High-efficiency leather collar drafting spinning device and spinning method

Abstract

The invention provides a leather collar efficient drafting spinning device and spinning method.The device comprises a front row of drafting roller pairs, a middle row of drafting roller pairs and a rear row of drafting roller pairs which are independently driven, a lower roller set of the rear drafting roller pair comprises an active driving lower roller and a plurality of passive driving lower rollers, the lower roller set is sleeved with a lower leather collar, an upper rubber roller is sleeved with an upper leather collar, and the upper rubber roller is sleeved with a lower rubber collar; a tread friction force field which is of a plane structure and contains linear reinforcing ribs is formed between the upper leather ring and the lower leather ring, so that the short fiber roving enters a drafting system in a stable internal friction force field, and the uniform large drafting effect in a rear drafting area is achieved; a certain number of middle driven control lower rollers and corresponding upper rubber rollers are arranged in front of lower rollers of the middle drafting roller pair, and lower leather rings and upper leather rings are arranged on the lower rollers and the upper rubber rollers respectively, so that a plane friction control force field with an elastic linear jaw friction force field is achieved, and concentrated super-large drafting in a front drafting area is achieved. Therefore, high-efficiency large drafting of the drafting system is achieved, and resultant yarn comprehensive quality and product added value are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spinning, in particular to an efficient apron drafting spinning device and a spinning method. Background Art

[0002] Fancy yarn refers to a yarn with special structure and appearance effects obtained by processing fibers or yarns with special raw materials, special equipment or special processes during the spinning and thread-making processes. It is a kind of decorative yarn in yarn products. The fancy yarn has a unique structure, flexible shape, rich color performance, diversified use of raw materials and creativity. These characteristics make it easy for fancy yarn products to bring forth new ideas and produce more differentiated textile products. In the current era of pursuing personalized consumption, the market gives a broad space for fancy yarns. Drafting is the most important link in the production of fine yarn. During drafting, fibers are gradually drawn out one by one from the surrounding fiber groups. Due to mutual friction, the hooks are gradually eliminated and the curls are gradually straightened. In this way, the lateral connection remaining inside each fiber may be completely eliminated, creating conditions for firmly establishing a regular head-to-tail connection relationship. Therefore, the effective control of fibers during the drafting process is an important condition for achieving excellent drafting effects.

[0003] During the drafting process, the control force exerted on the fibers comes from friction, including the external friction generated by the drafting elements when contacting the fibers, and the internal friction formed by the mutual entanglement of the fibers. Among them, the internal friction is mainly controlled by the twist of the fed roving, and the external friction is mainly generated by the drafting elements. How to set appropriate drafting elements and then generate a corresponding external friction field to control the movement of fibers during the drafting process is the key to improving the drafting efficiency and the quality of the spun yarn. In the currently commonly used drafting system, upper and lower apron structures are respectively arranged on the upper rubber roller and the lower roller of the middle drafting roller pair, so as to form an external friction field for controlling the movement of fibers in the front drafting zone between the mutually pressed upper and lower aprons, and achieve the large drafting effect in the front drafting zone. However, the distribution of the friction field in this apron structure is relatively single and cannot better meet the changing requirements of the friction force required during the drafting process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient apron drafting spinning device and a spinning method to solve the problems in the prior art. By arranging an apron structure in the drafting system, a planar friction control force field with a certain number of elastic linear jaw friction force fields is realized, and then the corresponding control of the fibers in the drafting zone is achieved, realizing the efficient large drafting of the drafting system and improving the comprehensive quality of the spun yarn and the added value of the product.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device, including a drafting system. The drafting system includes a rear ladder plane friction field with a certain length in a planar structure. The rear end of the rear ladder plane friction field is a rear holding continuous conveying straight jaw, and the front end is a rear holding continuous output straight jaw. Between the two, a certain number of rear holding continuous input straight jaws are distributed;

[0006] A middle ladder plane friction field with a certain length in a planar structure. The rear end of the middle ladder plane friction field is a middle holding continuous input straight jaw, and the front end is a middle elastic continuous input straight jaw. Between the two, a certain number of middle elastic continuous conveying straight jaws are distributed;

[0007] A front holding continuous output straight jaw in a linear structure.

[0008] For the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device as described above, preferably, the number of the rear holding continuous input straight jaws is between 1 and 2.

[0009] For the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device as described above, preferably, the number of the middle elastic continuous conveying straight jaws is between 1 and 3.

[0010] For the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device as described above, preferably, the rotational linear speeds of the rear holding continuous output straight jaw, the rear holding continuous input straight jaw, and the rear holding continuous conveying straight jaw are kept consistent.

[0011] For the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device as described above, preferably, the rotational linear speeds of the middle holding continuous input straight jaw, the middle elastic continuous input straight jaw, and the middle elastic continuous conveying straight jaw are kept consistent.

[0012] For the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device as described above, preferably, a rear drafting zone is formed between the rear holding continuous output straight jaw and the middle holding continuous input straight jaw.

[0013] For the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device as described above, preferably, a front drafting zone is formed between the middle holding continuous input straight jaw and the front holding continuous output straight jaw.

[0014] For the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device as described above, preferably, the rear ladder plane friction field is formed by directly contacting and pressing the upper and lower aprons supported by a fixed support.

[0015] For the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device as described above, preferably, the middle holding continuous input straight jaw of the middle ladder plane friction field is formed by directly contacting and pressing the upper and lower aprons supported by a fixed support, and the other parts of the middle ladder plane friction field are formed by directly contacting and pressing the upper and lower aprons with lower elastic support and upper fixed support.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency apron drafting spinning method, which utilizes the aforementioned high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device;

[0017] During spinning, the short fiber roving wound on the roving bobbin as required is fed into the drafting system. At this time, the short fiber roving is first directly fed into the straight nip of the rear holding continuously, and then under the control of the rear ladder plane friction field, the short fiber roving is flattened and frictionally straightened under the action of the plane friction field of the rear ladder plane friction field at the non-rear line friction control force field. Then, it is pressed and adjusted in turn at the rear line friction control force field of the rear ladder plane friction field, so as to realize the intermittent flattening, straightening, pressing and adjusting of the short fiber roving in the rear ladder plane friction field. Finally, the short fiber roving in a flat shape and having a stable internal friction field is continuously output from the rear holding straight nip and enters the rear drafting zone;

[0018] In the rear drafting zone, the short fiber roving is first directly fed into the straight nip of the middle holding continuously. In the rear drafting zone formed between the straight nip of the rear holding continuous output and the straight nip of the middle holding continuous input, the fiber strip with reduced linear density is obtained under the drafting action. At this time, since the short fiber roving is in a flat shape and has a stable internal friction field, the short fibers in the cross section of the short fiber roving are distributed in a nearly two-dimensional plane in the rear drafting zone, so that the short fibers distributed in a nearly two-dimensional plane in the cross section of the short fiber roving continuously and stably enter the one-dimensional straight line at the straight nip of the middle holding continuous input directly connected to the two-dimensional plane, realizing the stable variable speed of the short fibers in the short fiber roving at the straight nip of the middle holding continuous input. Then, under the control of the middle ladder plane friction field, the fiber strip is flattened and frictionally straightened under the action of the plane friction field of the middle ladder plane friction field at the non-middle line friction control force field. Then, it is elastically pressed in turn at the middle line friction control force field of the middle ladder plane friction field, and under the elastic pressing action, the fibers in the fiber strip are stably conveyed forward at the same linear speed as the straight nip of the middle holding continuous input. Finally, the fiber strip in a flat shape and having a stable internal friction field is held by the straight nip of the middle holding continuous output and enters the front drafting zone;

[0019] In the front draft zone, the sliver is directly held and output continuously by the front holding straight nip. In the front draft zone formed between the middle holding continuous output straight nip and the front holding continuous output straight nip, the sliver is drafted to obtain a fiber band with a reduced linear density. At this time, since the sliver is flat and has a stable internal friction field, the short fibers in the cross-section of the sliver are completely distributed in a two-dimensional plane in the front draft zone, so that the short fibers completely distributed in a two-dimensional plane in the cross-section of the sliver continuously and stably enter the one-dimensional straight line at the front holding continuous output straight nip directly connected to the two-dimensional plane. Under the comprehensive control of the stable internal friction field of the sliver and the middle ladder plane friction field, a certain number of fibers in the sliver are continuously pulled out directly by the front holding continuous output straight nip, obtaining a fiber band with fibers distributed in a two-dimensional plane and without twist, and the short fibers in the output fiber band are arranged straight without intersection;

[0020] The fiber band output by the drafting system is twisted to obtain yarn under the action of the twisting twist transmitted by the spinning frame twisting system, and the yarn is wound around the yarn bobbin in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. During this process, the main motor drives all the spindles to rotate through the spindle belt, and then drives the yarn bobbin to rotate. The rotation of the yarn bobbin then drives the yarn to pass through the yarn guide hook and the traveller in sequence and wind around the yarn bobbin, so that the traveller rotates around the ring. At this time, since the yarn is a flexible structure and due to the weight of the traveller itself, the rotation speed of the traveller is less than the rotation speed of the yarn bobbin. The rotational speed difference between the two makes the yarn continuously wind around the yarn bobbin. At the same time, the rotation of the traveller drives the yarn to rotate axially, and then twists the yarn to generate a twisting twist. The generated twisting twist is transmitted from bottom to top. When it reaches the twisting point, the fiber band is twisted at the twisting point under the action of the transmitted twisting twist to obtain the final yarn.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a front, middle, and rear three-column drafting roller pair with separate drives. The rear drafting roller pair includes a lower roller group and an upper apron group. The lower roller group includes a driving lower roller fixedly connected to a roller shaft through a roller sleeve driven by a transmission shaft and a plurality of driven lower rollers with roller sleeves bearing-connected to the roller shaft. An lower apron is sleeved on the driving lower roller and the driven lower rollers, and an upper apron is sleeved on the corresponding upper aprons. Then, a stepped friction force field with a planar structure of a certain length containing equally spaced linear reinforcing ribs is formed between the upper apron and the lower apron, realizing the pressing, smoothing, and pressing setting of the fed short staple roving before entering the drafting system, so that the short staple roving enters the drafting system with a stable internal friction force field. Then, the short staple roving realizes a uniform large drafting effect in the rear drafting zone under the control of the stable internal friction force field. By arranging a certain number of middle driven control lower rollers and corresponding upper aprons in the front of the middle drafting roller pair, and arranging middle lower aprons on each lower roller and middle upper aprons on the corresponding upper aprons, a planar friction control force field with a certain number of elastic linear jaw friction force fields is realized. Then, the fibers realize a concentrated and super-large drafting effect in the front drafting zone under the comprehensive control of the stable internal friction force field and the external planar friction control force field, thereby realizing the high-efficiency large drafting of the drafting system and improving the comprehensive quality of the spun yarn and the added value of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the apron high-efficiency drafting spinning device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the front support seat of the present invention.

[0024] Description of the reference numerals: 1 - roving, 2 - rear driving lower roller driven actively, 3 - rear driving upper rubber roller driven actively, 4 - middle driving lower roller driven actively, 5 - middle driving upper rubber roller driven actively, 6 - front driving lower roller driven actively, 7 - front driving upper rubber roller driven actively, 8 - rear transmission shaft, 9 - rear driven lower roller driven passively, 10 - rear driven upper rubber roller driven passively, 11 - middle passively controlled lower roller, 12 - middle passively controlled upper rubber roller, 13 - driving roller shaft, 14 - driving roller sleeve, 15 - driven roller shaft, 16 - driven roller sleeve, 17 - rubber roller shaft, 18 - rubber roller sleeve, 19 - rear lower apron, 20 - rear lower elastic tensioner, 21 - rear upper apron, 22 - rear upper elastic tensioner, 23 - middle lower apron, 24 - middle lower elastic tensioner, 25 - middle upper apron, 26 - middle upper elastic tensioner, 27 - yarn guide hook, 28 - bobbin, 29 - traveller, 30 - ring, 31 - first servo motor, 32 - second servo motor, 33 - third servo motor, 34 - programmable logic controller, 35 - front support base, 36 - embedding groove, 37 - left front sliding groove, 38 - left rear sliding groove, 39 - right front sliding groove, 40 - right rear sliding groove, 41 - lifting support assembly, 42 - lifting rod, 43 - telescopic spring, 44 - left connecting nut, 45 - right connecting nut. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides a high-efficiency apron drafting spinning method, which adopts a high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device. By arranging an apron structure in the drafting system, a planar frictional control force field with a certain number of elastic linear jaw frictional force fields is realized, and then the corresponding control of the fibers in the drafting zone is realized, so as to realize the high-efficiency large drafting of the drafting system and improve the comprehensive quality of the spun yarn and the added value of the product.

[0027] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device includes a drafting system, and the drafting system includes three rows of drafting roller pairs: a rear roller drafting pair composed of a rear lower roller group and a rear upper rubber roller group, a middle roller drafting pair composed of a middle driving lower roller 4 driven actively and a middle driving upper rubber roller 5 driven actively, and a front roller drafting pair composed of a front driving lower roller 6 driven actively and a front driving upper rubber roller 7 driven actively. The rear lower roller group includes 1 rear driving lower roller 2 driven actively and a certain number of rear driven lower rollers 9 driven passively. The number of the rear driven lower rollers 9 is between 1 and 2, and the rear driven lower rollers 9 are located at the rear of the rear driving lower roller 2. A certain number of middle passively controlled lower rollers 11 are arranged in front of the middle driving lower roller 4. The number of the middle passively controlled lower rollers 11 is between 1 and 3.

[0028] The rear actively driven lower roller 2, the middle actively driven lower roller 4, and the front actively driven lower roller 6 include an active roller shaft 13. The active roller shaft 13 is made of iron or steel. An active roller sleeve 14 is sleeved on the active roller shaft 13. The material of the active roller sleeve 14 is exactly the same as that of the active roller shaft 13. The active roller sleeve 14 and the active roller shaft 13 are integrally and fixedly connected. The rear passively driven lower roller 9 and the middle passively controlled lower roller 11 include a passive roller shaft 15. The passive roller shaft 15 is made of iron or steel. A passive roller sleeve 16 is sleeved on the passive roller shaft 15. The material of the passive roller sleeve 16 is exactly the same as that of the passive roller shaft 15. The passive roller sleeve 16 and the passive roller shaft 15 are connected by bearings, so that the passive roller sleeve 16 can rotate freely around the passive roller shaft 15. The active roller sleeve 14 of the middle actively driven lower roller 4 has the same diameter as the passive roller sleeve 16 of the middle passively controlled lower roller 11.

[0029] The active roller sleeve 14 of the rear actively driven lower roller 2 has the same diameter as the passive roller sleeve 16 of the rear passively driven lower roller 9. A rear transmission shaft 8 is provided between the active roller sleeve 14 of the rear actively driven lower roller 2 and the passive roller sleeve 16 of the adjacent rear passively driven lower roller 9, and between the passive roller sleeves 16 of the adjacent rear passively driven lower rollers 9. The diameter of the rear transmission shaft 8 is smaller than the diameters of the active roller sleeve 14 of the rear actively driven lower roller 2 and the passive roller sleeve 16 of the rear passively driven lower roller 9. The rear transmission shaft 8 is in close contact with the active roller sleeve 14 of the rear actively driven lower roller 2 and the passive roller sleeve 16 of the adjacent rear passively driven lower roller 9 respectively, so as to realize the transmission connection between the rear actively driven lower roller 2 and the adjacent rear passively driven lower roller 9, or the rear transmission shaft 8 is in close contact with the passive roller sleeves 16 of the adjacent rear passively driven lower rollers 9 respectively, so as to realize the transmission connection between the adjacent rear passively driven lower rollers 9.

[0030] A rear lower apron 19 is sleeved on the rear lower roller group. The rear lower apron 19 is made of rubber. The rear lower apron 19 bypasses the active roller sleeve 14 of the rear actively driven lower roller 2, the passive roller sleeve 16 of the rear passively driven lower roller 9 at the rearmost side, and the rear lower elastic tension frame 20 respectively. And the rear lower elastic tension frame 20 is located directly below the rear passively driven lower roller 9 at the rearmost part. A middle and lower apron 23 is sleeved on the middle actively driven lower roller 4. The middle and lower apron 23 is made of rubber. The middle and lower apron 23 bypasses the active roller sleeve 14 of the middle actively driven lower roller 4, the passive roller sleeves 16 of each middle passively controlled lower roller 11, and the middle and lower elastic tension frame 24 respectively. And the middle and lower elastic tension frame 24 is located directly below the middle actively driven lower roller 4.

[0031] The 16 spindle positions on the front table surface of the spinning frame are integrally connected between the driving spindle shafts 13 of the rear active lower rollers 2. The driving spindle shafts 13 of adjacent 2 rear active lower rollers 2 are connected by transmission through the rear roller seat. The driving spindle shafts 13 of the 10 spindle positions of the middle active lower rollers 4 are integrally connected. The driving spindle shafts 13 of adjacent 2 middle active lower rollers 4 are connected by transmission through the middle roller seat. The driving spindle shafts 13 of the 4 spindle positions of the front active lower rollers 6 are integrally connected. The driving spindle shafts 13 of adjacent 2 front active lower rollers 6 are connected by transmission through the front roller seat. The driven spindle shafts 15 of the 10 spindle positions of the middle passive controlled lower rollers 11 are integrally connected. The driven spindle shafts 15 of the rear passive lower rollers 9 of all spindle positions are integrally connected. The rear transmission shafts 8 of all spindle positions are integrally connected.

[0032] The 16 spindle positions on the rear table surface of the spinning frame are integrally connected between the driving spindle shafts 13 of the rear active lower rollers 2. The driving spindle shafts 13 of adjacent 2 rear active lower rollers 2 are connected by transmission through the rear roller seat. The driving spindle shafts 13 of the 10 spindle positions of the middle active lower rollers 4 are integrally connected. The driving spindle shafts 13 of adjacent 2 middle active lower rollers 4 are connected by transmission through the middle roller seat. The driving spindle shafts 13 of the 4 spindle positions of the front active lower rollers 6 are integrally connected. The driving spindle shafts 13 of adjacent 2 front active lower rollers 6 are connected by transmission through the front roller seat. The driven spindle shafts 15 of the 10 spindle positions of the middle passive controlled lower rollers 11 are integrally connected. The driven spindle shafts 15 of the rear passive lower rollers 9 of all spindle positions are integrally connected. The rear transmission shafts 8 of all spindle positions are integrally connected.

[0033] A front support seat 35 is provided at the front part of the middle roller seat. The rear part of the front support seat 35 is fixedly connected to the middle roller seat. An embedding groove 36 is formed in the front support seat 35. The number of the embedding grooves 36 is the same as that of the middle passively controlled lower rollers 11. The embedding groove 36 is of a cuboid structure and penetrates through the front support seat 35. A left sliding groove group and a right sliding groove group are arranged in the embedding groove 36. The left sliding groove group includes a left front sliding groove 37 and a left rear sliding groove 38. The right sliding groove group includes a right front sliding groove 39 and a right rear sliding groove 40. A lifting support assembly 41 is arranged in the left front sliding groove 37, the left rear sliding groove 38, the right front sliding groove 39, and the right rear sliding groove 40. The lifting support assembly 41 includes a lifting rod 42 and a telescopic spring 43. The lower end of the lifting rod 42 is fixedly connected to the lower side surface of the corresponding sliding groove. The telescopic spring 43 is sleeved on the lifting rod 42. A left connecting nut 44 is arranged between the upper ends of the lifting rods 42 in the left front sliding groove 37 and the left rear sliding groove 38. The left connecting nut 44 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the lifting rods 42 in the left front sliding groove 37 and the left rear sliding groove 38 respectively. A right connecting nut 45 is arranged between the upper ends of the lifting rods 42 in the right front sliding groove 39 and the right rear sliding groove 40. The right connecting nut 45 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the lifting rods 42 in the right front sliding groove 39 and the right rear sliding groove 40 respectively. External threads are respectively arranged on the outer side surfaces at both ends of the middle passively controlled lower roller 11. The external thread at the left end of the middle passively controlled lower roller 11 is screwed into the right connecting nut 45 of the right sliding groove group of the corresponding front support seat 35, and the external thread at the right end is screwed into the left connecting nut 44 of the left sliding groove group of the corresponding front support seat 35.

[0034] The rear upper roller group includes 1 rear actively driven upper roller 3 and a certain number of rear passively driven upper rollers 10. The rear actively driven upper roller 3 is located directly above the rear actively driven lower roller 2. The number of the rear passively driven upper rollers 10 is the same as that of the rear passively driven lower rollers 9. Each rear passively driven upper roller 10 is located directly above the corresponding rear passively driven lower roller 9. The middle actively driven upper roller 5 is located directly above the middle actively driven lower roller 4. A middle passively controlled upper roller 12 is arranged directly above each middle passively controlled lower roller 11. The number of the middle passively controlled upper rollers 12 is the same as that of the middle passively controlled lower rollers 11. The front actively driven upper roller 7 is located directly above the front actively driven lower roller 6. The rear actively driven upper roller 3, the rear passively driven upper rollers 10, the middle actively driven upper roller 5, the middle passively controlled upper rollers 12, and the front actively driven upper roller 7 have the same structure, including a roller shaft 17. The roller shaft 17 is made of iron or steel. A roller sleeve 18 is sleeved on the roller shaft 17. The roller sleeve 18 is a solid annular sleeve made of rubber material. The roller sleeve 18 is rotatably connected to the roller shaft 17 through a bearing, so that the roller sleeve 18 can freely rotate around the roller shaft 17.

[0035] A rear upper apron 21 is sleeved on the rear upper roller group. The rear upper apron 21 is made of rubber. The rear upper apron 21 respectively bypasses the roller sleeve 18 of the front rear-driven upper roller 3, the roller sleeves 18 of each rear passive-driven upper roller 10, and the rear upper elastic tension frame 22. The rear upper elastic tension frame 22 is located directly above the rear lower elastic tension frame 20 at the rearmost part. The rear upper elastic tension frame 22 is arranged on the pressing component. A middle upper apron 25 is sleeved on the middle front-driven upper roller 5. The middle upper apron 25 is made of rubber. The middle upper apron 25 respectively bypasses the roller sleeve 18 of the middle front-driven upper roller 5, the roller sleeves 18 of each middle passive-controlled upper roller 12, and the middle upper elastic tension frame 26. And the middle upper elastic tension frame 26 is located directly above the middle front-driven upper roller 5. The middle upper elastic tension frame 26 is arranged on the pressing component.

[0036] One spindle position on the front table surface of the spinning frame and one spindle position on the left side form a spindle position group. One spindle position on the rear table surface of the spinning frame and one spindle position on the right side form a spindle position group. The right ends of the roller shafts 17 of the front rear-driven upper roller 3 and the rear passive-driven upper roller 10 at the left spindle position within one spindle position group extend out of the roller sleeve 18, and the right ends of the roller shafts 17 extending out of the roller sleeve 18 are fixedly connected by a left rear connecting rod. The left ends of the roller shafts 17 of the front rear-driven upper roller 3 and the rear passive-driven upper roller 10 at the right spindle position within one spindle position group extend out of the roller sleeve 18, and the left ends of the roller shafts 17 extending out of the roller sleeve 18 are fixedly connected by a right rear connecting rod. The left rear connecting rod and the right rear connecting rod are fixedly connected by a rear embedding shaft. The middle part of the rear embedding shaft is embedded in the rear embedding claw of the pressing component, thereby realizing the connection of the rear upper roller group on the pressing component. The right ends of the roller shafts 17 of the middle front-driven upper roller 5 and the middle passive-controlled upper roller 12 at the left spindle position within one spindle position group extend out of the roller sleeve 18, and the right ends of the roller shafts 17 extending out of the roller sleeve 18 are fixedly connected by a left middle connecting rod. The left ends of the roller shafts 17 of the middle front-driven upper roller 5 and the middle passive-controlled upper roller 12 at the right spindle position within one spindle position group extend out of the roller sleeve 18, and the left ends of the roller shafts 17 extending out of the roller sleeve 18 are fixedly connected by a right middle connecting rod. The left middle connecting rod and the right middle connecting rod are fixedly connected by a middle embedding shaft. The middle part of the middle embedding shaft is embedded in the middle embedding claw of the pressing component, thereby realizing the connection of the middle upper roller group on the pressing component. The front front-driven upper roller 7 at the left spindle position within one spindle position group and the front front-driven upper roller 7 at the right spindle position are integrally and fixedly connected, and there is a certain distance between the roller sleeve 18 of the front front-driven upper roller 7 at the left spindle position and the roller sleeve 18 of the front front-driven upper roller 7 at the right spindle position. The roller shaft 17 between the roller sleeve 18 of the front front-driven upper roller 7 at the left spindle position and the roller sleeve 18 of the front front-driven upper roller 7 at the right spindle position is embedded in the front embedding claw of the pressing component, thereby realizing the connection of the front front-driven upper roller 7 on the pressing component.

[0037] The driving roller shaft 13 of the rear driving lower roller 2 is driven to rotate by the first servo motor 31, the driving roller shaft 13 of the middle driving lower roller 4 is driven to rotate by the second servo motor 32, and the driving roller shaft 13 of the front driving lower roller 6 is driven to rotate by the third servo motor 33. The first servo motor 31, the second servo motor 32, and the third servo motor 33 are all connected to the programmable logic controller 34.

[0038] When the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning method provided by the present invention is used, first, the pressing component is pressed, so that the rear lower apron 19 and the rear upper apron 21 are in direct contact with each other, thereby forming a rear contact plane with a certain length between the rear lower apron 19 and the rear upper apron 21. At the same time, the driving roller sleeve 14 of the rear driving lower roller 2 and the roller sleeve 18 of the rear driving upper roller 3 are in close pressing contact through the covered rear upper apron 21 and rear lower apron 19 respectively, thereby forming a rear holding output linear nip at the forefront of the rear contact plane. The driven roller sleeve 16 of the rear driven lower roller 9 and the roller sleeve 18 of the rear driven upper roller 10 are in close pressing contact through the covered rear upper apron 21 and rear lower apron 19 respectively, thereby forming a rear holding input linear nip at the rearmost part of the rear contact plane. Rear holding conveying linear nips arranged at equal intervals are formed between the rear holding output linear nip and the rear holding input linear nip of the rear contact plane.

[0039] At the same time, the middle lower apron 23 and the middle upper apron 25 are in direct contact with each other, thereby forming a middle contact plane with a certain length between the middle lower apron 23 and the middle upper apron 25. At the same time, the driving roller sleeve 14 of the middle driving lower roller 4 and the roller sleeve 18 of the middle driving upper roller 5 are in close pressing contact through the covered middle upper apron 25 and middle lower apron 23 respectively, thereby forming a middle holding input linear nip at the rearmost part of the middle contact plane. The driven roller sleeve 16 of the middle driven lower roller 11 and the roller sleeve 18 of the middle driven upper roller 12 are in close pressing contact through the covered middle upper apron 25 and middle lower apron 23 respectively, thereby forming a middle elastic output linear nip at the forefront of the middle contact plane. Middle elastic conveying linear nips arranged at equal intervals are formed between the middle holding input linear nip and the middle elastic output linear nip of the middle contact plane.

[0040] At the same time, the driving roller sleeve 14 of the front driving lower roller 6 and the roller sleeve 18 of the front driving upper roller 7 are in direct pressing contact, thereby directly forming a front holding output linear nip therebetween.

[0041] The first servo motor 31 drives the driving roller shaft 13 of the rear driving lower roller 2 to rotate, and then drives the driving roller sleeve 14 of the rear driving lower roller 2 to rotate. The rotation of the driving roller sleeve 14 of the rear driving lower roller 2 then drives the driven roller sleeve 16 of the adjacent rear driven lower roller 9 to rotate around the driven roller shaft 15 through the closely contacting rear transmission shaft 8. The rotation of the driven roller sleeve 16 of the rear driven lower roller 9 then drives the driven roller sleeves 16 of each rear driven lower roller 9 to rotate around the driven roller shaft 15 in sequence through the closely contacting rear transmission shaft 8. The rotation speeds and rotation directions of all the driven roller sleeves 16 of the rear driven lower rollers 9 are the same as those of the driving roller sleeve 14 of the rear driving lower roller 2, thus driving the rear lower apron 19 to rotate. At the same time, the rotation of the driving roller sleeve 14 of the rear driving lower roller 2 drives the rear upper apron 21 in close contact with it to rotate through the rear lower apron 19 it covers, and then drives the roller sleeve 18 of the rear driving upper rubber roller 3 to rotate around the roller shaft 17 and the roller sleeves 18 of each rear driven upper rubber roller 10 to rotate around the roller shaft 17. As a result, the rear holding output straight nip is transformed into a rear holding continuous output straight nip, the rear holding input straight nip is transformed into a rear holding continuous input straight nip, and the rear holding conveying straight nip is transformed into a rear holding continuous conveying straight nip. A rear friction control force field with a planar structure of a certain length is formed between the rotating rear lower apron 19 and the rear upper apron 21. At the same time, straight-structured rear straight friction control force fields are respectively formed in the rear holding continuous output straight nip, the rear holding continuous input straight nip, and the rear holding continuous conveying straight nip within the rear friction control force field. And since each rear straight friction control force field is formed by the corresponding lower roller and upper rubber roller that are fixedly pressed against each other, the rear straight friction control force field is greater than the friction force field of other parts of the rear friction control force field, thus forming a rear stepped planar friction force field with equally spaced straight reinforcing ribs between the rotating rear lower apron 19 and the rear upper apron 21.

[0042] The second servo motor 32 drives the driving roller shaft 13 of the middle driving lower roller 4 to rotate, and then drives the driving roller sleeve 14 of the middle driving lower roller 4 to rotate, and then drives the middle and lower apron 23 sleeved thereon to rotate. The rotation of the middle and lower apron 23 drives the driven roller sleeves 16 of the middle and passive controlled lower rollers 11 sleeved thereon to rotate. The rotation of the middle and lower apron 23 drives the middle upper apron 25 in close pressing contact therewith to rotate at the same time. The rotation of the middle upper apron 25 drives the roller sleeves 18 of the middle driving upper rubber roller 5 and the middle and passive controlled upper rubber rollers 12 sleeved thereon to rotate, so that the middle holding input linear nip is changed into a middle holding continuous input linear nip, the middle elastic input linear nip is changed into a middle elastic continuous input linear nip, and the middle elastic conveying linear nip is changed into a middle elastic continuous conveying linear nip. A middle surface friction control force field with a certain length of plane structure is formed between the rotating middle and lower apron 23 and the middle upper apron 25. At the same time, a linear structure middle line friction control force field is respectively formed in the middle holding continuous input linear nip, the middle elastic continuous input linear nip, and the middle elastic continuous conveying linear nip within the middle surface friction control force field. And because the middle holding continuous input linear nip is formed by the corresponding lower roller and upper rubber roller that are fixedly pressed against each other, and the middle elastic continuous input linear nip and the middle elastic continuous conveying linear nip are formed by the corresponding lower roller and upper rubber roller that are elastically pressed against each other, the middle line friction control force field is greater than the friction force field of other parts of the middle surface friction control force field, so that a middle ladder plane friction force field containing equally spaced linear reinforcing ribs is formed between the rotating middle and lower apron 23 and the middle upper apron 25.

[0043] The third servo motor 33 drives the driving roller shaft 13 of the front driving lower roller 6 to rotate, and then drives the driving roller sleeve 14 of the front driving lower roller 6 to rotate, and then drives the roller sleeve 18 of the front driven driving upper rubber roller in close contact therewith to rotate around the roller shaft 17, so that the front holding output linear nip is changed into a front holding continuous output linear nip, and a linear structure front line friction control force field is formed in the front holding continuous output linear nip.

[0044] During spinning, the short fiber roving 1 wound on the roving bobbin as required is fed into the drafting system. At this time, the short fiber roving 1 is first directly held by the rear holding continuous input linear nip and enters between the rear lower roller group and the rear upper rubber roller group of the rear roller drafting pair. Then, under the control of the rear ladder plane friction force field between the rear lower roller group and the rear upper rubber roller group of the rear roller drafting pair, the short fiber roving 1 is flattened and frictionally straightened under the action of the plane friction force field of the rear ladder plane friction force field at the non-rear line friction control force field, and then is pressed and adjusted in turn at the rear line friction control force field of the rear ladder plane friction force field, so as to realize the intermittent pressing, straightening and pressing adjustment of the short fiber roving 1 in the rear ladder plane friction force field. Finally, the short fiber roving 1 in a flat shape and having a stable internal friction force field is held by the rear holding continuous output linear nip and enters the rear drafting zone.

[0045] At this time, in the rear drafting zone, the short staple roving 1 is first directly continuously input by the middle holding and held by the straight nip, and enters between the middle driving lower roller 4 and the middle driving upper rubber roller 5 of the middle roller drafting pair. In the rear drafting zone formed between the rear holding continuous output straight nip and the middle holding continuous input straight nip, the roving is drawn and the linear density of the fiber strip is reduced. At this time, since the short staple roving 1 is flat and has a stable internal friction force field, the short fibers in the cross-section of the short staple roving 1 are close to two-dimensional planar distribution in the rear drafting zone, so that the short fibers with a nearly two-dimensional planar distribution in the cross-section of the short staple roving 1 continuously and stably enter the one-dimensional straight line at the middle holding continuous input straight nip that is directly continuously docked with the two-dimensional plane. Then, the stable variable speed of the short fibers in the short staple roving 1 is realized at the middle holding continuous input straight nip. Then, under the control of the middle ladder plane friction force field, the fiber strip is flattened and frictionally straightened under the action of the plane friction force field of the middle ladder plane friction force field at the non-middle-line friction control force field. Then, it is elastically pressed at the middle-line friction control force field of the middle ladder plane friction force field in turn, and under the elastic pressing action, the fibers in the fiber strip are stably conveyed forward at the same linear speed as the middle holding continuous input straight nip. Finally, the fiber strip that is flat and has a stable internal friction force field is held by the middle holding continuous output straight nip and enters the front drafting zone.

[0046] In the front drafting zone, the fiber strip is directly held and output by the front holding continuous output straight nip. In the front drafting zone formed between the middle holding continuous output straight nip and the front holding continuous output straight nip, the fiber strip is drawn and the linear density of the fiber strip is reduced. At this time, since the fiber strip is flat and has a stable internal friction force field, the short fibers in the cross-section of the fiber strip are completely two-dimensional planar distribution in the front drafting zone, so that the short fibers with a completely two-dimensional planar distribution in the cross-section of the fiber strip continuously and stably enter the one-dimensional straight line at the front holding continuous output straight nip that is directly continuously docked with the two-dimensional plane. Under the comprehensive control of the stable internal friction force field of the fiber strip and the middle ladder plane friction force field, a certain number of fibers in the fiber strip are continuously extracted directly by the front holding continuous output straight nip, and a fiber tape with two-dimensional planar distribution and no twist is obtained, and the short fibers in the output fiber tape are arranged straight without intersection.

[0047] The fiber band output by the drafting system is twisted to obtain yarn under the action of the twisting twist transmitted by the twisting system of the ring spinning frame, and the yarn is wound around the yarn bobbin 28 in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. During this process, the main motor drives all the spindles to rotate through the spindle belt, and then drives the yarn bobbin 28 to rotate. The rotation of the yarn bobbin 28 drives the yarn to pass through the yarn guide hook 27 and the traveler 29 in sequence and wind around the yarn bobbin 28, so that the traveler 29 rotates around the ring 30. At this time, due to the flexible structure of the yarn and the weight of the traveler 29 itself, the rotation speed of the traveler 29 is less than that of the yarn bobbin 28. The rotational speed difference between the two makes the yarn continuously wind around the yarn bobbin 28. At the same time, the rotation of the traveler 29 drives the yarn to generate axial rotation, and then twists the yarn to generate a twisting twist. The generated twisting twist is transmitted from bottom to top. When it reaches the twisting point, the fiber band is twisted at the twisting point under the action of the transmitted twisting twist to obtain the final yarn.

[0048] Analysis of implementation effects:

[0049] Using roving with a dry count of 5.325 g / 10 m, a blending ratio of T / JC 65 / 35, and a twist factor of 81.4 as raw materials, and adopting the traditional spinning method, yarn with a linear density of 42S (dry count of 1.36 g / 100 m) and a twist factor of 330 was processed. At this time, a lower long apron was set on the lower middle rollers of the drafting system, and an upper short apron was set on the upper middle rubber rollers. At the same time, the apron high-efficiency drafting spinning device and spinning method of this patent were used to process the corresponding yarn; during the processing, the designed mechanical draft was 40.986 and the actual draft was 39.268, among which the back zone draft was 1.12 and the front zone draft was 36.59. The designed spindle speed was 16,000 r / min, and the quality of the processed yarn was tested. The test results are as follows:

[0050] Test results of yarn strength, weight, and twist

[0051]

[0052] Test results of yarn evenness and hairiness

[0053]

[0054] It can be easily seen from the test results that compared with the traditional drafting method, using the apron high-efficiency drafting spinning device and spinning method of this patent can effectively improve the evenness of the yarn, including short-term unevenness of yarn evenness, long-term unevenness of weight, and unevenness of strength. This is because the apron high-efficiency finishing device in this patent realizes the uniform finishing of the internal friction force field generated by the twist during the drafting process, and at the same time provides a more stable external friction force field for the fiber movement, making the distribution of the speed change points more stable and concentrated during the drafting process.

[0055] At the same time, the apron high-efficiency drafting spinning device and spinning method of this patent are adopted to process fine yarn with a linear density of 120S (dry fixed weight 0.486g / 100m) and a twist factor of 340. During the processing, the designed mechanical draft is 112.245, the actual draft is 109.567, the back zone draft is 2.0, the front zone draft is 56.12, the designed spindle speed is 12,000 r / min, and the quality of the processed fine yarn is tested. The test results are as follows:

[0056] Test results of yarn strength, weight, and twist

[0057]

[0058] Test results of yarn evenness and hairiness

[0059]

[0060] It can be easily seen from the test results that by adopting the apron high-efficiency drafting spinning device and spinning method of this patent, the large drafting effect of the drafting system can be effectively realized, and the back zone draft multiple is set to 2, that is, a relatively large draft is set in the back zone, and the processing of fine yarn with high-quality comprehensive quality is realized.

[0061] The structure, characteristics, and function effects of the present invention have been described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of implementation shown in the drawings. Any changes made according to the concept of the present invention, or equivalent embodiments modified into equivalent changes, still within the spirit covered by the specification and drawings, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apron efficient drafting spinning device, comprising a drafting system, characterized in that: The drafting system includes a rear ladder plane friction force field of a certain length of plane structure, the rear end of the rear ladder plane friction force field is a rear grip continuous conveying linear jaw, the front end is a rear grip continuous output linear jaw, and a certain number of rear grip continuous input linear jaws are distributed between the two; A middle ladder plane friction force field of a plane structure of a certain length, the rear end of the middle ladder plane friction force field is a middle grip continuous input linear jaw, the front end is a middle elastic continuous input linear jaw, and a certain number of middle elastic continuous delivery linear jaws are distributed between the two; Front grip with straight structure and continuous output straight jaws.

2. The apron efficient drafting spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of rear grip continuous input linear jaws is between 1 and 2.

3. The apron efficient drafting spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the medium elastic continuous conveying linear jaws is between 1 and 3.

4. The apron efficient drafting spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotational linear speeds of the rear gripping continuous output linear jaw, the rear gripping continuous input linear jaw, and the rear gripping continuous conveying linear jaw are kept consistent.

5. The apron efficient drafting spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotational linear speeds of the medium grip continuous input linear jaw, the medium elastic continuous input linear jaw, and the medium elastic continuous conveying linear jaw remain consistent.

6. The apron efficient drafting spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear drafting zone is formed between the rear holding continuous output linear jaw and the middle holding continuous input linear jaw.

7. The apron efficient drafting spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front drafting area is formed between the middle grip continuous input linear jaw and the front grip continuous output linear jaw.

8. The apron efficient drafting spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction field on the rear ladder plane is formed by the direct contact and pressure of the fixed supporting leather ring up and down.

9. The apron efficient drafting spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle grip continuous input linear jaws of the middle ladder plane friction field are formed by direct contact and pressing of the fixed support leather ring up and down, and the other parts of the middle ladder plane friction field are formed by direct contact and pressing of the leather ring with lower elastic support and upper fixed support up and down.

10. A method for high-efficiency apron drafting spinning, using the high-efficiency apron drafting spinning device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: During spinning, the required short-fiber roving wound on the roving tube is selected and fed into the drafting system. At this time, the short-fiber roving is first directly input into the linear jaw grip by the rear grip continuously, and then under the control of the rear ladder plane friction field, the short-fiber roving is flattened and friction-straightened under the action of the plane friction field of the rear ladder plane friction field at the non-rear line friction control force field, and then pressed and adjusted in turn at the rear line friction control force field of the rear ladder plane friction field, thereby realizing the intermittent flattening, straightening and pressing adjustment of the short-fiber roving in the rear ladder plane friction field, and finally the short-fiber roving with a flat shape and a stable internal friction field is continuously output by the rear grip and held by the linear jaw grip to enter the rear drafting area; In the post-stretching zone, the staple roving is firstly directly grasped by the middle-holding continuous input linear jaw, and then subjected to the drafting action in the post-stretching zone formed by the rear-holding continuous output linear jaw and the middle-holding continuous input linear jaw to obtain fiber strips with reduced linear density. At this time, since the staple roving is flat and has a stable internal friction field, the staple fibers in the cross section of the staple roving are distributed in a nearly two-dimensional plane in the post-stretching zone, so that the staple fibers in the cross section of the staple roving with a nearly two-dimensional plane distribution continuously and stably enter the one-dimensional straight line of the middle-holding continuous input linear jaw that is directly and continuously connected to the two-dimensional plane, thereby realizing the short The short fibers in the roving are stably speeded at the middle grip continuous input linear jaw, and then under the control of the middle ladder plane friction field, the fiber strips are flattened and straightened by friction under the action of the plane friction field of the middle ladder plane friction field at the non-center line friction control field, and then are elastically pressed in turn at the center line friction control field of the middle ladder plane friction field, and under the action of the elastic pressing, the fibers in the fiber strips are stably transported forward at a linear speed consistent with the middle grip continuous input linear jaw, and finally the fiber strips that are flat and have a stable internal friction field are gripped by the middle grip continuous output linear jaw and enter the front drafting area; In the front stretching zone, the fiber strip is directly gripped and output by the front gripping continuous output linear jaw, and is subjected to the stretching action in the front stretching zone formed by the middle gripping continuous output linear jaw and the front gripping continuous output linear jaw to obtain a fiber band with reduced linear density. At this time, since the fiber strip is flat and has a stable internal friction field, the short fibers in the cross section of the fiber strip are completely distributed in a two-dimensional plane in the front stretching zone, so that the short fibers in the cross section of the fiber strip that are completely distributed in a two-dimensional plane continuously and stably enter the one-dimensional straight line of the front gripping continuous output linear jaw that is directly and continuously connected to the two-dimensional plane. Under the comprehensive control of the stable internal friction field of the fiber strip and the middle ladder plane friction field, a certain number of fibers in the fiber strip are directly and continuously drawn out by the front gripping continuous output linear jaw, so as to obtain a fiber band with two-dimensional plane distribution and no twist, and the short fibers in the output fiber band are arranged in a straight line without interlacing. The fiber band output by the drafting system is twisted to obtain the spun yarn under the action of the twisting twist transmitted from the spinning frame twisting system, and the spun yarn is wound on the spun yarn tube in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In this process, the main motor drives all the spindles to rotate through the spindle band, and then drives the spun yarn tube to rotate. The rotation of the spun yarn tube then drives the spun yarn to pass through the yarn guide hook and the wire ring in turn and be wound on the spun yarn tube, so that the wire ring rotates around the steel collar. At this time, due to the flexible structure of the spun yarn and the weight of the wire ring itself, the rotation speed of the wire ring is lower than the rotation speed of the spun yarn tube. The speed difference between the two makes the spun yarn continuously wound on the spun yarn tube. At the same time, the rotation of the wire ring drives the spun yarn to produce axial rotation, and then produces twisting twist on the spun yarn. The generated twisting twist is transmitted from bottom to top, and when it is transmitted to the twisting point, the fiber band is twisted at the twisting point under the action of the transmitted twisting twist to obtain the final spun yarn.

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