Blocking method for cutter head gap during normal-pressure bin opening operation of shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The invention provides a blocking method for a cutterhead gap during normal-pressure bin opening operation of a shield tunneling machine. The blocking method comprises the following steps that (1) the cutterhead structure of the shield tunneling machine is analyzed, statistics and measurement are conducted on the positions of existing notches in the cutterhead structure, the sizes of all the notches are divided, and a drawing is drawn; (2) organizing and blanking, and manufacturing a sealing plate corresponding to each notch position and a matched welding nut tool; (3) the matched welding nut tool is welded and installed in a cutter head gap of the shield tunneling machine and used in the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine; 4, when bin opening is conducted at the normal-pressure bin opening point, the manufactured sealing plate is installed at the position of the corresponding existing notch of the shield tunneling machine, and sealing of the gap of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is achieved.By means of the method, the gap of the cutter head structure can be sealed when bin opening operation is conducted under the normal pressure, and safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield machines. Specifically, it relates to a method for sealing the cutter head gap during the normal pressure opening of the shield machine's chamber. Background Art

[0002] During the tunneling process of the shield machine, the main function of the cutter is to cut the mud and slag at the front face into the soil chamber to achieve excavation construction. When the shield machine is in a large number of complex boulder geological conditions, it is usually difficult to advance the construction, and it is necessary to organize the chamber opening operation.

[0003] Generally, the geological pre-reinforcement of concrete piles will be actively carried out at the chamber opening location to meet the conditions of normal pressure chamber opening operation.

[0004] However, the reinforcement effect of plain concrete pile foundations is mainly affected by various factors such as the formed pile diameter, the degree of pile-to-pile interlock, pile position deviation, and the verticality of the formed pile position. Therefore, after the normal pressure chamber opening, it is found that there are frequent occurrences of water leakage, water gushing, sand gushing, local collapse, etc. between the pile foundations in the reinforcement area. In such an environment, there are great safety hazards for personnel to work in the chamber for a long time.

[0005] If the normal pressure chamber opening operation is organized, the superposition of the above multiple unstable factors will exacerbate the risk of the normal pressure chamber opening operation in the chamber.

[0006] To solve the safety problem of normal pressure chamber opening, it is urgent to seek a solution in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and thus provide a method for sealing the cutter head structure gap during the normal pressure chamber opening operation of the shield machine, so as to improve the operation safety.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for sealing the cutter head gap during the normal pressure chamber opening operation of the shield machine, including the following steps: Step 1) Analyze the cutter head structure of the shield machine, count and measure the existing notch positions on the cutter head structure, divide the sizes of all notches, and draw a drawing; Step 2) Organize the cutting of materials, manufacture sealing plates corresponding to each notch position, and matching welding nut toolings; Step 3) Weld and install the matching welding nut toolings into the cutter head gap of the shield machine and use them during the tunneling process of the shield machine; Step 4) When opening the chamber at the normal pressure chamber opening point, install the manufactured sealing plates at the corresponding existing notches of the shield machine to achieve the closure of the cutter head gap of the shield machine.

[0009] Preferably, the material of the sealing plate is Q355B steel plate, with a yield strength of 355 MPa and a tensile strength between 450 - 680 MPa.

[0010] Preferably, the material of the welding nut tooling is the same as that of the cutter head of the shield machine, which is Q345B steel, with a yield strength of 345 MPa and a tensile strength of 470 - 630 MPa.

[0011] Preferably, the supporting bolt is made of 45 steel, with a strength grade of 8.8 and a dacromet treatment on the surface.

[0012] Preferably, in step 1), according to the structure of the cutter head, the sealing plate is divided into three types, including: Type I: The gap between the cutter head spokes and the cutter head panel; Type II: The gap between the cutter head spokes and the cutter head bracket support; Type III: The gap with two openings reserved on the cutter head spokes.

[0013] Preferably, since the gap length corresponding to the Type I sealing plate is relatively long, it is designed as a sealing plate structure composed of upper and lower parts.

[0014] Preferably, since the gap width corresponding to the Type II sealing plate is relatively wide, it is designed as a sealing plate structure composed of left and right parts.

[0015] Preferably, since the Type II sealing plate needs to be transported to the soil chamber through the manhole of the shield machine for installation, the processing size of the Type II sealing plate is set smaller than the structure size of the manhole.

[0016] Preferably, the opening positions of the sealing plate are opened within 40 mm along the edge of the steel plate, and the number of openings on each steel plate is at least 4; for Type I and Type II sealing plates, stabilizing bolts are added at the splicing positions of adjacent steel plates.

[0017] Preferably, the welding nut tooling includes a steel plate strip base and welding nuts, and the manufacturing and installation process is as follows: First, position and weld the welding nuts with the steel plate strip base, and all the fillet welds formed after positioning are fully welded. At the same time, ensure that the installation surface with the steel plate strip base is flat and well-connected. After the overall welding is completed, it is made into a component tooling; subsequently, the tooling is welded at the corresponding position of the cutter head, and the 16 - mm - thick steel plate strip at the bottom is fully welded to the four sides of the cutter head structure.

[0018] The present invention has prominent substantive features and remarkable progress compared with the prior art. Specifically, when normal-pressure opening of the chamber is required, the cutter head sealing plate is positioned and installed in place according to the detailed positions in the layout drawing of the sealing plate partition positions, and after installing the sealing plate to the corresponding positions using connecting bolts and tightening them, the construction can be completed. This solves the construction risks during normal-pressure opening of the chamber of the shield machine and can provide a reliable and effective guarantee for the working environment of the operators inside the soil chamber. It can prevent situations such as water seepage, water gushing, sand gushing, and local collapse outside the cutter head face. The overall sealed area after plugging reaches 98.7%, and ultimately provides a more airtight and safe working environment for the subsequent operation of changing cutters, ensuring the personal safety of the operators.

[0019] Since the sealing plate is detachable, it can be recycled.

[0020] This construction method has simple operation procedures, uses conventional materials and tools, has high operation efficiency, and can ensure the safety of internal personnel during confined space operations. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cutter head plugging area in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a partial installation schematic diagram of the detachable cutter head sealing plate in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the type-a sealing plate in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the type-b sealing plate in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the type-c sealing plate in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the type-d sealing plate in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the seam connection of the type-I sealing plate in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the welding nut tooling in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 It is the geological cross-section diagram of the section between GX02# and GX01# in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 It is the geological cross-section diagram of the section between GX02# and GX03# in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0032] As Figures 1-10 shown, a method for sealing the cutter head gap during the normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine includes the following steps: Step 1) Analyze the cutter head structure of the shield machine, count and measure the existing notch positions on the cutter head structure, divide the dimensions of all notches, and draw drawings.

[0033] Specifically, it can be generally divided into three types of areas, and then the dimensions of all notches are divided. The specific processing dimensions are drawn into drawings on CAD.

[0034] Step 2) Organize material cutting to manufacture sealing plates corresponding to each notch position and matching welding nut tooling.

[0035] Among them, the sealing plates are made by cutting Q355B steel plates. The yield strength of Q355B steel is 355 MPa, and the tensile strength is between 450 - 680 MPa.

[0036] The cutter head structure material of the shield machine is Q345B, and the welding nut tooling also uses this kind of base material, which is convenient for subsequent welding installation and welding quality control. The yield strength of Q345B steel is 345 MPa, and the tensile strength is 470 - 630 MPa.

[0037] The bolt material is 45 steel, the strength grade is 8.8, and the surface is treated with dacromet.

[0038] For the sealing plates, according to the cutter head structure, the sealing plates are divided into three types, including: Type I: The gap between the cutter head spokes and the cutter head panel; Type II: The gap between the cutter head spokes and the cutter head bracket support; Type III: The gap of two openings reserved on the cutter head spokes.

[0039] Since the gap length corresponding to the Type I sealing plate is relatively long, it is designed as a sealing plate structure composed of upper and lower two pieces. It is divided into type a and type b. Among them, there are mainly four types of type a, namely a1, a2, a3, and a4. The specific processing drawings are as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0040] Since the gap width corresponding to the Type II sealing plate is relatively wide, it is designed as a sealing plate structure composed of left and right two pieces.

[0041] Specifically, the Class II sealing plates are mainly composed of two left and right parts, with a total of six pieces. Since the sealing plates need to be transported through the access chamber of the shield machine to the soil chamber for installation, and the structural dimensions of the access chamber are 600X700mm, the processing dimensions of the sealing plates must be smaller than the structural dimensions of the access chamber. Therefore, it is considered that the Class II sealing plates should be made in two left and right parts and then spliced into a whole by positioning bolts in the tunnel for use.

[0042] Since the Class II sealing plates need to be transported through the access chamber of the shield machine to the soil chamber for installation, the processing dimensions of the Class II sealing plates are set to be smaller than the structural dimensions of the access chamber.

[0043] According to the corresponding positions of the steel plates, holes are drilled at a position 40mm away from the edge of the steel plates. The diameter of the holes is Φ28mm, and there are 4 holes on each steel plate. Among them, the Class I sealing plates are mainly composed of a and b pieces. Since the Class I is assembled by a and b pieces, the stress area of the area is relatively large. Therefore, it is necessary to weld connecting bolts between the splicing of a and b pieces to improve the overall structural strength.

[0044] The bottom of the welding nut tooling is welded with a 16mm thick steel plate strip and the welding nut to form a whole. First, the welding nut is positioned and welded with the steel plate. After positioning, all the fillet welds formed are fully welded. At the same time, ensure that the installation surface with the steel plate is flat and well-connected. After the overall welding is completed, it is made into a component tooling. Subsequently, the tooling is placed at the corresponding position of the cutter head, and the 16mm thick steel plate strip at the bottom is fully welded to the four sides of the cutter head structure.

[0045] Step 3) Weld and install the supporting welding nut tooling into the cutter head gap of the shield machine and use it during the tunneling process of the shield machine; During the actual installation process, according to the corresponding positions of the cutter head structure dimension diagram and the cutter head plugging schematic diagram, position the welding nut tooling. After positioning, fully weld the welding nut tooling to the cutter head structure. The internal thread holes on the nut can be plugged with a screw plug later and keep tunneling with the cutter head; when it is necessary to open the chamber, remove the screw plug and install the sealing plate.

[0046] Step 4) When opening the chamber at the normal pressure opening chamber point, install the manufactured sealing plate to the corresponding existing gap of the shield machine to close the cutter head gap of the shield machine.

[0047] Specifically, according to the detailed positions of the sealing plate partition layout diagram, position and install the cutter head sealing plate in place according to the specific cutter box number position. After installing the sealing plate to the corresponding position with the connecting bolts and tightening it, the construction can be completed. After the chamber opening operation is completed, remove and recycle them one by one and manage them uniformly. When there is a chamber opening operation later, the sealing plate can be transported to the soil chamber for installation again to achieve recycling.

[0048] This method has carried out relevant experiments in the first construction section of the subsequent optimization project for the water system connection of the Hanjiang River, Rongjiang River, and Lianjiang River. This section is part of the section from the ancient alley water diversion outlet to the Guanbu water intake of the water conveyance main line. This section is for single-line water conveyance, with a designed water conveyance flow rate of 25 m³ / s in the design year of 2035 and 40 m³ / s in the design year of 2050. There are two shield tunnel sections in this project, and 2 shield machines are used for construction (the China Railway 1357# double-mode shield machine and the China Railway 1320# slurry balance shield machine respectively). The overall length of the shield machine is about 115 m.

[0049] Among them, the GX02# - GX01# section starts from the GX02# working shaft and is received at the GX01# working shaft. The shield tunnel is 1872.584 m long, a single-line tunnel with a diameter of Φ6600 mm, and a total of 1225 rings.

[0050] The GX02# - GX03# section starts from the GX02# working shaft and is received at the GX03# working shaft. The shield tunnel is 1803.347 m long, a single-line tunnel with a diameter of Φ6200 mm, and a total of 1203 rings. Due to the relatively complex geological conditions in the 2 - 3 section, it is judged based on the strata revealed by the current supplementary exploration and the analysis of the tunneling muck samples.

[0051] The geological conditions in the GX02# - GX03# section vary greatly. The tunnel is basically located at the boundary zone of full, strong, and weak weathering. The intrusion of bedrock at the bottom into the tunnel occurs frequently, and there are a certain number of boulders. A large number of large-sized boulders appear during the shield tunneling process, making it difficult to tunnel.

[0052] To meet the need for normal pressure operation at the opening location, strata reinforcement measures were organized at the 304th ring in the GX02# - GX03# section to achieve normal pressure opening operation. To meet the sealing requirement for the internal operation of the cutter head soil chamber, the aforementioned sealing plate was fabricated according to the detailed processing dimensions of the sealing plate, and the cutter head of the shield machine was encapsulated and sealed.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that: The above has made a detailed description of the preferred embodiment of this patent, but this patent is not limited to the above embodiment. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the purpose of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for blocking the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1) Analyze the cutterhead structure of the shield machine, count and measure the existing gap positions on the cutterhead structure, divide the sizes of all gaps, and draw drawings; Step 2) Organize cutting and manufacture sealing plates corresponding to each notch position and matching welding nut tooling; Step 3) Weld and install the matching welding nut tooling into the cutterhead gap of the shield machine, and use it during the tunneling process of the shield machine; Step 4) When opening the chamber at the normal pressure opening point, install the manufactured sealing plate to the corresponding existing gap of the shield machine to close the gap of the shield machine cutter head.

2. The method for blocking the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing plate is made of Q355B steel plate with a yield strength of 355 MPa and a tensile strength between 450-680 MPa.

3. The method for blocking the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the welding nut tooling is the same as that of the shield machine cutter head, which is Q345B steel with a yield strength of 345MPa and a tensile strength of 470-630MPa.

4. The method for blocking the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The matching bolts are made of 45# steel with a strength grade of 8.8 and a surface Dacromet treatment.

5. The method for blocking the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 1), the sealing plate is divided into three types according to the structure of the cutter head, including: Category I: the gap between the blade spokes and the blade panel; Category II: the gap between the cutterhead spokes and the cutterhead corbel support; Category III: There are gaps for two openings on the spokes of the cutter disc.

6. The method for blocking the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Since the gap length corresponding to the Class I sealing plate is relatively long, it is designed as a sealing plate structure composed of two upper and lower parts.

7. The method for sealing the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Since the gap width corresponding to the Class II sealing plate is relatively wide, it is designed as a sealing plate structure composed of two left and right pieces.

8. The method for blocking the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: Since the Class II sealing plates need to be transported through the manhole of the shield machine to the soil bin for installation, the processing dimensions of the Class II sealing plates are smaller than the structural dimensions of the manhole.

9. The method for sealing the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The opening positions of the sealing plates are within 40 mm along the edge of the steel plates, and the number of openings on each steel plate is at least 4; for Class I and Class II sealing plates, stabilizing bolts are added at the joint positions of adjacent steel plates.

10. The method for sealing the cutterhead gap during normal pressure opening operation of a shield machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The welding nut tooling includes a steel plate base and welding nuts. The production and installation process is as follows: first use the welding nuts to position and weld the steel plate base. After the positioning is completed, all the fillet welds formed are fully welded. At the same time, ensure that the installation surface with the steel plate base is flat and well connected. After the overall welding is completed, it is made into an assembly tooling; subsequently, the tooling is welded to the corresponding position of the cutter disc, and the bottom 16mm thick steel plate is fully welded to the four sides of the cutter disc structure.

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