Heavy-load vehicle door hinge device capable of achieving rapid escape

Abstract

The invention discloses a heavy-load vehicle door hinge device capable of quickly escaping, which comprises a vehicle door upper hinge, a vehicle door lower hinge, a vehicle door upper hinge, a vehicle door lower hinge, a vehicle door upper hinge, a vehicle door lower hinge, a vehicle door lower hinge, a vehicle door upper hinge and a vehicle door lower hinge, and is characterized in that the mounting surface is provided with an upper hinge mounting through hole for connecting a vehicle door and is provided with an explosive bolt body and a bearing part mounting hole; a lower hinge mounting through hole is formed in the mounting surface of the vehicle door lower hinge and used for being connected with a vehicle body, and a threaded through hole used for mounting the threaded section of the explosion bolt is formed; the bearing piece is arranged between the vehicle door upper hinge and the explosive bolt; the bearing part mounting hole, the threaded through hole and the bearing part are coaxial; the explosive bolt is arranged between the automobile door upper hinge and the automobile door lower hinge, is used for actively detonating to separate the automobile door from the automobile body and is subjected to explosive welding with the inner ring of the bearing piece; the nut is in threaded connection with the explosive bolt; fastening connection of the vehicle door hinge device is achieved through the explosive bolt, the escape requirement of passengers is met, and the whole device has the advantages of being small in size, wide in application environment, high in safety and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of special vehicles, and particularly relates to a heavy-duty door hinge device for rapid escape. Background Art

[0002] In order to adapt to the battlefield environment, special vehicles usually use materials such as armored steel with high density and high protection coefficient to ensure the safety of crew members. However, the application of this material has significantly increased the weight of the door. Conventional door hinges are prone to irreversible deformation under long-term heavy loads, which in turn leads to difficulties in opening and closing the door. This not only affects the normal use of the vehicle but also causes serious consequences when the special vehicle encounters an improvised explosive device (IED) explosion. Once the door cannot be opened smoothly due to deformation, the crew members will be trapped in the cab and unable to escape in time, thus increasing the risk of casualties. To solve the above problems, it is necessary to design a door hinge device that can ensure smooth opening and closing of the heavy-duty door during long-term use and enable rapid escape in the event of serious accidents such as explosion shock, thereby improving the survival rate of crew members on the battlefield. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heavy-duty door hinge device for rapid escape, which uses a bearing member to meet the rotational requirements between the upper and lower hinges and prevent the heavy-duty door from affecting the smoothness of opening and closing due to its own weight. At the same time, an explosive bolt is used as a connecting member of the device. After the vehicle is deformed in an accident, the crew members can actively detonate the explosive bolt to separate the structure of the door from the vehicle, open a rapid escape channel, and improve the survival rate of the crew members.

[0004] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A heavy-duty door hinge device for rapid escape, comprising:

[0006] An upper door hinge, whose mounting surface is provided with an upper hinge mounting through hole for connecting the door, and is provided with an explosive bolt body mounting hole for mounting an explosive bolt and a bearing member mounting hole for mounting a bearing member;

[0007] A lower door hinge, whose mounting surface is provided with a lower hinge mounting through hole for connecting the vehicle body, and is provided with a threaded through hole for mounting the threaded section of the explosive bolt;

[0008] A bearing member, arranged between the upper door hinge and the explosive bolt;

[0009] The bearing member mounting hole, the threaded through hole and the bearing member are coaxial;

[0010] An explosive bolt, arranged between the upper door hinge and the lower door hinge, for actively detonating to separate the door from the vehicle body and causing explosion welding of the inner ring of the bearing member;

[0011] A nut, threadedly connected to the explosion bolt, and cooperating with the threaded through hole in the lower hinge of the car door to achieve the effect of double-nut fastening;

[0012] The axis of the upper hinge mounting through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the bearing member mounting hole, the axis of the lower hinge mounting through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the threaded through hole, and the axis of the upper hinge mounting through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the lower hinge mounting through hole.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the remarkable advantages of the present invention are:

[0014] The present invention provides a heavy-duty car door hinge device capable of rapid escape. A bearing member is used as the rotating part of the device to ensure that after long-term use of the heavy-duty car door hinge, its opening and closing actions remain smooth and non-sticky; an explosion bolt is used as the connecting fastener of the device. When it is difficult to open the car door due to a traffic accident, the occupant can actively detonate the explosion bolt in the device to separate the car door from the body structure and quickly open an escape passage; during the separation process of the said explosion bolt, an explosion welding phenomenon occurs, so that the head structure of the explosion bolt after separation is adhered to the inner ring of the bearing member as a whole, while the threaded section of the explosion bolt after separation is linked to the lower hinge of the car door as a whole due to threaded connection. This makes the said explosion bolt produce no separation fragments, that is, there is no need to install a separation fragment collection box, making the whole device highly safe in separation and compact in structure; and some components in the present invention can be selected as standard parts on the market, which is relatively convenient for assembly. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heavy-duty car door hinge device capable of rapid escape;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bearing member;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the explosion bolt;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view after the explosion bolt is assembled;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the plug used for the explosion bolt;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating sleeve used for the explosion bolt;

[0021] Figure 7 It is the state after the explosion separation of the explosion bolt under the constrained condition;

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper hinge of the car door;

[0023] Figure 9It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower hinge of the door;

[0024] Figure 10 A heavy-duty vehicle door device in a closed state for quick escape;

[0025] Figure 11 It is a heavy-duty door device that allows quick escape in the open state (maximum rotation angle 150°). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without the need for creative research, and they all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The present invention installs a bearing member 2 in the door hinge, and utilizes the rotation of the bearing tapered roller 202 in the bearing member to achieve relative rotation between the upper door hinge 1 and the lower door hinge 5, thereby ensuring smooth opening and closing of the heavy-loaded door. At the same time, an explosive bolt 3 is used as a connecting member of the entire device. Once a vehicle accident occurs, the occupants can actively detonate the explosive bolt 3 in the first time to release the connection between the door and the vehicle body, open the escape passage, and improve the survival rate of the occupants.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 A heavy-duty vehicle door hinge device for quick escape comprises an upper vehicle door hinge 1, a bearing member 2, an explosive bolt 3, an O-ring 4, a lower vehicle door hinge 5, and a nut 6.

[0029] The assembly process of the device of the present invention is as follows: first, the bearing component 2 is placed in the bearing component mounting hole 101 provided on the upper hinge 1 of the vehicle door, and then the O-ring 4 is placed between the bearing component 2 and the lower hinge 5 of the vehicle door, ensuring that the bearing component mounting hole 101, the O-ring 4 and the threaded through hole 501 provided on the lower hinge 5 of the vehicle door are in a coaxial matching relationship with the inner ring 201 of the bearing in the bearing component 2, and then the explosive bolt 3 is passed through the above components and connected with the threaded through hole 501 of the lower hinge 5 of the vehicle door, and finally the nut 6 is used to connect the threaded end of the explosive bolt 3, and the threaded through hole 501 provided on the lower hinge 5 of the vehicle door is matched to realize double nut tightening, so as to prevent the device from having thread loosening under long-term vehicle vibration environment;

[0030] The inventive device uses ordinary bolts to connect the upper door hinge 1 to the door by passing through the upper hinge mounting through-hole 103 provided on the upper door hinge 1, and connect the lower door hinge 5 to the vehicle body by passing through the lower hinge mounting through-hole 503 provided on the lower door hinge 5; wherein the upper hinge mounting through-hole 103 is provided on the mounting surface of the upper door hinge 1, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the bearing member mounting hole 101, and the lower hinge mounting through-hole 503 is provided on the mounting surface of the lower door hinge 5, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the threaded through-hole 501; when the door is in the closed state, the axis of the upper hinge mounting through-hole 103 is perpendicular to the axis of the lower hinge mounting through-hole 503. When two or more of the inventive devices are installed in each door system, the explosive bolt ignition heads 301 in each door system should be connected in parallel to the same detonator through detonating wires for detonation.

[0031] The bearing member 2 includes a bearing inner ring 201, bearing tapered rollers 202 and a bearing cage 203, and its assembly process is as follows: First, soak each component of the bearing member 2 in a cleaning agent and clean it with a brush to ensure that there is no oil stain or impurity on the surface; then place the bearing tapered rollers 202 in the track of the bearing inner ring 201 to ensure correct installation position and proper installation clearance; then fix the cage 203 to the bearing tapered rollers 202 to ensure correct installation position; finally, perform an anti-rust treatment on the bearing member 2. The bearing member 2 can select standard parts on the market according to actual load requirements to reduce production costs.

[0032] The bearing member 2 should meet the combined load requirements of the radial and axial directions of the heavy-duty door, and at the same time realize the relative rotation requirement between the upper and lower door hinges to ensure the smooth opening and closing of the heavy-duty door without jamming.

[0033] The explosion bolt 3 includes an ignition head 301, a sealing plug 302, an insulating sleeve 303, explosives 304, an explosion bolt body 305, and an explosion bolt weakening groove 306. The assembly process is as follows: First, the explosives 304 are press-fitted inside the charge chamber provided at one end of the explosion bolt body 305. Then, the ignition head 301 and the insulating sleeve 303 are assembled (the ignition head 301 is arranged inside the insulating sleeve 303) and placed inside the charge chamber close to the position of the explosives 304. Next, the ignition lead is passed through the preset through-hole in the insulating sleeve 304 and connected to the ignition head 301, and the sealing plug 302 provided with a through-hole is threadedly connected to the explosion bolt body 305 to block the opening of the explosion bolt. Finally, the threaded connection of the sealing plug 302 and the through-hole are adhesively sealed. The other end of the explosion bolt body 305 is provided with an external thread for passing through the threaded through-hole 501 and connecting to the nut 6. A smooth rod is provided in the middle of the explosion bolt body 305, and the position of the smooth rod is used to install the inner ring 201 of the bearing of the bearing member 2. One end of the bearing member 2 is limited by the explosion bolt body 305, and the other end is provided with a metal O-ring 4 for limiting and sealing. The outer diameter of the bearing member 2 is slightly larger than the explosion bolt body 305. The explosion bolt body 305 and the bearing member 2 are installed together in the bearing member installation hole 101, and the lead of the ignition head 301 is passed through the bearing member installation hole 101. An explosion bolt weakening groove 306 is provided between the smooth rod and the external thread, and the explosives 304 extend to the position of the explosion bolt weakening groove 306. The explosion bolt controls the separation surface by machining the explosion bolt weakening groove 306 to define the explosion separation cross-section; the weakening groove structure is the structurally weak area of the explosion bolt. To improve the load-bearing capacity of the explosion bolt, the overlapping area between the weakening groove structure and its internal chamber should be as small as possible; when the explosion bolt performs the separation task, along with the explosion of the internal explosives, the explosion bolt weakening groove 306 section will change from expansion deformation to tensile-shear fracture; the behavior of the explosion bolt hitting the inner ring of the bearing member due to expansion deformation during the separation process will cause an explosion welding phenomenon between the head structure of the separated explosion bolt and the inner ring of the bearing member, further reducing the harm caused by the separation fragments;

[0034] The material of the explosion bolt 3 is 304 stainless steel, and the structure of the sealing plug 302 is as Figure 5 shown. The sealing plug 302 is provided with a through-hole, and the size of the through-hole is smaller than the diameter of the ignition head, but it can ensure that the detonation wire of the ignition head 301 can pass through; a slotted cross recess is machined at the top of the sealing plug 302 to facilitate the application of the tightening torque when sealing the explosion bolt. A counterbore is provided at the bottom of the sealing plug 302, and the diameter of the counterbore matches the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve 303, restricting the degrees of freedom of the ignition head 301 and the insulating sleeve 303 inside the explosion bolt 3 in the long-term vehicle vibration environment and improving the separation reliability of the explosion bolt 3;

[0035] The structure of the insulating sleeve 303 in the explosion bolt 3 is as Figure 6As shown, insulating materials such as rubber and plastic are selected. A stepped through-hole is provided inside the insulating sleeve 303. The larger diameter of the through-hole matches the outer diameter of the ignition head 301. The smaller end of the through-hole (serving as a fire-transfer hole) contacts the explosive 304 to improve the electrostatic protection performance of the explosive bolt 3. The sum of the length of the insulating sleeve 303 and the length of the explosive 304 is the same as the sum of the length of the internal cavity of the explosive bolt body 305 and the length of the counterbore of the sealing plug 302, avoiding direct contact between the explosive 304 and the ignition head 301. At the same time, a constant pressure can be applied to the explosive 304 to prevent it from spreading under long-term vehicle vibration environment, and improve the separation reliability of the explosive bolt 3.

[0036] The nut 6 is installed at the threaded end of the explosive bolt, and the double-nut fastening effect is achieved in cooperation with the threaded through-hole in the lower door hinge 5. The size of the threaded through-hole is the same as that of the threaded through-hole in the lower door hinge, avoiding the phenomenon of thread loosening of the explosive bolt in the device under long-term vehicle vibration environment, which may cause deformation of the door opening and closing action or even separation of the door from the vehicle body.

[0037] The separated state of the explosive bolt 3 under the constrained condition is as Figure 7 shown. Not only is the cross-section of the separated explosive bolt 3 clean and tidy, but also the bolt head structure after separation is adhered to the external constrained workpiece as a whole due to explosive welding. The threaded section structure of the separated explosive bolt is connected to the nut section as a whole due to thread connection, that is, no relevant measures are required to collect the fragments generated by the separation of the explosive bolt 3, making the whole device structure compact and the separation safety of the explosive bolt 3 high.

[0038] The structural schematic diagram of the upper door hinge 1 is as Figure 8 shown. There is a bearing part installation hole 101 at the connection surface with the lower door hinge 5. The size of the bearing part installation hole 101 is the same as the external size of the bearing part 2. A fillet structure 102 for rotatably supporting the hook-shaped structure 502 is provided at the lower end of the bearing part installation hole 101. The size of the fillet structure 102 is the same as the size of the hook-shaped structure 502 provided in the lower door hinge 5. By fillet machining, the contact area with the lower door hinge is increased, and the stress concentration phenomenon during use is alleviated, thereby improving the service life of the device.

[0039] The structural schematic diagram of the lower door hinge 5 is as Figure 9 shown. There is a threaded through-hole 501 at the connection surface with the upper door hinge 1. The size of the threaded through-hole 501 is the same as the thread size of the explosive bolt 3. The hook-shaped structure 502 is the same as the fillet structure 101 in the upper door hinge 1, restricting the maximum rotation angle between the upper door hinge 1 and the lower door hinge 5 to 150°.

[0040] When the door is closed, the state of the inventive device is as Figure 10As shown, the angle between the upper door hinge 1 and the lower door hinge 5 of the door is 90° at this time; when the door reaches the maximum opening angle, the state of the inventive device is as Figure 11 shown. The end of the hook-shaped structure 502 contacts the end of the rounded corner structure 102, and the upper door hinge 1 and the lower door hinge 5 of the door cannot rotate relative to each other. At this time, the angle between the upper door hinge and the lower door hinge of the door is 150°.

[0041] When the explosive bolt performs the separation task, along with the explosion of the internal explosive, the weakened groove section of the explosive bolt will change from expansion deformation to tensile-shear fracture; the behavior of the explosive bolt hitting the inner ring of the bearing part due to expansion deformation during the separation process will cause an explosion welding phenomenon between the head structure of the separated explosive bolt and the inner ring of the bearing part, further reducing the harm of the separated fragments. The explosion welding phenomenon occurs during the separation process of the explosive bolt, so that the fragments generated during the separation process will not cause harm to the surrounding structures; when the vehicle is subjected to an external impact and undergoes serious deformation, the occupant can actively detonate the explosive bolt to quickly open the door for escape; this application uses the bearing part to reduce the influence of the heavy-duty door on the opening and closing performance, and uses the explosive bolt to achieve the fastening connection of the door hinge device, meeting the escape needs of the occupants. The whole device has the advantages of small volume, wide applicable environment, high safety, etc.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty vehicle door hinge device capable of rapid escape, characterized in that: include: The upper hinge of the vehicle door has an upper hinge mounting through hole on its mounting surface for connecting the vehicle door, and is provided with an explosive bolt body and a bearing member mounting hole for mounting an explosive bolt; The lower hinge of the door has a lower hinge mounting through hole on its mounting surface for connecting to the vehicle body, and a threaded through hole for mounting a threaded section of a bolt; A bearing member, arranged between the hinge on the door and the explosive bolt; The bearing mounting hole and the threaded through hole are coaxial with the bearing; An explosive bolt is arranged between the upper hinge of the door and the lower hinge of the door, and is used to actively detonate to separate the door from the body, and to explosively weld the inner ring of the bearing; The nut is threadedly connected with the explosive bolt and cooperates with the threaded through hole in the lower hinge of the door to achieve a double nut fastening effect; The axis of the upper hinge installation through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the bearing installation hole, the axis of the lower hinge installation through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the threaded through hole, and the axis of the upper hinge installation through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the lower hinge installation through hole.

2. The heavy-duty vehicle door hinge device capable of rapid escape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosive bolt comprises an ignition head, a sealing plug, an insulating sleeve, explosives, and an explosive bolt body; A charging chamber is arranged at one end of the explosive bolt body, and the explosive is arranged in the charging chamber; the ignition head is arranged in an insulating sleeve, and they are placed together inside the charging chamber and close to the explosive; the ignition fuse of the ignition head passes through the insulating sleeve and the hinge installation through hole; the sealing plug and the explosive bolt body limit the insulating sleeve; the other end is provided with an external thread for passing through the threaded through hole and connecting a nut; a polished rod is arranged in the middle of the explosive bolt body, and the position of the polished rod is used to install the bearing inner ring of the bearing member; one end of the bearing member is limited by the explosive bolt body, and the other end is provided with a metal O-ring for limiting and sealing; an explosive bolt weakening groove is arranged between the polished rod and the external thread as an explosion separation surface; the explosive extends to the position of the explosive bolt weakening groove.

3. The heavy-duty vehicle door hinge device capable of rapid escape according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stepped through hole is arranged inside the insulating sleeve, the larger diameter of the through hole matches the outer diameter of the ignition head, the smaller end of the through hole contacts the explosive, and the length of the insulating sleeve plus the length of the explosive is consistent with the length of the cavity inside the explosive bolt body plus the length of the sealing plug countersunk hole.

4. The heavy-duty vehicle door hinge device capable of rapid escape according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing plug is provided with a through hole, the size of which is smaller than the diameter of the ignition head, but can ensure that the ignition head detonating wire can pass through; the bottom of the sealing plug is provided with a countersunk hole, the diameter of which matches the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve, for limiting the freedom of the ignition head and the insulating sleeve.

5. The heavy-duty vehicle door hinge device capable of rapid escape according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the sealing plug is processed with a slot.

6. The heavy-duty vehicle door hinge device capable of rapid escape according to claim, characterized in that: The lower end of the bearing mounting hole is provided with a rounded corner structure for rotating and supporting the hook structure. The size of the rounded corner structure is consistent with the size of the hook structure provided in the lower door hinge. It is used to rotate and support the hook structure and limit the rotation range of the upper door hinge and the lower door hinge.

7. The heavy-duty vehicle door hinge device capable of rapid escape according to claim, characterized in that: The bearing component includes a bearing inner ring, a bearing tapered roller and a bearing retainer, and the assembly process is as follows: first, soak the various components of the bearing component in a cleaning agent and clean them with a brush; then place the bearing tapered roller in the track of the bearing inner ring; then fix the retainer to the bearing tapered roller; and finally, perform rust-proof treatment on the bearing component.

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