Method for controllably releasing biomolecules and biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomolecules, and discloses a method for controllably releasing biomolecules and a biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules, the method for controllably releasing biomolecules comprises the following steps: step A, a preparation stage; step B, microstructuring treatment: processing the biomolecule-high-molecular polymer conjugate into a biochip with a microstructure; step C, stimuli-responsive elements are introduced into the biochip for stimuli-responsive setting; step D, packaging and protecting; step E, controllable release; the invention discloses a biochip capable of controllably releasing biomolecules. The biochip is provided with a microstructural biomolecule-high-molecular polymer conjugate layer, a stimuli-responsive layer, a packaging layer and a sensor. By introducing stimuli-responsive elements which are sensitive to specific external stimuli, the release rate and the release mode of the biomolecules can be accurately controlled by accurately regulating and controlling the external stimuli.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomolecular technology, and specifically to a method for controllably releasing biomolecules and a biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules. Background Art

[0002] Biochip technology is an important branch of modern biotechnology, which combines multiple disciplines such as biology, physics, chemistry, and computer science to achieve high-throughput, miniaturized, and integrated processing of biomolecules. A biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules is an advanced biochip technology. By a specific method, biomolecules are combined with a high molecular polymer to form a biomolecule-high molecular polymer conjugate. By controlling external conditions, controllable release of biomolecules can be achieved to meet the requirements of specific application scenarios.

[0003] Although certain progress has been made in the biochip technology for controllably releasing biomolecules, there are still some problems in the prior art. Although the release of biomolecules can be controlled by external conditions such as temperature and ultrasound, the current control accuracy still needs to be improved. In addition, when the biochip comes into contact with biological liquids, cells, and tissues, it is necessary to maintain good biocompatibility to avoid adverse effects on the biological system; in the prior art, the surface treatment methods and material selections of some biochips may not fully meet the requirements of biocompatibility. Based on this, the present invention designs a method for controllably releasing biomolecules and a biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for controllably releasing biomolecules and a biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules, which solves the problems of accuracy and biocompatibility in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for controllably releasing biomolecules, comprising the following steps: Step A, preparation stage, select and prepare a high molecular polymer matrix with specific functional groups and the biomolecules to be released. The biomolecules are combined with the high molecular polymer matrix through chemical bonds to form a biomolecule-high molecular polymer conjugate; Step B, microstructuring treatment, using microfabrication technology, process the biomolecule-high molecular polymer conjugate into a biochip with microstructures, and the microstructures include but are not limited to micropores, microchannels, or microarrays to optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of biomolecules; Step C, introducing a stimulus-responsive element into the biochip. This element is sensitive to specific external stimuli, including temperature, light, pH changes, electric and magnetic field stimuli. By adjusting the external stimuli, the release rate and release pattern of biomolecules from the polymer matrix can be controlled. Step D, encapsulation and protection. The processed biochip is encapsulated to protect it from the external environment, while ensuring the effectiveness of the stimulus-responsive element and the long-term stability of biomolecules. Step E, controlled release. At the moment when biomolecules need to be released, the stimulus-responsive element is triggered by precisely regulating the external stimuli, thus achieving the controlled release of biomolecules.

[0006] Preferably, the polymer matrix is a biocompatible material, including but not limited to polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), chitosan, hyaluronic acid or its derivatives; the biomolecules include but not limited to proteins, polypeptides, nucleic acids (DNA / RNA), antibodies, enzymes, drug molecules or cytokines.

[0007] Preferably, the polymer matrix is a biocompatible material, including but not limited to polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), chitosan, hyaluronic acid or its derivatives; the biomolecules include but not limited to proteins, polypeptides, nucleic acids (DNA / RNA), antibodies, enzymes, drug molecules or cytokines.

[0008] Preferably, the stimulus-responsive element is a thermosensitive polymer, a photosensitive polymer, a pH-sensitive polymer, an electroactive polymer or a magnetic-responsive nanoparticle.

[0009] Preferably, a biochip for controlled release of biomolecules includes: (a) A biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer with microstructures for optimizing the release efficiency and spatial distribution of biomolecules; (b) A stimulus-responsive layer located below the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer for responding to external stimuli and controlling the release of biomolecules; (c) An encapsulation layer for protecting the biochip from the external environment, while ensuring the effectiveness of the stimulus-responsive layer and the long-term stability of biomolecules; (d) A sensor connected to the stimulus-responsive layer for real-time feedback on the release status of biomolecules.

[0010] Preferably, for the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer with microstructures, the design of the microstructures further includes customized design according to the size, shape and release requirements of the biomolecules; for the stimulus-responsive layer, the material selection and design take into account biocompatibility, response speed, reversibility and stability.

[0011] Preferably, the materials and methods used for the encapsulation layer have excellent sealing performance, which can block moisture, oxygen and other environmental factors that may affect the activity of biomolecules, so as to accurately trigger the stimulus-responsive layer; the sensor uses high-precision and low-power sensing technology, and can monitor the release concentration, rate of biomolecules and changes in environmental parameters in real time.

[0012] Preferably, it includes one or more communication interfaces for wireless connection with external devices to realize functions such as remote monitoring, data recording and program updating; the communication interfaces support multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC (Near Field Communication), Zigbee or dedicated communication protocols, to meet the data transmission requirements in different application scenarios.

[0013] Preferably, a data processing unit is integrated inside the biochip, including a microprocessor and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which are used to process the data collected by the sensor, execute preset algorithms to optimize the release strategy of biomolecules, and exchange information with external devices through the communication interface.

[0014] Preferably, the biochip is also designed with a user-friendly interface, including LED indicators, a small display and a sound reminder device, which are used to intuitively display the release status, remaining amount of biomolecules and maintenance reminders; the biochip also has a self-diagnosis function, which can detect and report any potential faults and performance degradation, including sensor faults, damage to the encapsulation layer and weakening of the stimulus responsiveness.

[0015] Preferably, the biochip uses a modular structure, so that the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer, the stimulus-responsive layer, the encapsulation layer and the sensor components can be independently replaced or upgraded.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, by introducing stimulus-responsive elements that are sensitive to specific external stimuli, through precise regulation of these external stimuli, precise control of the release rate and release mode of biomolecules can be achieved; in addition, microstructuring is used to optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of biomolecules, further improving the accuracy of control, achieving high controllability of the biomolecule release process, and meeting the requirements for biomolecule release accuracy in different application scenarios.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, a polymer matrix with good biocompatibility is selected and combined with the biomolecule to be released through chemical bonds to form a stable biomolecule-polymer conjugate. Meanwhile, the material selection of the stimulus-responsive layer also takes biocompatibility into consideration to ensure that no adverse effects will occur when contacting with biological systems.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, a communication interface and a data processing unit are integrated in the biochip, which support multiple communication protocols and enable wireless connection with external devices. Through the communication interface, the biochip can remotely receive monitoring instructions, data recording requests, and program update packages, and transmit information such as the data collected by the sensor and the release status of biomolecules to external devices in real time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for controllably releasing biomolecules of the present invention; Figure 2 is a composition diagram of the biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules of the present invention; Figure 3 is a content diagram of the biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 , in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for controllably releasing biomolecules includes the following steps: Step A, preparation stage: Select and prepare a polymer matrix with specific functional groups and the biomolecule to be released. The biomolecule is combined with the polymer matrix through chemical bonds to form a biomolecule-polymer conjugate; Step B, microstructuring: Using microfabrication technology, the biomolecule-polymer conjugate is processed into a biochip with microstructures, which include but are not limited to micropores, microchannels, or microarrays, to optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of biomolecules; Step C, stimulus-responsive: Introduce stimulus-responsive elements into the biochip, which are sensitive to specific external stimuli, including temperature, light, pH value changes, electric and magnetic field stimuli. By adjusting the external stimuli, the release rate and release mode of biomolecules from the polymer matrix can be controlled; Step D, Encapsulation and Protection: The processed biochip is encapsulated to protect it from the external environment, while ensuring the effectiveness of the stimulus-responsive elements and the long-term stability of biomolecules. Step E, Controlled Release: At the moment when biomolecules need to be released, the stimulus-responsive elements are triggered by precisely regulating external stimuli, thereby achieving the controlled release of biomolecules.

[0022] The polymer matrix is a biocompatible material, including but not limited to polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), chitosan, hyaluronic acid or its derivatives; biomolecules include but not limited to proteins, polypeptides, nucleic acids (DNA / RNA), antibodies, enzymes, drug molecules or cytokines.

[0023] The stimulus-responsive elements are thermosensitive polymers, photosensitive polymers, pH-sensitive polymers, electroactive polymers or magnetoresponsive nanoparticles.

[0024] The working principle of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: In the preparation stage (Step A), the present invention first selects and prepares a polymer matrix with specific functional groups. These polymer matrices are all biocompatible materials, such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), chitosan, hyaluronic acid or its derivatives, etc. These materials have good biocompatibility and degradability, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of biomolecules during the release process. At the same time, the biomolecules to be released are bound to the polymer matrix through chemical bonds to form a biomolecule-polymer conjugate.

[0025] In the microstructuring stage (Step B), the present invention uses microfabrication techniques to process the biomolecule-polymer conjugate into a biochip with microstructures. These microstructures include but are not limited to micropores, microchannels or microarrays, etc., which can optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of biomolecules. By precisely controlling the size and shape of the microstructures, the initial regulation of the release rate of biomolecules is achieved, so as to meet the requirements of different application scenarios.

[0026] In the stimulus-responsive setting stage (Step C), the present invention introduces stimulus-responsive elements into the biochip. These elements are sensitive to specific external stimuli, including temperature, light, pH changes, electric and magnetic field stimuli, etc. By adjusting these external stimuli, the present invention can further control the release rate and release pattern of biomolecules from the polymer matrix. For example, when the external temperature rises, the thermosensitive polymer undergoes a conformational change, thus accelerating the release of biomolecules; when the external light intensity increases, the photosensitive polymer absorbs light energy and undergoes a chemical reaction, thereby triggering the release of biomolecules, etc. This stimulus-responsive mechanism enables the present invention to precisely control the biomolecule release process.

[0027] In the encapsulation and protection stage (Step D), the present invention performs an encapsulation process on the processed biochip. This step aims to protect the biochip from the influence of the external environment, such as humidity, temperature fluctuations, chemical substance erosion, etc. At the same time, the encapsulation process can also ensure the effectiveness of the stimulus-responsive elements and the long-term stability of biomolecules.

[0028] In the controlled release stage (Step E), the present invention triggers the stimulus-responsive elements by precisely regulating external stimuli, thereby achieving the controlled release of biomolecules. This step is the core of the present invention's method. By adjusting parameters such as the type, intensity, and duration of external stimuli, the present invention can precisely control key indicators such as the release rate, release time, and release amount of biomolecules.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a biochip for controllably releasing biomolecules includes: (a) a biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer with microstructures, where the microstructures are used to optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of biomolecules; (b) a stimulus-responsive layer located under the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer, which is used to respond to external stimuli and control the release of biomolecules; (c) an encapsulation layer for protecting the biochip from the external environment, while ensuring the effectiveness of the stimulus-responsive layer and the long-term stability of biomolecules; (d) a sensor connected to the stimulus-responsive layer for providing real-time feedback on the release state of biomolecules.

[0030] The biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer with microstructures, the design of its microstructures further includes customized design according to the size, shape, and release requirements of biomolecules; the stimulus-responsive layer, the material selection and design of which consider biocompatibility, response speed, reversibility, and stability.

[0031] The materials and methods used for the encapsulation layer have excellent sealing performance, which can block moisture, oxygen, and other environmental factors that may affect the activity of biomolecules, so as to accurately trigger the stimulus-responsive layer; the sensor, adopting high-precision and low-power consumption sensing technology, can monitor the release concentration, rate of biomolecules, and changes in environmental parameters in real time.

[0032] The working principle of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: First, the core layer of the biochip of the present invention is a biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer (a) with microstructures, which is formed by chemically bonding biomolecules with a polymer matrix, and the biomolecules are uniformly embedded or adsorbed in the polymer matrix. These microstructures include but are not limited to micropores, microchannels, microarrays, etc., which can optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of biomolecules, and ensure that biomolecules can be released uniformly and stably into the target environment during the release process.

[0033] Below the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer is the stimulus-responsive layer (b). The main function of this layer is to respond to external stimuli and control the release of biomolecules. The materials of the stimulus-responsive layer need to have good biocompatibility, fast response speed, reversibility, and stability. These materials include but are not limited to thermosensitive polymers, photosensitive polymers, pH-sensitive polymers, electroactive polymers, or magnetic-responsive nanoparticles, etc. When external stimuli, such as temperature, light, pH value change, electric field, or magnetic field, act on the stimulus-responsive layer, its conformation or chemical properties will change, thus triggering the release of biomolecules. By adjusting the type, intensity, and duration of external stimuli, the release rate and release mode of biomolecules can be precisely controlled.

[0034] To protect the biochip from the influence of the external environment and ensure the effectiveness of the stimulus-responsive layer and the long-term stability of biomolecules, the present invention also designs an encapsulation layer (c). The materials and methods used for the encapsulation layer have excellent sealing performance and can effectively block moisture, oxygen, and other environmental factors that may affect the activity of biomolecules.

[0035] In addition, the biochip of the present invention is also equipped with a sensor (d). The sensor is connected to the stimulus-responsive layer and adopts high-precision and low-power consumption sensing technology, which can monitor the release concentration, rate of biomolecules, and changes in environmental parameters in real time. Through the information fed back by the sensor, the type and intensity of external stimuli can be adjusted in real time, so as to achieve precise control of the biomolecule release process.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3, in the embodiments of the present invention, it further includes one or more communication interfaces for wireless connection with external devices to achieve functions such as remote monitoring, data recording, and program updating; the communication interfaces support multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC (Near Field Communication), Zigbee, or proprietary communication protocols, to adapt to data transmission requirements in different application scenarios.

[0037] Inside the biochip, a data processing unit is integrated, including a microprocessor and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which is used to process the data collected by the sensors, execute preset algorithms to optimize the release strategy of biomolecules, and exchange information with external devices through the communication interface.

[0038] The biochip is also designed with a user-friendly interaction interface, including LED indicators, a small display screen, and a sound prompting device, which are used to intuitively display the release status, remaining amount of biomolecules, and maintenance prompts; the biochip also has a self-diagnosis function, which can detect and report any potential faults and performance degradation, including sensor faults, damage to the encapsulation layer, and weakening of the stimulus responsiveness.

[0039] The biochip uses a modular structure, enabling the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer, stimulus-responsive layer, encapsulation layer, and sensor components to be independently replaced or upgraded.

[0040] The working principle of the embodiments of the present invention is that the selection of communication protocols aims to adapt to data transmission requirements in different application scenarios, ensuring that the biochip can achieve stable and efficient wireless connection with external devices. Through the communication interface, the biochip can remotely receive monitoring instructions, data recording requests, and program update packages from external devices, and at the same time, it can also transmit information such as the data collected by the sensors, the release status of biomolecules, and the self-diagnosis results to external devices in real time.

[0041] Inside the biochip, a data processing unit is also integrated, which is composed of a microprocessor and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The data processing unit is responsible for processing the data collected by the sensors and executing preset algorithms to optimize the release strategy of biomolecules. For example, according to information such as the release concentration, rate of biomolecules, and changes in environmental parameters, the data processing unit can automatically adjust the type and intensity of external stimuli, thereby achieving precise control of the biomolecule release process. At the same time, the data processing unit also exchanges information with external devices through the communication interface to achieve the functions of remote monitoring and program updating.

[0042] The interactive interface includes LED indicators, a small display screen, and a sound notification device. The LED indicators can display the release status of biomolecules, such as being released, release paused, etc.; the small display screen can display information such as the remaining amount of biomolecules, release rate, and maintenance reminder in real time; the sound notification device can issue a sound alarm in specific situations, such as when the biomolecules are about to run out, sensor failure, etc., to remind the user to take timely measures. The biochip also has a self-diagnosis function. Through the built-in fault diagnosis algorithm, the biochip can detect and report any potential faults and performance degradation, including sensor failure, damage to the encapsulation layer, and weakened stimulus responsiveness, etc.

[0043] Working principle: In the preparation stage, this invention selects a polymer matrix with good biocompatibility and binds it to the biomolecules to be released through chemical bonds to form a stable biomolecule-polymer conjugate. This step ensures the safety and stability of biomolecules during storage and transportation; using microfabrication technology, the biomolecule-polymer conjugate is processed into a biochip with microstructures. These microstructures are custom-designed to optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of biomolecules, ensuring that biomolecules can be released evenly and stably into the target environment; in the biochip, a stimulus-responsive layer is also introduced. This layer is sensitive to specific external stimuli. By adjusting these external stimuli, the release rate and release pattern of biomolecules from the polymer matrix can be precisely controlled. This stimulus-responsive mechanism makes the release process of biomolecules controllable and flexible; in order to protect the biochip from the external environment and ensure the effectiveness of the stimulus-responsive layer and the long-term stability of biomolecules. This invention also designs an encapsulation layer. The encapsulation layer uses materials and methods with excellent sealing performance, which can effectively block moisture, oxygen, and other environmental factors that may affect the activity of biomolecules.

[0044] In addition, the biochip is also equipped with high-precision, low-power sensors for real-time monitoring of the release concentration, rate of biomolecules, and changes in environmental parameters. The sensors are connected to the stimulus-responsive layer. Through the feedback information, the type and intensity of external stimuli can be adjusted in real time, thereby further optimizing the release strategy of biomolecules.

[0045] The biochip of the present invention also integrates a communication interface and a data processing unit. The communication interface supports multiple communication protocols, enabling the biochip to wirelessly connect to external devices and achieve functions such as remote monitoring, data recording, and program updating. The data processing unit is responsible for processing the data collected by the sensors, executing preset algorithms to optimize the release strategy of biomolecules, and exchanging information with external devices through the communication interface. The biochip also features a user-friendly interaction interface and a self-diagnosis function. The interaction interface can intuitively display information such as the release status of biomolecules, the remaining quantity, and maintenance reminders; while the self-diagnosis function can detect and report any potential faults and performance degradation to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the biochip.

[0046] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlled release of biomolecules, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A, preparation stage, selecting and preparing a polymer matrix with specific functional groups and a biomolecule to be released, wherein the biomolecule is combined with the polymer matrix through chemical bonds to form a biomolecule-polymer conjugate; Step B, microstructuring, using microfabrication technology to process the biomolecule-polymer conjugate into a biochip with a microstructure, wherein the microstructure includes but is not limited to micropores, microchannels or microarrays, so as to optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of the biomolecules; Step C, stimulus responsiveness: introducing stimulus responsive elements into the biochip, which are sensitive to specific external stimuli, including temperature, light, pH changes, electric and magnetic field stimulations, and can control the release rate and release pattern of biomolecules from the polymer matrix by adjusting the external stimuli; Step D, packaging and protection, packaging the processed biochip to protect it from the external environment while ensuring the effectiveness of the stimulus-responsive elements and the long-term stability of the biomolecules; Step E, controlled release, is to trigger the stimulus-responsive element by precisely regulating the external stimulus at the moment when the biomolecule needs to be released, thereby achieving controlled release of the biomolecule.

2. A method for controlled release of biomolecules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high molecular polymer matrix is ​​a biocompatible material, including but not limited to polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), chitosan, hyaluronic acid or its derivatives; the biomolecules include but are not limited to proteins, polypeptides, nucleic acids (DNA / RNA), antibodies, enzymes, drug molecules or cytokines.

3. A method for controlled release of biomolecules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stimulus responsive element is a thermosensitive polymer, a photosensitive polymer, a pH sensitive polymer, an electroactive polymer or a magnetic responsive nanoparticle.

4. A biochip capable of controlled release of biomolecules, characterized in that: The method according to claim 1 comprises: (a) A biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer having a microstructure, wherein the microstructure is used to optimize the release efficiency and spatial distribution of the biomolecules; (b) a stimuli-responsive layer, located below the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer, for responding to external stimuli and controlling the release of biomolecules; (c) an encapsulation layer that protects the biochip from the external environment while ensuring the effectiveness of the stimuli-responsive layer and the long-term stability of the biomolecules; (d) Sensor, connected to the stimuli-responsive layer, for real-time feedback of the release status of biomolecules.

5. The biochip capable of controlled release of biomolecules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microstructure design of the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer with a microstructure further includes customized design according to the size, shape and release requirements of the biomolecules; the material selection and design of the stimulus responsive layer take into account biocompatibility, response speed, reversibility and stability.

6. The biochip capable of controlled release of biomolecules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The materials and methods used in the encapsulation layer have excellent sealing properties, which can block moisture, oxygen and other environmental factors that may affect the activity of biological molecules, so as to accurately trigger the stimulus responsive layer; the sensor uses high-precision, low-power sensing technology, which can monitor the release concentration, rate and environmental parameter changes of biological molecules in real time.

7. The biochip capable of controlled release of biomolecules according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes one or more communication interfaces for wirelessly connecting to external devices to achieve remote monitoring, data recording and program update functions; the communication interface supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC (near field communication), Zigbee or dedicated communication protocols to adapt to data transmission requirements in different application scenarios.

8. The biochip capable of controlled release of biomolecules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The biochip is internally integrated with a data processing unit, including a microprocessor and an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which is used to process data collected by the sensor, execute a preset algorithm to optimize the release strategy of the biomolecules, and exchange information with external devices through a communication interface.

9. The biochip capable of controlled release of biomolecules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The biochip is also designed with a user-friendly interactive interface, including an LED indicator light, a small display screen and a sound prompt device, which is used to intuitively display the release status, remaining amount and maintenance prompts of biological molecules; the biochip also has a self-diagnostic function that can detect and report any potential failures and performance degradation, including sensor failure, damage to the packaging layer and weakened stimulus responsiveness.

10. The biochip capable of controlled release of biomolecules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The biochip uses a modular structure so that the biomolecule-polymer conjugate layer, stimulus responsive layer, encapsulation layer and sensor components can be replaced or upgraded independently.

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