Low-temperature-resistant, anti-aging, anti-fracture, high-strength and flexible PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foaming material

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant, anti-aging, anti-fracture, high-strength and flexible PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foaming material which mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, 40-50 parts of a plasticizer, 2-3 parts of a foaming agent, 2-3.5 parts of a stabilizer, 1.5-2 parts of an anti-aging agent, 8-12 parts of reinforced fibers and 1-1.5 parts of other auxiliaries. The PVC foaming material is excellent in low-temperature performance, and is good in flexibility, free of brittle rupture, high in tensile strength retention rate, obviously improved in impact strength and low in compression permanent deformation rate in an environment of-20 DEG C to-30 DEG C. The anti-aging performance is good, after 500-800 hours of aging test or natural exposure for 1 year, the surface has no obvious change, and the mechanical property and the hardness change are small. The anti-fracture performance is excellent, the elongation at break, the tensile strength, the tearing strength and other indexes all reach high numerical values, the overall performance is far better than that of a traditional material, and the application value is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and particularly to a high-strength flexible PVC foam material with low-temperature resistance, anti-aging property, and fracture prevention. Background Art

[0002] PVC foam materials are widely used in fields such as construction, packaging, and automotive interiors due to their advantages of light weight, heat insulation, and sound insulation. However, traditional PVC foam materials significantly decrease in flexibility and strength in low-temperature environments, and are prone to brittle cracking, seriously affecting their service life and application scope.

[0003] Meanwhile, during long-term use, affected by factors such as ultraviolet rays and oxygen, the material is prone to aging, resulting in performance degradation. Therefore, developing a high-strength flexible PVC foam material with low-temperature resistance, anti-aging property, and fracture prevention has important practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, through components such as springs, connecting rods, and sliders, when vibration stress is transmitted to the insertion rod, the spring absorbs impact energy through elastic deformation, reducing the load transmitted to the threaded rod and avoiding affecting the installation stability of the cutter blade.

[0006] (II) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: It is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, 40 - 50 parts of plasticizer, 2 - 3 parts of foaming agent, 2 - 3.5 parts of stabilizer, 1.5 - 2 parts of anti-aging agent, 8 - 12 parts of reinforcing fiber, and 1 - 1.5 parts of other additives.

[0008] Preferably, the plasticizer is one or a combination of more than one of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), polyester plasticizer, and epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer.

[0009] Preferably, the foaming agent is one or a combination of more than one of azodicarbonamide (AC), sodium bicarbonate, and N,N'-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (DPT).

[0010] Preferably, the stabilizer is one or a combination of more than one of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, organotin stabilizer, and barium-cadmium-zinc composite stabilizer.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-aging agent is one or a combination of more than one of hindered amines, ultraviolet absorbers, and antioxidants.

[0012] Preferably, the reinforcing fiber is one or a combination of glass fiber, carbon fiber, and aramid fiber, and the fiber length is 3-5 mm.

[0013] A method for preparing the high-strength flexible PVC foam material with low-temperature resistance, anti-aging property, and fracture prevention according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by comprising the following steps;

[0014] S1. Mix PVC resin, plasticizer, stabilizer, anti-aging agent, and other additives evenly in a mixing device to obtain a premix.

[0015] S2. Add the premix into an extruder and melt and plasticize it at a temperature of 150-190 °C.

[0016] S3. During the extrusion process, add a blowing agent and a reinforcing fiber through a specific device to make them evenly dispersed in the material.

[0017] S4. After the material is extruded through a die, foam molding is carried out at a specific temperature and pressure to obtain the PVC foam material.

[0018] Preferably, the mixing device is one or a combination of a high-speed mixer and a kneader, and the extruder is one of a twin-screw extruder and a single-screw extruder.

[0019] Preferably, the specific device is a metering device for precisely controlling the addition amounts of the blowing agent and the reinforcing fiber.

[0020] Preferably, the application of the high-strength flexible PVC foam material with low-temperature resistance, anti-aging property, and fracture prevention according to any one of claims 1-6 in the fields of construction, packaging, and automotive interiors.

[0021] (III) Beneficial effects

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a high-strength flexible PVC foam material with low-temperature resistance, anti-aging property, and fracture prevention, having the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Excellent low-temperature resistance: For example, 50 parts of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) plasticizer are used in Example 1 to effectively reduce the forces between PVC molecules. This allows the molecular chains of the material to maintain a certain degree of activity in a low-temperature environment, giving the material good flexibility. Example 1 has no brittle cracking in the bending test at -20°C, and the tensile strength retention rate is over 80%; Example 2 still has good flexibility at -30°C, and the impact strength is more than 50% higher than that of traditional PVC foam materials; Example 3 has a compression permanent deformation rate of less than 10% at -25°C, showing good low-temperature resilience. This outstanding low-temperature resistance greatly broadens the application range of the material, allowing it to function stably in areas such as construction in cold regions, outdoor packaging, and low-temperature starting components for automobiles.

[0024] 2. Significant anti-aging performance: The added anti-aging agents are diverse and effective. Anti-aging agents such as hindered amines, UV absorbers, and antioxidants can inhibit material aging from different mechanisms. Taking Example 1 as an example, after 500 hours of UV aging test, there is no obvious discoloration, cracking or other aging phenomena on the surface of the material, and the mechanical properties remain basically unchanged; Example 2 was exposed to the natural environment for 1 year, and the tensile strength decreased by less than 10%; Example 3 was subjected to 800 hours of thermal oxygen aging test, and the hardness change rate was less than 5%. This means that during the long-term use of the material, whether it is exposed to ultraviolet radiation or thermal oxygen erosion, the rate of performance degradation is greatly slowed down, which greatly extends the service life of the material and reduces the cost of replacement and maintenance. It is especially suitable for scenes such as building exterior wall decoration for long-term outdoor use and long-term exposed parts of automobiles.

[0025] 3. Excellent anti-fracture performance: The addition of reinforcing fibers plays a key role in improving the anti-fracture performance of the material. Reinforcing fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, and aramid fiber are evenly dispersed in the material, just like building a solid skeleton inside the material. The elongation at break of the material in Example 1 reaches more than 200%, the tensile strength of Example 2 reaches more than 30MPa, and the tear strength of Example 3 reaches more than 50kN / m. These data show that when the material is subjected to external force, it can effectively disperse stress, prevent the generation and expansion of cracks, and avoid easy breakage of the material. This property enables the material to perform well in applications that are subjected to greater pressure, tension or impact, such as buffer components of building structures, protection of fragile items by packaging materials, etc.

[0026] 4. Good high-strength flexibility balance: The formulation and process of the present invention achieve a good balance between high strength and flexibility of the material. The plasticizer improves flexibility, and the reinforcing fibers enhance strength, and the two work synergistically. The material not only has sufficient strength to withstand various external forces but also has flexibility to adapt to different usage scenarios and deformation requirements. In the construction field, it can be used to manufacture lightweight structural materials that need to bear a certain weight and have a certain degree of bendability; in automotive interiors, it can be made into components that have a comfortable touch and sufficient strength to prevent damage. This unique combination of properties enables innovative applications of the material in many fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is an experimental data diagram of the high-strength flexible PVC foaming material with low-temperature resistance, anti-aging, and anti-fracture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the orientations such as "upper and lower" are generally in the directions shown in the drawings, or in the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational directions; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left and right" are generally with respect to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself, but the above orientation terms do not limit the present invention.

[0029] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Raw material formulation (parts by weight):

[0032] PVC resin: 100 parts

[0033] Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) plasticizer: 50 parts

[0034] Azodicarbonamide (AC) blowing agent: 3 parts

[0035] Calcium-zinc composite stabilizer: 3 parts

[0036] Anti-aging agent (hindered amine type): 2 parts

[0037] Glass fiber (length 3 mm): 10 parts

[0038] Lubricant: 1 part

[0039] Preparation process:

[0040] Mix the PVC resin, DOP plasticizer, calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, anti-aging agent, and lubricant evenly in a high-speed mixer to obtain a premix.

[0041] Add the premix to a twin-screw extruder and melt and plasticize it at a temperature of 160 - 180 °C.

[0042] Add AC blowing agent and glass fiber at appropriate positions of the extruder, and make them evenly dispersed in the material through the shearing action of the screw.

[0043] After the material is extruded through the die, it is foamed and molded at a specific temperature and pressure to obtain a PVC foamed material.

[0044] Performance test:

[0045] Low-temperature performance: In an environment of -20 °C, the material has good flexibility, no brittle cracking phenomenon in the bending test, and the tensile strength retention rate reaches over 80%.

[0046] Anti-aging performance: After 500 hours of ultraviolet aging test, there are no obvious aging phenomena such as color change and cracking on the material surface, and the mechanical properties basically remain unchanged.

[0047] Anti-fracture performance: The elongation at break of the material reaches over 200%, and it has good anti-fracture performance.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Raw material formula (parts by weight):

[0050] PVC resin: 100 parts

[0051] Polyester plasticizer: 40 parts

[0052] Sodium bicarbonate blowing agent: 2 parts

[0053] Organotin stabilizer: 2 parts

[0054] Anti-aging agent (ultraviolet absorber): 1.5 parts

[0055] Carbon fiber (length 5 mm): 8 parts

[0056] Processing aid: 1.5 parts

[0057] Preparation process:

[0058] First, mix PVC resin, polyester plasticizer, organotin stabilizer, anti-aging agent, and processing aid in a kneader, heat up to 120 °C, and knead for 30 minutes.

[0059] Add the kneaded material to a single-screw extruder and carry out plasticizing extrusion at a temperature of 170 - 190 °C.

[0060] During the extrusion process, add sodium bicarbonate blowing agent and carbon fiber through a metering device to make them evenly distributed in the material.

[0061] After the material is extruded, it is cooled, pulled, and cut to obtain PVC foam material.

[0062] Performance test:

[0063] Low-temperature performance: In an environment of -30°C, the material still has good flexibility, and the impact strength is more than 50% higher than that of traditional PVC foam materials.

[0064] Anti-aging performance: After being exposed in the natural environment for 1 year, the decline in the tensile strength of the material is less than 10%, showing good anti-aging performance.

[0065] Anti-fracture performance: The tensile strength of the material reaches more than 30 MPa, having excellent anti-fracture performance.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] Raw material formula (parts by weight):

[0068] PVC resin: 100 parts

[0069] Epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer: 45 parts

[0070] N,N'-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (DPT) foaming agent: 2.5 parts

[0071] Barium-cadmium-zinc composite stabilizer: 2.5 parts

[0072] Anti-aging agent (antioxidant): 2 parts

[0073] Aramid fiber (length 4 mm): 12 parts

[0074] Filler (calcium carbonate): 5 parts

[0075] Preparation process:

[0076] Mix PVC resin, epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer, barium-cadmium-zinc composite stabilizer, anti-aging agent, and filler in a high-speed mixer for 15 minutes.

[0077] Put the mixed material into a mixer and knead it at 150 - 170°C for 10 minutes.

[0078] The kneaded material is kneaded on a two-roll mill at about 160°C, then add DPT foaming agent and aramid fiber, and continue to knead evenly.

[0079] The kneaded material is foamed and formed by a flat vulcanizing machine at a certain temperature and pressure to obtain PVC foam material.

[0080] Performance test:

[0081] Low-temperature performance: At -25°C, the compression set rate of the material is less than 10%, and it has good low-temperature resilience.

[0082] Anti-aging performance: After 800 hours of thermal-oxidative aging test, the hardness change rate of the material is less than 5%, indicating its excellent anti-aging performance.

[0083] Anti-fracture performance: The tear strength of the material reaches more than 50 kN / m, effectively preventing the material from cracking during use.

Claims

1. A high-strength, flexible PVC foam material that is resistant to low temperature, aging and fracture, characterized in that: The invention mainly consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, 40-50 parts of plasticizer, 2-3 parts of foaming agent, 2-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 1.5-2 parts of anti-aging agent, 8-12 parts of reinforcing fiber and 1-1.5 parts of other auxiliary agents.

2. The high-strength, flexible PVC foam material that is resistant to low temperature, aging and fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is one or more combinations of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), polyester plasticizer, and epoxy soybean oil plasticizer.

3. The high-strength flexible PVC foam material that is resistant to low temperature, aging and fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent is one or more combinations of azodicarbonamide (AC), sodium bicarbonate, and N,N'-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (DPT).

4. The high-strength flexible PVC foam material that is resistant to low temperature, aging and fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer is one or more combinations of a calcium zinc composite stabilizer, an organic tin stabilizer, and a barium cadmium zinc composite stabilizer.

5. The high-strength flexible PVC foam material that is resistant to low temperature, aging and fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-aging agent is one or more combinations of hindered amines, ultraviolet absorbers and antioxidants.

6. The low-temperature-resistant, aging-resistant and fracture-resistant high-strength flexible PVC foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing fibers are one or more combinations of glass fibers, carbon fibers, and aramid fibers, and the fiber length is 3-5 mm.

7. A method for preparing the low temperature resistant, aging resistant and fracture resistant high strength flexible PVC foam material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Mix PVC resin, plasticizer, stabilizer, anti-aging agent and other additives in a mixing device to obtain a premix; S2, adding the premix into the extruder, and melting and plasticizing at a temperature of 150-190°C; S3. During the extrusion process, the foaming agent and reinforcing fibers are added through a specific device to be evenly dispersed in the material; S4, after the material is extruded through a die, it is foamed and formed at a specific temperature and pressure to obtain the PVC foam material.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing equipment is one or a combination of a high-speed mixer and a kneader, and the extruder is one of a twin-screw extruder and a single-screw extruder.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific device is a metering device, which is used to accurately control the addition amount of the foaming agent and the reinforcing fiber.

10. Application of the low-temperature resistant, aging-resistant and fracture-resistant high-strength flexible PVC foam material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the fields of construction, packaging and automobile interior decoration.

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