Ultra-long working face mining method

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for mining ultra-long working faces, comprising the following steps: S1: A first coal mining machine moves to a first end, and simultaneously uses a self-opening notch cutter to form a second notch in the middle of the ultra-long working face; a second coal mining machine enters the second notch. S2: The first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first end toward the second notch, and the second coal mining machine cuts coal from the second notch toward the second end. S3: A first notch is formed in the middle of the ultra-long working face using a self-opening notch cutter; the first coal mining machine cuts through the coal wall and enters the first notch; the second coal mining machine cuts through the coal wall and moves to the second end. S4: The first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first notch toward the first end, and the second coal mining machine cuts coal from the second end toward the first notch. S5: Steps S1 to S4 are repeated to achieve mining of the ultra-long working face. In this embodiment of the invention, the coal mining machine can enter the coal wall and cut coal normally in the middle of the ultra-long working face without using a slanted cutting method, thereby increasing the advancement speed of the ultra-long working face.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of coal mining methods, specifically to a method for mining ultra-long working faces. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining, for the mining of ultra-long working faces, two coal mining machines are usually set up: a left coal mining machine and a right coal mining machine. The left coal mining machine enters the coal face from the left end of the ultra-long working face and then moves towards the middle of the ultra-long working face to cut coal normally. After reaching the middle of the ultra-long working face, the left coal mining machine enters the coal face using an oblique cutting method and then moves towards the left end of the ultra-long working face to continue cutting coal. The right coal mining machine enters the coal face from the right end of the ultra-long working face and then moves towards the middle of the ultra-long working face to cut coal normally, cutting through the triangular coal left by the left coal mining machine. After cutting through the triangular coal, the right coal mining machine enters the coal face using an oblique cutting method and then moves towards the right end of the ultra-long working face to continue cutting coal. In this way, the two coal mining machines cut coal alternately, resulting in high mining efficiency.

[0003] In the above-mentioned mining method for ultra-long working faces, the left and right coal mining machines need to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall in the middle of the ultra-long working face before they can cut coal normally. Because the oblique cutting process is complex and time-consuming, the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is slow, which in turn affects the advancement speed of the ultra-long working face. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a method for mining ultra-long working faces, in which the first and second coal mining machines can enter the coal wall for normal coal cutting operations in the middle of the ultra-long working face without using oblique cutting. The coal mining process is simpler and the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machines is faster, thereby improving the advancement speed of the ultra-long working face.

[0006] The ultra-long working face mining method of this invention includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: The first coal mining machine moves to the first end and simultaneously uses a self-opening gap cutter to cut coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face to form a second gap, and the second coal mining machine enters the second gap;

[0008] S2: The first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first end to the second notch using a slanted cutting method, while the second coal mining machine cuts coal from the second notch to the second end.

[0009] S3: The self-opening notch machine is used to cut coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face to form a first notch. After the first coal mining machine cuts through the coal wall, it enters the first notch. After the second coal mining machine cuts through the coal wall, it moves to the second end.

[0010] S4: The first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first gap to the first end, while the second coal mining machine cuts coal from the second end to the first gap using a slanted cutting method;

[0011] S5: Repeat steps S1 to S4 to carry out mining operations on the ultra-long working face.

[0012] In some embodiments, the depth of the first notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first end to the second notch using a slanted cutting method, including the following steps:

[0014] The first coal mining machine makes an oblique cutting advance from the first end toward the second gap to form oblique cutting sections and straight sections arranged sequentially from the first end to the second gap on the extra-long working face;

[0015] The first coal mining machine moves from the straight section to the inclined section to cut through the coal wall;

[0016] The first coal mining machine operates without cutting from the inclined section to the straight section, and cuts coal from the straight section to the second gap.

[0017] In some embodiments, the time point at which the first coal mining machine moves to the first end is the same as the time point at which the second coal mining machine enters the second gap, and the time point at which the first coal mining machine enters the first gap is the same as the time point at which the second coal mining machine moves to the second end.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second notch is closer to the first end relative to the second end, and the first notch is closer to the second end relative to the first end.

[0019] In some embodiments, the length of the first notch and the length of the second notch are equal; the length of the first notch and the positioning length of the self-opening notch machine satisfy the following formula.

[0020]

[0021] in, The positioning length of the self-notching machine. The length of the first gap, The coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine. The cutting speed of the coal cutting machine's oblique cutting tool. The speed at which the cutting edge of the coal mining machine operates without load is denoted as 'Speed'.

[0022] In some embodiments, at least one of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine, and the self-opening notch machine is equipped with a rangefinder, which is used to monitor the distance between the self-opening notch machine and the first coal mining machine; and / or the rangefinder is used to monitor the distance between the self-opening notch machine and the second coal mining machine.

[0023] In some embodiments, the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is: When the first coal mining machine enters the first gap, the distance between the first coal mining machine and the self-opening gap machine is d1, where d1 ≥ ×1min; and / or

[0024] When the second coal mining machine enters the second gap, the distance between the second coal mining machine and the self-opening gap machine is d2, where d2 ≥ ×1min.

[0025] In some embodiments, the extra-long working face is provided with a scraper conveyor for guiding the movement of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine and the self-opening notch machine;

[0026] Step S2 further includes the following steps:

[0027] The area after the first coal mining machine cuts coal is the first cut coal area. The scraper conveyor corresponding to the first cut coal area is pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face. The area after the second coal mining machine cuts coal is the second cut coal area. The scraper conveyor corresponding to the second cut coal area is pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face.

[0028] Step S4 further includes the following steps:

[0029] The area after the first coal mining machine cuts coal is the third cut coal zone. The scraper conveyor corresponding to the third cut coal zone is pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face. The area after the second coal mining machine cuts coal is the fourth cut coal zone. The scraper conveyor corresponding to the fourth cut coal zone is pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face.

[0030] In some embodiments, the self-cutting notch cutter includes a frame, a second cutting device, and two first cutting devices; the frame has a traveling section for connecting a scraper conveyor; the two first cutting devices are symmetrically arranged along the traveling direction of the frame, each first cutting device including a plurality of drill bit groups arranged sequentially along the traveling direction of the frame, the drill bit groups being rotatably connected to the frame to form a circular cutting area, the rotation axis of the drill bit groups relative to the frame being consistent with the traveling direction of the frame; the second cutting device is disposed between the two first cutting devices, the diameter of the cutting area formed by the plurality of drill bit groups decreasing sequentially in the direction away from the second cutting device, the second cutting device including a swing arm and a cutting roller, the swing arm being oscillatingly connected to the frame, the cutting roller being rotatably connected to the swing arm, the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame being perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit groups relative to the frame, and the rotation axis of the cutting roller relative to the swing arm being parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame.

[0031] In the ultra-long working face mining method of this invention, during the alternating mining process of the first and second coal mining machines, a self-opening gap machine is used to pre-form a first gap and a second gap in the middle of the ultra-long working face. When the first coal mining machine runs to the middle of the ultra-long working face, it can directly enter the first gap and then start normal coal cutting operations. When the second coal mining machine runs to the middle of the ultra-long working face, it can directly enter the second gap and then start normal coal cutting operations.

[0032] Compared with the mining methods in related technologies where the coal mining machine needs to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall in the middle of the ultra-long working face, the ultra-long working face mining method of the present invention allows the first and second coal mining machines to enter the coal wall for normal coal cutting operations in the middle of the ultra-long working face without using an oblique cutting method. The coal mining process is simpler and the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is faster, thereby improving the advancement speed of the ultra-long working face. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 .

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 .

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 .

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 .

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 .

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the state of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 .

[0042] Figure 10 This is a dimensioned diagram of a dual-mining machine mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the notch machine in a dual coal mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the gap machine from another angle in a dual coal mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit assembly of the notch machine in a dual coal mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 14 This is an embodiment of the dual coal mining method of the present invention, where the drill bit edge of the notch machine is... Figure 13 A schematic diagram of direction A in the middle.

[0047] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the notch machine in a dual coal mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 10. Extra-long working face; 11. First end; 12. Second end; 13. First gap; 14. Second gap; 15. Split face;

[0050] 21. First coal mining machine; 22. Second coal mining machine;

[0051] 30. Self-opening notch cutter; 31. Frame; 32. First cutting device; 321. Drill bit assembly; 3211. Rotating seat; 3212. Drill bit; 3212-1. Gear seat; 3212-2. First cutting tooth; 33. Second cutting device; 331. Swing arm; 332. Cutting drum; 3321. Drum body; 3322. Second cutting tooth; 333. Jack; 34. Drive shaft; 35. Transmission assembly; 351. Driving bevel gear; 352. Driven bevel gear; 3521. Rotating shaft;

[0052] 40. Scraper conveyor. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0054] It is known that the length of the ultra-long working face 10 is greater than 400m. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the extra-long working face 10 has a first end 11 and a second end 12. Roadways are provided at both ends along the length of the extra-long working face 10, with the first end 11 and the second end 12 arranged close to the roadways at both ends of the extra-long working face 10. The extra-long working face 10 is equipped with two coal mining machines, namely a first coal mining machine 21 and a second coal mining machine 22, both of which operate along the length of the extra-long working face 10.

[0055] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the mining method for the ultra-long working face 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: The first coal mining machine 21 moves to the first end 11, and at the same time uses the self-opening gap machine 30 to cut coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face 10 to form a second gap 14. The second coal mining machine 22 enters the second gap 14.

[0057] S2: The first coal mining machine 21 cuts coal from the first end 11 to the second gap 14 using a slanted cutting method, while the second coal mining machine 22 cuts coal from the second gap 14 to the second end 12.

[0058] S3: The self-opening gap machine 30 cuts coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face 10 to form the first gap 13. The first coal mining machine 21 cuts through the coal wall and enters the first gap 13. The second coal mining machine 22 cuts through the coal wall and moves to the second end 12.

[0059] S4: The first coal mining machine 21 cuts coal from the first gap 13 to the first end 11, while the second coal mining machine 22 cuts coal from the second end 12 to the first gap 13 by using a slanted cutting method;

[0060] S5: Repeat steps S1 to S4 to carry out mining operations on the ultra-long working face 10.

[0061] In the mining method of the ultra-long working face 10 of this invention, during the alternating mining process of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22, a first gap 13 and a second gap 14 are pre-formed in the middle of the ultra-long working face 10 using a self-opening gap machine 30. When the first coal mining machine 21 runs to the middle of the ultra-long working face 10, it can directly enter the first gap 13 and then start normal coal cutting operations. When the second coal mining machine 22 runs to the middle of the ultra-long working face 10, it can directly enter the second gap 14 and then start normal coal cutting operations.

[0062] Compared with the mining methods in related technologies where the coal mining machine needs to use an oblique cutting method to enter the coal wall in the middle of the ultra-long working face 10, the mining method of the ultra-long working face 10 in this embodiment of the invention allows the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 to enter the coal wall for normal coal cutting operations in the middle of the ultra-long working face 10 without using an oblique cutting method. The coal mining process is simpler and the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is faster, thereby improving the advancement speed of the ultra-long working face 10.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the self-opening gap machine 30 moves from the second end 12 to the middle of the extra-long working face 10 to cut coal, so as to form the second gap 14. Then the second coal mining machine 22 moves from the second end 12 to the second gap 14 and enters the second gap 14 to take position.

[0064] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the second coal mining machine 22 cuts coal from the second gap 14 to the second end 12, and enters the second end 12 after cutting through the coal wall; at the same time, the self-opening gap machine 30 moves with the second coal mining machine 22 to the second end 12 and forms the first gap 13 in the middle of the working face. After that, the first coal mining machine 21 cuts through the coal wall and enters the first gap 13 to take its position.

[0065] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the first coal mining machine 21 cuts coal from the first gap 13 to the first end 11, and enters the first end 11 after cutting through the coal wall; at the same time, the self-opening gap machine 30 moves with the first coal mining machine 21 to the first end 11, and forms a second gap 14 again in the middle of the working face. After the second coal mining machine 22 cuts through the coal wall, it enters the second gap 14 again and takes its position, thus realizing one coal cutting cycle.

[0066] Optionally, the self-opening notch machine 30 stops moving after completing the opening of the first notch 13 or the second notch 14.

[0067] In some embodiments, the depth of the first notch 13 is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine 21, and the depth of the second notch 14 is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 22.

[0068] The depths of the first notch 13 and the second notch 14 are their dimensions in the advancing direction of the ultra-long working face 10.

[0069] It is known that the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 are the same model of coal mining machine, that is, the dimensions, cutting depth and other parameters of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 are the same.

[0070] With the above settings, the depth of the first gap 13 is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine 21. Therefore, after the first coal mining machine 21 enters the first gap 13 and is in place, the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut is equal to its cutting depth. When the first coal mining machine 21 enters normal coal cutting work, it can cut through the coal wall.

[0071] Similarly, the depth of the second gap 14 is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine 22. Therefore, after the second coal mining machine 22 enters the second gap 14 and is in place, the thickness of the coal wall that needs to be cut is equal to its cutting depth. When the second coal mining machine 22 enters normal coal cutting work, it can cut through the coal wall.

[0072] Therefore, the thickness of the coal wall to be cut by the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 is matched with their cutting capacity, which can prevent phenomena such as large cutting resistance and overload operation of the coal mining machine. While ensuring the normal operation of the coal mining machine, the cutting efficiency of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 can be maximized, thereby increasing the advancement speed of the ultra-long working face 10.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first coal mining machine 21 cuts coal from the first end 11 to the second notch 14 using an oblique cutting method, including the following steps:

[0074] The first coal mining machine 21 cuts obliquely from the first end 11 toward the second gap 14 to form oblique sections and straight sections arranged sequentially from the first end 11 to the second gap 14 in the ultra-long working face 10.

[0075] The first coal mining machine 21 moves from the straight section to the inclined section to cut through the coal wall;

[0076] The first coal mining machine 21 operates without cutting from the inclined section to the straight section, and then cuts coal from the straight section to the second gap 14.

[0077] With the above settings, the oblique cutting method includes three steps: oblique cutting, reverse cutting through the coal wall, and empty cutting. The first coal mining machine 21 can enter the coal wall from the first end 11 through this oblique cutting method, and then start the normal coal cutting work of the ultra-long working face 10.

[0078] Optionally, in step S4, the second coal mining machine 22 cuts coal from the second end 12 to the first gap 13 using the above-mentioned oblique cutting method. In other words, when the second coal mining machine 22 cuts coal from the second end 12 to the first gap 13, it also needs to go through three steps: oblique cutting, reverse cutting through the coal wall, and empty cutting.

[0079] In some embodiments, the time when the first coal mining machine 21 moves to the first end 11 is the same as the time when the second coal mining machine 22 enters the second gap 14, and the time when the first coal mining machine 21 enters the first gap 13 is the same as the time when the second coal mining machine 22 moves to the second end 12.

[0080] With the above settings, the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 operate for the same amount of time during their alternating operation, that is, the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 always maintain an operating state, thereby maximizing the mining speed.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the second notch 14 is closer to the first end 11 than the second end 12, and the first notch 13 is closer to the second end 12 than the first end 11.

[0082] Since the oblique cutting method includes three steps—oblique cutting, reverse cutting through the coal wall, and empty cutting—the first coal mining machine 21 enters the coal wall from the first end 11 at a slower speed and takes a longer time in steps S1 and S2. However, the second coal mining machine 22 can directly enter the coal wall to cut coal through the second gap 14, and its operating speed is relatively faster. This makes it difficult for the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 to achieve coordinated operation.

[0083] With the above settings, as Figure 3 As shown, in steps S1 and S2, after the second coal mining machine 22 enters the second gap 14 and is in place, the first coal mining machine 21 cuts obliquely from the first end 11. The cutting length of the second coal mining machine 22 is the distance from the second gap 14 to the second end 12, and the cutting length of the first coal mining machine 21 is the distance from the first end 11 to the second gap 14. The cutting length of the second coal mining machine 22 is greater than that of the first coal mining machine 21. Therefore, the running time of the second coal mining machine 22 can be the same as that of the first coal mining machine 21, thereby enabling the coordinated operation of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22.

[0084] Similarly, such as Figure 6As shown, in steps S3 and S4, the first coal mining machine 21 enters the first gap 13 and takes position, while the second coal mining machine 22 cuts in obliquely from the second end 12. The cutting length of the first coal mining machine 21 is the distance from the first gap 13 to the first end 11, and the cutting length of the second coal mining machine 22 is the distance from the second end 12 to the second gap 14. The cutting length of the first coal mining machine 21 is greater than that of the second coal mining machine 22. Therefore, the operating time of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 can be the same, thereby enabling the coordinated operation of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22.

[0085] In some embodiments, the length of the first notch 13 and the length of the second notch 14 are equal, and the length of the first notch 13 and the positioning length of the self-opening notch machine 30 satisfy the following formula.

[0086]

[0087] like Figure 10 As shown, where, The positioning length of the self-notching machine 30. The length of the first gap 13, This refers to the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine. This refers to the speed at which the coal mining machine's oblique cutting blades cut the coal. This refers to the speed at which the cutting tool of the coal mining machine operates without load.

[0088] Therefore, based on the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine The speed of the coal cutting machine's oblique cutting tool and the speed of the empty cutter of the coal mining machine The positioning length of the self-opening notch machine 30 can be adjusted. The length of the first gap 13 (or the second gap 14) Adjustments were made to make the operating time of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 the same, thereby improving the mining efficiency of the ultra-long working face 10.

[0089] Specifically, since the operating time of the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 needs to be the same, the positioning length of the self-opening notch machine 30 is... The length of the first gap 13 (or the second gap 14) The following formula needs to be satisfied.

[0090]

[0091] in, The total length of the extra-long working face 10 The positioning length of the self-notching machine 30. The lengths of the first notch 13 and the second notch 14, This refers to the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine. This refers to the speed at which the coal mining machine's oblique cutting blades cut the coal. The speed at which the cutting edge of the coal mining machine operates without load is given by transforming the above formula.

[0092]

[0093] Specifically, such as Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the extra-long working surface 10 has a dividing surface 15, which is arranged between the first end 11 and the second end 12, and divides the extra-long working surface 10 equally along its length.

[0094] like Figure 6 As shown, the first gap 13 is located on the side of the dividing surface 15 near the second end 12. After the first coal mining machine 21 is in place, one edge of the first gap 13 is aligned with the dividing surface 15, and the other edge is aligned with the side of the first coal mining machine 21 near the self-opening gap machine 30.

[0095] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the second gap 14 is located on the side of the dividing surface 15 near the first end 11. After the second coal mining machine 22 is in place, one edge of the second gap 14 is aligned with the dividing surface 15, and the other edge is aligned with the side of the second coal mining machine 22 near the self-opening gap machine 30.

[0096] like Figure 10 As shown, when the first coal mining machine 21 enters the coal wall from the first end 11 using an oblique cutting method, the length of its oblique cutting and the length of the second notch 14 are... equal.

[0097] like Figure 6 As shown, when the second coal mining machine 22 enters the coal wall from the second end 12 using an oblique cutting method, the length of its oblique cutting is equal to the length of the first notch 13. equal.

[0098] In some embodiments, at least one of the first coal mining machine 21, the second coal mining machine 22, and the self-opening notch machine 30 is equipped with a rangefinder to monitor the distance between the self-opening notch machine 30 and the first coal mining machine 21; and / or to monitor the distance between the self-opening notch machine 30 and the second coal mining machine 22.

[0099] By setting up a rangefinder, the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 are always kept at a safe distance from the self-opening gap machine 30, preventing the first coal mining machine 21 or the second coal mining machine 22 from colliding with the self-opening gap machine 30, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the first coal mining machine 21, the second coal mining machine 22 and the self-opening gap machine 30.

[0100] Optionally, the rangefinder is an ultrasonic rangefinder.

[0101] Optionally, a rangefinder is provided on the first coal mining machine 21, the second coal mining machine 22, and the self-opening notch machine 30.

[0102] In some embodiments, the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is: When the first coal mining machine 21 enters the first gap 13, the distance between the first coal mining machine 21 and the self-opening gap machine 30 is d1, where d1 ≥ ×1min; and / or when the second coal mining machine 22 enters the second gap 14, the distance between the second coal mining machine 22 and the self-opening gap machine 30 is d2, d2≥ ×1min.

[0103] When the first coal mining machine 21 is in place at the first gap 13, the self-opening gap machine 30 stops moving. At this time, the distance between the first coal mining machine 21 and the self-opening gap machine 30 is the smallest. If the first coal mining machine 21 collides with the self-opening gap machine 30, it will take at least 1 minute to move. This can prevent the first coal mining machine 21 from colliding with the self-opening gap machine 30 and ensure the safe operation of the first coal mining machine 21 and the self-opening gap machine 30.

[0104] Similarly, when the second coal mining machine 22 is in place at the second gap 14, the self-opening gap machine 30 also stops moving. The distance between the second coal mining machine 22 and the self-opening gap machine 30 is the smallest. If the second coal mining machine 22 collides with the self-opening gap machine 30, it will need to move for at least 1 minute, which can prevent the second coal mining machine 22 from colliding with the self-opening gap machine 30 and ensure the safe operation of the second coal mining machine 22 and the self-opening gap machine 30.

[0105] Optionally, the coal cutting speed of the first coal mining machine 21 is 5m / min to 7m / min, and d1 is 5m to 7m.

[0106] Optionally, the coal cutting speed of the second coal mining machine 22 is 5m / min to 7m / min, and d2 is 5m to 7m.

[0107] In some embodiments, the extra-long working face 10 is provided with a scraper conveyor 40 for guiding the movement of the first coal mining machine 21, the second coal mining machine 22 and the self-opening gap machine 30;

[0108] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, step S2 further includes the following steps:

[0109] The area after the first coal mining machine 21 cuts coal is the first cut coal area. The scraper conveyor 40 and the part corresponding to the first cut coal area are pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face 10. The area after the second coal mining machine 22 cuts coal is the second cut coal area. The scraper conveyor 40 and the part corresponding to the second cut coal area are pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face 10.

[0110] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, step S4 further includes the following steps:

[0111] The area after the first coal mining machine 21 cuts coal is the third cut coal zone. The scraper conveyor 40 and the part corresponding to the third cut coal zone are pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face 10. The area after the second coal mining machine 22 cuts coal is the fourth cut coal zone. The scraper conveyor 40 and the part corresponding to the fourth cut coal zone are pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face 10.

[0112] By controlling the scraper conveyor 40 to push the conveyor, the operating trajectories of the first coal mining machine 21, the second coal mining machine 22, and the self-opening gap machine 30 can be controlled. In step S2, the self-opening gap machine 30 moves with the second coal mining machine 22 to form a first gap 13 at the corresponding position in the middle of the extra-long working face 10, and the first coal mining machine 21 moves along the scraper conveyor 40 to enter the first gap 13 and take its position. In step S4, the self-opening gap machine 30 moves with the first coal mining machine 21 to form a second gap 14 at the corresponding position in the middle of the extra-long working face 10, and the second coal mining machine 22 moves along the scraper conveyor 40 to enter the second gap 14 and take its position.

[0113] like Figure 3 As shown, after the second coal mining machine 22 is in place at the second gap 14, the scraper conveyor 40 located between the second coal mining machine 22 and the second end 12 is pushed to a straight position. After that, the second coal mining machine 22 can move towards the second end 12 to cut coal normally.

[0114] like Figure 6 As shown, after the first coal mining machine 21 is in place at the first gap 13, the scraper conveyor 40 located between the first coal mining machine 21 and the first end 11 is pushed to a straight position. After that, the first coal mining machine 21 can move towards the first end 11 to cut coal normally.

[0115] In some embodiments, the self-cutting notch cutter 30 includes a frame 31, a second cutting device 33, and two first cutting devices 32; the frame 31 has a traveling section for connecting to the scraper conveyor 40; the two first cutting devices 32 are symmetrically arranged along the traveling direction of the frame 31, and each first cutting device 32 includes a plurality of drill bit assemblies 321 arranged sequentially along the traveling direction of the frame 31. The drill bit assemblies 321 are rotatably connected to the frame 31 to form a circular cutting area, and the rotation axis of the drill bit assemblies 321 relative to the frame 31 is consistent with the traveling direction of the frame 31; the second cutting device 33... 3. Located between two first cutting devices 32, the diameter of the cutting area formed by multiple drill bit sets 321 decreases sequentially in the direction away from the second cutting device 33. The second cutting device 33 includes a swing arm 331 and a cutting drum 332. The swing arm 331 is oscillatingly connected to the frame 31, and the cutting drum 332 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 331. The swing axis of the swing arm 331 relative to the frame 31 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit set 321 relative to the frame 31, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum 332 relative to the swing arm 331 is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm 331 relative to the frame 31.

[0116] The self-opening notch cutter 30 is connected to the scraper conveyor 40 via the traveling part of the frame 31, allowing it to travel along the length of the extra-long working face 10 to cut coal and form a notch. During the coal cutting process, the multiple drill bit sets 321 of the first cutting device 32 located in front of the second cutting device 33 rotate to form multiple cutting zones on the coal wall. These cutting zones are arranged in a conical shape from front to back, which can reduce cutting resistance. The notch formed by the drill bit sets 321 located in front is relatively small. As the self-opening notch cutter 30 moves forward, the notch formed by the multiple drill bit sets 321 on the coal wall gradually enlarges. At the same time, the cutting drum 332 of the second cutting device 33 rotates to continue cutting the coal wall and cuts through the coal wall under the swing of the swing arm 331, thereby enlarging the notch size so that the coal mining machine can enter.

[0117] Therefore, in steps S1 to S5 of the mining method for the ultra-long working face 10, the first coal mining machine 21 and the second coal mining machine 22 mine coal alternately. The self-opening gap machine 30 can form the first gap 13 and the second gap 14 in advance in the middle of the ultra-long working face 10. When the first coal mining machine 21 runs to the middle of the ultra-long working face 10, it can directly enter the first gap 13 and then start normal coal cutting operation. When the second coal mining machine 22 runs to the middle of the ultra-long working face 10, it can directly enter the second gap 14 and then start normal coal cutting operation. It can enter the coal wall for normal coal cutting operation without using the oblique cutting method. The mining process is simpler and the coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is faster, thereby improving the advancement speed of the ultra-long working face 10.

[0118] Optionally, the connection structure between the frame 31 of the self-opening notch machine 30 and the scraper conveyor 40 is the same as the connection structure between the coal mining machine and the scraper conveyor 40.

[0119] As an example, such as Figures 11 to 13 As shown, the first cutting device 32 includes four drill bit sets 321, which are arranged in a conical shape along the direction away from the second cutting device 33. Each drill bit set 321 includes a rotating base 3211 and six drill bits 3212. The rotating base 3211 is cylindrical, and the six drill bits 3212 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the rotating base 3211. The drill bits 3212 can rotate around their own axis so that they can drill into the coal wall. At the same time, the rotating base 3211 can rotate relative to the frame 31, thereby driving the six drill bits 3212 to rotate around the traveling direction of the notch cutter, thus realizing the coal cutting action.

[0120] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the drill bit 3212 includes a tooth base 3212-1 and a plurality of first cutting teeth 3212-2. The tooth base 3212-1 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 3211 around its own axis. The tooth base 3212-1 extends outward along the radial direction of the rotating seat 3211. A portion of the tooth base 3212-1 away from the rotating seat 3211 is conical and its cross-section gradually decreases from the inside to the outside. The plurality of first cutting teeth 3212-2 are arranged in a spiral shape along the extension direction of the tooth base 3212-1. Thus, the drill bit 3212 can cut the coal wall by rotating around its own axis, and the cutting efficiency is high.

[0121] like Figure 12 and Figure 15 As shown, the self-notching machine 30 also includes a drive shaft 34 and multiple drive components 35. The drive shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the frame 31. Multiple rotating seats 3211 are all mounted on the drive shaft 34 and rotate synchronously with it. The drive components 35 correspond one-to-one with the rotating seats 3211. The rotating seats 3211 and the drill bit 3212 are connected by transmission through the drive components 35. The drive components 35 include a driving bevel gear 351 and multiple driven bevel gears 352 meshing with the driving bevel gear 351. The driving bevel gear 351 is mounted on the drive shaft 34 and rotates synchronously with it, so as to drive the multiple driving bevel gears 351 to rotate synchronously through the drive shaft 34. The driven bevel gears 352 correspond one-to-one with the drill bit 3212 and are connected. The driven bevel gears 352 are rotatably connected to the rotating seats 3211 through the rotating shaft 3521 to improve the stability of the driven bevel gears 352 relative to the rotating seats 3211.

[0122] Thus, the drive shaft 34 drives the rotating base 3211 to rotate, enabling multiple drill bits 3212 to rotate around the traveling direction of the self-drilling notch machine 30. At the same time, the drive shaft 34 drives the driving bevel gear 351 to rotate. Through the meshing of the driving bevel gear 351 and the driven bevel gear 352, multiple driven bevel gears 352 are driven to rotate, enabling multiple drill bits 3212 connected to the same rotating base 3211 to rotate around their own axes. Thus, the rotation of the drill bits 3212 in two directions can be achieved with only one power system, saving more installation space.

[0123] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the second cutting device 33 includes a swing arm 331 and a cutting drum 332. The cutting drum 332 includes a drum body 3321 and a plurality of second cutting teeth 3322. The drum body 3321 is cylindrical and rotatably connected to the swing arm 331. The plurality of second cutting teeth 3322 are arranged in a spiral along the axial direction of the drum body 3321. During the coal cutting process of the self-cutting machine 30, the cutting drum 332 rotates and cuts the coal wall through the plurality of second cutting teeth 3322.

[0124] The swing arm 331 is rotatably connected to the frame 31 via a swing shaft. The frame 31 is equipped with a jack 333, the cylinder of which is hinged to the frame 31. The telescopic rod of the jack 333 is hinged to one end of the swing arm 331, and the other end of the swing arm 331 is connected to the cutting drum 332. The connection positions of the telescopic rod of the jack 333 on the swing arm 331 and the connection positions of the cutting drum 332 on the swing arm 331 are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing shaft. Thus, the swing arm 331 can be controlled to swing by extending and retracting the jack 333, thereby controlling the cutting drum 332 to swing in the vertical direction to cut through the coal wall.

[0125] There are two jacks 333, namely the first jack and the second jack. The first jack and the second jack are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the swing arm 331 along the traveling direction of the notch machine.

[0126] The first jack can drive the swing arm 331 to swing 90 degrees to one side from the vertical direction, and the second jack can drive the swing arm 331 to swing 90 degrees to the other side from the vertical direction. That is, the swing angle of the swing arm 331 is 180 degrees, which can improve the cutting efficiency of the second cutting device 33.

[0127] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mining ultra-long working faces, characterized in that, The extra-long working face has a first end and a second end, and the extra-long working face is equipped with multiple coal mining machines, at least one of which is a first coal mining machine, and at least one of which is a second coal mining machine. The mining method includes the following steps: S1: The first coal mining machine moves to the first end and simultaneously uses a self-opening gap cutter to cut coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face to form a second gap, and the second coal mining machine enters the second gap; S2: The first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first end to the second notch using a slanted cutting method, while the second coal mining machine cuts coal from the second notch to the second end. S3: The self-opening notch machine is used to cut coal in the middle of the ultra-long working face to form a first notch. After the first coal mining machine cuts through the coal wall, it enters the first notch. After the second coal mining machine cuts through the coal wall, it moves to the second end. S4: The first coal mining machine cuts coal from the first gap to the first end, while the second coal mining machine cuts coal from the second end to the first gap using a slanted cutting method; S5: Repeat steps S1 to S4 to carry out mining operations on the ultra-long working face.

2. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the first notch is equal to the cutting depth of the first coal mining machine, and the depth of the second notch is equal to the cutting depth of the second coal mining machine.

3. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first coal mining machine uses a slanted cutting method to cut coal from the first end to the second notch, including the following steps: The first coal mining machine makes an oblique cutting advance from the first end toward the second gap to form oblique cutting sections and straight sections arranged sequentially from the first end to the second gap on the extra-long working face; The first coal mining machine moves from the straight section to the inclined section to cut through the coal wall; The first coal mining machine operates without cutting from the inclined section to the straight section, and cuts coal from the straight section to the second gap.

4. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The time when the first coal mining machine moves to the first end is the same as the time when the second coal mining machine enters the second gap, and the time when the first coal mining machine enters the first gap is the same as the time when the second coal mining machine moves to the second end.

5. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second notch is closer to the first end than the second end, and the first notch is closer to the second end than the first end.

6. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of the first notch is equal to the length of the second notch; The length of the first notch and the positioning length of the self-opening notch machine satisfy the following formula. in, The positioning length of the self-notching machine. The length of the first gap, The coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine. The cutting speed of the coal cutting machine's oblique cutting tool. The speed at which the cutting edge of the coal mining machine operates without load is denoted as 'Speed'.

7. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine, and the self-opening notch machine is equipped with a rangefinder, which is used to monitor the distance between the self-opening notch machine and the first coal mining machine; and / or The distance between the self-opening notch machine and the second coal mining machine is monitored using the rangefinder.

8. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The coal cutting speed of the coal mining machine is When the first coal mining machine enters the first gap, the distance between the first coal mining machine and the self-opening gap machine is d1, where d1 ≥ ×1min; and / or When the second coal mining machine enters the second gap, the distance between the second coal mining machine and the self-opening gap machine is d2, where d2 ≥ ×1min.

9. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extra-long working face is equipped with a scraper conveyor for guiding the movement of the first coal mining machine, the second coal mining machine and the self-opening notch machine; Step S2 further includes the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine cuts coal is the first cut coal area. The scraper conveyor corresponding to the first cut coal area is pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face. The area after the second coal mining machine cuts coal is the second cut coal area. The scraper conveyor corresponding to the second cut coal area is pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face. Step S4 further includes the following steps: The area after the first coal mining machine cuts coal is the third cut coal zone. The scraper conveyor corresponding to the third cut coal zone is pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face. The area after the second coal mining machine cuts coal is the fourth cut coal zone. The scraper conveyor corresponding to the fourth cut coal zone is pushed towards the direction of the extra-long working face.

10. The method for mining ultra-long working faces according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The self-notching machine includes: A frame having a traveling section for connecting a scraper conveyor; Two first cutting devices are symmetrically arranged along the traveling direction of the frame. Each first cutting device includes a plurality of drill bit groups arranged sequentially along the traveling direction of the frame. The drill bit groups are rotatably connected to the frame to form a circular cutting area. The rotation axis of the drill bit groups relative to the frame is consistent with the traveling direction of the frame. A second cutting device is disposed between two first cutting devices. The diameter of the cutting zone formed by the plurality of drill bit sets decreases sequentially in the direction away from the second cutting device. The second cutting device includes a swing arm and a cutting drum. The swing arm is oscillatingly connected to the frame, and the cutting drum is rotatably connected to the swing arm. The swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill bit sets relative to the frame, and the rotation axis of the cutting drum relative to the swing arm is parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm relative to the frame.

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