Soil layer detection drilling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of soil layer drilling devices, in particular to a soil layer detection drilling device which comprises a drilling frame and a conveying mechanism, the erecting direction of the drilling frame is parallel to the gravity direction in the working state, the conveying mechanism comprises a downward conveying assembly coaxially arranged on the drilling frame and located at the end of the drilling frame, and a conveying barrel arranged on the surface of the downward conveying assembly in a sliding mode. Through the arrangement of the conveying mechanism, the nuclear load mechanism and the change mechanism, in the drilling process of the device, when the tunneling drill bits enter the first layer of the earth surface, the four tunneling drill bits are close to one another to form a whole, and the sampling part of the polluted area enters the second layer of the earth surface; the telescopic cylinder body can be pushed forwards to be close to the tunneling drill bit, meanwhile, the pumping pipeline can be close to the telescopic cylinder body, cooling water at the tunneling drill bit and polluted water are pumped synchronously, and the influence of the polluted water and the cooling water on a sample in a drilling area is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of soil layer drilling devices, and particularly to a soil layer detection drilling device. Background Art

[0002] The main function of a soil layer detection drilling device is to drill and collect samples to understand physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, or to collect underground soil samples to understand the distribution of underground rocks, minerals, and paleontology, etc.; Firstly, when the drilling device is in use, some sampling is carried out layer by layer inwards. However, the sampling area will be affected by agriculture, industry, and urban life, etc., and the sampling area will be affected to varying degrees, causing the drilled samples to be contaminated. Water or minerals in the environment will invade the lower-layer samples, resulting in cross-contamination between samples; Secondly, during the drilling process, not only will it be affected by water in the environment, but most drilling also requires the use of water as a coolant, which will increase the difficulty of sampling in polluted areas. When constructing and drilling the soil, water needs to be injected into the drilling area to cool the drill bit and stabilize the hole wall, preventing damage or failure of the drill bit of the device due to excessive temperature during the drilling process. Due to the injection of water at the drill bit, in areas with loose soil, soft soil, or fine sand and soft soil geology, and areas without much stone support, too much water inside the drill bit will make the sample loose inside, resulting in a deviation between the test result and the actual situation. When the sample is in an area with too much water or in rainy or snowy weather, the sampled area may also collapse, causing the upper, middle, and lower layers of the sample to be affected not only by the invasion of water or minerals from the lower layer, resulting in deviation, but also by the inside of the collapsed hole wall. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems of sampling affected by the environment, water, and hole wall collapse in the above or existing technologies, the present invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a soil layer detection drilling device.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A soil layer detection drilling device, including, in the working state, a drill rig with an erection direction parallel to the gravity direction, a transportation mechanism, including a lower delivery component coaxially arranged on the drill rig and located at the end of the drill rig, a transportation cylinder slidably arranged on the surface of the lower delivery component, lower delivery pipes evenly distributed on the surface of the transportation cylinder with the lower delivery component as the center for injecting water into the inner part of the hole wall, and a connection component arranged inside the transportation cylinder, the connection component divides the transportation cylinder into an upper chamber A and a lower chamber B, a nuclear load mechanism, including a loading cylinder coaxially arranged inside the transportation cylinder, a sealed disk body arranged inside the loading cylinder, a water collection chamber C formed between the sealed disk body and the loading cylinder, and a limiting disk body arranged on the loading cylinder and located outside the water collection chamber C, a variation mechanism, located inside the sealed disk body and coaxially approaching or expanding relative to the sealed disk body for drilling and water delivery in the soil layer, and several groups of vertically arranged sampling mechanisms arranged inside the transportation cylinder for horizontally sampling the soil layer inside the hole wall drilled by the variation mechanism.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the soil layer detection drilling device of the present invention, wherein: a first driving motor is arranged at the end of the lower delivery component, a transportation rod body is arranged at the inner top of the lower delivery component, the end of the transportation rod body is fixedly connected to the output end of the first driving motor, and the transportation cylinder is threadedly connected to the transportation rod body.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the soil layer detection drilling device of the present invention, wherein: a second driving motor is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the transportation cylinder, a water passing hole is opened on the inner bottom wall of the transportation cylinder near one side of the second driving motor, the water passing holes are evenly distributed on the transportation cylinder with the central axis of the transportation cylinder as the center, and sampling holes cooperating with the sampling mechanism are opened on the inner wall of the lower chamber of the transportation cylinder along the drilling direction.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the soil layer detection drilling device of the present invention, wherein: a water guiding pipe is arranged on the surface of the connection component, the water guiding pipe is arranged on the transportation cylinder, the suction end of the water guiding pipe is lower than the sampling hole, and a first cylinder is arranged on the surface of the connection component near one side of the water guiding pipe and perpendicular to the sampling hole, and a pressing block is fixedly connected to the end of the first cylinder.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the soil detection drilling device of the present invention, the following is provided: the loading cylinder is arranged at the output end of the second driving motor, a mud pump is arranged inside the water collection chamber C, a second cylinder is arranged on the loading cylinder, the output end of the second cylinder is movable outside the water collection chamber C and fixedly connected with a connecting rod, two sets of limiting chutes are oppositely arranged on the surface of the limiting disc body, and limiting holes corresponding to the limiting chutes are arranged on the surface of the loading cylinder.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the soil detection drilling device of the present invention, the following is provided: the changing mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder arranged inside the sealed disc body, a number of directional blocks corresponding to the number of chutes arranged on the loading cylinder are oppositely arranged on the surface of the telescopic cylinder, two sets of connecting rods are rotatably connected to the surface of each directional block, a slider is rotatably connected inside the connecting rod, a long rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider, a tunneling bit is fixedly connected to the end of the long rod, pumping pipes are arranged on the surface of the slider near both sides of the directional block, the end of the pumping pipe is near the conical part of the tunneling bit, the other end of the pumping pipe is connected to the mud pump, and two sets of rolling rods sliding on the chute of the limiting disc body are arranged inside the slider.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the soil detection drilling device of the present invention, the following is provided: one side of the surface of the telescopic cylinder near the rolling rod is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, and the maximum operating stroke reaches near the surface of the limiting disc body, and the long rod slides inside the limiting hole on the surface of the loading cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the soil detection drilling device of the present invention, the following is provided: the sampling mechanism includes a sampling cylinder arranged on the transportation cylinder and inside the sampling hole, a pressure-receiving block cooperating with the pressing block is fixedly connected to the end of the sampling cylinder, a spring is sleeved on the sampling cylinder in a sliding manner, one end of the spring is arranged on the pressure-receiving block, and the other end of the spring is arranged on the transportation cylinder.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the soil detection drilling device of the present invention, the following is provided: a heightening block for preventing the tunneling bit from touching the ground in a non-drilling state is arranged on the surface of the drill rig.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the soil detection drilling device of the present invention: Through the arrangement of the transportation mechanism, the load-bearing mechanism and the changing mechanism, during the drilling process of the device, for the sampling part in the polluted area, when the tunneling bit enters the first layer of the ground surface, the four tunneling bits approach each other to form a whole, the telescopic cylinder will push forward and approach the tunneling bit, and at the same time the pumping pipe will also approach the telescopic cylinder, and the cooling water and the polluted water at the tunneling bit will be pumped synchronously, reducing the influence of the polluted water and the cooling water on the samples in the drilling area; Further, when the sampling area has excessive contaminated water and the hole wall becomes unstable due to adverse weather conditions, the tunneling bits will move away from each other and rotate relatively slowly. While drilling the hole wall for support, the pumping pipeline approaches the tunneling bits that move away, reducing the problem that the waste liquid stays in the hole wall for too long due to the increased radius, fails to be sent out of the pollution source at the current level in time, and causes the pollution source to seep downward and contaminate the current area sample. Further, when the drilling of the current level is completed, the first cylinder will drive the pressing block to send out the sampling mechanism for lateral sampling of the current level to detect the spatial variability of the soil layer at the sampling location. When the pressing block is not in contact with the contact block, the sampling mechanism resets to prevent the current surface water from flowing into the hole wall and contaminating the sample. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0016] Figure 1 They are the main three views of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0017] Figure 2 They are the schematic diagrams of the disassembly of the transportation mechanism of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0018] Figure 3 They are the partial sectional views of the transportation mechanism of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0019] Figure 4 They are the second sectional views of the transportation mechanism of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0020] Figure 5 They are the partial sectional views of the load-bearing mechanism and the transportation mechanism of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0021] Figure 6 They are the partial sectional views of the load-bearing mechanism and the second perspective of the changing mechanism of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0022] Figure 7 They are the partial schematic diagrams of the changing mechanism of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0023] Figure 8 They are the partial sectional views of the changing mechanism of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0024] Figure 9 They are the isolated schematic diagrams of the sampling mechanism of the soil layer detection drilling device.

[0025] In the figure: 100, drill rig; 102, elevation block; 200, conveying mechanism; 222, lower conveying assembly; 2221, first driving motor; 2222, conveying rod; 2011, second driving motor; 2012, water passing hole; 203, conveying cylinder; 204, lower conveying pipe; 208, connecting assembly; 2081, water guiding pipe; 2082, first cylinder; 2083, pressing block; 300, load-bearing mechanism; 301, loading cylinder; 302, mud pump; 303, sealed disc; 304, second cylinder; 305, limiting disc; 306, connecting rod; 400, sampling mechanism; 401, sampling cylinder; 402, pressure-receiving block; 403, spring; 500, changing mechanism; 501, telescopic cylinder; 502, directional block; 503, connecting rod; 504, slider; 505, long rod; 506, tunneling bit; 507, pumping pipe; 508, rolling rod. A, upper chamber; B, lower chamber; C, water collecting chamber. Specific implementation manner

[0026] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0027] Refer to Figures 1 to 9 , including, in the working state, a drill rig 100 with the erection direction parallel to the gravity direction, a conveying mechanism 200, including a lower conveying assembly 222 coaxially arranged on the drill rig 100 and located at the end of the drill rig 100, a conveying cylinder 203 slidably arranged on the surface of the lower conveying assembly 222, lower conveying pipes 204 evenly distributed on the surface of the conveying cylinder 203 with the lower conveying assembly 222 as the center for feeding water into the inner wall of the hole, and a connecting assembly 208 arranged inside the conveying cylinder 203. The connecting assembly 208 divides the conveying cylinder 203 into an upper chamber A and a lower chamber B, a load-bearing mechanism 300, including a loading cylinder 301 coaxially arranged inside the conveying cylinder 203, a sealed disc 303 arranged inside the loading cylinder 301, a water collecting chamber C formed between the sealed disc 303 and the loading cylinder 301, and a limiting disc 305 arranged on the loading cylinder 301 and located outside the water collecting chamber C, a changing mechanism 500, located inside the sealed disc 303 and coaxially approaching or opening relative to the sealed disc 303 for drilling and water feeding in the soil layer, and several groups of vertically arranged sampling mechanisms 400, arranged inside the conveying cylinder 203 for laterally sampling the soil layer inside the hole wall drilled by the changing mechanism 500.

[0028] When the device is in use, first, the drill rig 100 installs and fixes it to the machine or the sampling ground. Subsequently, the transportation mechanism 200 transports the load-bearing mechanism 300 downward. At the same time, the load-bearing mechanism 300 driven by the transportation mechanism 200 will drive the internal variable mechanism 500 to rotate. At this time, the downward delivery pipe 204 arranged on the surface of the transportation cylinder 203 will send water from an external water source to the drilling area in contact with the variable mechanism 500. When the variable mechanism 500 finishes drilling the first layer, and the water treatment and support in the hole wall are completed, when preparing to drill to the next layer, a horizontal sample is taken from the hole wall through the sampling mechanism 400. If the density inside the hole wall of the area is relatively compact, when the sampling mechanism 400 extends for sampling, the transportation mechanism 200 operates downward a small distance, breaks the sampling area slightly, so that it can be retained inside the sampling mechanism 400.

[0029] It should be noted that the downward water delivery of the transportation cylinder 203 should be continuous and in small amounts. When necessary, an atomizing nozzle can be installed at the end of the transportation cylinder 203. In areas with heavy pollution, areas with a large amount of groundwater, and environmental monitoring areas, horizontal sampling can reveal the distribution characteristics of soil layers in the horizontal direction, including the continuity, uniformity of the soil layers, and possible horizontal layers or interlayers, and can also evaluate the diffusion range and degree of pollutants in the soil layers.

[0030] Refer to Figures 4 to 6 , a first driving motor 2221 is arranged at the end of the downward delivery component 222. A transportation rod 2222 is arranged at the top inside the downward delivery component 222. The end of the transportation rod 2222 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first driving motor 2221. The transportation cylinder 203 is threadedly connected to the transportation rod 2222.

[0031] A second driving motor 2011 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the transportation cylinder 203. A water passing hole 2012 is opened on the inner bottom wall of the transportation cylinder 203 on one side close to the second driving motor 2011. The water passing holes 2012 are evenly distributed on the transportation cylinder 203 with the central axis of the transportation cylinder 203 as the center. Sampling holes for cooperating with the sampling mechanism 400 are opened on the inner wall of the lower chamber of the transportation cylinder 203 along the drilling direction.

[0032] A water guiding pipe 2081 is arranged on the surface of the coupling component 208. The water guiding pipe 2081 is arranged on the transportation cylinder 203. The suction end of the water guiding pipe 2081 is lower than the sampling hole. On the surface of the coupling component 208, on one side close to the water guiding pipe 2081 and perpendicular to the sampling hole, a first cylinder 2082 is arranged. The end of the first cylinder 2082 is fixedly connected to a pressing block 2083.

[0033] When the first driving motor 2221 operates, it will drive the conveying rod body 2222 inside the lower feeding assembly 222 to start working. At this time, the conveying rod body 2222 will drive the conveying cylinder body 203 to move up and down on it. The special shape inside the conveying cylinder body 203 restricts the conveying cylinder body 203 to prevent it from rotating, providing stability for it. At the same time, the end of the water guiding pipe 2081 is lower than the height of the last sampling mechanism 400, and the water sent up by the load-bearing mechanism 300 will be secondarily diverted and sent out from the inside of the device. When sampling is required, the first air cylinder 2082 will work at each level, move downward, drive the pressing block 2083 to trigger each sampling mechanism 400 one by one. After the first sampling mechanism 400 finishes sampling, the pressing block 2083 moves away from the sampling mechanism 400, and the sampling mechanism 400 will automatically reset. And so on, until all levels are sampled, the first air cylinder 2082 stops working. When the conveying cylinder body 203 resets upward, the pressing block 2083 will be driven by the first air cylinder 2082 to reset and eject each sampling mechanism 400 from bottom to top in turn. When sampling layer by layer, the sampling mechanism 400 will remain inside the conveying cylinder body 203 to protect the sampling mechanism 400 from the intrusion of rainwater and other substances. The second driving motor 2011 will separately rotate and drive the load-bearing mechanism 300.

[0034] It should be noted that the downward water delivery of the conveying cylinder body 203 is less than or equal to the upward water delivery volume of the water guiding pipe 2081 to avoid a series of problems such as the accumulation of the water guiding pipe 2081 due to untimely drainage caused by excessive water delivery of the conveying cylinder body 203, and the excessive weight at the end of the conveying cylinder body 203.

[0035] Refer to Figures 6 to 9 , the loading cylinder body 301 is arranged at the output end of the second driving motor 2011. A slurry pump 302 is arranged inside the water collecting chamber C. A second air cylinder 304 is arranged on the loading cylinder body 301. The output end of the second air cylinder 304 is movable outside the water collecting chamber C and is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 306. Two groups of limiting sliding grooves are oppositely arranged on the surface of the limiting disc body 305. Limiting holes corresponding to the limiting sliding grooves are arranged on the surface of the loading cylinder body 301.

[0036] The second driving motor 2011 drives the loading cylinder body 301 of the load-bearing mechanism 300 to work, making the loading cylinder body 301 rotate. The middle part of the sealing disc body 303 is connected with the changing mechanism 500. Subsequently, the second air cylinder 304 drives the connecting rod 306 to work. The connecting rod 306 is partially connected with the telescopic cylinder body 501 of the changing mechanism 500. When the device works on the soil surface, the second air cylinder 304 drives the connecting rod 306 to be at the longest distance in the limiting area. And when the drilling hole wall has a tendency to collapse due to soft soil or bad weather, the connecting rod 306 will move inward and reset a certain distance through the second air cylinder 304.

[0037] The variable mechanism 500 includes a telescopic cylinder body 501 arranged inside the sealed disk body 303. Oppositely arranged on the surface of the telescopic cylinder body 501 are orientation blocks 502 corresponding to the number of sliding grooves opened on the loading cylinder body 301. Two groups of connecting rods 503 are rotatably connected to the surface of each orientation block 502. A slider 504 is rotatably connected inside the connecting rod 503. A long rod 505 is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider 504. An end of the long rod 505 is fixedly connected to an excavation drill bit 506. Suction and delivery pipes 507 are arranged on both sides of the surface of the slider 504 close to the orientation block 502. The end of the suction and delivery pipe 507 is close to the conical part of the excavation drill bit 506, and the other end of the suction and delivery pipe 507 is connected to the mud pump 302. Two groups of rolling rod bodies 508 that slide on the sliding grooves of the limiting disk body 305 are arranged inside the slider 504.

[0038] One side of the surface of the telescopic cylinder body 501 close to the rolling rod body 508 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 306, and the maximum operating stroke reaches close to the surface of the limiting disk body 305. The long rod 505 slides inside the limiting holes on the surface of the loading cylinder body 301.

[0039] When the telescopic cylinder body 501 is controlled by the connecting rod 306, the telescopic cylinder body 501 will operate upward or downward along the center axis of gravity. When the telescopic cylinder body 501 starts to operate, it will drive a change in the angle between the connecting rods 503 on the orientation blocks 502. The change in the angle will cause the slider 504 to contract or expand on the limiting disk body 305, synchronously driving deformation of the excavation drill bit 506 and the suction and delivery pipes 507 on the slider 504.

[0040] When the device is in use, when the excavation drill bits 506 are combined into a whole, the telescopic cylinder body 501 is at the minimum stroke, close to the axis where the excavation drill bits 506 are combined. Subsequently, the telescopic cylinder body 501 can be used for auxiliary operations. The suction and delivery pipes 507 are the main synchronous devices, and water from the center of gravity is pumped through the mud pump 302.

[0041] It should be noted that in special cases of use, such as when the hole wall is affected by groundwater and seeps in too much water inward, an external pipe needs to be connected to the end inside the telescopic cylinder body 501. One end of the external pipe is at the axis of the telescopic cylinder body 501, and the other end is connected to the mud pump 302 to assist in pumping water from the central part, but it cannot affect the internal operation of the excavation drill bit 506. And the mud moves synchronously closer and farther away through the suction and delivery pipes 507 to track the excavation drill bit 506.

[0042] The sampling mechanism 400 is arranged on the conveying cylinder body 203. The sampling mechanism 400 includes a sampling cylinder body 401 arranged inside the sampling hole. A pressure-receiving block 402 that cooperates with the pressing block 2083 is fixedly connected to the end of the sampling cylinder body 401. A spring 403 is slidably sleeved on the sampling cylinder body 401. One end of the spring 403 is arranged on the pressure-receiving block 402, and the other end of the spring 403 is arranged on the conveying cylinder body 203.

[0043] The sampling cylinder body 401 of the sampling mechanism 400 moves inside the sampling hole. The radius of the sampling cylinder body 401 is smaller than the radius of the sampling hole. One end of the spring 403 can be fixed on the pressure-receiving block 402, and the other end can be movable or fixed at the inner edge of the sampling hole as long as the reset effect can be achieved.

[0044] Refer to Figure 1 , a heightening block 102 for preventing the tunneling bit 506 from touching the ground in the non-drilling state is arranged on the surface of the installation bracket drill rig 100.

[0045] Operation steps: When in use by personnel, the heightening block 102 on the drill rig 100 is installed on the ground or the conveying device to provide a heightening function for the changing mechanism 500. Subsequently, an external water pipe is connected to the lower delivery pipe 204 and the water guiding pipe 2081 to assist in downward water delivery and upward water delivery for the device. The first driving motor 2221 drives the conveying rod 2222 inside the lower delivery assembly 222 to rotate. The principle can refer to a ball screw. The conveying cylinder body 203 starts to descend. At this time, the load-bearing mechanism 300 is driven by the second driving motor 2011 to start operating, so that the changing mechanism 500 inside the load-bearing mechanism 300 starts to drill towards the first layer of the ground. At this time, the changing mechanism 500 is in the initial state, and the tunneling bit 506 approaches the same axis. As the tunneling bit 506 drills, the lower delivery pipe 204 starts to slightly cool towards the tunneling bit 506. When the tunneling bit 506 is working, the water in the hole wall and the injected water will approach the bit. At this time, the mud pump 302 works synchronously to pump the water at the tunneling bit 506 in the initial state upward to keep the contaminated water in the hole wall from seeping downward and the relative dryness inside the contaminated hole wall. When the tunneling bit 506 drills into the next layer, the first cylinder 2082 drives the pressing block 2083 to send out the first sampling cylinder body 401 close to the first driving motor 2221 to laterally sample the inside of the hole wall. Subsequently, when the pressing block 2083 moves downward and does not contact the sampling mechanism 400, the spring 403 resets. When reaching the next layer, the pressing block 2083 triggers the next sampling mechanism 400. When the pressing block 2083 contacts all the sampling mechanisms 400, the sampling is completed. When the conveying cylinder body 203 resets, then operate the pressing block 2083 on the first cylinder 2082 to move upward to eject the sampling mechanisms 400 in sequence.

[0046] Operating conditions in special environments: When the hole wall is under conditions such as a large amount of groundwater, excessive mud, and harsh environments, when the tunneling bit 506 drills the current hierarchical part, the second cylinder 304 drives the connecting rod 306 to work, bringing the telescopic cylinder body 501 closer to the sealed disc body 303. Subsequently, the tunneling bit 506 will adapt to its current operating environment and operate a certain distance coaxial and outward. At the same time, the rotational speed of the load-bearing mechanism 300 by the second drive motor 2011 slows down to stabilize the hole wall, and the pumping pipeline 507 cooperating with the tunneling bit 506 operates synchronously to timely treat the excess water.

[0047] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil layer detection drilling device, characterized in that: include; In the working state, the drilling frame (100) is set up in a direction parallel to the gravity direction; The conveying mechanism (200) comprises a lower conveying assembly (222) coaxially arranged on the drilling frame (100) and located at the end of the drilling frame (100), a conveying cylinder (203) slidably arranged on the surface of the lower conveying assembly (222), lower conveying pipes (204) uniformly distributed on the surface of the conveying cylinder (203) with the lower conveying assembly (222) as the center of the circle and used for feeding water into the hole wall, and a connecting assembly (208) arranged inside the conveying cylinder (203), wherein the connecting assembly (208) divides the conveying cylinder (203) into an upper chamber (A) and a lower chamber (B); The nuclear loading mechanism (300) comprises a loading cylinder (301) coaxially arranged inside the transport cylinder (203), a sealed disk (303) arranged inside the loading cylinder (301), a water collecting chamber (C) formed between the sealed disk (303) and the loading cylinder (301), and a limiting disk (305) arranged on the loading cylinder (301) and located outside the water collecting chamber (C); The variable mechanism (500) is located inside the sealed disc (303) and is coaxially arranged to be close to or open to the sealed disc (303) for drilling and delivering water in the soil layer; A plurality of groups of sampling mechanisms (400) arranged vertically are arranged inside the transport cylinder (203) and are used for horizontally sampling the soil layer inside the hole wall drilled by the variable mechanism (500).

2. The soil layer detection drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first driving motor (2221) is provided at the end of the downward delivery component (222), a conveying rod body (2222) is provided at the inner top of the downward delivery component (222), the end of the conveying rod body (2222) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first driving motor (2221), and the conveying cylinder (203) is threadedly connected to the conveying rod body (2222).

3. The soil layer detection drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the transport cylinder (203) is fixedly connected to a second drive motor (2011); a water-passing hole (212) is provided on a side of the inner bottom wall of the transport cylinder (203) close to the second drive motor (2011); the water-passing holes (212) are evenly distributed on the transport cylinder (203) with the central axis of the transport cylinder (203) as the center of the circle; and a sampling hole cooperating with the sampling mechanism (400) is provided on the inner wall of the lower chamber of the transport cylinder (203) along the drilling direction.

4. The soil layer detection drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water conduit (2081) is provided on the surface of the connection component (208), the water conduit (2081) is provided on the transport cylinder (203), the suction end of the water conduit (2081) is lower than the sampling hole, and a first cylinder (2082) is provided on the surface of the connection component (208) close to one side of the water conduit (2081) and perpendicular to the sampling hole, and a pressure block (2083) is fixedly connected to the end of the first cylinder (2082).

5. The soil layer detection drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The loading cylinder (301) is arranged at the output end of the second driving motor (2011), a mud pump (302) is arranged inside the water collecting chamber (C), a second cylinder (304) is arranged on the loading cylinder (301), the output end of the second cylinder (304) is movable outside the water collecting chamber (C) and is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (306), two groups of limiting grooves are relatively opened on the surface of the limiting disk (305), and limiting holes corresponding to the limiting grooves are opened on the surface of the loading cylinder (301).

6. The soil layer detection drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The changing mechanism (500) comprises a telescopic cylinder (501) arranged inside the sealed disk (303), and a directional block (502) corresponding to the number of slide slots provided in the loading cylinder (301) is arranged on the surface of the telescopic cylinder (501), and the surface of each directional block (502) is rotatably connected to two groups of connecting rods (503), and the interior of the connecting rod (503) is rotatably connected to a slider (504), and the surface of the slider (504) is fixedly connected to a long rod (501). 05), the end of the long rod (505) is fixedly connected to a tunneling drill bit (506), a pumping pipe (507) is arranged on both sides of the surface of the slider (504) close to the directional block (502), the end of the pumping pipe (507) is close to the conical part of the tunneling drill bit (506), and the other end of the pumping pipe (507) is connected to a mud pump (302), and two groups of rolling rod bodies (508) sliding on the slide groove of the limiting disc (305) are arranged inside the slider (504).

7. The soil layer detection drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic cylinder (501) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (306) on the side close to the rolling rod (508), and the maximum running stroke is close to the surface of the limiting disk (305). The long rod (505) slides inside the limiting hole on the surface of the loading cylinder (301).

8. The soil layer detection drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sampling mechanism (400) comprises a sampling cylinder (401) which is arranged on the transport cylinder (203) and inside the sampling hole, the end of the sampling cylinder (401) is fixedly connected to a pressure block (402) which cooperates with the pressure block (2083), the sliding sleeve of the sampling cylinder (401) is provided with a spring (403), one end of the spring (403) is arranged on the pressure block (402), and the other end of the spring (403) is arranged on the transport cylinder (203).

9. The soil layer detection drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface of the drilling frame (100) is provided with an elevated block (102) for preventing the excavation drill bit (506) from touching the ground in a non-drilling state.

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