Composite material barrel and forming method of composite material barrel

Abstract

The invention relates to a packaging and transporting material, in particular to a composite material barrel and a forming method of the composite material barrel, the side wall of the barrel comprises an anti-scratching layer, a structural layer, a heat preservation layer and an outer skin layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside and connected with one another, the structural layer is formed by winding carbon fibers on a mold, and the outer skin layer is formed by winding carbon fibers on the mold. The tension of the carbon fibers wound on the mold is gradually reduced from the outer layer to the inner layer, the mold is in a circular truncated cone shape, the taper of the mold is 0.00072, the curing temperature of the structural layer is 135 DEG C, the curing temperature of the reinforcing ribs is 90 DEG C, and the cooling rate of the structural layer and the reinforcing ribs is not larger than 15 DEG C / h. The winding tension in the forming process is controlled, the prestress of the structural layer is reduced, the structural layer obtains the stable size, the inner diameter size of the structural layer can be stabilized within the required tolerance range, and the size precision of the composite material barrel is improved under the condition that the size is large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a packaging and transportation material, and particularly to a composite material cylinder and a forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, more and more composite materials are applied to the aerospace industry. In the field of packaging and transportation, more and more devices choose composite materials for forming, and a typical one is a cylinder device formed by winding. During the forming process of a large composite material cylinder, due to the large overall size and demolding considerations, the inner diameter tolerance of the cylinder is generally required to be relatively loose, and it is difficult to achieve high-precision forming. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite material cylinder with relatively high forming precision and a forming method thereof.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A composite material cylinder of the present invention, the side wall of the cylinder includes an anti-scratch layer, a structural layer, a heat-insulating layer, and an outer skin layer which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside and are connected to each other. The structural layer is formed by winding carbon fiber on a mold, and the tension of the carbon fiber wound on the mold decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer.

[0006] Further, the mold is frustum-shaped, and the taper of the mold is 0.00072.

[0007] Further, it further includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the structural layer, and the reinforcing ribs are integrally formed with the structural layer.

[0008] Further, the curing temperature of the structural layer is 135 °C, the curing temperature of the reinforcing ribs is 90 °C, and the cooling rate of the structural layer and the reinforcing ribs is not greater than 15 °C / h.

[0009] Further, the structural layer and the anti-scratch layer are co-cured and connected into one body.

[0010] Further, the anti-scratch layer includes 56% - 64% of high-silica glass fiber and 36% - 44% of phenolic resin, and the above are mass percentages.

[0011] Further, the heat-insulating layer is made of polyurethane foam.

[0012] Further, the heat-insulating layer is foamed and formed on the structural layer.

[0013] Further, the outer skin layer is a carbon fiber prepreg, and the outer skin layer is co-cured and connected with the heat-insulating layer.

[0014] A forming method of a composite material cylinder. The side wall of the cylinder comprises a scratch-resistant layer, a structure layer, a heat-insulating layer and an outer skin layer which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside and are connected to each other. Reinforcing ribs are arranged on the structure layer. The structure layer is a carbon fiber prepreg. The structure layer is formed by winding carbon fibers on a mold. The tension of the carbon fibers wound on the mold decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer. The mold is frustum-shaped, and the taper of the mold is 0.00072. During curing, the curing temperature of the structure layer is 135°C, and the curing temperature at the position of the reinforcing ribs is 90°C. The cooling rate of the structure layer and the reinforcing ribs is not greater than 15°C / h.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the composite material cylinder of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] For a composite material cylinder of the present invention, since the structure layer is formed by winding carbon fibers on a mold, and the tension of the carbon fibers wound on the mold decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer, by controlling the winding tension during the forming process, the prestress of the structure layer is reduced, so that the structure layer obtains a relatively stable size. The inner diameter size of the structure layer can be stably within the required tolerance range. In the case of a large volume, the dimensional accuracy of the composite material cylinder of the present invention is improved, and high-precision small-gap fitting and docking between cylinders can be realized, greatly reducing the cylinder size, and enabling multi-product side-by-side transportation of products installed in the cylinder by an ordinary transport vehicle.

[0017] The following further describes the composite material cylinder of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the composite material cylinder of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the side wall of the composite material cylinder of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown in the figure, a composite material cylinder of the present invention has an annular cross-section. The side wall of the cylinder includes an anti-scratch layer 11, a structural layer 12, a heat-insulating layer 13, and an outer skin layer 14, which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside and are connected to each other. The anti-scratch layer 11 is located in the innermost layer and can adapt to the sliding and scratching along the cylinder wall when the product enters and exits the cylinder. The structural layer 12 is the main load-bearing part of the cylinder and has good rigidity and strength. The structural layer 12 is a carbon fiber prepreg, and the structural layer 12 is formed by winding carbon fiber on a mold. The tension of the carbon fiber wound on the mold decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer. For the composite material cylinder of the present invention, since the structural layer 12 is formed by winding carbon fiber on a mold and the tension of the carbon fiber wound on the mold decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer, by controlling the winding tension during the forming process, the prestress of the structural layer 12 is reduced, so that the structural layer 12 obtains a relatively stable size. The inner diameter size of the structural layer 12 can be stably within the required tolerance range. In the case of a large volume, the dimensional accuracy of the composite material cylinder of the present invention is improved, and high-precision small-gap fitting and docking between cylinders can be realized, greatly reducing the cylinder size, and enabling multi-product side-by-side transportation of the products installed in the cylinder by ordinary transport vehicles.

[0021] Optionally, the mold is frustum-shaped, and the taper of the mold is 0.00072. To achieve high-precision forming of the cylinder, fully considering the thermal expansion coefficients of carbon fiber and epoxy resin, comprehensively estimating the winding tension shrinkage and the thermal expansion amount of the mold due to heat, in this embodiment, with a cylinder wall thickness of 6 mm as a reference design, the thermal expansion coefficient of carbon fiber is -0.5×10-6 in the parallel fiber direction and 22×10-6 in the perpendicular fiber direction, and the thermal expansion coefficient of epoxy resin is 60×10-6. A high-precision winding mold with a small taper is set. The length of the mold is 11 m, and the diameter difference between the front and rear ends is less than 0.8 mm. The taper of the mold is about 0.00072. Through the mold with a small taper, the forming stability of the structural layer 12 is further improved, and the dimensional accuracy of the composite material cylinder of the present invention is enhanced.

[0022] Optionally, it further includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs 121. The reinforcing ribs 121 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the length direction of the structural layer 12. The reinforcing ribs 121 are integrally formed with the structural layer 12, and the strength of the structural layer 12 is increased through the reinforcing ribs 121. The metal inserts are connected to the reinforcing ribs 121 according to the interface requirements.

[0023] Optionally, during the forming process, the curing temperature of the structural layer 12 is 135°C, and the curing temperature at the position of the reinforcing ribs 121 is 90°C. The cooling rate of the structural layer 12 and the reinforcing ribs 121 is not greater than 15°C / h. The curing temperature of the structural layer 12 is 135°C. The wall thickness at the position of the reinforcing ribs 121 is relatively thick, and the curing temperature of 90°C is selected at the position of the reinforcing ribs 121 to form a temperature gradient during the curing process. When cooling, the cooling rate is not greater than 15°C / h, ensuring that the thermal stress is sufficiently released during the forming process and further ensuring the dimensional stability of the structural layer 12 after demolding.

[0024] Optionally, the structural layer 12 and the scratch-resistant layer 11 are co-cured and connected as a whole.

[0025] Optionally, the scratch-resistant layer 11 comprises 56% - 64% of high silica glass fiber and 36% - 44% of phenolic resin, and the above are mass percentages. Specifically, the scratch-resistant layer 11 is laid with prepreg and formed by autoclave molding, with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0026] Optionally, the heat-insulating layer 13 is made of polyurethane foam. The heat-insulating layer 13 is foam-molded on the structural layer 12, and the foam density is 0.04 - 0.06 g / cm 3 。

[0027] Optionally, the outer skin layer 14 is a carbon fiber prepreg, and the outer skin layer 14 is co-cured and connected with the heat-insulating layer 13. The outer skin layer 14 is the outermost layer of the cylinder and plays a role in shaping, with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0028] For a forming method of a composite material cylinder of the present invention, the side wall of the cylinder comprises a scratch-resistant layer 11, a structural layer 12, a heat-insulating layer 13, and an outer skin layer 14 which are arranged in sequence from inside to outside and connected to each other. A reinforcing rib 121 is arranged on the structural layer 12. The structural layer 12 is a carbon fiber prepreg. The structural layer 12 is formed by winding carbon fibers on a mold. The tension of the carbon fibers wound on the mold decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer. The mold is frustum-shaped, and the taper of the mold is 0.00072. During curing, the curing temperature of the structural layer 12 is 135 °C, and the curing temperature at the position of the reinforcing rib 121 is 90 °C. The cooling rate of the structural layer 12 and the reinforcing rib 121 is not greater than 15 °C / h.

[0029] The above-described embodiments are merely descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite material cylinder, characterized in that: The side wall of the cylinder comprises an anti-scratch layer (11), a structural layer (12), a thermal insulation layer (13), and an outer skin layer (14) which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside and connected to each other. The structural layer (12) is formed by winding carbon fibers on a mold, and the tension of the carbon fibers wound on the mold decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer.

2. The composite material cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold is in a truncated cone shape, and the taper of the mold is 0.00072.

3. The composite material cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a plurality of reinforcing ribs (121), wherein the reinforcing ribs (121) are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the length direction of the structural layer (12), and the reinforcing ribs (121) and the structural layer (12) are integrally formed.

4. The composite material cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The curing temperature of the structural layer (12) is 135° C., the curing temperature of the reinforcing ribs (121) is 90° C., and the cooling rates of the structural layer (12) and the reinforcing ribs (121) are not greater than 15° C. / h.

5. The composite material cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The structural layer (12) and the anti-scratch layer (11) are co-cured and connected as one body.

6. The composite material cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anti-scratch layer (11) comprises 56% to 64% of high-silica glass fiber and 36% to 44% of phenolic resin, the above percentages being by mass.

7. The composite material cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer (13) is made of polyurethane foam.

8. The composite material cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer (13) is foamed on the structural layer (12).

9. The composite material cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer skin layer (14) is a carbon fiber prepreg, and the outer skin layer (14) is co-cured and connected with the thermal insulation layer (13).

10. A method for forming a composite material cylinder, characterized in that: The side wall of the cylinder comprises an anti-scratch layer (11), a structural layer (12), a thermal insulation layer (13), and an outer skin layer (14) which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside and connected to each other. A reinforcing rib (121) is arranged on the structural layer (12). The structural layer (12) is a carbon fiber prepreg. The structural layer (12) is formed by winding carbon fiber on a mold. The tension of the carbon fiber wound on the mold decreases from the outer layer to the inner layer. The mold is truncated cone-shaped. The taper of the mold is 0.00072. During curing, the curing temperature of the structural layer (12) is 135°C, and the curing temperature at the position of the reinforcing rib (121) is 90°C. The cooling rate of the structural layer (12) and the reinforcing rib (121) is not greater than 15°C / h.

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