Gasification burner and gasification method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a gasification burner and a gasification method thereof. The gasification burner sequentially comprises an ignition fuel channel, an inner ring gasification channel, an outer ring gasification channel and a raw material powder channel from inside to outside, and an ignition mechanism is arranged at the ignition position. And each channel is provided with a stop valve, a regulating valve and a flowmeter, so that the accurate flow proportioning of the gasifying agent and the raw material powder is realized. A spiral spoiler is arranged in each channel, the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel is gradually shrunk, and the outlet of the outer ring is an inclined opening. The raw material powder inlet channel is inclined. The gasification method forms different flames in stages, and the flow field and the temperature field are changed by adjusting the flow of the gasification agent. When the raw material powder flow is abnormal, related valves are cut off, adjustment is conducted again, and fuzzy control is applied to adjustment. According to the invention, the treatment capacity for special raw materials such as biomass powder is enhanced, the stability of dry powder conveying is ensured, the number of times of shutdown of the gasification furnace is reduced, the gasification reaction efficiency and stability are improved, and the adaptability to different raw materials is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of renewable energy utilization, and more specifically, to a gasification burner and a gasification method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the current energy conversion field, entrained-bed gasification technology has become the mainstream gasification technology due to its significant advantages such as high gasification pressure, high reaction temperature, fast reaction rate, no tar in gas products, high gasification efficiency, large production capacity and easy large-scale operation. It has great application potential in the field of green methanol from biomass. Entrained-bed gasification technology is divided into two ways: water slurry feeding and dry powder feeding. Biomass has a fibrous structure, and the powder particles made from it are mostly needle-shaped or flake-shaped, with irregular shapes, which are quite different from ideal spherical particles. This makes the fluidity of biomass powder poor. In view of the strong water absorption and poor slurry properties of biomass, when it is applied to entrained-bed gasification technology, it usually adopts the feeding method of dry powder pneumatic conveying.

[0003] However, there are many thorny problems in the process of dry powder pneumatic conveying of biomass. The flow stability of dry powder pneumatic conveying plays a decisive role in the safe and stable operation of the gasifier. Once the flow fluctuates, it will cause the instability of the furnace temperature, which will affect the quality of the product gas, resulting in poor slag discharge or even slag blockage. More seriously, if some powder conveying pipelines are blocked and the flow is cut off, it may cause dangerous conditions of over-oxygenation and over-temperature in the gasifier, and in extreme cases, it may cause explosion accidents.

[0004] In the face of the dry powder delivery pipeline interruption problem, the current dry powder fluidized flow gasifier technology generally adopts the interlocking shutdown method. Although this method can ensure that the gasifier avoids over-oxygenation and over-temperature and ensures safe operation, for biomass powder that is very easy to block and interrupt the flow, frequent gasifier trips will bring huge economic losses, seriously restricting the development of the biomass green methanol industry.

[0005] For example, in the invention patent with publication number CN118360082A, the gasification burner disclosed therein includes a first ejection component, a second ejection component and other parts. By setting up structures such as a disturbance cavity and a swirl device, the problems of uneven fuel ejection and insufficient mixing of the combustion aid and the fuel are solved to a certain extent, providing a new idea for the design of the gasification burner. However, the gasification burner does not mention a targeted solution to the problem of dry powder delivery pipeline interruption, and may have limitations in adapting to different raw material feeding conditions, especially special materials such as biomass powder. Its structural design and functional realization mainly focus on the mixing and combustion process of the fuel and the combustion aid, and insufficient consideration is given to the stability of the raw material feed and the complex influence of the raw material characteristics on the gasification process.

[0006] Meanwhile, the performance of the dry powder entrained flow gasification burner also urgently needs to be improved. There are deficiencies in the existing gasification burners in many aspects: First, the means of regulating the gasification flow field and reaction are limited. It is impossible to accurately adjust the flow rate of the gasifying agent according to the change of the raw material powder flow rate, and it is difficult to ensure the stable and efficient progress of the gasification reaction. Second, the cooling structure lacks effectiveness and is easily damaged in a high-temperature environment, shortening the service life of the gasification burner. Third, the internal flow channel design is unreasonable and cannot promote the full mixing of the raw material powder and the gasifying agent, reducing the gasification reaction efficiency. Fourth, the outlet structure is not conducive to forming a good flame shape and stable flow field and temperature field, having a negative impact on the gasification effect. Summary of the Invention

[0007] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a gasification burner that enhances the processing ability of special raw materials such as biomass powder, ensures the stability of dry powder transportation, reduces the number of trips of the gasification furnace, reduces economic losses, and at the same time comprehensively improves the gasification reaction efficiency and gasification effect.

[0009] To achieve these and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a gasification burner which is successively sleeved from the inside to the outside with: An ignition fuel passage for transporting ignition fuel; An inner ring gasification passage which is communicated with an inner ring gasification inlet passage to transport a combustion-supporting agent or an inner ring gasifying agent, and; An outer ring gasification passage which is communicated with an outer ring gasification inlet passage to transport an outer ring gasifying agent; and A raw material powder passage provided with a plurality of raw material powder inlet passages communicating with the raw material powder passage to transport raw material powder; Wherein, an ignition mechanism is provided at the ignition point of the ignition fuel passage or the inner ring gasification passage.

[0010] Preferably, a raw material powder cut-off valve and a raw material powder flow meter are provided on any one of the raw material powder inlet passages; an inner ring cut-off valve, an inner ring regulating valve and an inner ring flow meter are successively provided on the inner ring gasification inlet passage, and an outer ring cut-off valve, an outer ring regulating valve and an outer ring flow meter are successively provided on the outer ring gasification inlet passage, such that the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any one of the normally operating raw material powder inlet passages to the total raw material powder flow rate in all the normally operating raw material powder inlet passages.

[0011] Preferably, the gasification burner further includes an inner ring cooling water passage sleeved between the inner ring gasification passage and the outer ring gasification passage, and an outer ring cooling water passage sleeved outside the raw material powder passage.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of spiral first spoiler vanes are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the raw material powder channel, a plurality of spiral second spoiler vanes are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the inner ring gasification channel, and a plurality of spiral third spoiler vanes are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the outer ring gasification channel; wherein, the setting rules of the first spoiler vanes are as follows: When the average particle size of the raw material powder particles is less than 30 μm, the height of the first spoiler vane is 8-10 mm, the spacing is 25-30 mm, the width is 10-15 mm, and the spiral angle is 15-20°; When 30 μm ≤ the average particle size of the raw material powder particles < 50 μm, the height of the first spoiler vane is 11-13 mm, the spacing is 31-35 mm, the width is 16-18 mm, and the spiral angle is 21-35°; When the average particle size of the raw material powder particles ≥ 50 μm, the height of the first spoiler vane is 14-16 mm, the spacing is 36-40 mm, the width is 10-15 mm, and the spiral angle is 36-45°; The height of the second spoiler vane is 12-18 mm, the spacing is 20-30 mm, the width is 15-18 mm, and the spiral angle is 30-45°; The height of the third spoiler vane is 8-13 mm, the spacing is 25-35 mm, the width is 10-16 mm, and the spiral angle is 20-35°.

[0013] Preferably, the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel is of a tapered type; the outlet of the outer ring gasification channel is provided with an inclined opening inclined towards the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel, and the included angle between the inclined opening and the vertical direction is 30-60°.

[0014] Preferably, a spiral pipe extending to the outlet of the gasification burner is provided in the raw material powder channel, and any raw material powder inlet channel is communicated with the spiral pipe.

[0015] The present invention further claims to protect the gasification method of the gasification burner, including: S1. Introduce ignition fuel into the ignition channel, introduce combustion-supporting agent into the inner ring gasification channel, and ignite through the ignition actuator to form a first flame; S2. Convey raw material powder into the raw material powder channel through a plurality of raw material powder inlet channels, introduce outer ring gasification agent into the outer ring gasification channel, and ignite the raw material powder through the first flame to form a second flame; S3. Stop introducing ignition fuel into the ignition channel, stop introducing combustion-supporting agent into the inner ring gasification channel, and then introduce inner ring gasification agent into the inner ring gasification channel, so that the raw material powder, the outer ring gasification agent and the inner ring gasification agent form a third flame, and the raw material powder undergoes a gasification reaction; S4. By adjusting the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve, the flow rate F1 of the inner gasification agent and the flow rate F2 of the outer gasification agent are made to satisfy: F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the flow rate of the raw material powder in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total flow rate of the raw material powder in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels; meanwhile, the shape of the third flame changes to alter the flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner. S5. When it is detected that the flow rate of the raw material powder in any raw material powder inlet channel is lower than the preset threshold A or the fluctuation range of the flow rate of the raw material powder in any raw material powder inlet channel exceeds the preset threshold B, the raw material cut-off valve on this raw material powder inlet channel and the inner-ring cut-off valve on the inner-ring gasification inlet channel are cut off. Then, the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve are adjusted again, and the inner-ring cut-off valve is opened so that the flow rate F1 of the inner gasification agent and the flow rate F2 of the outer gasification agent satisfy: F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the flow rate of the raw material powder in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total flow rate of the raw material powder in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels.

[0016] Preferably, the method for adjusting the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve again in step S5 is as follows: S501. According to the historical operation data of the gasification burner, express the fuzzy control rules in the form of IF-THEN and construct a fuzzy control rule base. S502. According to the real-time flow rate of the inner gasification agent, the real-time flow rate of the outer gasification agent, and the real-time flow rate of the raw material powder in each raw material powder inlet channel, calculate the deviation E between the actual ratio and the preset ratio of the flow rate of the inner gasification agent to the flow rate of the outer gasification agent and the deviation change rate EC. S503. Take the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC calculated in S502 as the input variables of the fuzzy controller, and classify the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC into the corresponding fuzzy subsets according to the fuzzy subset division rule to obtain the fuzzy values of the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC. S504. Select the fuzzy control rules in the fuzzy control rule base constructed in S501 that match the fuzzy values of the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC obtained in S503, and use the Mamdani inference method or the Larsen inference method to obtain the fuzzy opening range of the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve. S505. Use the centroid method or the maximum membership degree method to convert the fuzzy opening range of the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve obtained in S504 into the accurate opening values of the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve, and adjust the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve. Preferably, both the inner gasification agent and the outer gasification agent are oxygen-containing gases.

[0017] Preferably, the raw material powder is any one of straw powder, wood chip powder, coal powder, coke powder, and petroleum coke powder.

[0018] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: First, due to the unique structural design of the gasification burner of the present invention, it can better adapt to different raw material feeding conditions, especially for raw materials such as biomass powder with poor fluidity and easy to block. At the same time, by optimizing the internal flow channel and feeding structure, the risk of blockage and interruption of the dry powder conveying pipeline is effectively reduced, the stability of the dry powder pneumatic conveying is ensured, the number of trips of the gasification furnace caused by feeding problems is reduced, and thus the economic loss is reduced. Second, the present invention is equipped with an accurate flow regulation structure, which can accurately adjust the flow rate of the gasifying agent according to the change of the raw material powder flow rate, ensure that the gasification reaction can proceed stably under different working conditions, improve the efficiency of the gasification reaction, avoid problems of insufficient or unstable reaction caused by improper ratio of the gasifying agent to the raw material powder, and improve the quality of the product gas. According to the different properties of the raw material powder and the state of the gasification reaction, the ratio between the flow rate F1 of the inner-ring gasifying agent and the flow rate F2 of the outer-ring gasifying agent can be adjusted to control the gasification reaction. For example, if the temperature at the outlet of the gasification furnace is too low and slag discharge is not smooth, the flow rate of the inner-ring gasifying agent can be increased to increase the length of the third flame and raise the temperature at the outlet of the gasification furnace. If the ash content of the raw material powder is low, the flow rate of the outer-ring gasifying agent can be increased to increase the swirl intensity of the third flame, so that more raw material molten slag can be entrained to the wall surface of the gasification furnace, providing sufficient slag layer protection for the wall surface, and at the same time increasing the wall surface reaction time of the raw material powder and improving the carbon conversion rate. Third, the present invention is also provided with an effective cooling channel, which can timely take away the heat generated by the gasification burner in a high-temperature environment, reduce the risk of damage to the burner caused by high temperature, and extend the service life of the gasification burner; reduce the equipment maintenance cost and replacement frequency, and improve the continuity and stability of production. Fourth, the reasonably designed flow channel and flow disturbance vanes inside the gasification burner provided by the present invention promote the full mixing of the raw material powder and the gasifying agent, make the reaction more complete, and improve the efficiency of the gasification reaction; at the same time, the specific outlet structure is conducive to forming a good flame shape and stable flow field and temperature field, further improving the gasification effect and increasing the yield and quality of the synthesis gas. Fifth, through improvements in multiple aspects such as ensuring the stability of dry powder conveying, reducing the number of trips of the gasification furnace, and enhancing the efficiency and effect of the gasification reaction, the present invention reduces the production cost, improves the production efficiency and product quality; enhances the economic benefits and competitiveness of the process of producing green methanol from biomass, and promotes the sustainable development of this field.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description, and partially will be understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1Schematic structural diagram of the gasification burner in one technical solution of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the gasification burner in another technical solution of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner in Embodiment 5 of the present invention; Among them, 1 is the ignition fuel channel; 10 is the ignition fuel inlet channel; 2 is the inner ring gasification channel; 20 is the inner ring gasification inlet channel; 21 is the inner ring cut-off valve; 22 is the inner ring regulating valve; 23 is the inner ring flow meter; 3 is the inner ring cooling water channel; 30a is the inner ring cooling water outlet channel; 30b is the inner ring cooling water inlet channel; 4 is the outer ring gasification channel; 40 is the outer ring gasification inlet channel; 41 is the outer ring cut-off valve; 42 is the outer ring regulating valve; 43 is the outer ring flow meter; 5 is the raw material powder channel; 50a is the first raw material powder inlet channel; 50b is the second raw material powder inlet channel; 501 is the first raw material powder cut-off valve; 503 is the first raw material powder flow meter; 511 is the second raw material powder cut-off valve; 513 is the second raw material powder flow meter; 6 is the outer ring cooling water channel; 60a is the outer ring cooling water outlet channel; 60b is the outer ring cooling water inlet channel; 7 is the ignition mechanism. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The following further elaborates on the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description in the specification.

[0022] It should be understood that terms such as "having", "including", and "comprising" used herein do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or their combinations.

[0023] As Figure 1 , 2 shown, the present invention provides a gasification burner, which is successively sleeved from the inside to the outside with: An ignition fuel channel 1 for conveying ignition fuel; An inner ring gasification channel 2, which is communicated with the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20 to convey a combustion-supporting agent or an inner ring gasifying agent, and; An outer ring gasification channel 4, which is communicated with the outer ring gasification inlet channel 40 to convey an outer ring gasifying agent; and The raw material powder channel 5 is provided with a plurality of raw material powder inlet channels communicating with the raw material powder channel 5 to convey the raw material powder; Among them, an ignition mechanism 7 is provided at the ignition point of the ignition fuel channel 1 or the inner ring gasification channel 2.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the gasification burner adopts a multi-layer nested structure design. From the inside to the outside, it is successively the ignition fuel channel 1, the inner ring gasification channel 2, the outer ring gasification channel 4, and the raw material powder channel 5. This nested layout enables the functions of each channel to cooperate with each other and orderly complete the material transportation and reaction process required for the gasification reaction. Among them, the ignition fuel channel 1 is located at the innermost part of the gasification burner and is connected to the ignition fuel inlet channel 10. Its main function is to convey the ignition fuel, which is usually a substance that can burn quickly and produce a high-temperature flame, such as natural gas, hydrogen, etc. At the beginning stage of the gasification reaction, the ignition fuel is conveyed through this channel to the ignition point to provide the initial fire source for the subsequent gasification reaction. The inner ring gasification channel 2 is connected to the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20. It has two main functions: at the initial stage of the gasification reaction, it can convey the combustion-supporting agent, such as oxygen. After the combustion-supporting agent is mixed with the ignition fuel, it quickly burns under the action of the ignition mechanism 7 to form a high-temperature flame; after the gasification reaction proceeds stably, the inner ring gasification channel 2 conveys the inner ring gasifying agent to participate in the gasification reaction of the raw material powder, promoting the full combustion and conversion of the raw material powder. The outer ring gasification channel 4 is connected to the outer ring gasification inlet channel 40 and is specifically used to convey the outer ring gasifying agent. The outer ring gasifying agent is usually also an oxygen-containing gas, which plays a role in further supplementing oxygen, adjusting the reaction atmosphere and temperature distribution in the gasification reaction, making the gasification reaction more complete and stable. The raw material powder channel 5 is located at the outermost layer of the gasification burner. The raw material powder channel 5 is provided with a plurality of raw material powder inlet channels, Figure 1 or attached Figure 2 Two raw material powder inlet channels are exemplified, namely the first raw material powder inlet channel 50a and the second raw material powder inlet channel 50b. The function of the multiple raw material powder inlet channels is to evenly convey the raw material powder into the raw material powder channel 5. The raw material powder can be various powdery materials suitable for gasification, such as straw powder, wood chip powder, coal powder, coke powder, petroleum coke powder, etc. The raw material powder flows in the channel, meets the inner ring and outer ring gasifying agents, and undergoes a gasification reaction to generate products such as syngas. The ignition mechanism 7 is arranged at the ignition point of the ignition fuel channel 1 or the inner ring gasification channel 2; its function is to ignite the mixture of the ignition fuel and the combustion-supporting agent at the start of the gasification reaction, triggering the initial combustion reaction; the ignition mechanism 7 can adopt common electric spark ignition devices, high-temperature heating wire ignition devices, etc. to ensure reliable ignition of the fuel and provide a start for the smooth progress of the gasification reaction.

[0025] In the above technical solution, an operating process of the gasification burner is as follows: Ignition fuel, such as natural gas or hydrogen, is delivered into the gasification burner through the ignition fuel passage 1. At the same time, a combustion-supporting agent, usually oxygen, is delivered through the inner-ring gasification passage 2. The flow rates of the ignition fuel and the combustion-supporting agent are controlled to reach an appropriate ratio to ensure the formation of a stable flame. The ignition mechanism 7 is started, such as triggering an electric spark igniter or heating a high-temperature hot wire, so that the ignition fuel and the combustion-supporting agent undergo a combustion reaction at the ignition point to form a first flame. Observe the shape and stability of the flame, and ensure the stable combustion of the flame by adjusting the flow rates of the ignition fuel and the combustion-supporting agent. After the first flame burns stably, raw material powder, such as straw powder, coal powder, etc., is delivered into the raw material powder passage 5 through multiple raw material powder inlet passages; at the same time, an outer-ring gasification agent, such as oxygen or air, is introduced into the gasification burner through the outer-ring gasification passage 4. After the raw material powder enters the gasification area, it is ignited by the first flame and undergoes a combustion and gasification reaction with the outer-ring gasification agent to form a second flame; at this time, closely monitor the gasification reaction conditions, such as the color, temperature, and pressure changes of the flame, and ensure the stable progress of the gasification reaction by adjusting the flow rates of the raw material powder and the outer-ring gasification agent. After the gasification reaction is stable, stop delivering the ignition fuel into the ignition fuel passage 1 and stop delivering the combustion-supporting agent into the inner-ring gasification passage 2. Then, introduce an inner-ring gasification agent, such as oxygen or steam, into the inner-ring gasification passage 2, so that the raw material powder, the outer-ring gasification agent, and the inner-ring gasification agent jointly participate in the gasification reaction to form a third flame. By adjusting the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42, accurately control the flow rate F1 of the inner-ring gasification agent and the flow rate F2 of the outer-ring gasification agent so that F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet passage to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet passages. This can ensure the full mixing and reaction of the raw material powder and the gasification agent, improve the gasification efficiency and the quality of the synthesis gas. Real-time monitor the operating parameters of the gasification burner, such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc., and adjust the flow rate and pressure of each passage in a timely manner according to the monitoring results to ensure that the gasification reaction proceeds under the best conditions In the above technical solution, the ignition fuel channel 1 is separately arranged in the innermost part, which can ensure that the ignition fuel is delivered to the ignition point with a stable flow rate and appropriate concentration. The arrangement of the inner ring gasification channel 2 and the outer ring gasification channel 4 enables the gasifying agent to enter the gasification area from different levels and directions. The inner ring gasifying agent can first react with the raw material powder near the center to provide an initial high temperature and active atmosphere; the outer ring gasifying agent supplements oxygen around to adjust the temperature distribution and atmosphere uniformity of the reaction; this way of delivering the gasifying agent in layers can enable the raw material powder to fully contact and mix with the gasifying agent, improve the efficiency and effect of the gasification reaction, promote the full conversion of the raw materials, and increase the yield and quality of the syngas. Multiple raw material powder inlet channels are arranged on the raw material powder channel 5, which can evenly disperse the raw material powder throughout the raw material powder channel 5. This helps to avoid local accumulation or uneven flow of the raw material powder in the channel, ensure that the raw material powder can be evenly mixed with the gasifying agent, and enable the gasification reaction to proceed uniformly across the entire cross-section, improving the stability and consistency of the gasification reaction. Since each channel is independently arranged, the flow rate, pressure and other parameters of the ignition fuel, inner ring gasifying agent, outer ring gasifying agent and raw material powder can be precisely adjusted and controlled respectively. In this way, according to different raw material characteristics, gasification process requirements and production loads, the conditions of the gasification reaction can be flexibly adjusted, the gasification process can be optimized, and the flexibility and adaptability of production can be improved.

[0026] It should be emphasized that in the present invention, two gasification channels are provided in the gasification burner, namely the inner-ring gasification channel 2 and the outer-ring gasification channel 4. The advantages of such a design are as follows: The inner-ring gasification channel 2 and the outer-ring gasification channel 4 can transport the gasifying agent from different levels and directions. The inner-ring gasifying agent first contacts and reacts with the raw material powder near the center, providing a high-temperature and active atmosphere, while the outer-ring gasifying agent supplements oxygen around. Such layered transportation of the gasifying agent and the raw material powder can be more fully mixed; by separately controlling the flow rate and injection angle of the inner-ring gasifying agent and the outer-ring gasifying agent, the area and intensity of the gasification reaction can be precisely adjusted. When high-temperature concentrated reaction is required, the flow rate of the inner-ring gasifying agent can be increased. If the reaction range needs to be expanded, the parameters of the outer-ring gasifying agent can be adjusted to make the gasification reaction more in line with production requirements; the outer-ring gasifying agent can perform secondary oxidation on the unreacted materials to ensure that the raw material powder reacts fully and reduce the residual carbon content. Reasonably distributing the ratio and flow rate of the inner-ring gasifying agent and the outer-ring gasifying agent helps to form a stable and ideal flame shape; the outer-ring gasifying agent can, to a certain extent, play a role in cooling the outer wall of the burner, reducing the damage to the burner structure caused by high temperature. Especially in a high-temperature gasification environment, it can extend the service life of the burner and reduce the equipment replacement cost; the gasifying agent transported through different channels can adjust the temperature distribution inside the burner, making the thermal stress of each part of the burner uniform, reducing the structural damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction, and improving the reliability and safety of the burner. For raw material powders with different properties, such as straw powder, coal powder, coke powder, etc., the gasification reaction can reach the best effect by adjusting the flow rate and composition of the inner-ring and outer-ring gasifying agents; in different working conditions such as the startup, normal operation, and shutdown of the gasification furnace, the gasifying agent parameters of the two channels can be flexibly adjusted.

[0027] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, a raw material powder cut-off valve and a raw material powder flowmeter are provided on any of the raw material powder inlet channels; Figure 1 Or Figure 2 as shown in the attached figure, a first raw material powder cut-off valve 501 and a first raw material powder flowmeter 503 are provided on the first raw material powder inlet channel 50a, a second raw material powder cut-off valve 511 and a second raw material powder flowmeter 513 are provided on the second raw material powder inlet channel 50b, an inner-ring cut-off valve 21, an inner-ring regulating valve 22 and an inner-ring flowmeter 23 are successively provided on the inner-ring gasification inlet channel 20, and an outer-ring cut-off valve 41, an outer-ring regulating valve 42 and an outer-ring flowmeter 43 are successively provided on the outer-ring gasification inlet channel 40, such that the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer-ring gasifying agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels.

[0028] In the above technical solution, a raw material powder cut-off valve and a raw material powder flowmeter are provided on each raw material powder inlet channel. The function of the raw material powder cut-off valve is to cut off the supply of raw material powder when needed. For example, when abnormal raw material powder flow is detected or an emergency occurs, the valve can be quickly closed to stop the transportation of raw material powder and ensure the safety of the system. The raw material powder flowmeter is used to monitor the flow of raw material powder passing through this inlet channel in real time, providing accurate data for subsequent flow regulation and control. An inner-ring gasification inlet valve 21, an inner-ring regulating valve 22, and an inner-ring flowmeter 23 are successively installed on the inner-ring gasification inlet channel 20. The inner-ring cut-off valve 21 is similar to the raw material powder cut-off valve and is used to cut off the supply of inner-ring gasifying agent in case of emergency. The inner-ring regulating valve 22 can adjust the flow rate of the inner-ring gasifying agent according to actual needs to adapt to different gasification reaction conditions. The inner-ring flowmeter 23 is used to accurately measure the flow rate of the inner-ring gasifying agent and provide feedback information for flow regulation. An outer-ring cut-off valve 41, an outer-ring regulating valve 42, and an outer-ring flowmeter 43 are provided on the outer-ring gasification inlet channel 40, and their functions are similar to those of the components on the inner-ring gasification inlet channel 20, respectively used to cut off the supply of outer-ring gasifying agent, regulate the flow rate of outer-ring gasifying agent, and measure the flow rate of outer-ring gasifying agent.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the flow rate F1 of the inner-ring gasifying agent and the flow rate F2 of the outer-ring gasifying agent satisfy: F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels. This means that the distribution of the gasifying agent is dynamically adjusted according to the flow distribution of the raw material powder to ensure that the raw material powder in each area can obtain an appropriate proportion of the gasifying agent, thereby achieving a uniform and efficient gasification reaction. If F1 / (F1 + F2) is less than the raw material powder flow rate ratio, it indicates that the flow rate of the inner-ring gasifying agent is relatively insufficient. The control system will increase the opening degree of the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and may appropriately reduce the opening degree of the outer-ring regulating valve 42 at the same time to increase the flow rate of the inner-ring gasifying agent and make F1 / (F1 + F2) approach the raw material powder flow rate ratio. On the contrary, if F1 / (F1 + F2) is greater than the raw material powder flow rate ratio, the opening degree of the inner-ring regulating valve 22 will be reduced, and the opening degree of the outer-ring regulating valve 42 may be appropriately increased at the same time to achieve an accurate match between the gasifying agent flow rate and the raw material powder flow rate.

[0030] In the above technical solution, by monitoring the flow rate of the raw material powder in real time and adjusting the flow rate ratio of the inner and outer ring gasifying agents accordingly, the gasifying agent and the raw material powder can be accurately matched at each position, avoiding the situation of insufficient reaction caused by too much or too little gasifying agent in some areas, improving the conversion rate of the raw material powder and the overall efficiency of the gasification reaction. The real-time monitoring and adjustment function enables the operator to optimize the adjustment according to the actual production situation. By analyzing the flow rate data and reaction results, the distribution ratio of the gasifying agent is continuously optimized, improving production efficiency and product quality and reducing production costs. It ensures that the gasification reaction proceeds more uniformly throughout the gasification space. The uniform reaction can avoid local overheating or overcooling phenomena, reduce the occurrence of side reactions, and improve the quality and output of the synthesis gas.

[0031] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, the gasification burner further includes an inner ring cooling water channel 3 sleeved between the inner ring gasification channel 2 and the outer ring gasification channel 4, and an outer ring cooling water channel 6 sleeved outside the raw material powder channel 5, which plays a role in protecting the gasification burner, improving the reaction stability, and extending the service life of the equipment. As Figure 1 Or Figure 2 shown, the inner ring cooling water channel 3 is respectively provided with an inner ring cooling water outlet channel 30a and an inner ring cooling water inlet channel 30b; the outer ring cooling water channel 6 is respectively provided with an outer ring cooling water outlet channel 60a and an outer ring cooling water inlet channel 60b; extremely high temperatures will be generated during the gasification process, and the high temperature will cause thermal expansion of the burner material. The thermal expansion differences in different parts will cause thermal stress. The presence of the inner ring cooling water channel 3 and the outer ring cooling water channel 6 can timely take away heat, reduce the temperature gradient of each part of the burner, and thus reduce thermal stress. The inner ring cooling water channel 3 can be used for protecting against the high-temperature thermal radiation of the high-temperature first flame on the burner due to the too high calorific value of the ignition fuel when the first flame exists.

[0032] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of spiral first spoiler plates are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the raw material powder channel 5, a plurality of spiral second spoiler plates are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the inner ring gasification channel 2, and a plurality of spiral third spoiler plates are uniformly arranged along the axial direction in the outer ring gasification channel 4; among them, the setting rules of the first spoiler plates are as follows: When the average particle size of the raw material powder particles is < 30 μm, the height of the first spoiler plate is 8 - 10 mm, the spacing is 25 - 30 mm, the width is 10 - 15 mm, and the spiral angle is 15 - 20°; When 30 μm ≤ the average particle size of the raw material powder particles < 50 μm, the height of the first spoiler plate is 11 - 13 mm, the spacing is 31 - 35 mm, the width is 16 - 18 mm, and the spiral angle is 21 - 35°; When the average particle size of the raw material powder particles is ≥50 μm, the height of the first spoiler is 14 - 16 mm, the spacing is 36 - 40 mm, the width is 10 - 15 mm, and the spiral angle is 36 - 45°; The height of the second spoiler is 12 - 18 mm, the spacing is 20 - 30 mm, the width is 15 - 18 mm, and the spiral angle is 30 - 45°; The height of the third spoiler is 8 - 13 mm, the spacing is 25 - 35 mm, the width is 10 - 16 mm, and the spiral angle is 20 - 35°.

[0033] In the above technical solution, in the raw material powder channel 5, the inner ring gasification channel 2 and the outer ring gasification channel 4 of the gasification burner, spiral spoilers are uniformly arranged along the axis directions of their respective channels, namely the first spoiler, the second spoiler and the third spoiler. Among them, the specific size parameters (height, spacing, width and spiral angle) of the first spoiler are adjusted according to the average particle size of the raw material powder particles. The first spoiler can make the raw material powder form a spiral flow trajectory in the channel, break the agglomeration phenomenon of the raw material powder, and make it more evenly dispersed in the channel. Especially adjusting the spoiler parameters according to the particle size of the raw material powder can achieve the best dispersion effect for raw material powders with different characteristics, laying a foundation for the subsequent full mixing with the gasification agent. The second spoiler is in the inner ring gasification channel 2, with a height of 12 - 8 mm, a spacing of 20 - 30 mm, a width of 15 - 18 mm, and a spiral angle of 30 - 45°; the third spoiler is in the outer ring gasification channel 4, with a height of 8 - 13 mm, a spacing of 25 - 35 mm, a width of 10 - 16 mm, and a spiral angle of 20 - 35°. The second spoiler and the third spoiler make the inner ring and outer ring gasification agents form swirls. When the gasification agent meets the dispersed raw material powder, the swirling gasification agent can more fully penetrate and mix with the raw material powder, increasing the contact area and mixing uniformity between the reactants, and being beneficial to accelerating the gasification reaction. The different size and spiral angle settings are to adapt to the flow characteristics and action requirements of the inner ring and outer ring gasification agents, so that the gasification agent forms a suitable swirl state in the channel. At the same time, the presence of the spoilers can adjust the flow rate and flow direction of the fluid in the channel, making the gas flow distribution more uniform and stable. This helps to avoid problems such as local overheating and uneven flow caused by uneven gas flow, ensuring that the gasification reaction proceeds uniformly across the entire burner cross-section, and improving the stability and reliability of the gasification process.

[0034] Such as Figure 2As shown, in another specific technical solution of the present invention, the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel 2 is of a tapered type; the outlet of the outer ring gasification channel 4 is provided with an inclined opening that inclines towards the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel 2, and the angle between the inclined opening and the vertical direction is 30° to 60°. The tapered design of the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel 2 enables the inner ring gasifying agent to be ejected at a higher speed, and a stronger jet can be formed at the outlet; the high-speed jet helps to entrain the surrounding raw material powder into it, increasing the contact area and mixing degree between the inner ring gasifying agent and the raw material powder, and enabling the two to be more fully mixed. The inclined opening design of the outlet of the outer ring gasification channel 4 enables the outer ring gasifying agent to be directed and ejected towards the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel 2 at a certain angle. The directed ejection method can collide and cross with the mixed flow of the inner ring gasifying agent and the raw material powder, further promoting the mixing between the outer ring gasifying agent, the inner ring gasifying agent, and the raw material powder. By strengthening the material mixing, more raw material powder can come into contact with sufficient gasifying agent, providing more favorable conditions for the gasification reaction. The sufficient mixing of the raw material powder and the gasifying agent means that more reactive sites can participate in the reaction, thereby increasing the reaction opportunities, accelerating the reaction rate, and improving the efficiency of the gasification reaction. The optimized angle of the outlet of the outer ring gasification channel 4 is 30° to 60°, which can not only ensure that the outer ring gasifying agent has sufficient impact force to mix with the internal flow, but also will not affect the mixing effect due to too large or too small an angle. The appropriate angle enables the outer ring gasifying agent to accurately act on the inner ring flow, forming a good mixing area, improving the overall mixing uniformity, and thus reducing the possibility of carbon deposition and slag formation.

[0035] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, a spiral pipe extending to the outlet of the gasification burner is provided in the raw material powder channel 5, and any raw material powder inlet channel is communicated with the spiral pipe. The spiral pipe guides the raw material powder to perform spiral movement, making the distribution of the raw material powder more uniform on the cross-section of the channel, laying a foundation for the subsequent uniform mixing with the gasifying agent, and further enhancing the uniformity and sufficiency of the gasification reaction. The special structure of the spiral pipe can also enable the raw material powder entering from different raw material powder inlet channels to be fully mixed during the spiral movement, avoiding segregation or local accumulation of the raw material powder in the channel. During the operation of the gasification burner, the transportation of the raw material powder may be affected by various factors, such as pressure fluctuations and instability of the feeding equipment, resulting in fluctuations in the raw material powder flow rate. The structure of the spiral pipe can alleviate these fluctuations to a certain extent, enabling the raw material powder to be transported to the outlet at a relatively stable speed and flow rate. The stable transportation of the raw material powder helps to maintain the stable progress of the gasification reaction, reduce the reaction fluctuations caused by unstable raw material powder supply, and improve the stability and reliability of the gasification process. The spiral movement of the raw material powder in the spiral pipe can change the flow field distribution inside the gasification burner, making the flow of gas and raw material powder more orderly and reasonable.

[0036] The present invention further claims to protect the gasification method of the gasification burner, including: S1. Introduce ignition fuel into the ignition channel, introduce combustion-supporting agent into the inner-ring gasification channel 2, and ignite through the ignition actuator to form a first flame; S2. Convey raw material powder into the raw material powder channel 5 through multiple raw material powder inlet channels, introduce outer-ring gasification agent into the outer-ring gasification channel 4, and ignite the raw material powder with the first flame to form a second flame; S3. Stop introducing ignition fuel into the ignition channel and stop introducing combustion-supporting agent into the inner-ring gasification channel 2. Then introduce inner-ring gasification agent into the inner-ring gasification channel 2, so that the raw material powder, outer-ring gasification agent and inner-ring gasification agent form a third flame, and the raw material powder undergoes a gasification reaction; S4. By adjusting the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42, make the flow rate F1 of the inner-ring gasification agent and the flow rate F2 of the outer-ring gasification agent satisfy: F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels; at the same time, the shape of the third flame changes to change the flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner; S5. When it is detected that the raw material powder flow rate in any raw material powder inlet channel is lower than the preset threshold A or the fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate in any raw material powder inlet channel exceeds the preset threshold B, cut off the raw material cut-off valve on this raw material powder inlet channel and the inner-ring cut-off valve 21 on the inner-ring gasification inlet channel 20. Then adjust the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42 again and open the inner-ring cut-off valve 21 so that the flow rate F1 of the inner-ring gasification agent and the flow rate F2 of the outer-ring gasification agent satisfy: F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels.

[0037] In the above technical solution, preset threshold A and preset threshold B are set in advance. Preset threshold A is determined according to the minimum raw material powder flow rate required for the gasification reaction, and preset threshold B is set according to the normal fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate and the stability requirements of the gasification reaction. The fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate in any raw material powder inlet channel refers to the fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate per second relative to the raw material powder flow rate in the previous second, rather than the cumulative fluctuation range over a period of time (that is, the fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate after a period of time relative to the initial raw material powder flow rate). This is because the slight fluctuation of the raw material powder flow rate has little impact. During actual operation, the cumulative fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate after 24 hours can be within the allowable range.

[0038] A specific example of the above technical solution is as follows: Preset threshold A is set to 30% of the normal raw material powder flow rate, and preset threshold B is set to ±20% of the normal raw material powder flow rate.

[0039] The specific implementation method of step S1 is as follows: Open the valve of the ignition fuel channel 1, introduce ignition fuel into the ignition channel, control the flow rate of the ignition fuel (such as 5 m3 / h) to an appropriate value. Here, set to open the valve of the inner ring gasification channel 2, introduce the combustion-supporting agent (oxygen) into the inner ring gasification channel 2, and adjust the flow rate of the combustion-supporting agent so that the ratio of the combustion-supporting agent to the ignition fuel reaches an appropriate combustion ratio (the volume ratio of oxygen to natural gas is 1.6:1); Start the ignition actuator, such as triggering the spark igniter, so that the ignition fuel and the combustion-supporting agent undergo a combustion reaction at the ignition point to form the first flame. Observe the shape and stability of the first flame, and ensure the stable combustion of the first flame by adjusting the flow rates of the ignition fuel and the combustion-supporting agent.

[0040] The first flame provides a stable high-temperature heat source for the subsequent ignition of the raw material powder, and can quickly ignite the raw material powder and trigger the gasification reaction. The fast startup method reduces the reaction startup time, improves the production efficiency, and reduces the energy consumption.

[0041] The specific implementation method of step S2 is as follows: Start the raw material powder conveying equipment, convey the raw material powder (straw powder) into the raw material powder channel 5 through multiple raw material powder inlet channels, and control the total flow rate of the raw material powder (500 kg / h); At the same time, open the valve of the outer ring gasification channel 4, introduce the outer ring gasifying agent (oxygen) into the outer ring gasification channel 4, and adjust the flow rate of the outer ring gasifying agent so that it can meet the requirements of the preliminary combustion of the raw material powder; After the raw material powder enters the gasification area, it is ignited by the first flame and undergoes a combustion and gasification reaction with the outer ring gasifying agent to form the second flame. At this time, closely monitor the shape, color, temperature change and other conditions of the second flame, and ensure the stable combustion of the second flame by adjusting the flow rates of the raw material powder and the outer ring gasifying agent.

[0042] The specific implementation method of step S3 is as follows: After the second flame burns stably for a period of time, stop introducing the ignition fuel into the ignition channel and close the valve of the ignition fuel channel 1. At the same time, stop introducing the combustion-supporting agent into the inner ring gasification channel 2 and close the supply valve of the combustion-supporting agent on the inner ring gasification channel 2; Open the supply valve of the inner ring gasifying agent on the inner ring gasification channel 2, introduce the inner ring gasifying agent (a mixed gas of oxygen and water vapor) into the inner ring gasification channel 2, and adjust the flow rate of the inner ring gasifying agent so that the raw material powder, the outer ring gasifying agent and the inner ring gasifying agent jointly participate in the gasification reaction to form the third flame. Observe the shape of the third flame and the situation of the gasification reaction, and ensure the stable progress of the gasification reaction by adjusting the flow rates of the inner ring gasifying agent and the outer ring gasifying agent.

[0043] By first introducing ignition fuel into the ignition channel, introducing combustion-supporting agent into the inner-ring gasification channel 2 and igniting to form the first flame, then introducing raw material powder and outer-ring gasifying agent to form the second flame, and finally switching to the inner-ring gasifying agent to form the third flame, this step-by-step ignition and reaction start-up method enables the gasification reaction to start smoothly and orderly. It avoids problems such as deflagration and unstable reaction that may be caused by directly inputting a large amount of raw materials and gasifying agents, laying a good foundation for the subsequent stable gasification reaction. By changing the flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner with the change of the third flame shape, the operator can adjust the flame shape by adjusting the gasifying agent flow rate according to the actual reaction conditions, and then optimize the distribution of the flow field and temperature field. This enables the gasification reaction to maintain the best reaction state under different raw material characteristics, production loads and other conditions, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the reaction.

[0044] The specific implementation method of step S4 is as follows: The raw material powder flowmeter on each raw material powder inlet channel monitors the raw material powder flow rate in real time, and the inner-ring flowmeter 23 and the outer-ring flowmeter 43 respectively monitor the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer-ring gasifying agent flow rate F2 in real time. The control system collects the raw material powder flow rate data of all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels, and calculates the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels; the control system compares the actual value of F1 / (F1 + F2) with the calculated raw material powder flow rate ratio. If there is a deviation between the two, the control system issues adjustment signals to the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42 according to the preset control algorithm: If F1 / (F1 + F2) is less than the raw material powder flow rate ratio, it indicates that the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate is relatively insufficient. The control system will increase the opening degree of the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and may appropriately reduce the opening degree of the outer-ring regulating valve 42 at the same time to increase the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate F1, so that F1 / (F1 + F2) approaches the raw material powder flow rate ratio; conversely, if F1 / (F1 + F2) is greater than the raw material powder flow rate ratio, the opening degree of the inner-ring regulating valve 22 will be reduced and the opening degree of the outer-ring regulating valve 42 will be increased. During the adjustment process, with the change of the gasifying agent flow rate, the shape of the third flame will change accordingly, thereby changing the flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner. The changes in the flow field and temperature field are monitored in real time to ensure that they meet the requirements of the gasification reaction.

[0045] By adjusting the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42, the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate and the outer-ring gasifying agent flow rate are made to satisfy a specific proportional relationship. Precise flow control can accurately distribute the gasifying agent according to the actual distribution of the raw material powder, ensuring that the raw material powder in each area can obtain the appropriate proportion of gasifying agent, so as to achieve a more sufficient and efficient gasification reaction.

[0046] The specific implementation method of step S5 is as follows: The raw material powder flowmeter on each raw material powder inlet channel continuously monitors the raw material powder flow. When it is detected that the raw material powder flow in any raw material powder inlet channel is lower than the preset threshold A or the fluctuation range of the flow exceeds the preset threshold B, the control system immediately issues an instruction to cut off the raw material cut-off valve on this raw material powder inlet channel, stop the supply of raw material powder in this channel, and at the same time cut off the inner ring cut-off valve 21 on the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20, and stop supplying the corresponding gasifying agent to the inner ring gasification channel 2; recalculate the ratio of the raw material powder flow in the remaining normally operating raw material powder inlet channels to the total raw material powder flow in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels. The control system adjusts the opening degrees of the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42 again according to the new ratio. After the adjustment is completed, the inner ring cut-off valve 21 is opened so that the inner gasifying agent flow F1 and the outer gasifying agent flow F2 satisfy the new proportional relationship, that is, F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow in any remaining normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels.

[0047] During the gasification process, the raw material powder flow is monitored in real time. When it is detected that the raw material powder flow is abnormal (lower than the preset threshold A or the fluctuation range exceeds the preset threshold B), the corresponding raw material cut-off valve and the inner ring cut-off valve 21 can be quickly cut off, and the gasifying agent flow is adjusted again. This real-time monitoring and rapid response mechanism can handle abnormal situations in a timely manner, avoid problems such as reaction out of control and equipment damage caused by unstable raw material supply, and enhance the stability of the system. Cutting off the abnormal raw material powder inlet channel and the corresponding inner ring gasification inlet channel 20 can isolate the fault area and prevent the abnormal situation from spreading to the entire gasification system. At the same time, adjusting the gasifying agent flow again to adapt to the remaining normally operating raw material powder channels 5 ensures that the system can continue to operate stably under partial faults, improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0048] The above gasification method can dynamically adjust the gasifying agent flow according to the flow distribution of different raw material powders, so it can adapt to various raw material powders with different characteristics, such as coal powder, biomass powder, etc. For raw material powders with different particle sizes and volatile matter contents, efficient gasification reactions can be achieved by adjusting the gasifying agent flow, broadening the applicable range of raw materials for the gasification burner.

[0049] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, the method for adjusting the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42 again in step S5 is as follows: S501. According to the historical operation data of the gasification burner, express the fuzzy control rules in the form of IF-THEN, and construct a fuzzy control rule base; S502. Calculate the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC between the actual ratio and the preset ratio of the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate and the outer-ring gasifying agent flow rate based on the real-time flow rate of the inner-ring gasifying agent, the real-time flow rate of the outer-ring gasifying agent, and the real-time flow rate of the raw material powder in each raw material powder inlet channel. S503. Use the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC calculated in S502 as the input variables of the fuzzy controller, and classify the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC into the corresponding fuzzy subsets respectively according to the fuzzy subset division rule to obtain the fuzzy values of the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC. S504. Select the fuzzy control rules that match the fuzzy values of the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC obtained in S503 from the fuzzy control rule base constructed in S501, and use the Mamdani inference method or the Larsen inference method to obtain the fuzzy opening ranges of the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42. S505. Use the centroid method or the maximum membership degree method to convert the fuzzy opening ranges of the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42 obtained in S504 into the accurate opening values of the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42, and adjust the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42. In the above technical solution, during the gasification process, the relationship between the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate, the outer-ring gasifying agent flow rate, and the raw material powder flow rate is a complex non-linear relationship, which is difficult to describe with an accurate mathematical model. The fuzzy control method is based on fuzzy rules and fuzzy inference, and can handle this complex non-linear relationship well. It can construct a fuzzy control rule base according to the historical operation data of the gasification burner, comprehensively consider the control strategies under various working conditions, so as to adjust the inner-ring regulating valve 22 and the outer-ring regulating valve 42 more accurately, make the gasifying agent flow rate ratio more in line with the preset requirements, and improve the control accuracy. And there are many uncertain factors during the gasification process, such as measurement errors, environmental interferences, etc. The fuzzy control method has a certain fault tolerance ability. Through fuzzy subset division and fuzzy inference, it can tolerate the influence of these uncertain factors to a certain extent. Even in the case of measurement errors or slight interferences, it can make reasonable control decisions according to the fuzzy rules to ensure the stable operation of the system. By calculating the deviation and the deviation change rate between the actual ratio and the preset ratio of the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate and the outer-ring gasifying agent flow rate, and using them as the input variables of the fuzzy controller for fuzzy inference and control, the regulating valve can be adjusted more timely and accurately. The control method based on the deviation and the deviation change rate can effectively reduce the control error and avoid system fluctuations caused by untimely control or over-regulation. When dealing with abnormal situations such as abnormal raw material powder flow rate, it can quickly and stably adjust the gasifying agent flow rate ratio to an appropriate value, enhancing the stability of the gasification system.

[0050] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, both the inner-ring gasifying agent and the outer-ring gasifying agent are oxygen-containing gases, which play a role in promoting full combustion and gasification. At the same time, a large amount of heat is released when the oxygen-containing gas participates in the reaction, which can strengthen the heat transfer and mass transfer of the reaction. The sufficient gasification reaction can also reduce the residue of unreacted substances and impurities in the raw material powder and lower the content of impurities such as tar and dust in the syngas.

[0051] In another specific technical solution of the present invention, the raw material powder is any one of straw powder, wood chip powder, coal powder, coke powder, and petroleum coke powder. The gasification burner provided by the present invention is applicable to raw material powders from different sources. Different raw material powders can produce syngas with different compositions and properties during the gasification process. By adjusting the type of raw material powder and the gasification process parameters, syngas suitable for different uses can be produced, such as syngas for synthesizing chemical products such as methanol and ammonia, or fuel gas for gas turbine power generation, etc., improving the flexibility of production and the diversity of products.

[0052] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention: Example 1 The ash content of the raw material powder is 28%, and the ash melting point is 1450 °C, which has the characteristics of high ash content and high ash melting point, large slag discharge amount, and high slag discharge temperature requirement. If the operation is improper and the slag port temperature is too low, the viscosity of the ash slag near the slag port will decrease, making it difficult to flow and discharge the slag, and it is easy to block the slag port. The height of the first spoiler in the raw material powder channel is 12 mm, the spacing is 35 mm, the width is 18 mm, and the spiral angle is 25°; the height of the third spoiler in the outer-ring gasification channel is 9 mm, the spacing is 30 mm, the width is 12 mm, and the spiral angle is 24°. There is no second spoiler. At this time, by adjusting the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve, the proportion of the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate in the total flow rate is set to 30%, increasing the length of the third flame, and the slag port temperature is raised to above 1500 °C. The low viscosity and easy flow of the ash slag at the slag port ensure smooth slag discharge and the stable operation of the gasifier. At this time, the flow field diagram formed by the gasification burner is as Figure 3 shown.

[0053] Example 2 The ash content of the raw material powder is 5%, and the ash melting point is 1100 °C, which has the characteristics of low ash content and low ash melting point, and the slag discharge is relatively easy. However, if the gasifier is lined with water-cooled walls, the water-cooled walls may not be protected by enough slag layers. A spiral pipe is provided in the raw material powder channel; the height of the third spoiler in the outer-ring gasification channel is 9 mm, the spacing is 30 mm, the width is 12 mm, and the spiral angle is 24°. There is no second spoiler. At this time, by adjusting the inner-ring regulating valve and the outer-ring regulating valve, the proportion of the inner-ring gasifying agent flow rate in the total flow rate is set to 16%, providing a greater component velocity towards the wall surface for the raw material powder after it exits the burner, so that more raw material molten slag is entrained onto the gasifier wall surface, providing enough slag layer protection for the wall surface. At this time, the flow field diagram formed by the gasification burner is asFigure 4 as shown

[0054] Example 3 The raw material powder is coke powder, which has the characteristic of poor reaction activity, and a long residence time is required for complete reaction. A spiral pipe is provided in the raw material powder channel; the height of the third spoiler in the outer ring gasification channel is 9 mm, the spacing is 30 mm, the width is 12 mm, and the spiral angle is 24°. There is no second spoiler. At this time, by adjusting the inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve, the proportion of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate in the total flow rate is set to 7%, increasing the swirl intensity of the third flame, increasing the mixing of the raw material powder and the gasifying agent, and strengthening the gasification reaction of the raw material powder. At the same time, through swirl, more raw material powder moves to the wall surface of the gasifier. The residence time of the raw material powder flowing from top to bottom on the wall surface of the gasifier is much longer than the residence time of the raw material powder in the gas phase space of the gasifier, thereby increasing the reaction time of the raw material powder and improving the carbon conversion rate. At this time, the schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner is as Figure 5 as shown

[0055] Example 4 The average particle size of the raw material powder particles is 80 μm, and the particle size is small, and the followability with the gas flow is good. However, the conveying concentration of the raw material powder by pneumatic conveying is low, only less than 200 kg / m3, and the fluctuation of the conveying concentration of the raw material powder easily affects the stability of the gasification reaction. The height of the third spoiler in the outer ring gasification channel is 9 mm, the spacing is 30 mm, the width is 12 mm, and the spiral angle is 24°. There is no first spoiler and second spoiler. At this time, by adjusting the inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve, the proportion of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate in the total flow rate is set to 80%, increasing the jet intensity of the third flame, thereby forming a recirculation zone, and providing a stable heat source for the gasification of the raw material at the burner outlet through the recirculation of the high-temperature gas, playing a role in stabilizing combustion and gasification reaction. Due to the small particle size and good gas followability, most of the particles are recirculated with the gas flow and will not flow out of the gasifier directly with the jet flame. At this time, the schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner is as Figure 6 as shown

[0056] Example 5 The raw material powder is straw powder. The average particle size of the straw powder particles is 200 μm. However, the sphericity of the straw powder is poor, showing a long fibrous or flat flaky shape, and it is easy to be blocked during transportation, resulting in unstable transportation or interrupted flow. There are a total of four raw material powder inlets, and the flow rate of each raw material powder inlet is 10 t / h. The height of the second spoiler in the inner ring gasification channel is 16 mm, the spacing is 25 mm, the width is 16 mm, and the spiral angle is 35°; the height of the third spoiler in the outer ring gasification channel is 9 mm, the spacing is 30 mm, the width is 12 mm, and the spiral angle is 24°. At this time, by adjusting the inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve, the proportion of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate in the total flow rate is set to 25%, which is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels. At this time, the schematic diagram of the flow field formed by the gasification burner is as Figure 7 shown.

[0057] When it is detected that the raw material powder flow rate in any raw material powder inlet channel is lower than the preset threshold A (A = 3 t / h) or the fluctuation range of the raw material powder flow rate in any raw material powder inlet channel exceeds the preset threshold B (B = 2 t / h), the raw material cut-off valve on the raw material powder inlet channel and the inner ring cut-off valve 21 on the inner ring gasification inlet channel 20 are cut off. Then, the inner ring regulating valve 22 and the outer ring regulating valve 42 are adjusted again and the inner ring cut-off valve 21 is opened so that the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1 + F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the total raw material powder flow rate in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels.

[0058] The equipment quantity and processing scale described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. The application, modification and variation of the gasification burner and its gasification method of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0059] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to only the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily achieved. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to specific details and the illustrations shown and described here.

Claims

1. A gasification burner, characterized in that: From inside to outside, it is equipped with: an ignition fuel passage for conveying ignition fuel; an inner ring gasification channel, which is in communication with the inner ring gasification inlet channel to convey an oxidant or an inner ring gasification agent, and; an outer ring gasification passage communicating with the outer ring gasification inlet passage to convey an outer ring gasification agent; and a raw material powder channel, on which a plurality of raw material powder inlet channels connected to the raw material powder channel are provided for conveying the raw material powder; Wherein, an ignition mechanism is provided at the ignition fuel channel or the ignition position of the inner ring gasification channel.

2. The gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A raw material powder cut-off valve and a raw material powder flowmeter are provided on any raw material powder inlet channel; an inner ring cut-off valve, an inner ring regulating valve and an inner ring flowmeter are provided on the inner ring gasification inlet channel in sequence, and an outer ring cut-off valve, an outer ring regulating valve and an outer ring flowmeter are provided on the outer ring gasification inlet channel in sequence, so that the inner gasification agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasification agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the sum of the raw material powder flow rates in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels.

3. The gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an inner ring cooling water channel sleeved between the inner ring gasification channel and the outer ring gasification channel, and an outer ring cooling water channel sleeved outside the raw material powder channel.

4. The gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of spiral first spoilers are evenly arranged in the raw material powder channel along the axial direction thereof, a plurality of spiral second spoilers are evenly arranged in the inner ring gasification channel along the axial direction thereof, and a plurality of spiral third spoilers are evenly arranged in the outer ring gasification channel along the axial direction thereof; wherein the arrangement rule of the first spoilers is as follows: When the average particle size of the raw material powder particles is less than 30 μm, the height of the first spoiler is 8-10 mm, the spacing is 25-30 mm, the width is 10-15 mm, and the spiral angle is 15-20°; When the average particle size of the raw material powder is 30μm≤<50μm, the height of the first spoiler is 11~13mm, the spacing is 31~35mm, the width is 16~18mm, and the spiral angle is 21~35°; When the average particle size of the raw material powder particles is ≥50μm, the height of the first spoiler is 14~16mm, the spacing is 36~40mm, the width is 10~15mm, and the spiral angle is 36~45°; The height of the second spoiler is 12~18mm, the spacing is 20~30mm, the width is 15~18mm, and the spiral angle is 30~45°; The third spoiler has a height of 8-13 mm, a spacing of 25-35 mm, a width of 10-16 mm, and a spiral angle of 20-35°.

5. The gasification burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet of the inner ring gasification channel is of a tapered type; the outlet of the outer ring gasification channel is arranged as an oblique opening inclined toward the outlet of the inner ring gasification channel, and the angle between the oblique opening and the vertical direction is 30-60°.

6. The gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral pipeline extending to the outlet of the gasification burner is arranged in the raw material powder channel, and any raw material powder inlet channel is connected to the spiral pipeline.

7. The gasification method of the gasification burner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: S1, introducing ignition fuel into the ignition channel, introducing combustion aid into the inner ring gasification channel, and igniting through the ignition actuator to form a first flame; S2, conveying raw material powder into the raw material powder channel through a plurality of raw material powder inlet channels, introducing an outer ring gasifying agent into the outer ring gasification channel, and igniting the raw material powder through the first flame to form a second flame; S3, after stopping the introduction of the ignition fuel into the ignition channel and the introduction of the combustion-supporting agent into the inner ring gasification channel, the inner ring gasification agent is introduced into the inner ring gasification channel, so that the raw material powder, the outer ring gasification agent and the inner ring gasification agent form a third flame, and the raw material powder undergoes a gasification reaction; S4, by adjusting the inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve, the internal gasifying agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw material powder flow rate in any normally operating raw material powder inlet channel to the sum of the raw material powder flow rates in all normally operating raw material powder inlet channels; at the same time, the shape of the third flame changes to change the flow field and temperature field of the gasification burner; S5. When it is detected that the raw powder flow rate of any raw powder inlet channel is lower than the preset threshold value A or the fluctuation amplitude of the raw powder flow rate of any raw powder inlet channel exceeds the preset threshold value B, the raw material cut-off valve on the raw powder inlet channel and the inner ring cut-off valve on the inner ring gasification inlet channel are cut off, and the inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve are adjusted again and the inner ring cut-off valve is opened so that the internal gasification agent flow rate F1 and the outer ring gasification agent flow rate F2 satisfy: F1 / (F1+F2) is equal to the ratio of the raw powder flow rate in any normally operating raw powder inlet channel to the sum of the raw powder flow rates in all normally operating raw powder inlet channels.

8. The gasification method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for re-adjusting the inner ring regulating valve and the outer ring regulating valve in step S5 is as follows: S501, based on the historical operation data of the gasification burner, the fuzzy control rules are expressed in the form of IF-THEN, and a fuzzy control rule library is constructed; S502, calculating the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC of the actual ratio of the inner ring gasifying agent flow rate to the outer ring gasifying agent flow rate and the preset ratio according to the inner ring gasifying agent real-time flow rate, the outer ring gasifying agent real-time flow rate and the raw material powder real-time flow rate in each raw material powder inlet channel; S503, using the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC calculated in S502 as input variables of the fuzzy controller, and classifying the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC into corresponding fuzzy subsets according to the fuzzy subset partitioning rule to obtain fuzzy values ​​of the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC; S504, selecting a fuzzy control rule that matches the fuzzy value of the deviation E and the deviation change rate EC obtained in S503 from the fuzzy control rule library constructed in S501, and using the Mamdani reasoning method or the Larsen reasoning method to obtain the fuzzy opening range of the inner loop control valve and the outer loop control valve; S505. Use the centroid method or the maximum membership method to convert the fuzzy opening ranges of the inner loop regulating valve and the outer loop regulating valve obtained in S504 into precise opening values ​​of the inner loop regulating valve and the outer loop regulating valve, and adjust the inner loop regulating valve and the outer loop regulating valve.

9. The gasification method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner ring gasifying agent and the outer ring gasifying agent are both oxygen-containing gases.

10. The gasification method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The raw material powder is any one of straw powder, sawdust powder, coal powder, coke powder and petroleum coke powder.

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