device, the upper and lower clamps are set to rotate concentrically and relative to each other. The upper and lower clamps can be inserted into the cutter head and the cutter handle respectively. The rotation of the upper and lower clamps is controlled by the pneumatic rod, which makes it easy to forcefully fasten the cutter head to the cutter handle and facilitates the use of the device.

[0026] 2. When using this device, the intermittently rotating loading tray can automatically switch the new blade to the frontmost position, making it easy to pick up and place the new and old blades;

[0027] 2. When using this device, the cleaning disc, which can slide up and down back and forth, automatically cleans the surface of all the cutting heads on the disc as new cutting heads are gradually pushed into it, thus avoiding affecting the processing. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front-view three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cutter head and the cutter handle in this invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the installation mechanism in this invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mounting cavity in this invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the installation mechanism in this invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the arc-shaped frame in this invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the upper clamping plate in this invention;

[0035] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower clamping plate in this invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the lower clamping plate in this invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower clamping plate in this invention;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning tray installation structure in this invention;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the loading disk in this invention;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tray structure in this invention;

[0042] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the left and right pressure plates in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the left and right pressure plates in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool body; 2. Tool holder; 3. Tool; 4. Mounting mechanism; 41. Robotic arm; 42. Mounting cavity; 43. Slide groove; 44. Upper telescopic rod; 45. Upper clamping plate; 46. Gas rod; 47. Lower telescopic rod; 48. Lower clamping plate; 49. Control component; 491. Inner groove; 492. Arc frame; 493. Inner arc groove; 494. Clamping block; 495. Outer arc groove; 496. Trigger rod; 497. Reset chamber; 498. Lower arc groove; 499. Inner groove; 4910. Upper arc groove; 4911. Release groove; 410. Placement component; 411. Base; 412. Loading tray; 413. Cleaning disc; 414. Slot; 415. Ball; 416. Trigger pin; 417. Spiral groove; 418. Vertical groove; 419. Pressure sleeve; 420. Hydraulic rod; 421. Hydraulic pump; 422. Spring telescopic rod; 423. Placement slot; 424. Rotating disc; 425. Shaft; 426. Drive gear; 427. Fixed gear sleeve; 428. Extrusion block; 429. Pressing block; 430. Push plate; 431. Lower pressure plate; 432. Left pressure plate; 433. Telescopic plate; 434. Rotating shaft; 435. Right pressure plate; 436. Actuating gear; 437. Tooth plate; 438. Buckle block. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Please see Figure 1-16 The present invention provides a technical solution: a five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool changing, including a machine tool body 1, a tool holder 2 is movably connected to the top of the machine tool body 1, and a number of equally spaced annularly arranged notches are opened on the outer wall of the tool holder 2, a cutting tool 3 is threadedly connected to the inside of the tool holder 2, and a notch with the same structure is opened on the outer wall of the cutting tool 3, and an installation mechanism 4 is provided on one side of the machine tool body 1.

[0047] The mounting mechanism 4 includes a robotic arm 41. The top end of the robotic arm 41 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the machine tool body 1, and the bottom end of the robotic arm 41 is hinged to a mounting cavity 42. A sliding groove 43 is provided on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 42. An upper telescopic rod 44 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 42. An upper clamping plate 45 is fixedly connected to the front end of the upper telescopic rod 44, and a pneumatic rod 46 is connected to the bottom end of the upper telescopic rod 44. A lower telescopic rod 47 is hinged to the other end of the pneumatic rod 46, and a lower clamping plate 48 is fixedly connected to the front end of the lower telescopic rod 47. The upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48 are arranged on the same axis.

[0048] A control component 49 is provided on the lower clamping plate 48, and a placement component 410 is provided on one side of the robotic arm 41.

[0049] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the control component 49 includes an inner groove 491, which is formed on the upper clamping plate 45. An arc-shaped frame 492 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove 491. A plurality of inner arc-shaped grooves 493 are formed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped frame 492, and a clamping block 494 is slidably connected to each of the plurality of inner arc-shaped grooves 493. The outer wall of the plurality of clamping blocks 494 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper clamping plate 45.

[0050] The bottom end of the arc-shaped frame 492 is provided with an outer arc-shaped groove 495, and a trigger rod 496 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the outer arc-shaped groove 495. A reset chamber 497 is attached to the side wall of the trigger rod 496, and a reset spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reset chamber 497. The front end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the trigger rod 496.

[0051] The lower clamping plate 48 has the same structure as the upper clamping plate 45. Through the cooperation of the upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48, the installation of the cutter head and the cutter holder 2 can be quickly tightened and unlocked, making it convenient to install and remove the cutter head.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the outer diameter of the clamping block 494 matches the inner diameter of the notch, and several clamping blocks 494 are correspondingly arranged with several notches, so that when the cutter head is located between the upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48, the position of the cutter head can be locked by the locking of the clamping block 494, which facilitates the installation and removal of the cutter head.

[0053] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the control component 49 also includes a lower arc groove 498, which is formed on the lower clamping plate 48. The lower arc groove 498 has an inner groove 499 at its end, and an inner groove 499 with the same structure is formed at the center of the lower arc groove. The inner groove 499 has a trapezoidal structure.

[0054] The bottom end of the upper clamping plate 45 is provided with an upper arc groove 4910, and the end of the upper arc groove 4910 is provided with a release groove 4911. The other side of the upper arc groove 4910 is provided with a release groove 4911 of the same structure. The release groove 4911 and the inner groove 499 are staggered. The upper arc groove 4910 and the lower arc groove 498 are distributed in a concentric circle structure. By staggering the upper arc groove 4910 and the lower arc groove 498, the unlocking of the clamping block 494 in the lower arc groove 498 can be delayed when the cutter head is disassembled, which facilitates the movement of the cutter head.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the placement component 410 includes a base 411. The bottom end of the base 411 is fixedly connected to the top end of the machine tool body 1. The top end of the base 411 is rotatably connected to a loading tray 412 via a bearing. A compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the base 411, and a cleaning tray 413 is fixedly connected to the top end of the compression spring. A cleaning cloth is provided on the outer wall of the cleaning tray 413. Several slots 414 arranged in a circular array are evenly spaced on the top end of the cleaning tray 413. A ball 415 is inserted into the top end of each of the slots 414, and the top end of each of the balls 415 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cleaning tray 413.

[0056] A trigger post 416 is fixedly connected to the top of the loading tray 412. Several spiral grooves 417 are arranged in a circular array at equal intervals on the outer wall of the trigger post 416. The spiral grooves 417 are connected to each other through vertical grooves 418. The vertical grooves 418 are opened on the outer wall of the trigger post 416. A pressure sleeve 419 is fitted on the outer wall of the trigger post 416. A hydraulic rod 420 is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure sleeve 419. A hydraulic pump 421 is connected to the top of the hydraulic rod 420. The hydraulic pump 421 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the machine tool body 1.

[0057] A spring telescopic rod 422 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the trigger post 416, and the outer diameter of the spring telescopic rod 422 matches the inner diameter of the spiral groove 417 and the vertical groove 418. With the setting of the cleaning disc 413, when the upper loading disc 412 rotates to switch the blade head, it triggers the loading disc 412 to float up and down intermittently to clean the surface of the placed blade head.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the spiral groove 417 and the vertical groove 418 are arranged in a Y-shape. The depth of the spiral groove 417 gradually decreases from left to right, and the depth of the vertical groove 418 gradually decreases from top to bottom. This allows the spring telescopic rod 422 to slide stably in the vertical groove 418 and the spiral groove 417, driving the loading plate 412 to rotate and switch the cutter head.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the placement component 410 also includes a placement groove 423, which is opened on the loading tray 412. Several placement grooves 423 are arranged in a circular array at equal intervals. A rotating disk 424 is inserted into the inner wall of the placement groove 423. A shaft 425 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating disk 424. The shaft 425 has a teardrop-shaped cross-section. A drive gear 426 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shaft 425. A fixed toothed sleeve 427 is meshed on the side wall of the shaft 425. The fixed toothed sleeve 427 is installed on the base 411.

[0060] A pressing block 428 is attached to the side wall of the shaft 425 and is slidably connected to the loading plate 412. A pressing block 429 is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the loading plate 412, and a push plate 430 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the pressing block 429. The other end of the push plate 430 is slidably connected to the side wall of the pressing block 428. A lower pressure plate 431 is attached to the top of the pressing block 429 and the side wall of the lower pressure plate 431 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pressure sleeve 419. With the setting of the drive gear 426, when the loading plate 412 rotates, it can drive the rotating plate 424 to rotate, so that the material on the rotating plate 424 rotates synchronously, which facilitates the comprehensive cleaning of the blade.

[0061] In this embodiment, as Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the placement component 410 also includes a left pressure plate 432. The outer wall of the left pressure plate 432 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating disk 424. A moving groove is provided on the outer wall of the left pressure plate 432, and a telescopic plate 433 is inserted into the moving groove. The other end of the telescopic plate 433 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 434. The rotating shaft 434 is rotatably connected to the rotating disk 424. Two telescopic plates 433 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the rotating shaft 434, and a right pressure plate 435 is inserted into the front end of the other telescopic plate 433.

[0062] A gear 436 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 434, and a toothed plate 437 meshes on the outer wall of the gear 436. An L-shaped fastener 438 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the toothed plate 437, and the fastener 438 is slidably connected to the rotating disk 424. A telescopic spring rod is provided between the bottom of the toothed plate 437 and the top of the rotating disk 424.

[0063] The toothed plate 437 has an L-shaped structure, and a slanted groove is provided on the outer wall of the toothed plate 437. The slanted groove and the bottom protrusion of the lower clamping plate 48 are matched. The left and right rotation of the lower clamping plate 48 drives the toothed plate 437 to slide left and right. Thus, when the cutter head is released, the rotating disk 424 clamps the cutter head and places it.

[0064] The method of use and advantages of this invention: The working process of this five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool change is as follows:

[0065] like Figures 1 to 16 As shown, when it is necessary to replace the tool 3, the operator starts the device, and the mechanical arm 41 moves the mounting cavity 42 toward the tool holder 2. At this time, the upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48 on the mounting cavity 42 will fit against the tool holder 2 and the tool head respectively. Then the air rod 46 is activated. The air rod 46 drives the upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48 to rotate relative to each other through the upper telescopic rod 44 and the lower telescopic rod 47 on both sides. The trigger rod 496 on the upper clamping plate 45 moves from the inner groove 499 into the lower arc groove. In step 498, the trigger rod 496 moves forward and slides on the outer arc groove 495, pushing the arc frame 492 to rotate. As the arc frame 492 rotates, the clamping block 494 slides on the outer wall of the upper clamping plate 45, causing the clamping block 494 to move forward. At this time, the clamping block 494 on the upper clamping plate 45 is engaged in the notch on the outer wall of the tool holder 2. At the same time, the lower clamping plate will move out of the release groove 4911 and engage the clamping block 494 in the notch on the tool head.

[0066] At this time, the pneumatic rod 46 controls the upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48 to rotate continuously relative to each other, unscrewing the cutter head from the cutter handle 2. At this time, due to the misalignment between the release groove 4911 and the inner groove 499, when the upper clamping plate 45 rotates until the cutter head is unscrewed from the cutter handle 2, the trigger rod 496 in the upper clamping plate will move into the inner groove 499 at the other end. At this time, the trigger rod 496 moves backward and pushes the arc frame 492 to rotate in the opposite direction through the outer arc groove 495, thereby pulling the clamping block 494 out of the notch on the cutter handle 2, and disconnecting the upper clamping plate 45 from the cutter handle 2. However, due to the misalignment between the release groove 4911 and the inner groove 499, the trigger rod 496 on the lower clamping plate does not enter the release groove 4911 at this time. The cutter head is stuck between the lower clamping plate 48 and the upper clamping plate 45. At this time, the robotic arm 41 controls the mounting cavity 42 to move down and pull the cutter head away from the cutter handle 2.

[0067] As the cutting head is moved towards the loading plate 412 by the robotic arm 41, it is vertically inserted into the center of the transmission plate, penetrating the loading plate 412. At the same time, the lower clamping plate 48 is placed on the top of the toothed plate 437. Due to the squeezing force of the lower clamping plate 48, the toothed plate 437 pushes the buckle 438 down, and the buckle 438 is no longer in contact with the inner wall of the loading plate 412. At this time, the toothed plate 437 is unlocked. With the continuous movement of the lower clamping plate 48, the trigger rod 496 on the lower clamping plate 48 slides into the release groove 4911, and the clamping block 494 on the lower clamping plate 48 separates from the cutting head, thus unlocking the cutting head.

[0068] Simultaneously, when the lower clamping plate contacts the surface of the toothed plate 437, the protrusion at the bottom of the lower clamping plate 48 will insert into the inclined groove on the surface of the toothed plate 437, so that when the lower clamping plate 48 rotates to unload the cutter head, it can drive the toothed plate 437 to slide to the left. The toothed plate 437 moves to the left, driving the actuating gear 436 to rotate clockwise. The telescopic plate 433 at the front end of the actuating gear 436 will pull the left pressure plate 432 to move to the right, while the telescopic plate 433 at the rear end of the actuating gear 436 can pull the right pressure plate 435 to move to the left, so that the left pressure plate 432 and the right pressure plate 435 slide relative to each other. At the same time, the surfaces of the left pressure plate 432 and the right pressure plate 435 are made of rubber, which allows the cutter head to be clamped.

[0069] Subsequently, the robotic arm 41 moves the mounting cavity 42 upward, separating the upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48 from the old cutter head. At this time, the hydraulic pump 421 is activated, and the hydraulic pump 421 pushes the pressure sleeve 419 downward through the hydraulic rod 420. Since the spiral groove 417 and the vertical groove 418 are arranged in a Y-shape, and the depth of the spiral groove 417 gradually decreases from left to right, and the depth of the vertical groove 418 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the spring telescopic rod 422 on the pressure sleeve 419 slides downward from the deepest end of the spiral groove 417, pushing the trigger pin 416 to rotate the loading plate 412. At this time, the spring telescopic rod 422 will slide into the vertical groove 418. Then, the loading plate 412 will move the next new cutter head above the mounting cavity 42. Then, the mounting cavity 42 is moved downward, and the lower clamping plate 48 is once again aligned with the old cutter head. The toothed plate 437 is connected, and the lower clamping plate 48 is in contact with the side wall of the cutter head. When the lower clamping plate 48 and the upper clamping plate 45 are rotated in the opposite direction, the clamping block 494 on the lower clamping plate 48 will be pushed out and inserted into the cutter head to lock the cutter head. At the same time, the reverse rotation of the lower clamping plate 48 can push the left pressure plate 432 and the right pressure plate 435 to separate through the toothed plate 437, thus separating the cutter head. At this time, the robotic arm 41 moves the locked cutter head to the cutter handle 2 again, moves the cutter head and cutter handle 2 upward to align, and rotates the upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48 again to tighten the cutter head onto the cutter handle 2. At the same time, as mentioned above, due to the setting of the two sets of release grooves 4911 and inner grooves 499, the upper clamping plate 45 and the lower clamping plate 48 can be unlocked at the maximum position when they rotate in both directions, thus completing the entire installation process.

[0070] Meanwhile, as the loading tray 412 rotates, the small ball at the bottom of the loading tray 412 can squeeze the cleaning tray 413 to float up and down, cleaning the front end of the blade installed on the loading tray 412.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention do not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool change, comprising a machine tool body (1), characterized in that: The top of the machine tool body (1) is movably connected to a tool holder (2), and the outer wall of the tool holder (2) is provided with a number of equally spaced annular array notches. The tool holder (2) is internally threaded with a cutting tool (3), and the outer wall of the cutting tool (3) is provided with a notch of the same structure. The machine tool body (1) is provided with an installation mechanism (4) on one side. The installation mechanism (4) includes a robotic arm (41), the top end of which is fixedly connected to the top wall of the machine tool body (1), and the bottom end of the robotic arm (41) is hinged to an installation cavity (42). A sliding groove (43) is provided on the inner wall of the installation cavity (42). An upper telescopic rod (44) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity (42). An upper clamping plate (45) is fixedly connected to the front end of the upper telescopic rod (44), and a pneumatic rod (46) is connected to the bottom end of the upper telescopic rod (44). A lower telescopic rod (47) is hinged to the other end of the pneumatic rod (46), and a lower clamping plate (48) is fixedly connected to the front end of the lower telescopic rod (47). The upper clamping plate (45) and the lower clamping plate (48) are arranged on the same axis. The lower clamping plate (48) is provided with a control component (49), and a placement component (410) is provided on one side of the robotic arm (41). The control component (49) includes an inner groove (491), which is opened on the upper clamping plate (45). An arc-shaped frame (492) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove (491). Several inner arc-shaped grooves (493) are opened on the inner wall of the arc-shaped frame (492), and clamping blocks (494) are slidably connected to the several inner arc-shaped grooves (493). The outer walls of the several clamping blocks (494) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper clamping plate (45). The bottom end of the arc-shaped frame (492) is provided with an outer arc-shaped groove (495), and a trigger rod (496) is slidably connected to the bottom end of the outer arc-shaped groove (495). A reset chamber (497) is attached to the side wall of the trigger rod (496), and a reset spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reset chamber (497). The front end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the trigger rod (496). The lower clamping plate (48) has the same structure as the upper clamping plate (45); The outer diameter of the clamping block (494) matches the inner diameter of the recess, and a plurality of clamping blocks (494) are provided corresponding to a plurality of recesses; The control component (49) also includes a lower arc groove (498), which is formed on the lower clamping plate (48). The lower arc groove (498) has an inner groove (499) at its end and an inner groove (499) with the same structure at its center. The inner groove (499) is a trapezoidal structure. The bottom end of the upper clamping plate (45) is provided with an upper arc groove (4910), and the end of the upper arc groove (4910) is provided with a release groove (4911). The other side of the upper arc groove (4910) is provided with a release groove (4911) with the same structure. The release groove (4911) and the inner groove (499) are staggered. The upper arc groove (4910) and the lower arc groove (498) are distributed in a concentric circle structure.

2. The five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool change according to claim 1, characterized in that: The placement component (410) includes a base (411), the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the top end of the machine tool body (1). The top end of the base (411) is rotatably connected to a loading tray (412) via a bearing. A compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the base (411), and a cleaning tray (413) is fixedly connected to the top end of the compression spring. A cleaning cloth is provided on the outer wall of the cleaning tray (413). A number of slots (414) arranged in a circular array are equally spaced on the top end of the cleaning tray (413). A ball (415) is inserted into the top end of each of the slots (414), and the top end of each ball (415) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cleaning tray (413). The top of the loading tray (412) is fixedly connected to a trigger post (416). The outer wall of the trigger post (416) is provided with a number of spiral grooves (417) arranged in a circular array at equal intervals. The spiral grooves (417) are connected to each other by vertical grooves (418). The vertical grooves (418) are opened on the outer wall of the trigger post (416). A pressure sleeve (419) is fitted on the outer wall of the trigger post (416). The top of the pressure sleeve (419) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic rod (420). The top of the hydraulic rod (420) is connected to a hydraulic pump (421). The hydraulic pump (421) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the machine tool body (1). A spring telescopic rod (422) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the trigger post (416), and the outer diameter of the spring telescopic rod (422) matches the inner diameter of the spiral groove (417) and the vertical groove (418).

3. A five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool change according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral groove (417) and the vertical groove (418) are arranged in a Y-shape, and the spiral groove (417) gradually becomes shallower from left to right, and the vertical groove (418) gradually becomes shallower from top to bottom.

4. A five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool change according to claim 2, characterized in that: The placement component (410) also includes a placement groove (423), which is opened on the loading tray (412). Several placement grooves (423) are arranged in a circular array at equal intervals. A rotating disk (424) is inserted into the inner wall of the placement groove (423). A shaft (425) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating disk (424). The shaft (425) has a teardrop-shaped cross section. A drive gear (426) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shaft (425). A fixed toothed sleeve (427) is meshed on the side wall of the shaft (425). The fixed toothed sleeve (427) is installed on the base (411). A pressing block (428) is attached to the side wall of the shaft (425), and the pressing block (428) is slidably connected to the tray (412). A pressing block (429) is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the tray (412), and a push plate (430) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the pressing block (429). The other end of the push plate (430) is slidably connected to the side wall of the pressing block (428). A lower pressure plate (431) is attached to the top of the pressing block (429), and the side wall of the lower pressure plate (431) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pressure sleeve (419).

5. A five-axis linkage machine tool with automatic tool change according to claim 4, characterized in that: The placement component (410) also includes a left pressure plate (432). The outer wall of the left pressure plate (432) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating disk (424). A moving groove is provided on the outer wall of the left pressure plate (432), and a telescopic plate (433) is inserted into the moving groove. A rotating shaft (434) is fixedly connected to the other end of the telescopic plate (433). The rotating shaft (434) is rotatably connected to the rotating disk (424). Two telescopic plates (433) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the rotating shaft (434), and a right pressure plate (435) is inserted into the front end of the other telescopic plate (433). The top end of the rotating shaft (434) is fixedly connected to a gear (436), and a toothed plate (437) meshes on the outer wall of the gear (436). The bottom end of the toothed plate (437) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped buckle (438), and the buckle (438) is slidably connected to the rotating disk (424). A telescopic spring rod is provided between the bottom end of the toothed plate (437) and the top end of the rotating disk (424). The toothed plate (437) is designed in an L-shape, and a slanted groove is provided on the outer wall of the toothed plate (437).

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