A method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railways

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of ballastless track construction technology and discloses a method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railways, including the following steps: S100, Construction preparation; S200, Tooling installation and positioning; S300, Track slab lifting: The gantry crane controls the longitudinal lifting of the track slab, and after the height of the track slab is higher than the support, it is suspended longitudinally. Then, the gantry crane controls the lateral movement of the track slab, and after the track slab is above the support, it is suspended laterally. Then, the gantry crane controls the longitudinal lowering of the track slab and places it on the rubber pad on top of the support; S400, Replacing the elastic pad layer; S500, Track slab repositioning. This invention provides another novel method for replacing the elastic pad layer. By lifting and temporarily placing the track slab, the stability of the track slab is ensured during the replacement process. After the replacement of the elastic pad layer is completed, the track slab can be controlled to be repositioned, eliminating the need to recast the track slab, saving costs and improving construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ballastless track construction technology, specifically relating to a method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of ballastless track for high-speed railways. Background Technology

[0002] In the design of high-speed railway double-block ballastless track beds, a structural form of "base plate + isolation layer + limiting device + track slab" is adopted. A 4mm thick geotextile isolation layer is laid on the base plate to separate the track slab from the base plate, allowing for slight longitudinal and lateral movement of the track slab on the base plate under the action of train operation or temperature stress. Two limiting bosses are set at the bottom of the track slab and embedded in the limiting grooves on the top surface of the base plate to ensure that the displacement of the track slab on the base plate is within the allowable range and to prevent serious deformation of the track. An 8mm thick rubber elastic pad is laid between the limiting grooves and limiting bosses to buffer the pressure of track slab displacement on the base plate. During the actual operation of ballastless track, the elastic pad will wear down, and the buffering effect of the elastic pad will deteriorate. Therefore, the elastic pad needs to be replaced after a certain period of time. The existing technology generally involves removing the track slab, replacing the isolation layer and elastic pad, and re-casting the track slab, which is inefficient and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track in high-speed railways, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track in high-speed railways includes the following steps:

[0006] S100, Construction Preparation:

[0007] Prepare the necessary construction equipment according to the condition of the track slab at the location where the elastic padding layer needs to be replaced. The construction equipment includes gantry crane, lifting tools, trestles, and the elastic padding layer and geotextile to be replaced.

[0008] S200, tooling installed and in place:

[0009] Install the gantry crane at the replacement location. The base of the gantry crane is set on both sides of the two ballastless tracks. The hook of the gantry crane is connected to the lifting device via a wire rope. The lifting device is connected to the track plate at the replacement location of the elastic pad layer. Before lifting the track plate, at least two support trestles are placed between the two ballastless tracks, and rubber pads are fixed on the top of the trestles.

[0010] S300, Track Slab Lifting:

[0011] The gantry crane controls the track plate to lift it longitudinally. Once the track plate is higher than the trestle, it is suspended longitudinally. Then, the gantry crane controls the track plate to move laterally. Once the track plate is above the trestle, it is suspended laterally. Then, the gantry crane controls the track plate to lower it longitudinally and place the track plate on the rubber pad on top of the trestle.

[0012] S400, Replace the elastic pad:

[0013] Remove the elastic pad in the limiting groove and then install a brand new elastic pad; remove or repair the geotextile at the bottom of the track slab. When removing the geotextile at the bottom of the track slab, install a brand new geotextile.

[0014] S500, Track Plate Reset:

[0015] The gantry crane controls the track plate to lift it longitudinally. After the track plate is freed from the trestles, it is suspended longitudinally. Then, the gantry crane controls the track plate to move laterally. After the track plate is directly above the base plate, it is suspended laterally. Then, the gantry crane controls the track plate to lower it longitudinally, so that the track plate is precisely aligned with the base plate.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, before step S300, step S250, pre-construction measurement, is also included:

[0017] At least two vertical marking lines are made on the sides of both ends of the track slab and the base plate to be lifted. At least two horizontal marking lines are made between the top surfaces of both ends of the track slab to be lifted and the top surfaces of the adjacent track slabs. Horizontal marking lines are also made between the sides of both ends of the track slab to be lifted and the sides of the adjacent track slabs. The initial horizontal and elevation position information of the track slab support platform is collected using a total station in conjunction with a track geometry measuring instrument to form the initial state data of the track slab.

[0018] In step S500, when the track slab and the base plate are precisely aligned, the vertical marking lines between the lifted track slab and the base plate are aligned, the horizontal marking lines between the lifted track slab and the adjacent track slab are aligned, and the horizontal marking lines between the lifted track slab and the adjacent track slab are aligned. Then, a total station and a reference frame are used to collect the horizontal and elevation position information of the track slab receiving platform, and the data are compared and analyzed with the initial state data of the track slab to determine the track slab reset accuracy and ensure that the position accuracy of the track slab meets the requirements.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, between step S250 and step S300, step S280, pre-lifting, is further included:

[0020] In curved sections, a 10t jack is installed at the end of the crossbeam of the track panel fixture. The jack is used to pre-lift the crossbeam synchronously, so that the track slab is 2cm off the ground. At the same time, for curved sections, wedge-shaped square timber is installed between the top of the trestle and the rubber pad in step S200. The wedge-shaped square timber is used to ensure that the track slab is stored at the original inclination on the top of the trestle.

[0021] In straight sections, the track slabs are pre-lifted directly using a gantry crane to detach them from the ground.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the gantry crane device includes two parallel gantry cranes, each gantry crane including two parallel I-beam top beams. The two ends of the two I-beam top beams are connected by a crossbeam, and the lower ends of the two I-beam top beams are connected to a support column. The two support columns located on the same side of the gantry cranes are installed on a base. The bases on the same side of the two gantry cranes are connected by a positioning connecting rod. The two ends of the positioning connecting rod are equipped with a first connecting flange, and a second connecting flange is fixed on each of the two bases. The first connecting flange and the second connecting flange are detachably connected. A U-shaped connecting plate is installed between the I-beam top beams. A drive wheel and a driven wheel are respectively installed on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped connecting plate. The drive wheel and driven wheel are respectively rolled on the inner bottom surface of the two I-beam top beams on the side furthest from each other. A traveling motor for controlling the rotation of the drive wheel is detachably connected to one side of the U-shaped connecting plate. A steel rope winding wheel is installed on the U-shaped connecting plate. A lifting motor for controlling its rotation is detachably connected to one side of the steel rope winding wheel. A steel rope connected to a hook is wound on the steel rope winding wheel, which is used to connect to the lifting device via the hook and wire rope. An upper connecting rod is detachably connected between the central shafts of the two steel rope winding wheels.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the positioning connecting rod includes two coaxially arranged connecting rod segments. A limit rod and a double-ended stud are provided between the two connecting rod segments. One end of the limit rod is fixedly connected to one connecting rod segment, and the other end of the limit rod is slidably connected to the other connecting rod segment. The two ends of the double-ended stud are respectively threaded to the two connecting rod segments. A driven gear is coaxially connected to the middle of the double-ended stud. A driving gear that meshes with the driven gear is coaxially sleeved on the limit rod. An adjusting ring is connected to one side of the driving gear. The adjusting ring is sleeved outside the limit rod, and multiple insertion holes are provided on the adjusting ring to facilitate insertion with the adjusting rod. The upper connecting rod includes a middle sliding rod and an end sleeve rod. The two ends of the middle sliding rod are each slidably engaged with an end sleeve rod. The ends of the two end sleeve rods away from the middle sliding rod are detachably connected to the central shafts of two steel rope winding wheels by locking screws.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a positioning bolt is threaded onto the adjusting ring. The bolt's threaded portion passes through the adjusting ring and abuts against the limiting rod. An extension rod is threaded onto the other end of the limiting rod. The extension rod passes through the corresponding connecting rod segment and the second connecting flange. A threaded groove is provided at the other end of the limiting rod. A connecting screw is provided at one end of the extension rod, and the connecting screw is threaded into the threaded groove. Two double-ended studs are provided. The threads at the same end of the two double-ended studs are in the same direction. A driven gear is coaxially connected to the middle of each of the two double-ended studs. The two driven gears are spaced apart, and the driving gear meshes with both driven gears.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a lower connecting rod is detachably connected between the steel ropes at the upper ends of the two hooks. The two ends of the lower connecting rod are detachably connected to the two steel ropes through a first clamp. The lower connecting rod includes several lower connecting rod segments, and each lower connecting rod segment is provided with a semi-circular clamp at both ends so that two adjacent lower connecting rod segments are detachably connected through two semi-circular clamps. An upper limit ring is provided in the middle of the middle sliding rod. The middle sliding rod is divided into two segments and connected to both sides of the upper limit ring respectively. A lower limit ring is sleeved in the middle of the lower connecting rod. A telescopic rod is slidably connected inside the upper limit ring. The lower end of the telescopic rod is connected to the lower limit ring, and the upper end of the telescopic rod is located above the upper limit ring. A limit plate is fixed at the upper end of the upper limit ring, and the diameter of the limit plate is larger than the inner diameter of the upper limit ring.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the motor shaft of the walking motor is detachably connected to the central shaft of the drive wheel via a first sliding sleeve. One end of the first sliding sleeve is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the walking motor via a first fastening screw. A first limiting groove extending along its length is provided on the inner wall of one side of the first sliding sleeve. A first protrusion extending along its length is provided at one end of the central shaft of the drive wheel. The first protrusion slides into the first limiting groove. A first threaded groove is also provided at one end of the central shaft of the drive wheel. When the first fastening screw slides to the first threaded groove, the first fastening screw can be screwed into the first… The motor shaft of the lifting motor is detachably connected to the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel via a second sliding sleeve. One end of the second sliding sleeve is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the lifting motor via a second fastening screw. A second limiting groove extending along its length is provided on the inner wall of one side of the second sliding sleeve. A second protrusion extending along its length is provided at one end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel. The second protrusion slides in cooperation with the second limiting groove. A first threaded groove is also provided at one end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel. When the second fastening screw slides to the second threaded groove, the second fastening screw can be matched and screwed into the second threaded groove.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, upper support rollers are provided at the upper ends of the two I-beam top beams, and the two upper support rollers are connected by an upper connecting shaft. A lower connecting shaft is installed inside the U-shaped connecting plate. A lower bearing is sleeved in the middle of the lower connecting shaft, and an upper bearing is sleeved in the middle of the upper connecting shaft. A second clamp is sleeved on the outside of both the upper and lower bearings. The two second clamps are connected to the first nut through a first screw. Upper retaining springs are snapped onto the upper connecting shafts on both sides of the upper bearing, and the two upper retaining springs abut against the inner ring of the upper bearing. Lower retaining springs are snapped onto the lower connecting shafts on both sides of the lower bearing, and the two lower retaining springs abut against the inner ring of the lower bearing.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lifting device includes a horizontally arranged I-shaped connecting frame. Steel wire ropes are connected to the upper ends of the side beams on both sides of the I-shaped connecting frame. The two ends of the two steel wire ropes are connected to the two ends of their respective side beams, and the middle parts of the two steel wire ropes are respectively hooked onto two hooks. An inverted U-shaped lifting frame is provided below each end of the side beam. The two side plates of the two inverted U-shaped lifting frames are respectively located on both sides of the two steel rails at the upper end of the track plate. A second screw rod is inserted between the two side plates, penetrating the steel rails. Two second nuts are threaded onto the second screw rod, and the two second nuts are respectively clamped to the side of the two side plates away from each other. A third screw rod is connected to the middle of the inverted U-shaped lifting frame. The upper part of the third screw rod penetrates the side beam, and two third nuts are threaded onto the third screw rod, and the two third nuts are respectively clamped to the upper and lower ends of the side beam.

[0029] Beneficial effects: When replacing the elastic pad layer, this invention only requires lifting the track slab and placing it on a trestle next to the unsupported track for construction. By measuring before construction and verifying the measurement data during track slab repositioning, the track slab can be quickly and accurately repositioned. Compared with the existing demolition and on-site pouring, it saves a lot of materials and time, is more economical and efficient, and shortens the construction cycle. It is not only suitable for replacement construction before laying new lines, but also for existing operational lines, where key construction can be used to remove and replace the track slab. The proposed concept of removing and replacing the track slab is the first of its kind in high-speed railways and can be applied to high-speed railway operation and maintenance construction. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gantry crane device in this invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning connecting rod in this invention;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of section C;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting of the track plate according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of making vertical, horizontal, and lateral marking lines on the track slab according to the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1-I-beam top beam; 2-crossbeam; 3-support column; 4-base; 5-positioning connecting rod; 6-first connecting flange; 7-second connecting flange; 8-travel motor; 9-lifting motor; 10-hook; 11-steel rope; 12-upper connecting rod; 13-limiting rod; 14-double-ended stud; 15-passive gear; 16-drive gear; 17-adjusting ring; 18-insertion hole; 19-positioning bolt; 20-U-shaped connecting plate; 21-drive wheel; 22-passive wheel; 23-first sliding sleeve; 24-first fastening screw; 25-first protruding strip; 26-second sliding sleeve; 27- 28-Second fastening screw; 29-Second protruding strip; 30-Lower connecting rod; 31-First clamp; 32-Upper limit ring; 33-Lower limit ring; 34-Telescopic rod; 35-Limiting plate; 36-Upper support roller; 37-Lower connecting shaft; 38-Second clamp; 39-First screw; 40-I-shaped connecting frame; 41-Wire rope; 42-Inverted U-shaped hanging frame; 43-Second screw; 44-Second nut; 45-Third screw; 46-Third nut; 47-Track plate; 48-Vertical marking line; 49-Base plate; 50-Horizontal marking line; 51-Horizontal marking line. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the accompanying drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] like Figures 1-7 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of ballastless track in high-speed railways, including the following steps:

[0041] S100. Construction preparation: Prepare the necessary construction equipment according to the track slab 47 at the location where the elastic pad layer is to be replaced. The construction equipment includes gantry crane, lifting tools, trestles, and the elastic pad layer and geotextile to be replaced. If jacks are required, the construction equipment also includes jacks.

[0042] S200. Tooling Installation and Positioning: Install the gantry crane at the replacement location. The base of the gantry crane is set on both sides of the two ballastless tracks. The hook 10 of the gantry crane is connected to the lifting device via a wire rope 41. The lifting device is connected to the track slab 47 at the replacement location of the elastic pad, facilitating the lifting of the track slab 47 by the gantry crane. Then, the elastic pad in the limiting groove is replaced. Before lifting the track slab 47, at least two support trestles are placed between the two ballastless tracks. Rubber pads are fixed on the top of the trestles to support the lifted track slab 47. For curved sections, wedge-shaped square timbers are installed between the top of the trestles and the rubber pads to ensure that the track slab 47 maintains its original inclination when stored on the top of the trestles.

[0043] S250, Pre-construction measurement: (e.g.) Figure 7 As shown, at least two vertical marking lines 49 are made on the sides of both ends of the track slab 47 and the base plate 48 that need to be lifted. At least two horizontal marking lines 50 are made between the top surfaces of both ends of the track slab 47 and the top surfaces of the adjacent track slab 47. Horizontal marking lines 51 are also made between the sides of both ends of the track slab 47 and the sides of the adjacent track slab 47. All the marking lines can mark the initial position of the track slab 47. After the elastic pad is replaced and the track slab 47 is reset, all the marking lines can be used to make the track slab more accurately reset to the initial position. The initial horizontal and elevation position information of the track slab 47 support platform is collected using a total station in conjunction with a track geometry measuring instrument to form the initial state data of the track slab 47. This data is used to ensure the reset accuracy of the track slab 47 more accurately after the elastic pad is replaced and the track slab 47 is reset.

[0044] S280. Pre-lifting: On curved sections, install 10t jacks at the ends of the crossbeams of the track panel fixtures and use the jacks to pre-lift the crossbeams simultaneously, so that the track slab 47 is 2cm off the track. On straight sections, use a gantry crane to pre-lift the track slab 47 directly, so that the track slab 47 is off the track, eliminating the suction between the track slab 47 and the base plate 48 or the lifting resistance caused by the superelevation of the curve, making the lifting of the track slab easier, while preventing the track slab 47 from being damaged due to excessive suction or resistance.

[0045] S300, Track Slab Lifting: The gantry crane controls the track slab 47 to lift longitudinally at a uniform speed of 1m / min. Once the height of the track slab 47 is higher than the trestles, it is suspended longitudinally. Then, the gantry crane controls the track slab 47 to move laterally at a speed of 7m / min until it is above the trestles. Once the track slab 47 is above the trestles, it is suspended laterally. Next, the gantry crane controls the track slab 47 to lower longitudinally and place it on the rubber pad on top of the trestles. Preferably, the centerline of the track slab 47 is aligned with the lateral centerline of the trestles to ensure even force distribution on both trestles. This allows the track slab 47 to be placed close together, facilitating the replacement of the elastic pad and accelerating the replacement process.

[0046] S400. Replace the elastic pad: Remove the elastic pad in the limiting groove and then install a brand new elastic pad; remove or repair the geotextile at the bottom of the track slab 47, and clean the base surface with a blower. When removing the geotextile at the bottom of the track slab 47, install a brand new geotextile. To further ensure the precise repositioning of the track slab 47, cut the positioning foam of the elastic pad along the limiting groove towards the top edge with a downward chamfer, and trim the geotextile around the bottom of the limiting boss of the track slab 47 to a width of not less than 4cm.

[0047] S500, Track Plate Reset: The gantry crane controls the track plate 47 to lift longitudinally. After the track plate 47 is released from the trestles, it is suspended longitudinally. Then, the gantry crane controls the track plate 47 to move laterally. After the track plate 47 is directly above the base plate 48, it is suspended laterally. Next, the gantry crane controls the track plate 47 to lower longitudinally, so that the track plate 47 is precisely aligned with the base plate 48. When the track plate 47 is precisely aligned with the base plate 48, the vertical mark between the lifted track plate 47 and the base plate 48 is first visually inspected. Align line 49, align the lifting track slab 47 with the transverse marking line 50 between it and the adjacent track slab 47, align the lifting track slab 47 with the horizontal marking line 51 between it and the adjacent track slab 47. After confirming the alignment, continue lowering it to 2cm, confirm again, and lower it into place. Then, perform a verification measurement, that is, use a total station and a benchmark to collect the horizontal and elevation position information of the track slab 47 support platform, and compare and analyze it with the initial state data of the track slab 47 to determine the reset accuracy of the track slab 47 and ensure that the position accuracy of the track slab 47 meets the requirements.

[0048] This invention allows for easy replacement of the elastic padding layer by simply lifting the track slab and placing it on a trestle next to the unsupported track. Pre-construction measurements and subsequent verification of the data during track slab repositioning ensure rapid and precise repositioning. Compared to existing methods of demolition and on-site casting, this invention saves significant amounts of materials and time, making it more economical and efficient, and shortening the construction cycle. It is suitable not only for replacement work before laying new lines but also for existing operational lines, utilizing key construction points for slab removal and replacement. This slab removal and replacement concept is the first of its kind in high-speed railways and can be applied to high-speed railway operation and maintenance.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it should be further explained that the gantry crane device includes two parallel gantry cranes. Each gantry crane includes two parallel I-beam top beams 1, which extend along the width of the track. The two ends of the two I-beam top beams 1 are connected by crossbeams 2 to form a stable frame structure. The lower ends of the two I-beam top beams 1 are connected to support columns 3. The two support columns 3 located on the same side of the gantry cranes are installed on a base 4. The bases 4 on the same side of the two gantry cranes are connected by positioning connecting rods 5. The two ends of the positioning connecting rods 5 are equipped with first connecting flanges 6, and the two bases 4 are fixed with second connecting flanges 7. The first connecting flanges 6 and the second connecting flanges 7 are detachably connected, making the connection simple and stable. Before construction, the positioning connecting rods 5 of appropriate length can be selected to connect the two gantry cranes. This allows for synchronous movement of the two gantry cranes during movement, avoiding the need to readjust the distance between the two gantry cranes when moving the gantry crane device, reducing workload and improving work efficiency.

[0050] Based on the above, a U-shaped connecting plate 20 is installed between the two I-beam top beams 1. A drive wheel 21 and a driven wheel 22 are respectively installed on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped connecting plate 20. The drive wheel 21 and the driven wheel 22 are respectively rolled on the inner bottom surfaces of the two I-beam top beams 1 on the side furthest from each other, ensuring the stability of the U-shaped connecting plate 20 during movement. A travel motor 8 for controlling the rotation of the drive wheel 21 is detachably connected to one side of the U-shaped connecting plate 20, facilitating the horizontal movement of the U-shaped connecting plate 20 and thus controlling the lateral movement of the track plate 47. A steel rope winding wheel is installed on the U-shaped connecting plate 20. A lifting motor 9 for controlling its rotation is detachably connected to one side of the steel rope winding wheel. The steel rope winding wheel is wound with... The steel rope 11 connected to the hook 10 is used to connect the hook 10 to the lifting device via the wire rope 41, and then to the track plate via the lifting device, thereby lifting the track plate. The track plate is adjusted vertically by controlling the operation of the travel motor 8. An upper connecting rod 12 is detachably connected between the central shafts of the two steel rope winding reels, ensuring that the two steel rope winding reels can only rotate and move synchronously. In practice, one travel motor 8 and one lifting motor 9 can be removed, allowing one travel motor 8 to control the lateral movement of the two hooks 10 and one lifting motor 9 to control the longitudinal movement of the two hooks 10, thus ensuring the stability of the track plate during movement. It should be noted that when it is not necessary to replace the elastic pad layer, the upper connecting rod 12 and the positioning connecting rod 5 can be removed, allowing the two gantry cranes to be used independently, improving practicality.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it should be further explained that the positioning connecting rod 5 includes two coaxially arranged connecting rod segments. A limiting rod 13 and a double-ended stud 14 are provided between the two connecting rod segments. One end of the limiting rod 13 is fixedly connected to one connecting rod segment, and the other end of the limiting rod 13 is slidably connected to the other connecting rod segment, so that the distance between the two connecting rod segments can only slide relative to each other when adjusted. The two ends of the double-ended stud 14 are respectively threaded to the two connecting rod segments, and a driven gear 15 is coaxially connected to the middle of the double-ended stud 14. A driven gear 15 is coaxially sleeved on the limiting rod 13. The driving gear 16 has a 5-phase meshing mechanism. An adjusting ring 17 is connected to one side of the driving gear 16. The adjusting ring 17 is sleeved on the limit rod 13, and has multiple insertion holes 18 for easy insertion with adjusting rods. In practice, an adjusting rod can be inserted into the insertion hole 18 to control the rotation of the adjusting ring 17. The rotation of the adjusting ring 17 drives the driving gear 16, which in turn drives the driven gear 15. The rotation of the driven gear 15 drives the double-ended stud 14, causing the double-ended stud 14 to slide along the two connecting rod segments, thus adjusting the length of the positioning connecting rod 5. It should be noted that, in practice, when adjusting the length of the positioning connecting rod 5, it can be adjusted before installation between the two gantry cranes, or it can be adjusted after connection. When connecting the positioning connecting rod 5 to the two gantry cranes, two people can apply force to the two cranes, combined with adjusting the adjusting ring 17, to easily adjust the positioning connecting rod 5.

[0052] The upper connecting rod 12 includes a middle sliding rod and end sleeve rods. Each end of the middle sliding rod is slidably engaged with an end sleeve rod. The ends of the two end sleeve rods away from the middle sliding rod are detachably connected to the central shafts of the two steel rope winding wheels by locking screws. Thus, when adjusting the distance between the two gantry cranes, the length of the upper connecting rod can change accordingly.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it should be further explained that a positioning bolt 19 is threaded onto the adjusting ring 17. The screw portion of the positioning bolt 19 passes through the adjusting ring 17 and abuts against the limiting rod 13. When the length of the positioning connecting rod 5 is not adjusted, the positioning bolt 19 can be tightened to position the adjusting ring 17, thereby ensuring the stability of the adjusting ring 17 and the driving gear 16. An extension rod is threaded onto the other end of the limiting rod 13. The extension rod passes through the corresponding connecting rod segment and the second connecting flange 7. A threaded groove is provided at the other end of the limiting rod 13, and a connecting screw is provided at one end of the extension rod. The connecting screw is threaded into the threaded groove, thereby ensuring the stability of the adjusting ring 17 and the driving gear 16. When adjusting the length of connecting rod 5, the length of limiting rod 13 can also be adjusted to ensure stable positioning of connecting rod segment by limiting rod 13. Two double-ended studs 14 are provided, with the same thread direction at the same end of the two double-ended studs 14. A driven gear 15 is coaxially connected to the middle of each of the two double-ended studs 14. The two driven gears 15 are spaced apart, and the driving gear 16 meshes with both driven gears 15. In this way, the driving gear 16 can simultaneously control the rotation of the two driven gears 15, thereby controlling the simultaneous rotation of the two double-ended studs 14, thus realizing the adjustment of the length of positioning connecting rod 5. The cooperation of the two double-ended studs 14 can make the connection of the two connecting rod segments more stable.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it should be further explained that a lower connecting rod 29 is detachably connected between the steel ropes 11 at the upper ends of the two hooks 10, which can further enhance the stability of the hooks 10, and thus enhance the stability of the track plate during lifting. The two ends of the lower connecting rod 29 are detachably connected to the two steel ropes 11 through the first clamp 30. The lower connecting rod 29 includes several lower connecting rod segments, and each lower connecting rod segment has a semi-circular clamp at both ends, so that two adjacent lower connecting rod segments can be detachably connected through two semi-circular clamps. In practice, this allows for easy adjustment of the length of the lower connecting rod 29 according to the actual situation to accommodate track plates with lengths in the range of 4.91-6.8m. An upper limit ring 31 is provided in the middle of the middle sliding rod. The sliding rod is divided into two sections and connected to both sides of the upper limit ring 31 respectively; the middle sliding rod is provided with an upper limit ring 31 in the middle, and the middle sliding rod is divided into two sections and connected to both sides of the upper limit ring 31 respectively; the lower connecting rod 29 is sleeved with a lower limit ring 32 in the middle, and a telescopic rod 33 is slidably connected inside the upper limit ring 31. The lower end of the telescopic rod 33 is connected to the lower limit ring 32, and the upper end of the telescopic rod 33 is located above the upper limit ring 31. A limit plate 34 is fixed to the upper end of the upper limit ring 31. The diameter of the limit plate 34 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper limit ring 31, which can ensure that the telescopic rod 33 is set vertically. The telescopic rod 33 can be adjusted by lifting and lowering the hook 10, and can always be set vertically, thereby strengthening the stability of the structure and further strengthening the stability of the track plate when it moves.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it should be further explained that the motor shaft of the walking motor 8 is detachably connected to the central shaft of the drive wheel 21 via a first sliding sleeve 23. One end of the first sliding sleeve 23 is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the walking motor 8 via a first fastening screw 24, facilitating disconnection of the walking motor 8 from the drive wheel 21. A first limiting groove extending along its length is provided on the inner wall of one side of the first sliding sleeve 23, and a first protrusion 25 extending along its length is provided at one end of the central shaft of the drive wheel 21. The first protrusion 25 slides in cooperation with the first limiting groove to ensure the walking motor 8... When the motor 8 starts, it can drive the central shaft of the drive wheel 21 to rotate through the first sliding sleeve 23. The central shaft of the drive wheel 21 is also provided with a first threaded groove. When the first fastening screw 24 slides to the first threaded groove, the first fastening screw 24 can be matched and screwed into the first threaded groove. In practice, when it is necessary to disconnect the connection between the travel motor 8 and the drive wheel 21, it is only necessary to first remove the first fastening screw 24, then slide the first sliding sleeve 23 so that the first sliding sleeve 23 is disengaged from the motor shaft of the travel motor 8, and then match and screw the first fastening screw 24 into the first threaded groove. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0056] The motor shaft of the lifting motor 9 is detachably connected to the central shaft of the steel rope winding reel via a second sliding sleeve 26. One end of the second sliding sleeve 26 is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the lifting motor 9 via a second fastening screw 27, facilitating disconnection of the lifting motor 9 from the steel rope winding reel. A second limiting groove extending along its length is provided on the inner wall of one side of the second sliding sleeve 26. A second protrusion 28 extending along its length is provided at one end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding reel. The second protrusion 28 slides in cooperation with the second limiting groove, ensuring that the lifting motor 9 can pass through the second sliding sleeve when starting. 26 drives the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel to rotate. One end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel is also provided with a first threaded groove. When the second fastening screw 27 slides to the second threaded groove, the second fastening screw 27 can be matched and screwed into the second threaded groove. In practice, when it is necessary to disconnect the connection between the lifting motor 9 and the steel rope winding wheel, it is only necessary to first remove the second fastening screw 27, then slide the second sliding sleeve 26 so that the second sliding sleeve 26 is disengaged from the motor shaft of the lifting motor 9, and then match and screw the second fastening screw 27 into the second threaded groove. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it should be further explained that each of the two I-beam top beams 1 is provided with an upper support roller 35, and the two upper support rollers 35 are connected by an upper connecting shaft 36. A lower connecting shaft 37 is installed inside the U-shaped connecting plate 20, and a lower bearing is sleeved in the middle of the lower connecting shaft 37. An upper bearing is sleeved in the middle of the upper connecting shaft 36. A second clamp 38 is sleeved on both the upper and lower bearings. The two second clamps 38 are connected by a first screw 39 and a first nut, thereby realizing the connection between the upper connecting shaft 36 and the U-shaped plate. The U-shaped connecting plate 20 is connected, and when the U-shaped connecting plate 20 moves, the upper support roller 35 will rotate along with it, which does not affect the movement of the traveling trolley, but can enhance the stability of the traveling trolley; upper retaining springs are snapped on the upper connecting shafts 36 on both sides of the upper bearing, and the two upper retaining springs abut against the inner ring of the upper bearing to ensure that the upper bearing is centered; lower retaining springs are snapped on the lower connecting shafts 37 on both sides of the lower bearing, and the two lower retaining springs abut against the inner ring of the lower bearing to ensure that the lower bearing is centered, thereby ensuring the stability when the upper bearing and the lower bearing are connected.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment of this example, it should be further explained that the lifting device includes a horizontally arranged I-beam connecting frame 40. The lifting device is integrated by means of the I-beam connecting frame 40, which can further enhance the stability of the track slab during lifting. The upper ends of the side beams on both sides of the I-beam connecting frame 40 are connected to steel wire ropes 41. The two ends of the two steel wire ropes 41 are connected to the two ends of their respective side beams. The middle parts of the two steel wire ropes 41 are respectively hooked onto two hooks 10, which facilitates the lifting of the lifting device by the hooks 10. An inverted U-shaped lifting frame 42 is provided below each end of each side beam. The two side plates of the two inverted U-shaped lifting frames 42 are respectively located on both sides of the two steel rails at the upper end of the track slab 47. A second screw 43 penetrating the steel rail is inserted between the two side plates. The threaded connection includes two second nuts 44, which clamp onto the opposite sides of the two side plates, ensuring a stable connection between the second screw 43 and the inverted U-shaped lifting frame 42 and the rail. A third screw 45 is connected to the middle of the inverted U-shaped lifting frame 42, with its upper part penetrating the side beam. Two third nuts 46 are threaded onto the third screw 45, clamping onto the upper and lower ends of the side beam, respectively, thus ensuring a stable connection between the third screw 45 and the side beam. The third screw 45 can be directly fixed to the inverted U-shaped lifting frame 42, or a fourth nut can be installed at the lower middle part of the inverted U-shaped lifting frame 42. This fourth nut is threaded onto the third screw 45 and abuts against the middle of the inverted U-shaped lifting frame 42, allowing for lifting as well. It should be noted that in practice, when the track plate is tilted, the height of the two third screws 45 can be adjusted, with one high and one low, to target the tilted track plate, improving the practicality of the lifting assembly.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railways, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100, Construction Preparation: Prepare the necessary construction equipment according to the track slab (47) at the location where the elastic pad is to be replaced. The construction equipment includes gantry crane, lifting tools, trestles, and the elastic pad and geotextile to be replaced. S200, tooling installed and in place: The gantry crane is installed at the replacement position. The base of the gantry crane is set on both sides of the two ballastless tracks. The hook (10) of the gantry crane is connected to the lifting device through the wire rope (41). The lifting device is connected to the track plate (47) at the replacement position of the elastic pad layer. Before the track plate (47) is lifted, at least two support stools are placed between the two ballastless tracks. The top of the stools is fixed with rubber pads. Step S250, Pre-construction measurement: At least two vertical marking lines (49) are made on the sides of both ends of the track slab (47) and the base plate (48) to be lifted. At least two horizontal marking lines (50) are made between the top surfaces of both ends of the track slab (47) to be lifted and the top surfaces of the adjacent track slab (47). Horizontal marking lines (51) are made between the sides of both ends of the track slab (47) to be lifted and the sides of the adjacent track slab (47). The initial horizontal and elevation position information of the track slab (47) support platform is collected using a total station in conjunction with a track geometry measuring instrument to form the initial state data of the track slab (47). In step S500, when the track plate (47) and the base plate (48) are precisely connected, the vertical marking line (49) between the hoisted track plate (47) and the base plate (48) is aligned, the horizontal marking line (50) between the hoisted track plate (47) and the adjacent track plate (47) is aligned, and the horizontal marking line (51) between the hoisted track plate (47) and the adjacent track plate (47) is aligned. Then, the horizontal and elevation position information of the track plate (47) receiving platform is collected using a total station and a reference frame, and compared and analyzed with the initial state data of the track plate (47) to determine the reset accuracy of the track plate (47) and ensure that the position accuracy of the track plate (47) meets the requirements. Step S280, Pre-lifting: In curved sections, a 10t jack is installed at the end of the crossbeam of the track panel fixture. The crossbeam is pre-lifted synchronously using the jack, so that the track slab (47) is 2cm off. At the same time, for curved sections, wedge-shaped square timber is installed between the top of the trestle and the rubber pad in step S200. The wedge-shaped square timber is used to ensure that the track slab (47) is stored at the top of the trestle. In straight sections, the track slab (47) is pre-lifted directly using a gantry crane to detach the track slab (47); S300, Track Slab Lifting: The gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to lift longitudinally. After the height of the track plate (47) is higher than the trestle, it is suspended longitudinally. Then the gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to move laterally. After the track plate (47) is above the trestle, it is suspended laterally. Then the gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to lower longitudinally and place the track plate (47) on the rubber pad on top of the trestle. S400, Replace the elastic pad: Remove the elastic pad in the limiting groove and then install a brand new elastic pad; remove or repair the geotextile at the bottom of the track plate (47). When the geotextile at the bottom of the track plate (47) is removed, a brand new geotextile is installed. S500, Track Plate Reset: The gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to lift longitudinally. After the track plate (47) is removed from the trestle, it is suspended longitudinally. Then the gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to move laterally. After the track plate (47) is directly above the base plate, it is suspended laterally. Then the gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to descend longitudinally, so that the track plate (47) is precisely connected with the base plate.

2. The method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gantry crane device includes two parallel gantry cranes. Each gantry crane includes two parallel I-beam top beams (1). The two ends of the two I-beam top beams (1) are connected by a crossbeam (2). The lower ends of the two I-beam top beams (1) are connected to a support column (3). The two support columns (3) located on the same side of the gantry crane are installed on a base (4). The bases (4) on the same side of the two gantry cranes are connected by a positioning connecting rod (5). The two ends of the positioning connecting rod (5) are equipped with a first connecting flange (6). The two bases (4) are fixed with a second connecting flange (7). The first connecting flange (6) and the second connecting flange (7) are detachably connected. A U-shaped connecting plate (20) is installed between two I-beam top beams (1). A drive wheel (21) and a driven wheel (22) are respectively installed on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped connecting plate (20). The drive wheel (21) and the driven wheel (22) are respectively rolled on the inner bottom surface of the two I-beam top beams (1) away from each other. A walking motor (8) for controlling the rotation of the drive wheel (21) is detachably connected to one side of the U-shaped connecting plate (20). A steel rope winding wheel is installed on the U-shaped connecting plate (20). A lifting motor (9) for controlling its rotation is detachably connected to one side of the steel rope winding wheel. A steel rope (11) connected to the hook (10) is wound on the steel rope winding wheel for connecting to the lifting device via the wire rope (41) through the hook (10). An upper connecting rod (12) is detachably connected between the central shafts of the two steel rope winding wheels.

3. The method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning connecting rod (5) includes two coaxially arranged connecting rod segments. A limiting rod (13) and a double-ended stud (14) are provided between the two connecting rod segments. One end of the limiting rod (13) is fixedly connected to one connecting rod segment, and the other end of the limiting rod (13) is slidably connected to the other connecting rod segment. The two ends of the double-ended stud (14) are respectively threaded to the two connecting rod segments. A driven gear (15) is coaxially connected to the middle of the double-ended stud (14). A gear that meshes with the driven gear (15) is coaxially sleeved on the limiting rod (13). The driving gear (16) has an adjusting ring (17) connected to one side. The adjusting ring (17) is sleeved on the limit rod (13), and the adjusting ring (17) has multiple insertion holes (18) for easy insertion with the adjusting rod. The upper connecting rod (12) includes a middle sliding rod and an end sleeve rod. The two ends of the middle sliding rod are each slidably engaged with an end sleeve rod. The ends of the two end sleeve rods away from the middle sliding rod are detachably connected to the central shafts of the two steel rope winding wheels by locking screws.

4. The method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railway according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting ring (17) is threaded with a positioning bolt (19). The screw of the positioning bolt (19) passes through the adjusting ring (17) and abuts against the limiting rod (13). The other end of the limiting rod (13) is threaded with an extension rod. The extension rod passes through the corresponding connecting rod section and the second connecting flange (7). The other end of the limiting rod (13) is provided with a threaded groove. One end of the extension rod is provided with a connecting screw. The connecting screw is threaded into the threaded groove. There are two double-ended studs (14). The threads of the two double-ended studs (14) at the same end are in the same direction. The middle of the two double-ended studs (14) is coaxially connected with a driven gear (15). The two driven gears (15) are spaced apart. The driving gear (16) meshes with both driven gears (15).

5. The method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railways according to claim 3, characterized in that, A lower connecting rod (29) is detachably connected between the steel ropes (11) at the upper ends of the two hooks (10). The two ends of the lower connecting rod (29) are detachably connected to the two steel ropes (11) through a first clamp (30). The lower connecting rod (29) includes several lower connecting rod segments. Each lower connecting rod segment has a semi-circular clamp at both ends so that two adjacent lower connecting rod segments can be detachably connected through two semi-circular clamps. An upper limit ring (31) is provided in the middle of the middle sliding rod. The moving rod is divided into two sections and connected to both sides of the upper limit ring (31); the lower connecting rod (29) is sleeved with a lower limit ring (32) in the middle, and a telescopic rod (33) is slidably connected inside the upper limit ring (31). The lower end of the telescopic rod (33) is connected to the lower limit ring (32), and the upper end of the telescopic rod (33) is located above the upper limit ring (31). The upper end of the upper limit ring (31) is fixed with a limit plate (34), and the diameter of the limit plate (34) is larger than the inner diameter of the upper limit ring (31).

6. The method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motor shaft of the walking motor (8) is detachably connected to the central shaft of the drive wheel (21) through the first sliding sleeve (23). One end of the first sliding sleeve (23) is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the walking motor (8) through the first fastening screw (24). A first limiting groove extending along its length direction is provided on the inner wall of one side of the first sliding sleeve (23). A first protrusion (25) extending along its length direction is provided at one end of the central shaft of the drive wheel (21). The first protrusion (25) slides in cooperation with the first limiting groove. A first threaded groove is also provided at one end of the central shaft of the drive wheel (21). When the first fastening screw (24) slides to the first threaded groove, the first fastening screw (24) can be matched and screwed into the first threaded groove. The motor shaft of the lifting motor (9) is detachably connected to the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel through the second sliding sleeve (26). One end of the second sliding sleeve (26) is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the lifting motor (9) through the second fastening screw (27). A second limiting groove extending along its length is provided on the inner wall of one side of the second sliding sleeve (26). A second protrusion (28) extending along its length is provided at one end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel. The second protrusion (28) slides in cooperation with the second limiting groove. A first threaded groove is also provided at one end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel. When the second fastening screw (27) slides to the second threaded groove, the second fastening screw (27) can be matched and screwed into the second threaded groove.

7. The method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railways according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two I-beam top beams (1) are each equipped with an upper support roller (35), and the two upper support rollers (35) are connected by an upper connecting shaft (36). A lower connecting shaft (37) is installed inside the U-shaped connecting plate (20). A lower bearing is sleeved in the middle of the lower connecting shaft (37), and an upper bearing is sleeved in the middle of the upper connecting shaft (36). A second clamp (38) is sleeved on both the upper and lower bearings. The two second clamps (38) are connected to the first nut through a first screw (39). Upper retaining rings are snapped onto the upper connecting shafts (36) on both sides of the upper bearing, and the two upper retaining rings abut against the inner ring of the upper bearing. Lower retaining rings are snapped onto the lower connecting shafts (37) on both sides of the lower bearing, and the two lower retaining rings abut against the inner ring of the lower bearing.

8. The method for replacing the elastic pad layer of ballastless track for high-speed railway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting device includes a horizontally arranged I-beam connecting frame (40), with steel wire ropes (41) connected to the upper ends of the side beams on both sides of the I-beam connecting frame (40). The two ends of the two steel wire ropes (41) are connected to the two ends of their respective side beams, and the middle parts of the two steel wire ropes (41) are respectively hooked onto two hooks (10). An inverted U-shaped lifting frame (42) is provided below each end of the side beam. The two side plates of the two inverted U-shaped lifting frames (42) are respectively located on both sides of the two rails at the upper end of the track plate (47). A second screw (43) is inserted between the side plates and passes through the rail. Two second nuts (44) are threaded on the second screw (43) and clamped to the side of the two side plates away from each other. A third screw (45) is connected to the middle of the inverted U-shaped hanging frame (42). The upper part of the third screw (45) passes through the side beam and two third nuts (46) are threaded on the third screw (45). The two third nuts (46) clamp to the upper and lower ends of the side beam respectively.

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