Coal mine soft broken roadway tunneling circulation connection top net laying device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a coal mine soft broken roadway tunneling circulation connection top net laying device and method.The coal mine soft broken roadway tunneling circulation connection top net laying device is arranged on a tunneling and anchoring all-in-one machine, and a top net library and a top net automatic laying device are arranged behind a machine body of the tunneling and anchoring all-in-one machine; a first temporary supporting support and a second temporary supporting support which can ascend and descend are arranged in front of a top anchor rod drilling machine of the digging and anchoring all-in-one machine. A pressure rotating device and a top net front end clamp are arranged at the top end of the first temporary supporting bracket; and the top net automatic laying device is used for moving the top net in the top net library to the second temporary supporting bracket, so that the top net can be conveniently and fixedly mounted through a top anchor rod drilling machine. According to the method, the dangerous laying procedure of the soft broken roadway top net is optimized, automatic unmanned standard operation of the top net is achieved, and the blank of intrinsic safety of a top plate in the roadway tunneling-supporting connection process is filled up.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway support, and particularly to a device and method for laying a top net for the connection of the tunneling cycle in a soft and broken coal mine roadway. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the intelligentization of fully mechanized coal mining faces has achieved initial results, while the intelligentization of tunneling faces lags seriously behind, resulting in fast mining and slow tunneling, an imbalance in the ratio, and seriously affecting the safe, efficient, and intelligent production of coal mines. In order to meet the need for the rapid advancement of fully mechanized coal mining faces abroad, mechanized parallel operation equipment integrating rapid tunneling and bolt support has been developed, and finally roadheader-anchoring machines represented by Sandvik and JOY have been formed. Since 2017, the research and application of roadheader-anchoring machines in China have grown rapidly. However, the problems of narrow working space, complex tunneling and support processes, and harsh working environment presented in underground roadway tunneling are inevitable, resulting in prominent problems of "low working efficiency and high safety risks", especially in the connection process of tunneling and support - the top net laying process.

[0003] During the rapid tunneling of a roadway by a roadheader-anchoring machine, the top net laying faces the following problems: (1) After the completion of the previous tunneling cycle, since the temporary support plays the role of protecting the roof and stabilizing the machine body and has a large supporting force, the temporary support must be lowered before the machine can be moved. There are safety risks during the machine moving process for a soft and broken roof. (2) During the top net laying process, workers carry out the operations of overlapping and connecting the top net without the temporary support protecting the roof, which poses serious safety problems, especially under soft and broken conditions. (3) Considering the height of the roadheader-anchoring machine body, the roof bolter, and roof safety, continuous plastic steel nets cannot be applied to the roof. The steel bar net has good quality and strong surface protection ability, but the net laying process completely requires manual labor, and the labor intensity of workers is large. (4) After the front and rear top nets are manually overlapped and completed, the on-board temporary support of the roadheader-anchoring machine is lifted. During the lifting process, due to the inability to control and the large supporting force, the top net cannot be completely close to the roof, resulting in problems of wrinkles and bending, and the surface protection ability is greatly reduced. (5) There are inherent safety problems in the top net laying process. Workers should try to carry out operations in the permanent support area, and it is urgent to optimize the roof net laying process.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design an automatic device for laying the top net for the connection of the tunneling cycle in a soft and broken coal mine roadway to make the roadway tunneling more efficient and safe, achieve "safety with fewer people and even greater safety without people" in the tunneling face, and improve the inherent safety of the coal industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for laying a top net in a cyclic connection during the tunneling of a soft and broken roadway in a coal mine. Aiming at the deficiencies of the top net laying by the roadheader-anchor rig in a coal mine roadway and the safety risks existing in the traditional top net laying process under soft and broken conditions, the device can optimize the risky top net laying process in a soft and broken roadway and realize the automatic and unmanned standard operation of the top net, filling the gap in the essential safety of the roof during the connection process of roadway tunneling and support.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a device for laying a top net in a cyclic connection during the tunneling of a soft and broken roadway in a coal mine, which is arranged on a roadheader-anchor rig. A top net storage and a top net automatic laying device are provided behind the fuselage of the roadheader-anchor rig, and a first temporary support bracket and a second temporary support bracket capable of lifting and lowering are provided in front of the top bolt drill of the roadheader-anchor rig; a pressure-bearing rotation device and a front-end clamp of the top net are provided at the top of the first temporary support bracket. During the forward movement of the roadheader-anchor rig, the pressure-bearing rotation device is used to support the roof to ensure the safety of the roof; the top net automatic laying device is used to move the top net in the top net storage to the second temporary support bracket to facilitate the top bolt drill to fix and install the top net.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure-bearing rotation device includes a rotating support plate, which is rotatably connected to the top of the first temporary support bracket through a rotating roller and a bearing, and a buffer spring is connected between the rotating support plate and the top of the first temporary support bracket to provide a supporting force for the rotating support plate.

[0009] Preferably, the top net automatic laying device includes a sliding mechanism arranged on the fuselage of the roadheader-anchor rig. An elevating mechanism is provided on the sliding mechanism. The output end of the elevating mechanism is connected to the bottom of a translation cylinder body through a first rotating mechanism. The output end of the translation cylinder body is connected to one end of a sliding rod through a second rotating mechanism. The other end of the sliding rod is connected to an electromagnetic plate through a sliding mechanism. The first rotating mechanism is used to flip the top net to the front and adjust its pose to facilitate the front-end clamp of the top net to clamp the top net. The second rotating mechanism is used to rotate and flip the top net to the front;

[0010] Preferably, the sliding mechanism includes a stepping motor fixed on a moving platform. The output end of the stepping motor is connected to a lead screw. A fixing block for supporting the lead screw and rotatably connected to the lead screw is also provided on the moving platform. A sliding rod is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The sliding rod is connected to the cylinder body of the elevating mechanism. The moving platform is arranged on the fuselage of the roadheader-anchor rig; the stepping motor drives the lead screw to rotate so as to drive the elevating mechanism to move.

[0011] Preferably, the first rotating mechanism includes a rotating motor fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism. The output end of the rotating motor is connected to the input end of a speed reducer, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected to a runner. The runner is connected to the bottom of the translation cylinder block. The rotating motor drives the runner to rotate, thereby driving the translation cylinder block to flip 180°, completing the upward flip of the electromagnetic plate and the connecting rod. The structure of the second rotating mechanism is the same as that of the first rotating mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, due to the relatively wide cross-sectional width of the roadway, two top nets on the left and right need to be overlapped to complete the automatic laying operation of the top net. All the top nets are placed in the same anchor net storage, and it is impossible to distinguish between the left and the right. It is necessary to adjust the left and right positions of the top net through a sliding mechanism to realize net laying; the sliding mechanism also adopts a lead screw drive system to realize the displacement of the electromagnetic plate relative to the sliding rod.

[0013] Preferably, the second temporary support bracket includes two second lifting cylinders, and a support plate is connected between the tops of the extending ends of the two second lifting cylinders for supporting the top net. Similarly, the first temporary support bracket also includes two first lifting cylinders, and a front-end clamp of the top net is provided on the output end of each first lifting cylinder.

[0014] The present invention also provides a usage method of a top net laying device for the excavation cycle connection of a soft and broken roadway in a coal mine, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0015] After the single-cycle operation of the soft and broken roadway is completed, the second temporary support bracket descends to the initial position;

[0016] The first temporary support bracket is lifted. After the pressure-bearing rotating device contacts the roof, the electromagnetic plate of the top net automatic laying device is used to suck up a single top net;

[0017] The top net is flipped to the front above through the first rotating mechanism by the top net automatic laying device, and then the lifting mechanism moves to the vicinity of the first temporary support bracket. The pose of the top net is adjusted through the second rotating mechanism, and the front-end clamp of the top net rises to clamp the top net;

[0018] The full cross-sectional width of the top net on the roof is too wide, and the body space of the roadheader-anchoring machine is narrow, so the full cross-sectional top net cannot be placed in the anchor net storage. Therefore, two top nets on the left and right need to be overlapped to complete the full cross-sectional net laying operation. After the clamping operation of one side of the top net is completed, the clamping operation of the other side of the top net is completed according to the same operation as above;

[0019] Then, after the roadheader-anchoring machine moves forward to the single-cycle step distance and stops, the second temporary support bracket is lifted, the first temporary support bracket descends to the initial position, and at the same time, the support structure of the roof bolt drilling machine is lifted to start drilling and installing roof bolts. After the installation is completed, the worker connects the nets at the overlapping position of the front and rear top nets (a top net with a running length of 1 m is laid after each cycle of the tunneling operation, and the top nets of the previous cycle and the current cycle need to be connected).

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention realizes the temporary support belt pressure protection during the machine transfer process after the completion of single-cycle excavation, and solves the problem of roof falling during the connection process of traditional tunnel excavation support under the condition of soft and broken roof.

[0022] (2) The present invention avoids and optimizes the traditional top mesh laying and overlapping process in an environment without permanent anchor support (empty top area). After the front-end top plate anchor is installed, the workers will connect the front and rear top meshes at the overlapping position.

[0023] (3) The present invention greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers in laying a complete top net, realizes the automated unmanned standardized operation of the top net, and fills the gap in the automated laying of the top net and the inherent safety of the empty top area during the tunnel excavation-support connection process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an onboard automated mesh laying and temporary support for a drilling and anchoring machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an airborne automated web laying device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the front and rear temporary support brackets provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of left and right overlap of the top net provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a sliding mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a first rotating mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, the reference numerals are: 1, the first temporary support bracket; 2, the second temporary support bracket; 3, the pressure - bearing rotation device; 3 - 1, the rotating drum; 3 - 2, the bearing; 4, the front clamp of the top net; 5, the top net; 5 - 1, the left - hand top net; 5 - 2, the right - hand top net; 6, the automatic laying device of the top net; 6 - 1, the lifting mechanism; 6 - 2, the first rotating mechanism; 6 - 2 - 1, the rotating motor; 6 - 2 - 2, the reducer; 6 - 2 - 3, the runner; 6 - 3, the second rotating mechanism; 6 - 4, the limiting mechanism; 6 - 5, the sliding mechanism; 6 - 6, the electromagnetic plate; 7, the sliding mechanism; 7 - 1, the stepping motor; 7 - 2, the lead screw; 7 - 3, the sliding rod; 7 - 4, the moving platform; 8, the roof bolt drill; 9, the top net storage; 10, the roadheader - bolter. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] The present invention provides a device for laying a top net for the cyclic connection of tunneling in a soft and broken roadway of a coal mine, which is arranged on the roadheader - bolter 10. A top net storage 9 and an automatic laying device 6 of the top net are arranged behind the fuselage of the roadheader - bolter 10. In front of the roof bolt drill 8 of the roadheader - bolter 10, there are a first temporary support bracket 1 and a second temporary support bracket 2 that can be lifted and lowered; at the top of the first temporary support bracket 1, there are a pressure - bearing rotation device 3 and a front clamp 4 of the top net. During the forward movement of the roadheader - bolter 10, the pressure - bearing rotation device 3 is used to support the roof to ensure the safety of the roof; the automatic laying device 6 of the top net is used to move the top net 5 in the top net storage 9 to the second temporary support bracket 2, so as to facilitate the roof bolt drill 8 to fix and install the top net 5.

[0034] The pressure - bearing rotation device 3 includes a rotating support plate, which is rotatably connected to the top of the first temporary support bracket 1 through a rotating drum and a bearing. A buffer spring is connected between the rotating support plate and the top of the first temporary support bracket 1 to provide a supporting force to the rotating support plate.

[0035] The automatic laying device 6 of the top net includes a sliding mechanism 7 arranged on the fuselage of the roadheader - bolter 10. An lifting mechanism 6 - 1 is arranged on the sliding mechanism 7. The output end of the lifting mechanism 6 - 1 is connected to the bottom of the translation cylinder body through a first rotating mechanism 6 - 2. The output end of the translation cylinder body is connected to one end of a sliding rod through a second rotating mechanism 6 - 3. The other end of the sliding rod is connected to an electromagnetic plate 6 - 6 through a sliding mechanism. The first rotating mechanism 6 - 2 is used to flip the top net 5 to the front and then adjust its position and pose, so as to facilitate the front clamp 4 of the top net to clamp the top net 5. The second rotating mechanism 6 - 3 is used to rotate and flip the top net 5 to the front;

[0036] The sliding mechanism 7 includes a stepping motor 7-1 fixed on the moving platform 7-4. The output end of the stepping motor 7-1 is connected to a lead screw 7-2. A fixed block for supporting the lead screw 7-2 and rotatably connected to the lead screw 7-2 is also provided on the moving platform 7-4. A sliding rod 7-3 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 7-2. The sliding rod 7-3 is connected to the cylinder block of the lifting mechanism 6-1. The moving platform 7-4 is arranged on the body of the roadheader-anchoring machine 10. The stepping motor 7-1 drives the lead screw 7-2 to rotate, thereby driving the lifting mechanism 6-1 to move.

[0037] The first rotating mechanism 6-2 includes a rotating motor 6-2-1 fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism 6-1. The output end of the rotating motor 6-2-1 is connected to the input end of a speed reducer 6-2-2. The output end of the speed reducer 6-2-2 is connected to a runner 6-2-3. The runner 6-2-3 is connected to the bottom of the translation cylinder block. The rotating motor 6-2-1 drives the runner 6-2-3 to rotate, thereby driving the translation cylinder block to flip 180°, completing the upward flipping of the electromagnetic plate and the connecting rod. The structure of the second rotating mechanism 6-3 is the same as that of the first rotating mechanism 6-2.

[0038] Due to the relatively wide cross-sectional width of the roadway, two left and right top nets 5 need to be lapped to complete the automatic laying operation of the top net. All the top nets 5 are placed in the same anchor net storage, and it is impossible to distinguish between left and right. It is necessary to adjust the left and right positions of the top net 5 relative to the electromagnetic plate 6-6 through the sliding mechanism to achieve net laying. The sliding mechanism also uses a lead screw drive system to achieve the displacement of the electromagnetic plate 6-6 relative to the sliding rod. A rotatable lead screw and a micro motor for driving the lead screw to rotate are provided on the back of the electromagnetic plate 6-6. A small slider is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The bottom of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the micro slider.

[0039] The second temporary support bracket 2 includes two second lifting cylinders. A support plate is connected between the top ends of the extending ends of the two second lifting cylinders for supporting the top net 5. Similarly, the first temporary support bracket 1 also includes two first lifting cylinders, and a top net front clamp 4 is provided on the output end of each first lifting cylinder.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for using a top net laying device for the excavation cycle connection of a soft and broken roadway in a coal mine, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0041] After the single-cycle operation of the soft and broken roadway is completed, the second temporary support bracket 2 descends to the initial position;

[0042] The first temporary support bracket 1 is lifted. After the pressure-bearing rotation device 3 contacts the roof, the electromagnetic plate 6-6 of the top net automatic laying device 6 is used to suck up a single top net 5;

[0043] The top net 5 is flipped to above the front by the first rotating mechanism 6-2 of the top net automatic laying device 6, and then the lifting mechanism 6-1 moves to near the first temporary support bracket 1. The pose of the top net 5 is adjusted by the second rotating mechanism 6-3, and the front-end clamp 4 of the top net is raised to clamp the top net 5.

[0044] The full-section width of the roof top net is too wide, and the body space of the roadheader-anchoring machine is narrow, so the full-section top net cannot be placed in the anchor net bin. Therefore, two left and right top nets 5 need to be overlapped to complete the full-section net laying operation. After the clamping operation of one side of the top net 5 is completed, the clamping operation of the other side of the top net 5 is completed according to the same operation above.

[0045] Then, after the roadheader-anchoring machine 10 moves forward to the single-cycle step distance and stops, the second temporary support bracket 2 is propped up, the first temporary support bracket 1 descends to the initial position, and at the same time, the support structure of the top bolt drill 8 is propped up, and the drilling for installing the roof bolts starts. After the installation is completed, the workers connect the front and rear top nets 5 at the overlapping position (a top net with a running length of 1 m is laid after each cycle of tunneling operation, and the top net connection operation needs to be carried out between the previous cycle and the current cycle). The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A top net laying device for excavating soft and broken tunnels in coal mines, arranged on an integrated excavator and anchor machine (10), characterized in that: A top net warehouse (9) and an automatic top net laying device (6) are provided at the rear of the body of the anchor-digger (10); a first temporary support bracket (1) and a second temporary support bracket (2) capable of being raised and lowered are provided in front of the top anchor drilling rig (8) of the anchor-digger (10); a pressure-carrying rotating device (3) and a top net front end clamp (4) are provided at the top of the first temporary support bracket (1); the pressure-carrying rotating device (3) is used to support the top plate to ensure the safety of the top plate when the anchor-digger (10) moves forward; the automatic top net laying device (6) is used to move the top net (5) in the top net warehouse (9) to the top of the second temporary support bracket (2) so as to facilitate the top net (5) to be fixed and installed by the top anchor drilling rig (8).

2. The device for laying top nets for soft and broken tunnel excavation in coal mines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure-bearing rotating device (3) comprises a rotating support plate, which is rotatably connected to the top of the first temporary support bracket (1), and a buffer spring is connected between the rotating support plate and the top of the first temporary support bracket (1) for providing supporting force to the rotating support plate.

3. The device for laying top nets for soft and broken tunnel excavation in coal mines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The automatic top net laying device (6) comprises a sliding mechanism (7) arranged on the body of the anchor mining machine (10), the sliding mechanism (7) is provided with a lifting mechanism (6-1), the output end of the lifting mechanism (6-1) is connected to the bottom of the translation cylinder body through a first rotating mechanism (6-2), the output end of the translation cylinder body is connected to one end of a sliding rod through a second rotating mechanism (6-3), and the other end of the sliding rod is connected to an electromagnetic plate (6-6) through a sliding mechanism, the first rotating mechanism (6-2) is used to adjust the posture of the top net (5) after flipping it to the front side, so as to facilitate the top net front end clamp (4) to clamp the top net (5), and the second rotating mechanism (6-3) is used to rotate and flip the top net (5) to the front side.

4. The device for laying top nets for soft and broken tunnel excavation in coal mines according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sliding mechanism (7) comprises a stepper motor (7-1) fixed on a mobile platform (7-4); the output end of the stepper motor (7-1) is connected to a screw rod (7-2); a fixed block for supporting the screw rod (7-2) and rotatably connected to the screw rod (7-2) is also provided on the mobile platform (7-4); a sliding rod (7-3) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (7-2); the sliding rod (7-3) is connected to a cylinder body of a lifting mechanism (6-1); and the mobile platform (7-4) is arranged on the body of the anchoring and digging machine (10); the stepper motor (7-1) drives the screw rod (7-2) to rotate, thereby driving the lifting mechanism (6-1) to move.

5. The device for laying top nets for soft and broken tunnel excavation in coal mines according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first rotating mechanism (6-2) comprises a rotating motor (6-2-1) fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting mechanism (6-1); the output end of the rotating motor (6-2-1) is connected to the input end of the reducer (6-2-2); the output end of the reducer (6-2-2) is connected to the rotating wheel (6-2-3); the rotating wheel (6-2-3) is connected to the bottom of the translation cylinder; the rotating motor (6-2-1) drives the rotating wheel (6-2-3) to rotate, thereby driving the translation cylinder to flip 180 degrees to complete the upward flipping of the electromagnetic plate and the connecting rod; the structure of the second rotating mechanism (6-3) is the same as that of the first rotating mechanism (6-2).

6. The device for laying top nets for excavating soft and broken tunnels in coal mines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Since the cross-sectional width of the tunnel is relatively wide, two left and right top nets (5) need to be overlapped to complete the automatic top net laying operation. All top nets (5) are placed in the same anchor net warehouse and cannot be distinguished between left and right. It is necessary to adjust the left and right positions of the top net (7) relative to the electromagnetic plate (6-6) through a sliding mechanism to achieve net laying; the sliding mechanism also uses a screw transmission system to achieve the displacement of the electromagnetic plate (6-6) relative to the sliding rod.

7. The device for laying top nets for soft and broken tunnel excavation in coal mines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second temporary support bracket (2) includes two second lifting cylinders, and a support plate is connected between the tops of the extended ends of the two second lifting cylinders for supporting the top net (5). Similarly, the first temporary support bracket (1) also includes two first lifting cylinders, and a top net front end clamp (4) is provided on the output end of each first lifting cylinder.

8. A method for using the device for laying top mesh for excavating soft and broken tunnels in coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. After the single cycle operation of the weak and broken tunnel is completed, the second temporary support bracket (2) is lowered to the initial position; S2, the first temporary support bracket (1) is propped up, and after the pressure rotating device (3) contacts the top plate, the electromagnetic plate (6-6) of the top net automatic laying device (6) is used to suck up the single top net (5); S3, using the top net automatic laying device (6) to flip the top net (5) to the upper front side through the first rotating mechanism (6-2), then the lifting mechanism (6-1) is moved to the vicinity of the first temporary support bracket (1), the posture of the top net (5) is adjusted through the second rotating mechanism (6-3), and the top net front end clamp (4) is raised to clamp the top net (5); S4. Since the full-section width of the top plate top net is too wide, the space of the anchoring machine is narrow and the anchor net warehouse cannot accommodate the full-section top net. Therefore, it is necessary to overlap the left and right top nets to complete the full-section net laying operation. After completing the clamping operation of the top net (5) on one side, the clamping operation of the top net (5) on the other side is completed according to the same operation as above. S5. Then, the anchoring and digging machine (10) moves forward to a single cycle step and stops. The second temporary support bracket (2) is propped up, and the first temporary support bracket (1) is lowered to the initial position. At the same time, the supporting structure of the top anchor drilling machine (8) is propped up and drilling and installation of the top plate anchors are started. After the installation is completed, the workers connect the front and rear top nets at the overlapping position.

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