Temperature measuring nut device, temperature abnormity monitoring method and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature measurement nut device, a temperature abnormity monitoring method and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: installing a temperature measurement nut on target equipment, obtaining the temperature of the temperature measurement nut, and obtaining the temperature data; if the temperature data is not within the safety threshold, the target equipment operates abnormally; and if the degree of deviation of the temperature correlation coefficient between the plurality of sensors in the temperature data from the preset value exceeds a specified range, the temperature measurement nut operates abnormally. According to the temperature measurement nut device, the temperature abnormity monitoring method and the medium, the running state of the temperature measurement nut can be judged by comparing temperature data between sensors; by combining temperature threshold judgment and temperature correlation coefficient judgment, the abnormal temperature conditions of the equipment and the temperature measuring nut can be monitored more accurately, so that false alarm and missing alarm are reduced, the monitoring accuracy and reliability are improved, and the problem that accurate abnormal temperature monitoring is difficult to carry out on the equipment and the temperature measuring nut can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of temperature measurement, and particularly to a temperature measurement nut device, a temperature anomaly monitoring method, and a medium. Background Art

[0002] In industries such as petrochemical, power, and aerospace, the safe operation of equipment is crucial; traditional wired temperature measurement methods have problems such as complex wiring and difficult maintenance, while wireless passive temperature measurement nuts can conveniently achieve remote monitoring and data collection, providing a strong guarantee for the safe operation of equipment; passive temperature measurement technology is a temperature measurement method that does not require external power supply and works by collecting the thermal radiation energy emitted by the object itself; in recent years, with the continuous maturity of passive temperature measurement technology, the performance and reliability of temperature measurement nuts have also been significantly improved. The temperature measurement nut is internally provided with a high-precision temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature changes at key parts of the equipment; these temperature sensors can sense the temperature on the surface of the equipment and convert the temperature signal into an electrical signal for processing to promptly detect equipment anomalies.

[0003] However, when the existing temperature measurement nuts and systems are designed, they may not be equipped with a fault self-diagnosis function, which means that when a fault occurs inside the temperature measurement nut or system, these faults cannot be automatically detected and reported; moreover, the current temperature measurement nuts have low corrosion resistance and wear resistance and a short service life, resulting in poor stability of the temperature measurement nuts; therefore, continuously collecting temperature data of a faulty temperature measurement nut may misjudge or miss judging the operating state of the equipment, causing great losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a temperature measurement nut device, a temperature anomaly monitoring method, and a medium to solve the problem of difficult accurate temperature anomaly monitoring of the equipment and the temperature measurement nut itself.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a temperature anomaly monitoring method, including:

[0006] Install a temperature measurement nut on a target device and obtain the temperature of the temperature measurement nut to obtain temperature data; wherein, a plurality of sensors are integrated on the temperature measurement nut;

[0007] If the temperature data is not within a preset safety threshold, the target device is operating abnormally;

[0008] If the degree of deviation of the temperature correlation coefficient between the plurality of sensors in the temperature data from a preset value exceeds a specified range, the temperature measurement nut is operating abnormally.

[0009] The temperature-measuring nut of the present invention integrates several sensors, which can work separately or collaboratively to obtain temperature data from different angles and positions. This design not only improves the diversity and richness of temperature data but also provides a more comprehensive basis for subsequent data analysis and anomaly detection. Safety thresholds are preset to determine whether the device temperature is within the normal range. When the temperature data exceeds these thresholds, it can automatically determine that the device is operating abnormally and issue an alarm or trigger the corresponding protection mechanism in a timely manner. In addition to the direct comparison of temperature data, the operating state of the temperature-measuring nut itself is detected by analyzing the temperature correlation coefficients between several sensors. This correlation coefficient analysis can reveal the consistency and correlation of temperature data between sensors, thereby helping to identify possible faults or anomalies inside the temperature-measuring nut.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can judge the operating state of the temperature-measuring nut itself by comparing the temperature data between sensors; by combining the temperature threshold judgment and the temperature correlation coefficient judgment, it can more accurately monitor the temperature anomaly conditions of the device and the temperature-measuring nut, which helps to reduce false alarms and missed alarms and improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring. Therefore, it can solve the problem of difficult to accurately monitor the temperature anomalies of the device and the temperature-measuring nut itself.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the temperature data includes the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut;

[0012] Among them, the internal temperature of the nut is obtained by measuring with a first sensor, and the surface temperature of the nut is obtained by measuring with a second sensor.

[0013] This preferred solution can obtain more comprehensive temperature information by measuring the internal and surface temperatures of the nut simultaneously, which helps to more accurately understand the thermal state of the temperature-measuring nut and its surrounding environment, thereby more comprehensively evaluating the operating state of the target device. Moreover, using two different sensors to measure the internal and surface temperatures respectively can, to a certain extent, reduce the influence of single sensor failure or error on data accuracy.

[0014] As a preferred solution, if the temperature data is not within the preset safety threshold, the target device is operating abnormally. Specifically:

[0015] Modify the weights of the first sensor and the second sensor to obtain the first weight and the second weight respectively;

[0016] Based on the first weight and the second weight, as well as the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut, calculate the comprehensive temperature by means of weighted fusion;

[0017] If the comprehensive temperature is not within the safety threshold, the target device is operating abnormally.

[0018] In this preferred solution, by correcting the weights of the sensors, it is possible to take into account the possible errors or deviations that may exist in different sensors during the measurement process, thereby more accurately reflecting the true temperature conditions inside and outside the nut. The weighted fusion method can comprehensively consider the data of the two sensors, reduce the impact of abnormal data of a single sensor on the final result, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall data.

[0019] As a preferred solution, if the degree of deviation of the temperature correlation coefficient between the several sensors in the temperature data from the preset value exceeds the specified range, the temperature-measuring nut operates abnormally. Specifically:

[0020] Based on the temperature inside the nut and the temperature on the surface of the nut, a correlation difference quantity is calculated according to the correlation metric formula;

[0021] Based on the standard deviation of the temperature inside the nut and the standard deviation of the temperature on the surface of the nut, and in combination with the correlation difference quantity, the correlation coefficient between the temperature inside the nut and the temperature on the surface of the nut is calculated;

[0022] If the degree of deviation of the correlation coefficient from the preset value exceeds the specified range, the temperature-measuring nut operates abnormally.

[0023] In this preferred solution, by calculating the correlation difference quantity between the temperature inside the nut and the temperature on the surface of the nut, the temperature relationship between the two can be quantified, thereby more accurately evaluating the operating state of the temperature-measuring nut. Moreover, considering the standard deviations of the temperature inside the nut and the temperature on the surface of the nut helps to reflect the dispersion degree and stability of the temperature data.

[0024] As a preferred solution, if the installation environment of the temperature-measuring nut has anti-corrosion requirements, the temperature-measuring nut is subjected to main body corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatment;

[0025] Among them, the main body corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatment includes nut surface pretreatment, coating self-assembly treatment, and purification treatment.

[0026] In this preferred solution, by subjecting the temperature-measuring nut to corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatment, the risk of equipment shutdown caused by nut failure can be reduced, and the safety of the equipment can be improved. Moreover, since the temperature-measuring nut is an important part of the monitoring system, its reliability and stability directly affect the credibility of the overall monitoring system. Therefore, in an installation environment with anti-corrosion requirements, the specially treated temperature-measuring nut can better adapt to these environments and ensure the accuracy and reliability of temperature monitoring.

[0027] As a preferred solution, the nut surface pretreatment is specifically:

[0028] Immerse the temperature-measuring nut in a preset solution to hydroxylate the surface of the temperature-measuring nut;

[0029] Rinse the temperature-measuring nut until the rinsing liquid of the temperature-measuring nut is neutral.

[0030] In this preferred solution, the surface of the temperature-measuring nut after hydroxylation treatment is more uniform, which is beneficial to the uniform deposition of the coating material. The uniform coating can provide better protection, reduce the weak links in the coating, and improve the overall corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

[0031] As a preferred solution, the self-assembly treatment of the coating is specifically as follows:

[0032] Add silicon carbide and graphene powder into an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, and prepare a suspension by ultrasonic dispersion;

[0033] Immerse the temperature-measuring nut in the suspension, and form a uniform adhesion layer on the surface of the nut through chemical bonding and electrostatic interaction.

[0034] In this preferred solution, through the ultrasonic dispersion preparation method, the silicon carbide and graphene powder in the suspension can be uniformly dispersed, avoiding particle agglomeration, which helps to form a uniform adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut and ensure the consistency of the coating performance.

[0035] As a preferred solution, the purification treatment is specifically as follows:

[0036] After the self-assembly treatment of the coating is completed, rinse and remove the unbound substances on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut, and solidify the adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut through vacuum drying.

[0037] In this preferred solution, by rinsing and removing the unbound substances, the interfacial defects between the coating and the substrate can be reduced, which helps to enhance the adhesion between the coating and the temperature-measuring nut substrate and ensure that the coating is not easily peeled off or separated during use. The vacuum drying process can remove the moisture and other volatile substances in the adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut, making the adhesion layer more stable.

[0038] As a preferred solution, several sensors are integrated on the temperature-measuring nut, specifically as follows:

[0039] Assemble the first sensor inside the thread section of the temperature-measuring nut;

[0040] Assemble the second sensor in the external protection groove of the temperature-measuring nut.

[0041] In this preferred solution, the first sensor is located inside the threaded section and can directly measure the actual working temperature of the nut and the threaded connection part, reflecting the thermal state of the connection. The second sensor is located inside the external protection groove and measures the ambient temperature or surface temperature outside the nut, providing temperature information about the external environment. Therefore, by combining the data of the two sensors, the temperature conditions of the temperature-measuring nut and its surrounding environment can be comprehensively evaluated, improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of temperature monitoring.

[0042] As a preferred solution, the first sensor is a thermistor sensor, and the second sensor is a fiber Bragg grating sensor.

[0043] In this preferred solution, the thermistor sensor is sensitive to temperature changes and can provide relatively accurate temperature readings, especially suitable for measuring the temperature inside the nut. The fiber Bragg grating sensor has the characteristics of high precision, high stability, and strong anti-interference ability, and is suitable for measuring the surface of the nut or scenarios that require higher-precision measurements. By using these two sensors in combination, they can complement each other, improving the accuracy and reliability of the overall measurement.

[0044] This application also provides a temperature-measuring nut device, including a data module, a device module, and a nut module;

[0045] Among them, the data module is used to install the temperature-measuring nut on the target device and obtain the temperature of the temperature-measuring nut to obtain temperature data; among them, a number of sensors are integrated on the temperature-measuring nut;

[0046] The device module is used to determine that the target device is operating abnormally if the temperature data is not within the preset safety threshold;

[0047] The nut module is used to determine that the temperature-measuring nut is operating abnormally if the degree of deviation of the temperature correlation coefficient between the sensors in the temperature data from the preset value exceeds the specified range.

[0048] As a preferred solution, the temperature data includes the temperature inside the nut and the temperature on the surface of the nut;

[0049] Among them, the temperature inside the nut is obtained based on the measurement of the first sensor, and the temperature on the surface of the nut is obtained based on the measurement of the second sensor.

[0050] As a preferred solution, the device module includes a weight unit, a temperature unit, and a judgment unit;

[0051] Among them, the weight unit is used to correct the weights of the first sensor and the second sensor to obtain the first weight and the second weight respectively;

[0052] The temperature unit is used to calculate a comprehensive temperature by weighted fusion based on the first weight, the second weight, the internal temperature of the nut, and the surface temperature of the nut;

[0053] The judgment unit is used to determine that the target device is operating abnormally if the comprehensive temperature is not within the safety threshold.

[0054] As a preferred solution, the nut module includes a difference unit, a coefficient unit, and a comparison unit;

[0055] Among them, the difference unit is used to calculate a correlation difference amount based on the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut according to a correlation metric formula;

[0056] The coefficient unit is used to calculate a correlation coefficient between the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut based on the standard deviation of the internal temperature of the nut, the standard deviation of the surface temperature of the nut, and in combination with the correlation difference amount;

[0057] The comparison unit is used to determine that the temperature-measuring nut is operating abnormally if the degree of deviation of the correlation coefficient from the preset value exceeds the specified range.

[0058] As a preferred solution, if the installation environment of the temperature-measuring nut has anti-corrosion requirements, the temperature-measuring nut is subjected to main body corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatments;

[0059] Among them, the main body corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatments include nut surface pretreatment, coating self-assembly treatment, and purification treatment.

[0060] As a preferred solution, the nut surface pretreatment is specifically:

[0061] Immerse the temperature-measuring nut in a preset solution to hydroxylate the surface of the temperature-measuring nut;

[0062] Rinse the temperature-measuring nut until the rinse liquid of the temperature-measuring nut is neutral.

[0063] As a preferred solution, the coating self-assembly treatment is specifically:

[0064] Add silicon carbide and graphene powders to an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, and prepare a suspension by ultrasonic dispersion;

[0065] Immerse the temperature-measuring nut in the suspension to form a uniform adhesion layer on the nut surface through chemical bonding and electrostatic interaction.

[0066] As a preferred solution, the purification treatment is specifically:

[0067] After the self-assembly treatment of the coating is completed, the unbonded substances on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut are rinsed off, and the adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut is stabilized by vacuum drying.

[0068] As a preferred solution, the data module includes a first unit and a second unit;

[0069] Among them, the first unit is used to assemble a first sensor inside the threaded section of the temperature-measuring nut;

[0070] The second unit is used to assemble a second sensor in the external protection groove of the temperature-measuring nut.

[0071] As a preferred solution, the first sensor is a thermistor sensor, and the second sensor is a fiber Bragg grating sensor.

[0072] This application also provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. The computer program is called and executed by a computer to implement the above-mentioned temperature anomaly monitoring method. Description of the Drawings

[0073] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a temperature anomaly monitoring method provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature-measuring nut device provided by an embodiment of this application. Detailed Embodiments

[0075] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0076] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "several" is two or more.

[0077] A temperature anomaly monitoring method provided by an embodiment of this application is mainly applied to situations where accurate temperature anomaly monitoring of equipment and the temperature-measuring nut itself is required, and the temperature-measuring nut is processed to meet the high thermal conductivity requirements of the temperature-measuring nut.

[0078] Example 1:

[0079] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present application provides a temperature anomaly monitoring method, including S1 to S3, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0080] S1. Install a temperature measuring nut on the target device and obtain the temperature of the temperature measuring nut to obtain temperature data; wherein, several sensors are integrated on the temperature measuring nut.

[0081] Step S1 of the embodiment of the present application includes S1.1 to S1.5, specifically:

[0082] S1.1. Install a temperature measuring nut on the target device; wherein, the "temperature measuring nut" is a sensor device for measuring and monitoring temperature, and the specific number of temperature measuring nuts can be flexibly determined according to actual application requirements.

[0083] S1.2. If the installation environment of the temperature measuring nut has anti-corrosion requirements, perform main body corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatment on the temperature measuring nut; wherein, the main body corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatment includes nut surface pretreatment, coating self-assembly treatment and purification treatment, specifically:

[0084] ① Nut surface pretreatment:

[0085] Place the temperature measuring nut in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 1% to 3%, soak it in the temperature range of 40°C to 80°C for 0.5 hours to 5 hours, so that a hydroxylation reaction occurs on the nut surface to generate abundant hydroxyl functional groups.

[0086] Subsequently, thoroughly rinse the nut with deionized water until the rinse liquid reaches a neutral state.

[0087] Finally, place the nut in an oven and dry it at a temperature of 80°C to 100°C for 1 hour to 2 hours for subsequent use.

[0088] ② Coating self-assembly treatment:

[0089] Integrate silicon carbide and graphene powder into an aqueous solution system containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, and control the mass ratio of silicon carbide, graphene and surfactant in the range of 1-3:2-5:1. Use an ultrasonic dispersion device to perform ultrasonic treatment on the aqueous solution system for 60-90 minutes under the power condition of 300-600W to ensure the uniform dispersion of silicon carbide and graphene in the solution, thereby forming a stable suspension;

[0090] Fully immerse the nut after surface pretreatment in a suspension containing silicon carbide and graphene, and let it stand at room temperature for 12 to 24 hours. During this period, silicon carbide and graphene spontaneously assemble on the nut surface through mechanisms such as chemical bonding and electrostatic interaction to form a uniform and dense adhesion layer.

[0091] ③ Purification treatment:

[0092] After the coating self-assembly treatment is completed, take out the nut from the solution and rinse it multiple times with deionized water to thoroughly remove the unbound silicon carbide, graphene, and residual surfactant on the nut surface.

[0093] Subsequently, place the nut in a vacuum drying oven and conduct a drying treatment at a temperature range of 40°C to 60°C for 2 to 4 hours to promote the further curing and stabilization of the adhesion layer, thereby achieving the firm adhesion of silicon carbide and graphene on the nut surface.

[0094] In this embodiment S1.2, by treating the temperature-measuring nut for corrosion resistance and wear resistance, the risk of equipment downtime caused by nut failure can be reduced, and the safety of the equipment can be improved. Moreover, since the temperature-measuring nut is an important part of the monitoring system, its reliability and stability directly affect the credibility of the overall monitoring system. Therefore, in an installation environment with anti-corrosion requirements, the specially treated temperature-measuring nut can better adapt to these environments and ensure the accuracy and reliability of temperature monitoring;

[0095] In the surface pretreatment of the nut, the surface of the temperature-measuring nut after hydroxylation treatment is more uniform, which is conducive to the uniform deposition of the coating material. A uniform coating can provide better protection, reduce the weak links in the coating, and improve the overall corrosion resistance and wear resistance;

[0096] In the coating self-assembly treatment, through the ultrasonic dispersion preparation method, the silicon carbide and graphene powders in the suspension can be evenly dispersed, avoiding particle agglomeration, which helps to form a uniform adhesion layer on the temperature-measuring nut surface and ensure the consistency of the coating performance;

[0097] In the purification treatment, by rinsing to remove the unbound substances, the interfacial defects between the coating and the substrate can be reduced, which helps to enhance the adhesion between the coating and the temperature-measuring nut substrate and ensure that the coating is not easily peeled off or separated during use. The vacuum drying process can remove the moisture and other volatile substances in the adhesion layer on the temperature-measuring nut surface, making the adhesion layer more stable;

[0098] In summary, by treating the temperature-measuring nut for corrosion resistance and wear resistance, a high thermal conductivity, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant coating can be formed on the surface of the nut, improving the service life of the temperature-measuring nut. Moreover, the coating does not affect the temperature-measuring performance of the temperature-measuring nut, can meet the high thermal conductivity requirements of the temperature-measuring nut, and ensure the accuracy of temperature monitoring.

[0099] S1.3. Assemble a thermistor sensor at a position near the thread inside the temperature-measuring nut;

[0100] Assemble a fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG) in the external protection groove of the temperature-measuring nut, and make the fiber Bragg grating sensor surround the protection groove outside the nut body. Among them, the thermistor sensor is the first sensor, and the fiber Bragg grating sensor is the second sensor; both the thermistor sensor and the fiber Bragg grating sensor are integrated in the multi-temperature measurement unit of the temperature-measuring nut.

[0101] In the energy acquisition and conversion module of the temperature-measuring nut, one or more energy acquisition methods such as electromagnetic induction, electric field energy acquisition, or thermal energy conversion are used to provide power for the temperature-measuring nut. Specifically: in an AC power system environment, priority is given to using electromagnetic induction to obtain power; in a DC power system environment, the electric field energy acquisition method is preferably selected; and in a non-power facility scenario, the thermal energy conversion method is inclined to be used to obtain power. Moreover, when a single energy acquisition method cannot meet the working requirements of the temperature-measuring nut, two or more energy acquisition methods need to be combined.

[0102] In this embodiment S1.3, the thermistor sensor is located inside the thread section and can directly measure the actual working temperature of the connection part between the nut and the thread, reflecting the thermal state of the connection and ensuring that the temperature change of the device can be quickly and accurately sensed. The fiber Bragg grating sensor is located in the external protection groove and measures the ambient temperature or surface temperature outside the nut, capable of providing temperature information about the external environment; moreover, the fiber Bragg grating sensor is not affected by electromagnetic interference and has extremely high stability and accuracy. Therefore, by combining the data of the two sensors, it can be mutually verified to determine whether the nut is in a normal operating state, comprehensively evaluate the temperature conditions of the temperature-measuring nut and its surrounding environment, and improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of temperature monitoring;

[0103] In addition, the thermistor sensor is sensitive to temperature changes and can provide relatively accurate temperature readings, especially suitable for measuring the temperature inside the nut. The fiber Bragg grating sensor has the characteristics of high precision, high stability, and strong anti-interference ability, and is suitable for measuring the surface of the nut or scenarios that require higher-precision measurement. Combining the use of these two sensors can complement each other and improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall measurement.

[0104] S1.4. Obtain the temperature of the temperature-measuring nut to obtain the internal temperature T of the nut 1and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 temperature data including; among which, the internal temperature of the nut is obtained according to the measurement of the thermistor sensor, and the surface temperature of the nut is obtained according to the measurement of the fiber Bragg grating sensor.

[0105] The wireless communication module based on the temperature-measuring nut uses one or more of the technologies of Bluetooth, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), and LoRa (Long Range, a long-distance wireless communication protocol based on spread spectrum technology) to transmit the measured temperature data to several distributed data acquisition terminals. Specifically:

[0106] ① When the number of nuts does not exceed 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is not greater than 30 meters, one or more wireless communication signals of Bluetooth, RFID, and LoRa can be selected for transmission.

[0107] ② If the number of nuts exceeds 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is not greater than 50 meters, one or more wireless communication signals of RFID and LoRa can be used.

[0108] ③ When the number of nuts exceeds 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is greater than 50 meters, the LoRa wireless communication signal should be selected.

[0109] Among them, the wireless communication module is composed of components such as a wireless signal chip, an antenna, and a microcontroller. The wireless signal chip is responsible for the sending processing such as data encoding and modulation, and the receiving processing such as signal decoding and demodulation. The antenna is responsible for converting the electrical signal processed by the chip into an electromagnetic wave and emitting it into space, and converting the received electromagnetic wave into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the chip. The microcontroller is responsible for executing the relevant functions of the wireless communication protocol.

[0110] In this embodiment S1.4, by simultaneously measuring the internal and surface temperatures of the nut, more comprehensive temperature information can be obtained, which helps to more accurately understand the thermal state of the temperature-measuring nut and its surrounding environment, thereby more comprehensively evaluating the operating state of the target device. Moreover, using two different sensors to measure the internal and surface temperatures respectively can, to a certain extent, reduce the impact of single-sensor failure or error on data accuracy.

[0111] S1.5. Control several distributed data acquisition terminals to receive the temperature data transmitted from multiple temperature-measuring nuts and perform a series of preliminary processing on these data; among which, the process of preliminary processing includes verifying the integrity of the data, such as checksum verification; eliminating duplicate data to ensure data uniqueness; and securely storing the data in the local storage device;

[0112] Forward the processed data to the regional data concentrator in a timely manner for subsequent processing.

[0113] Control the regional data concentrator to collect the data uploaded by several distributed data acquisition terminals, integrate and analyze the temperature information in the whole region, and depict the temperature distribution of the region based on the positions of the nuts and their corresponding temperature data.

[0114] S2. If the temperature data is not within the preset safety threshold, the target device is operating abnormally.

[0115] Step S2 of the embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows:

[0116] Based on the data collected by the regional data concentrator, correct the original weight ω of the thermistor sensor based on the reciprocal of the error a1 and the original weight ω of the fiber Bragg grating sensor a2 to obtain the first weight ω 1 and the second weight ω 2 respectively;

[0117] Based on the first weight ω 1 and the second weight ω 2 , as well as the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 , calculate the comprehensive temperature T through weighted fusion combined ; among them, the weighted fusion method specifically refers to the weighted average method.

[0118] Compare the comprehensive temperature T combined with the preset normal temperature range [T min , T max . If T combined > T max or T combined < T min , it indicates that the target device is operating abnormally, then mark the temperature data as abnormal and set the abnormal flag bit;

[0119] At the same time, according to the operating specifications of different devices, set the alarm threshold T alarm . If T combined > T alarm , trigger an alarm signal and transmit the analysis conclusion and key data to the remote monitoring center via 4G / 5G network or Ethernet.

[0120] Among them, the first weight is:

[0121]

[0122] The second weight is:

[0123]

[0124] For the first weight and the second weight, there is:

[0125] ω 1 + ω 2 = 1

[0126] The comprehensive temperature is:

[0127] T combined = ω 1 T 1 + ω 2 T 2

[0128] Where, e 1 is the error of the thermistor sensor, e 2 is the error of the fiber Bragg grating sensor, ω 1 and ω 2 are respectively the first weight of the thermistor sensor and the second weight of the fiber Bragg grating sensor, T 1 is the internal temperature of the nut, T 2 is the surface temperature of the nut, T combined is the comprehensive temperature.

[0129] In this embodiment, S2 is used to determine whether the device temperature is abnormal and give an alarm; among them, by correcting the weights of the sensors, the possible errors or deviations in the measurement process of different sensors can be taken into account, so as to more accurately reflect the true temperature conditions inside and outside the nut. The weighted average method can comprehensively consider the data of the two sensors, reduce the influence of abnormal data of a single sensor on the final result, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall data.

[0130] S3. If the degree to which the temperature correlation coefficient between several sensors in the temperature data deviates from the preset value exceeds the specified range, the temperature measurement nut operates abnormally.

[0131] Step S3 of the embodiment of the present application includes S3.1 to S3.2, specifically:

[0132] S3.1. Based on the data collected by the regional data concentrator, based on the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the surface temperature T 2 of the nut, the correlation difference Coν(T 1 , T 2 ) is calculated according to the correlation measurement formula; among them, the correlation measurement formula specifically refers to the covariance calculation formula, and the correlation difference specifically refers to the covariance of the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the surface temperature T 2 of the nut;

[0133] Based on the standard deviation of the internal temperature of the nut and the standard deviation of the surface temperature of the nut and combined with the correlation difference Coν(T 1 ,T 2 ), the correlation coefficient ρ between the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the surface temperature T 2 of the nut is calculated.

[0134] If the degree to which the correlation coefficient ρ deviates from the preset value exceeds the specified range, the temperature-measuring nut is operating abnormally, specifically:

[0135] If ρ is closer to 1, that is, |ρ - 1| ≤ ε, it indicates that the temperature trends of the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the surface temperature T 2 of the nut are more similar, indicating that the temperature-measuring nut is in a normal working state;

[0136] If ρ deviates more from 1, that is, |ρ - 1| > ε, it indicates that the temperature trends of the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the surface temperature T 2 of the nut are more different, indicating that the temperature-measuring nut is in an abnormal working state, and an alarm signal is triggered; where ε = 0.1 - 0.3.

[0137] The analysis conclusion and key data are transmitted to the remote monitoring center via a 4G / 5G network or Ethernet.

[0138] Among them, assuming that two sensors have made n measurements over time and obtained two sets of data, which are respectively: "T 11 ,T 12 ,T 13 ,…T 1n " and "T 21 ,T 22 ,T 23 ,...T 2n ", then the covariance calculation formula is:

[0139]

[0140] The correlation coefficient is:

[0141]

[0142] For the parameters and respectively, there are:

[0143]

[0144] Among them, T 1 is the average value of T 1 , and T 2is T 2 is the average value of Coν(T 1 , T 2 ), and Coν(T 1 , T 2 ) is the covariance of the internal temperature T T1 of the nut and the surface temperature T T2 of the nut. σ 1 and σ 2 are the standard deviations of the internal temperature T 1i of the nut and the surface temperature T 2i of the nut respectively. T

[0145] This embodiment S3.1 is used to determine whether the temperature-measuring nut is in a normal operating state. Among them, by calculating the correlation difference between the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the nut, the temperature relationship between the two can be quantified, so as to more accurately evaluate the operating state of the temperature-measuring nut. And considering the standard deviations of the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the nut helps to reflect the dispersion degree and stability of the temperature data.

[0146] S3.2. Control the server of the remote monitoring center to receive the data transmitted by the area data concentrator and store it in the database.

[0147] Operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively view the real-time temperature readings, historical data trend charts, temperature field distribution status, and fault warning details of each temperature-measuring nut by using the monitoring platform.

[0148] The monitoring software platform presents the data in various forms such as charts and reports, helping operation and maintenance personnel quickly grasp the operating status of the equipment.

[0149] Once the remote monitoring center receives an alarm signal, the system will immediately send a notification to the operation and maintenance personnel by means of text messages, emails, or mobile applications, etc., so that they can quickly respond and take necessary maintenance measures to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0150] It should be noted that the "nut" in this embodiment refers to the temperature-measuring nut.

[0151] Generally speaking, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0152] The temperature-measuring nut of the present application integrates several sensors. These sensors can work separately or collaboratively to obtain temperature data from different angles and positions. This design not only improves the diversity and richness of temperature data but also provides a more comprehensive basis for subsequent data analysis and anomaly detection. Safety thresholds are preset to determine whether the device temperature is within the normal range. When the temperature data exceeds these thresholds, it can automatically determine that the device is operating abnormally and issue an alarm or trigger corresponding protection mechanisms in a timely manner. In addition to direct temperature data comparison, the operating state of the temperature-measuring nut itself is detected by analyzing the temperature correlation coefficients between several sensors. This correlation coefficient analysis can reveal the consistency and correlation of temperature data between sensors, thereby helping to identify possible faults or anomalies inside the temperature-measuring nut;

[0153] In summary, the present application can form a high thermal conductivity, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant coating on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut, improving the service life of the temperature-measuring nut. Moreover, the coating does not affect the temperature-measuring performance of the temperature-measuring nut, which can improve the accuracy of temperature measurement. Additionally, the present application can achieve real-time online monitoring of the device through a wireless passive temperature-measuring nut, be able to alarm for devices with abnormal temperatures, and determine whether the temperature-measuring nut is operating normally, ensuring the accuracy of temperature measurement.

[0154] Embodiment 2:

[0155] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for monitoring temperature anomalies based on a temperature-measuring nut, including S10 to S30. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0156] S10. Install a temperature-measuring nut on the target device and obtain the temperature of the temperature-measuring nut to obtain temperature data. Among them, several sensors are integrated on the temperature-measuring nut.

[0157] Step S10 of the embodiment of the present application includes S10.1 to S10.5, specifically:

[0158] S10.1. Use A286 stainless steel as the nut body material and leave grooves for installing a multi-temperature measurement unit, an energy collection and conversion module, and a wireless communication module during nut forming to obtain a temperature-measuring nut. Among them, the "temperature-measuring nut" is a sensor device for measuring and monitoring temperature, and the specific number of temperature-measuring nuts can be flexibly determined according to actual application requirements;

[0159] Install the temperature-measuring nut on the target device.

[0160] S10.2. If the installation environment of the temperature-measuring nut has anti-corrosion requirements, perform main body corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant performance treatment on the temperature-measuring nut. Among them, the main body corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant performance treatment includes nut surface pretreatment, coating self-assembly treatment, and purification treatment. Specifically:

[0161] ① Pretreatment of nut surface:

[0162] Place the temperature-measuring nut in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 1%, and soak it in the temperature range of 40°C for 1 hour to cause a hydroxylation reaction on the nut surface and generate abundant hydroxyl functional groups.

[0163] Subsequently, thoroughly rinse the nut with deionized water until the rinse liquid reaches a neutral state.

[0164] Finally, place the nut in an oven and dry it at 80°C for 1 hour for subsequent use.

[0165] ② Coating self-assembly treatment:

[0166] Incorporate silicon carbide and graphene powder into an aqueous solution system containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, and control the mass ratio of silicon carbide, graphene, and surfactant to be 2:2:1. Use an ultrasonic dispersion device to perform ultrasonic treatment on the aqueous solution system for 60 minutes under the power condition of 400W to ensure the uniform dispersion of silicon carbide and graphene in the solution, thereby forming a stable suspension;

[0167] Completely immerse the nut after surface pretreatment in the suspension containing silicon carbide and graphene, and let it stand at room temperature for 12 hours. During this period, silicon carbide and graphene spontaneously assemble on the nut surface through mechanisms such as chemical bonding and electrostatic interaction to form a uniform and dense attachment layer.

[0168] ③ Purification treatment:

[0169] After the coating self-assembly treatment is completed, take the nut out of the solution and rinse it multiple times with deionized water to thoroughly remove the silicon carbide, graphene, and residual surfactant that are not firmly bonded to the nut surface.

[0170] Subsequently, place the nut in a vacuum drying oven and perform a drying treatment at 40°C for 3 hours to promote the further curing and stabilization of the attachment layer, thereby achieving the firm attachment of silicon carbide and graphene on the nut surface.

[0171] Conduct corrosion resistance tests on the nut according to GB / T 10125-2021 "Artificial Atmosphere Corrosion Test Salt Spray Test", and conduct wear resistance tests according to GB / T 12444-2006 "Test Method for Wear of Metallic Materials Ring-on-Block Sliding Wear Test". The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0172] Table 1 Comparison table of test results

[0173]

[0174] As shown above, Table 1 is a comparison table of test results, showing the performance of the temperature-measuring nut (embodiment nut) and the A286 stainless steel nut in this embodiment under different test types.

[0175] In step S10.2 of this embodiment, by performing corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatments on the temperature-measuring nut, the risk of equipment downtime caused by nut failures can be reduced, and the safety of the equipment can be improved. Moreover, since the temperature-measuring nut is an important part of the monitoring system, its reliability and stability directly affect the credibility of the overall monitoring system. Therefore, in an installation environment with anti-corrosion requirements, the specially treated temperature-measuring nut can better adapt to these environments, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of temperature monitoring.

[0176] In the surface pretreatment of the nut, the surface of the temperature-measuring nut after hydroxylation treatment is more uniform, which is beneficial to the uniform deposition of the coating material. A uniform coating can provide better protection, reduce the weak links in the coating, and improve the overall corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

[0177] In the coating self-assembly treatment, through the ultrasonic dispersion preparation method, the silicon carbide and graphene powders in the suspension can be evenly dispersed, avoiding particle agglomeration, which helps to form a uniform adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut, ensuring the consistency of the coating performance.

[0178] In the purification treatment, by rinsing to remove unbound substances, the interface defects between the coating and the substrate can be reduced, which helps to enhance the adhesion between the coating and the substrate of the temperature-measuring nut, ensuring that the coating is not easily peeled off or separated during use. The vacuum drying process can remove the moisture and other volatile substances in the adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut, making the adhesion layer more stable.

[0179] In summary, by performing corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatments on the temperature-measuring nut, a high-thermal-conductivity, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant coating can be formed on the surface of the nut, extending the service life of the temperature-measuring nut, and the coating does not affect the temperature-measuring performance of the temperature-measuring nut, meeting the high-thermal-conductivity requirements of the temperature-measuring nut and ensuring the accuracy of temperature monitoring.

[0180] S10.3. Assemble a thermistor sensor at a position near the thread inside the temperature-measuring nut;

[0181] Assemble a fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG) in the external protection groove of the temperature-measuring nut, and make the fiber Bragg grating sensor surround the external protection groove of the nut body. Among them, the thermistor sensor is the first sensor, and the fiber Bragg grating sensor is the second sensor; both the thermistor sensor and the fiber Bragg grating sensor are integrated in the multi-temperature measurement unit of the temperature-measuring nut.

[0182] In the energy harvesting and conversion module of the temperature-measuring nut, one or more energy acquisition methods such as electromagnetic induction, electric field energy harvesting, or thermal energy conversion are adopted to provide power for the temperature-measuring nut. Specifically: in an AC power system environment, priority is given to obtaining power by electromagnetic induction; in a DC power system environment, the electric field energy harvesting method is preferably selected; and in a non-power facility scenario, the thermal energy conversion method is inclined to be used to obtain power. Moreover, when a single energy acquisition method cannot meet the working requirements of the temperature-measuring nut, two or more energy acquisition methods need to be combined.

[0183] In this embodiment S10.3, the thermistor sensor is located inside the threaded section and can directly measure the actual working temperature of the nut and the threaded connection part, reflecting the thermal state of the connection and ensuring that the temperature change of the device can be quickly and accurately sensed. The fiber Bragg grating sensor is located inside the external protection groove and measures the ambient temperature or surface temperature outside the nut, which can provide temperature information about the external environment; moreover, the fiber Bragg grating sensor is not affected by electromagnetic interference and has extremely high stability and accuracy. Therefore, by combining the data of the two sensors, it is possible to mutually verify and determine whether the nut is in a normal operating state, comprehensively evaluate the temperature conditions of the temperature-measuring nut and its surrounding environment, and improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of temperature monitoring.

[0184] In addition, the thermistor sensor is sensitive to temperature changes and can provide relatively accurate temperature readings, especially suitable for measuring the temperature inside the nut. The fiber Bragg grating sensor has the characteristics of high precision, high stability, and strong anti-interference ability, and is suitable for measuring the surface of the nut or scenarios that require higher-precision measurement. By using these two sensors in combination, they can complement each other and improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall measurement.

[0185] S10.4. Obtain the temperature of the temperature-measuring nut to obtain temperature data including the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the surface temperature T 2 of the nut; among them, the internal temperature of the nut is obtained according to the measurement of the thermistor sensor, and the surface temperature of the nut is obtained according to the measurement of the fiber Bragg grating sensor.

[0186] Based on the wireless communication module of the temperature-measuring nut, one or more technologies such as Bluetooth, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), and LoRa (Long Range, a long-distance wireless communication protocol based on spread spectrum technology) are used to transmit the measured temperature data to several distributed data acquisition terminals. Specifically:

[0187] ① When the number of nuts does not exceed 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is not greater than 30 meters, one or more wireless communication signals such as Bluetooth, RFID, and LoRa can be selected for transmission.

[0188] ② If the number of nuts exceeds 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is no more than 50 meters, one or more wireless communication signals such as RFID and LoRa can be used.

[0189] ③ When the number of nuts exceeds 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is greater than 50 meters, LoRa wireless communication signal should be selected.

[0190] Among them, the wireless communication module is composed of components such as a wireless signal chip, an antenna, and a microcontroller. The wireless signal chip is responsible for the sending processing such as data encoding and modulation, as well as the receiving processing such as signal decoding and demodulation. The antenna is responsible for converting the electrical signal processed by the chip into an electromagnetic wave and emitting it into space, and converting the received electromagnetic wave into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the chip. The microcontroller is responsible for executing the relevant functions of the wireless communication protocol.

[0191] In this embodiment, S10.4 can obtain more comprehensive temperature information by simultaneously measuring the internal and surface temperatures of the nuts, which helps to more accurately understand the thermal state of the temperature-measuring nuts and their surrounding environment, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the operating state of the target device. Moreover, using two different sensors to measure the internal and surface temperatures respectively can, to a certain extent, reduce the impact of single-sensor failure or error on data accuracy.

[0192] S10.5, control several distributed data acquisition terminals to receive the temperature data transmitted from multiple temperature-measuring nuts, and perform a series of preliminary processing on these data; among them, the preliminary processing process includes verifying the integrity of the data, such as checksum verification; eliminating duplicate data to ensure data uniqueness; and securely storing the data in the local storage device;

[0193] Forward the processed data to the regional data concentrator in a timely manner for subsequent processing.

[0194] Control the regional data concentrator to collect the data uploaded by several distributed data acquisition terminals, integrate and analyze the temperature information in the entire region, and depict the temperature distribution of the region based on the positions of the nuts and their corresponding temperature data.

[0195] S20. If the temperature data is not within the preset safety threshold, the target device is operating abnormally.

[0196] Step S20 of this application embodiment is specifically:

[0197] Based on the data collected by the regional data concentrator, the original weight ω of the thermistor sensor is corrected based on the reciprocal of the error a1 and the original weight ω of the fiber Bragg grating sensor a2 , and the first weight ω is obtained respectively1 and the second weight ω 2 ; where ω a1 = 0.6, ω a2 = 0.4;

[0198] Based on the first weight ω 1 and the second weight ω 2 , as well as the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 , the comprehensive temperature T is calculated by means of weighted fusion combined ; where the method of weighted fusion specifically refers to the weighted average method.

[0199] The on-site measured T 1 = 40.8 °C, T 2 = 40.2 °C, then T combined = 40.4 °C; Comparing the comprehensive temperature T combined with the preset normal temperature range [-50, 60], if T combined > 60, there is an abnormality in the equipment operation, or T combined < -50, it means that the external air temperature is too low and the sensor is in a non-ideal working environment. Here, T combined = 40.4 °C, then the target equipment is in a normal working state;

[0200] At the same time, according to the operation specifications of different equipment, set the alarm threshold T alarm , if T combined > T alarm , then trigger an alarm signal and transmit the analysis conclusion and key data to the remote monitoring center via 4G / 5G network or Ethernet.

[0201] Among them, it is known that the error of the thermistor sensor is ±0.5 °C, and the error of the fiber Bragg grating sensor is ±0.3 °C. Then the first weight and the second weight are respectively:

[0202]

[0203] For the first weight and the second weight, there is:

[0204] ω 1 + ω 2 = 1

[0205] The on-site measured T 1 = 40.8 °C, T 2 = 40.2 °C, then the comprehensive temperature is:

[0206] T combined = ω 1 T 1 + ω 2 T2 = 40.4 °C

[0207] wherein, e 1 is the error of the thermistor sensor, e 2 is the error of the fiber Bragg grating sensor, ω 1 and ω 2 are the first weight of the thermistor sensor and the second weight of the fiber Bragg grating sensor respectively, T 1 is the internal temperature of the nut, T 2 is the surface temperature of the nut, T combined is the comprehensive temperature.

[0208] In this embodiment, S20 is used to determine whether the device temperature is abnormal and give an alarm; wherein, by correcting the weights of the sensors, the possible errors or deviations of different sensors during the measurement process can be taken into account, so as to more accurately reflect the true temperature conditions inside and outside the nut. The weighted average method can comprehensively consider the data of the two sensors, reduce the influence of abnormal data of a single sensor on the final result, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall data.

[0209] S30. If the degree of deviation of the temperature correlation coefficient between several sensors in the temperature data from the preset value exceeds the specified range, the temperature-measuring nut runs abnormally.

[0210] Step S30 of the embodiment of the present application includes S30.1 to S30.2, specifically:

[0211] S30.1. Based on the data collected by the regional data concentrator, based on the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 , the correlation difference Coν(T 1 , T 2 ) is calculated according to the correlation measurement formula; wherein, the correlation measurement formula specifically refers to the covariance calculation formula, and the correlation difference specifically refers to the covariance of the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 ;

[0212] Based on the standard deviation of the internal temperature of the nut and the standard deviation of the surface temperature of the nut and combined with the correlation difference Coν(T 1 , T 2 ), the correlation coefficient ρ between the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 is calculated.

[0213] If the degree of deviation of the correlation coefficient ρ from the preset value exceeds the specified range, the temperature-measuring nut runs abnormally, specifically:

[0214] If ρ is closer to 1, that is, |ρ - 1| ≤ ε, it indicates that the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 have more similar temperature trends, indicating that the temperature-controlled nut is in a normal working state;

[0215] If ρ deviates more from 1, that is, |ρ - 1| > ε, it indicates that the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 have a greater difference in temperature trends, indicating that the temperature-measuring nut is in an abnormal working state, and then an alarm signal is triggered; where ε = 0.1 - 0.3.

[0216] The analysis conclusions and key data are transmitted to the remote monitoring center via 4G / 5G network or Ethernet.

[0217] Among them, assuming that the two sensors have made n measurements over time and obtained two sets of data, which are: "T 11 , T 12 , T 13 , … T 1n " and "T 21 , T 22 , T 23 ,... T 2n ", then the covariance calculation formula is:

[0218]

[0219] The correlation coefficient is:

[0220]

[0221] For the parameters and respectively, there are:

[0222]

[0223] Among them, is the average value of T 1 , is the average value of T 2 , Coν(T 1 , T 2 ) is the covariance of the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 , and are the standard deviations of the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 respectively, T 1i and T 2iThey are the parameters in the above two groups of data respectively, and n is the number of measurements.

[0224] In this embodiment, S30.1 is used to determine whether the temperature-measuring nut is in a normal operating state; among them, by calculating the correlation difference between the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the nut, the temperature relationship between the two can be quantified, so as to more accurately evaluate the operating state of the temperature-measuring nut. Moreover, considering the standard deviations of the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the nut helps to reflect the dispersion degree and stability of the temperature data.

[0225] S30.2: Control the server of the remote monitoring center to receive the data transmitted by the area data concentrator and store it in the database.

[0226] Using the monitoring platform, the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively view the real-time temperature readings, historical data trend charts, temperature field distribution conditions, and fault warning details of each temperature-measuring nut.

[0227] The monitoring software platform presents the data in various forms such as charts and reports, helping the operation and maintenance personnel quickly grasp the operating conditions of the equipment.

[0228] Once the remote monitoring center receives an alarm signal, the system will immediately send notifications to the operation and maintenance personnel via text messages, emails, or mobile applications, etc., so that they can respond quickly and take necessary maintenance measures to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0229] It should be noted that the "nut" in this embodiment refers to the temperature-measuring nut.

[0230] Overall, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0231] Several sensors are integrated in the temperature-measuring nut of this application. These sensors can work separately or collaboratively to obtain temperature data from different angles and positions. This design not only improves the diversity and richness of temperature data but also provides a more comprehensive basis for subsequent data analysis and anomaly detection. Safety thresholds are preset to determine whether the equipment temperature is within the normal range. When the temperature data exceeds these thresholds, it can automatically determine that the equipment is operating abnormally and issue an alarm or trigger a corresponding protection mechanism in a timely manner. In addition to direct temperature data comparison, the operating state of the temperature-measuring nut itself is detected by analyzing the temperature correlation coefficients between several sensors. This correlation coefficient analysis can reveal the consistency and correlation of temperature data between sensors, thus helping to identify possible faults or anomalies inside the temperature-measuring nut;

[0232] In summary, the present application can form a high thermal conductivity, corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut, improving the service life of the temperature-measuring nut, and the coating does not affect the temperature-measuring performance of the temperature-measuring nut, which can improve the accuracy of temperature measurement; moreover, the present application can realize real-time online monitoring of equipment through the wireless passive temperature-measuring nut, can alarm for equipment with abnormal temperature, and can judge whether the temperature-measuring nut is in a normal operating state, ensuring the accuracy of the measured temperature.

[0233] Embodiment Three:

[0234] Please refer to Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present application provides a temperature-measuring nut device, including a data module 10, an equipment module 20, and a nut module 30;

[0235] Among them, the data module 10 is used to install a temperature-measuring nut on a target device and obtain the temperature of the temperature-measuring nut to obtain temperature data; among them, several sensors are integrated on the temperature-measuring nut;

[0236] The equipment module 20 is used to determine that the target device is operating abnormally if the temperature data is not within a preset safety threshold;

[0237] The nut module 30 is used to determine that the temperature-measuring nut is operating abnormally if the degree of deviation of the temperature correlation coefficient between several sensors in the temperature data from a preset value exceeds a specified range.

[0238] In one embodiment, the data module 10 includes an installation unit, an anti-corrosion unit, a first unit, a second unit, a collection unit, a temperature measurement unit, a communication unit, and an integration unit;

[0239] Among them, the installation unit is used to install a temperature-measuring nut on a target device; among them, the "temperature-measuring nut" is a sensor device for measuring and monitoring temperature, and the specific number of temperature-measuring nuts can be flexibly determined according to actual application requirements.

[0240] The anti-corrosion unit is used to perform main body corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant performance treatment on the temperature-measuring nut if the installation environment of the temperature-measuring nut has anti-corrosion requirements; among them, the main body corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant performance treatment includes nut surface pretreatment, coating self-assembly treatment, and purification treatment, specifically:

[0241] ① Nut surface pretreatment:

[0242] Place the temperature-measuring nut in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1% to 3%, soak it in the temperature range of 40°C to 80°C for 0.5 hour to 5 hours, so that hydroxylation reaction occurs on the nut surface to generate rich hydroxyl functional groups.

[0243] Subsequently, thoroughly rinse the nut with deionized water until the rinse liquid reaches a neutral state.

[0244] Finally, the nuts are placed in an oven and dried at a temperature of 80° C. to 100° C. for 1 to 2 hours for subsequent use.

[0245] ②Coating self-assembly treatment:

[0246] The silicon carbide and graphene powders are dissolved in an aqueous solution system containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of silicon carbide, graphene and surfactant is controlled within the range of 1-3:2-5:1. The aqueous solution system is ultrasonically treated for 60-90 minutes at a power of 300-600W using an ultrasonic dispersion device to ensure that the silicon carbide and graphene are uniformly dispersed in the solution, thereby forming a stable suspension;

[0247] The nut after surface pretreatment is fully immersed in a suspension containing silicon carbide and graphene and left at room temperature for 12 to 24 hours. During this period, silicon carbide and graphene spontaneously assemble on the surface of the nut to form a uniform and dense adhesion layer through chemical bonding and electrostatic interaction.

[0248] ③Purification treatment:

[0249] After the coating self-assembly treatment is completed, the nut is taken out of the solution and rinsed multiple times with deionized water to completely remove the silicon carbide, graphene and residual surfactant that are not firmly bonded to the surface of the nut.

[0250] Subsequently, the nut is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature range of 40°C to 60°C for 2 to 4 hours to promote further solidification and stabilization of the adhesion layer, thereby achieving firm adhesion of silicon carbide and graphene on the surface of the nut.

[0251] The anti-corrosion unit of this embodiment can reduce the risk of equipment downtime caused by nut failure and improve the safety of the equipment by treating the temperature measuring nut for corrosion resistance and wear resistance. In addition, since the temperature measuring nut is an important part of the monitoring system, its reliability and stability directly affect the credibility of the overall monitoring system. Therefore, in the installation environment with anti-corrosion requirements, the temperature measuring nut that has been specially treated can better adapt to these environments and ensure the accuracy and reliability of temperature monitoring;

[0252] In the nut surface pretreatment, the surface of the temperature-measured nut after hydroxylation treatment is more uniform, which is conducive to the uniform deposition of the coating material. The uniform coating can provide better protection, reduce the weak links in the coating, and improve the overall corrosion resistance and wear resistance;

[0253] In the coating self-assembly process, through the ultrasonic dispersion preparation method, the silicon carbide and graphene powders in the suspension can be evenly dispersed, avoiding particle agglomeration, which helps to form a uniform adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut and ensures the consistency of the coating performance;

[0254] In the purification process, the unbound substances are removed by rinsing, which can reduce the interfacial defects between the coating and the substrate, helping to enhance the adhesion between the coating and the temperature-measuring nut substrate and ensuring that the coating is not easily peeled off or separated during use. The vacuum drying process can remove the moisture and other volatile substances in the adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut, making the adhesion layer more stable;

[0255] In summary, by treating the temperature-measuring nut for corrosion resistance and wear resistance, a high thermal conductivity, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant coating can be formed on the surface of the nut, extending the service life of the temperature-measuring nut. Moreover, the coating does not affect the temperature-measuring performance of the temperature-measuring nut, can meet the high thermal conductivity requirements of the temperature-measuring nut, and ensures the accuracy of temperature monitoring.

[0256] The first unit is used to assemble a thermistor sensor at a position near the thread inside the temperature-measuring nut;

[0257] The second unit is used to assemble a fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG) in the external protection groove of the temperature-measuring nut and make the fiber Bragg grating sensor surround the external protection groove of the nut body. Among them, the thermistor sensor is the first sensor, and the fiber Bragg grating sensor is the second sensor; both the thermistor sensor and the fiber Bragg grating sensor are integrated in the multi-temperature measurement unit of the temperature-measuring nut.

[0258] The acquisition unit is used to provide power for the temperature-measuring nut in the energy acquisition and conversion module of the temperature-measuring nut by using one or more energy acquisition methods such as electromagnetic induction, electric field energy acquisition, or thermal energy conversion. Specifically: in an AC power system environment, priority is given to taking power by electromagnetic induction; in a DC power system environment, the electric field energy acquisition method is preferably selected; and in a non-power facility scenario, the thermal energy conversion method is inclined to be used to take power. Moreover, when a single energy acquisition method cannot meet the working requirements of the temperature-measuring nut, two or more energy acquisition methods need to be combined.

[0259] In the first unit, second unit, and acquisition unit of this embodiment, the thermistor sensor is located inside the threaded section and can directly measure the actual working temperature of the nut and the threaded connection part, reflecting the thermal state of the connection and ensuring that the temperature change of the device can be quickly and accurately sensed. The fiber Bragg grating sensor is located inside the external protection groove and measures the ambient temperature or surface temperature outside the nut, capable of providing temperature information about the external environment. Moreover, the fiber Bragg grating sensor is not affected by electromagnetic interference and has extremely high stability and accuracy. Therefore, by combining the data of the two sensors, it is possible to mutually verify and determine whether the nut is in a normal operating state, comprehensively evaluate the temperature conditions of the temperature-measuring nut and its surrounding environment, and improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of temperature monitoring.

[0260] In addition, the thermistor sensor is sensitive to temperature changes and can provide relatively accurate temperature readings, especially suitable for measuring the temperature inside the nut. The fiber Bragg grating sensor features high precision, high stability, and strong anti-interference ability, and is suitable for measuring the surface of the nut or scenarios that require higher-precision measurements. By using these two sensors in combination, they can complement each other and improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall measurement.

[0261] A temperature measurement unit for obtaining the temperature of the temperature-measuring nut and obtaining temperature data including the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the surface temperature T 2 of the nut; among them, the internal temperature of the nut is obtained based on the measurement of the thermistor sensor, and the surface temperature of the nut is obtained based on the measurement of the fiber Bragg grating sensor.

[0262] A communication unit for using one or more of the technologies of Bluetooth, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), and LoRa (Long Range, a long-distance wireless communication protocol based on spread spectrum technology) based on the wireless communication module of the temperature-measuring nut to transmit the measured temperature data to a number of distributed data acquisition terminals. Specifically:

[0263] ① When the number of nuts does not exceed 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is not greater than 30 meters, one or more wireless communication signals of Bluetooth, RFID, and LoRa can be selected for transmission.

[0264] ② If the number of nuts exceeds 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is not greater than 50 meters, one or more wireless communication signals of RFID and LoRa can be used.

[0265] ③ When the number of nuts exceeds 7 and the distance between the two farthest nuts is greater than 50 meters, the LoRa wireless communication signal should be selected.

[0266] Among them, the wireless communication module is composed of components such as a wireless signal chip, an antenna, and a microcontroller. The wireless signal chip is responsible for the transmission processing such as data encoding and modulation, as well as the reception processing such as signal decoding and demodulation. The antenna is responsible for converting the electrical signal processed by the chip into an electromagnetic wave and transmitting it into space, and converting the received electromagnetic wave into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the chip. The microcontroller is responsible for executing the relevant functions of the wireless communication protocol.

[0267] In this embodiment, the temperature measurement unit and the communication unit can obtain more comprehensive temperature information by simultaneously measuring the temperature inside and on the surface of the nut, which helps to more accurately understand the thermal state of the temperature measurement nut and its surrounding environment, thereby more comprehensively evaluating the operating state of the target device. Moreover, using two different sensors to measure the internal and surface temperatures respectively can, to a certain extent, reduce the impact of single sensor failure or error on data accuracy.

[0268] The integration unit is used to control several distributed data acquisition terminals to receive the temperature data transmitted from multiple temperature measurement nuts and perform a series of preliminary processing on these data; among them, the preliminary processing process includes verifying the integrity of the data, such as checksum verification; eliminating duplicate data to ensure data uniqueness; and securely storing the data in the local storage device;

[0269] The integration unit is also used to forward the processed data to the regional data concentrator in a timely manner for subsequent processing.

[0270] The integration unit is also used to control the regional data concentrator to collect the data uploaded by several distributed data acquisition terminals, integrate and analyze the temperature information in the entire region, and depict the temperature distribution of the region based on the positions of the nuts and their corresponding temperature data.

[0271] In one embodiment, the device module 20 includes a weight unit, a temperature unit, and a judgment unit;

[0272] Among them, the weight unit is used to, based on the data collected by the regional data concentrator, correct the original weight ω of the thermistor sensor and the original weight ω of the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the reciprocal of the error, and respectively obtain the first weight ω and the second weight ω; a1 and the original weight ω of the fiber Bragg grating sensor a2 , and respectively obtain the first weight ω 1 and the second weight ω 2 ;

[0273] The temperature unit is used to calculate the comprehensive temperature T through weighted fusion based on the first weight ω and the second weight ω, as well as the internal temperature T of the nut and the surface temperature T of the nut. 1 and the second weight ω 2 , as well as the internal temperature T of the nut 1 and the surface temperature T of the nut 2 , and calculate the comprehensive temperature T combined; Among them, the weighted fusion method specifically refers to the weighted average method.

[0274] A judgment unit for comparing the comprehensive temperature T combined with the preset normal temperature range [T min , T max . If T combined > T max or T combined < T min , it indicates that the target device is operating abnormally. Then, mark the temperature data as abnormal and set the abnormal flag bit.

[0275] Meanwhile, according to the operating specifications of different devices, set the alarm threshold T alarm . If T combined > T alarm , trigger an alarm signal and transmit the analysis conclusion and key data to the remote monitoring center via 4G / 5G network or Ethernet.

[0276] Among them, the first weight is:

[0277]

[0278] The second weight is:

[0279]

[0280] For the first weight and the second weight, there is:

[0281] ω 1 + ω 2 = 1

[0282] The comprehensive temperature is:

[0283] T combined = ω 1 T 1 + ω 2 T 2

[0284] Among them, e 1 is the error of the thermistor sensor, e 2 is the error of the fiber Bragg grating sensor, ω 1 and ω 2 are respectively the first weight of the thermistor sensor and the second weight of the fiber Bragg grating sensor, T 1 is the internal temperature of the nut, T 2 is the surface temperature of the nut, T combined is the comprehensive temperature.

[0285] The device module 20 in this embodiment is used to determine whether the device temperature is abnormal and give an alarm; among them, by correcting the weights of the sensors, the possible errors or deviations in the measurement process of different sensors can be taken into account, so as to more accurately reflect the true temperature conditions inside and outside the nut. The weighted average method can comprehensively consider the data of the two sensors, reduce the influence of abnormal data of a single sensor on the final result, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall data.

[0286] In one embodiment, the nut module 30 includes a difference unit, a coefficient unit, a comparison unit, a transmission unit, and a monitoring unit;

[0287] Among them, the difference unit is used to calculate the correlation difference Coν(T 1 and the nut surface temperature T 2 based on the data collected by the regional data concentrator according to the correlation measurement formula; among them, the correlation measurement formula specifically refers to the covariance calculation formula, and the correlation difference specifically refers to the covariance of the nut internal temperature T 1 and the nut surface temperature T 2 ); 1 and the nut surface temperature T 2 ;

[0288] The coefficient unit is used to calculate the correlation coefficient ρ between the nut internal temperature T T1 and the nut surface temperature standard deviation σ T2 in combination with the correlation difference Coν(T 1 , T 2 ); 1 and the nut surface temperature T 2 ;

[0289] The comparison unit is used to determine that the temperature measurement nut is operating abnormally if the degree of deviation of the correlation coefficient ρ from the preset value exceeds the specified range, specifically:

[0290] If ρ is closer to 1, that is, |ρ - 1| ≤ ε, it means that the temperature trends of the nut internal temperature T 1 and the nut surface temperature T 2 are more similar, indicating that the temperature measurement nut is in a normal working state;

[0291] If ρ is more deviated from 1, that is, |ρ - 1| > ε, it means that the temperature trends of the nut internal temperature T 1 and the nut surface temperature T 2 are more different, indicating that the temperature measurement nut is in an abnormal working state, and then trigger an alarm signal; where ε = 0.1 - 0.3.

[0292] A transmission unit for transmitting the analysis conclusion and key data to a remote monitoring center via a 4G / 5G network or Ethernet.

[0293] Suppose two sensors have made n measurements over time, obtaining two sets of data, namely: "T 11 ,T 12 ,T 13 ,…T 1n " and "T 21 ,T 22 ,T 23 ,...T 2n ", then the covariance calculation formula is:

[0294]

[0295] The correlation coefficient is:

[0296]

[0297] For the parameters and , there are respectively:

[0298]

[0299] Among them, is the average value of T 1 , is the average value of T 2 , Coν(T 1 ,T 2 ) is the covariance of the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the surface temperature T 2 of the nut, and are respectively the standard deviation of the internal temperature T 1 of the nut and the standard deviation of the surface temperature T 2 of the nut, T 1i and T 2i are respectively the parameters in the above two sets of data, and n is the number of measurements.

[0300] The difference unit, coefficient unit, comparison unit and transmission unit in this embodiment are used to determine whether the temperature-measuring nut is in a normal operating state; among them, by calculating the correlation difference between the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the nut, the temperature relationship between the two can be quantified, so as to more accurately evaluate the operating state of the temperature-measuring nut. And considering the standard deviations of the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the nut helps to reflect the dispersion degree and stability of the temperature data.

[0301] A monitoring unit for controlling the server of the remote monitoring center to receive the data transmitted by the regional data concentrator and store it in the database.

[0302] The monitoring unit is also used to enable the operation and maintenance personnel to intuitively view the real-time temperature readings, historical data trend charts, temperature field distribution status, and details of fault warnings of each temperature-measuring nut by using the monitoring platform.

[0303] The monitoring unit is also used to present data in various forms such as charts and reports by the monitoring software platform, helping the operation and maintenance personnel quickly grasp the operation status of the equipment.

[0304] The monitoring unit is also used that once the remote monitoring center receives an alarm signal, the system will immediately send notifications to the operation and maintenance personnel by means of text messages, emails, mobile applications, etc., so that they can respond quickly and take necessary maintenance measures to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0305] It should be noted that the "nut" in this embodiment refers to the temperature-measuring nut.

[0306] Overall, this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0307] In the temperature-measuring nut of the present application, a number of sensors are integrated. These sensors can work separately or cooperatively to obtain temperature data from different angles and positions. This design not only improves the diversity and richness of temperature data, but also provides a more comprehensive basis for subsequent data analysis and anomaly detection. Safety thresholds are preset to judge whether the equipment temperature is within the normal range. When the temperature data exceeds these thresholds, it can automatically judge that the equipment is operating abnormally and issue an alarm or trigger a corresponding protection mechanism in a timely manner. In addition to direct temperature data comparison, the operating status of the temperature-measuring nut itself is also detected by analyzing the temperature correlation coefficients between a number of sensors. This correlation coefficient analysis can reveal the consistency and correlation of temperature data between sensors, thereby helping to identify possible faults or anomalies inside the temperature-measuring nut;

[0308] In summary, the present application can form a high thermal conductivity, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant coating on the surface of the temperature-measuring nut, improving the service life of the temperature-measuring nut, and the coating does not affect the temperature-measuring performance of the temperature-measuring nut, which can improve the accuracy of temperature measurement; moreover, the present application can realize real-time online monitoring of equipment through wireless passive temperature-measuring nuts, be able to alarm temperature-abnormal equipment, and judge whether the temperature-measuring nut is in a normal operating state, ensuring the accuracy of temperature measurement.

[0309] Embodiment 4:

[0310] The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program runs, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the temperature anomaly monitoring method described above;

[0311] Among them, for the temperature anomaly monitoring method, when it is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, to implement all or part of the processes in the above-described embodiment methods of the present invention, it can also be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-described various method embodiments can be implemented. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disc, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal, and software distribution medium, etc.

[0312] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring abnormal temperature, characterized in that: include: Install a temperature measuring nut on the target device, and obtain the temperature of the temperature measuring nut to obtain temperature data; wherein the temperature measuring nut is integrated with a plurality of sensors; If the temperature data is not within the preset safety threshold, the target device operates abnormally; If the degree to which the temperature correlation coefficient between the several sensors in the temperature data deviates from the preset value exceeds a specified range, the temperature measuring nut operates abnormally.

2. A temperature anomaly monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature data includes the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut; The internal temperature of the nut is measured by a first sensor, and the surface temperature of the nut is measured by a second sensor.

3. A temperature anomaly monitoring method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: If the temperature data is not within the preset safety threshold, the target device operates abnormally, specifically: Correcting the weight of the first sensor and the weight of the second sensor to obtain a first weight and a second weight, respectively; Based on the first weight and the second weight, as well as the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut, a comprehensive temperature is calculated by weighted fusion; If the comprehensive temperature is not within the safety threshold, the target device operates abnormally.

4. A temperature anomaly monitoring method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: If the temperature correlation coefficient between the several sensors in the temperature data deviates from the preset value to an extent beyond the prescribed range, the temperature measuring nut operates abnormally, specifically: Based on the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut, a correlation difference is calculated according to a correlation measurement formula; According to the standard deviation of the internal temperature of the nut and the standard deviation of the surface temperature of the nut, and in combination with the correlation difference, a correlation coefficient between the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut is calculated; If the correlation coefficient deviates from the preset value to an extent exceeding the specified range, the temperature measuring nut operates abnormally.

5. A method for monitoring abnormal temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the installation environment of the temperature measuring nut has anti-corrosion requirements, the temperature measuring nut is subjected to corrosion and wear resistance treatment; The main body corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatment includes nut surface pretreatment, coating self-assembly treatment and purification treatment.

6. A temperature anomaly monitoring method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The surface pretreatment of the nut is specifically as follows: Immersing the temperature measuring nut in a preset solution to hydroxylate the surface of the temperature measuring nut; Rinse the temperature measuring nut until the rinse liquid of the temperature measuring nut is neutral.

7. A temperature anomaly monitoring method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The coating self-assembly process is specifically: Silicon carbide and graphene powders are added into an aqueous solution containing a surfactant and prepared into a suspension by ultrasonic dispersion; The temperature measuring nut is immersed in the suspension, and a uniform adhesion layer is formed on the surface of the nut through chemical bonding and electrostatic action.

8. A method for monitoring temperature anomaly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The purification process is specifically: After the coating self-assembly process is completed, the unbound substances on the surface of the temperature measuring nut are washed away, and the adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature measuring nut is stabilized by vacuum drying.

9. A method for monitoring temperature anomaly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several sensors are integrated on the temperature measuring nut, specifically: A first sensor is installed inside the threaded section of the temperature measuring nut; A second sensor is installed in the outer protective groove of the temperature measuring nut.

10. A method for monitoring temperature anomaly according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The first sensor is a thermistor sensor, and the second sensor is a fiber Bragg grating sensor.

11. A temperature measuring nut device, characterized in that: Includes data module, equipment module and nut module; The data module is used to install a temperature measuring nut on the target device, and obtain the temperature of the temperature measuring nut to obtain temperature data; wherein a plurality of sensors are integrated on the temperature measuring nut; The device module is used to indicate that the target device is operating abnormally if the temperature data is not within a preset safety threshold; The nut module is used to determine that the temperature measuring nut operates abnormally if the degree to which the temperature correlation coefficient between the several sensors in the temperature data deviates from the preset value exceeds a specified range.

12. A temperature measuring nut device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The temperature data includes the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut; The internal temperature of the nut is measured by a first sensor, and the surface temperature of the nut is measured by a second sensor.

13. A temperature measuring nut device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The equipment module includes a weight unit, a temperature unit and a judgment unit; The weight unit is used to modify the weight of the first sensor and the weight of the second sensor to obtain a first weight and a second weight respectively; The temperature unit is used to calculate the comprehensive temperature by weighted fusion based on the first weight and the second weight, the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut; The judgment unit is used to determine that the target device operates abnormally if the comprehensive temperature is not within the safety threshold.

14. A temperature measuring nut device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The nut module includes a difference unit, a coefficient unit and a comparison unit; Wherein, the difference unit is used to calculate the correlation difference amount according to the correlation measurement formula based on the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut; The coefficient unit is used to calculate the correlation coefficient between the internal temperature of the nut and the surface temperature of the nut according to the standard deviation of the internal temperature of the nut and the standard deviation of the surface temperature of the nut and in combination with the correlation difference; The comparison unit is used to indicate that the temperature measuring nut is operating abnormally if the correlation coefficient deviates from the preset value to an extent exceeding the specified range.

15. A temperature measuring nut device according to claim 11, characterized in that: If the installation environment of the temperature measuring nut has anti-corrosion requirements, the temperature measuring nut is subjected to corrosion and wear resistance treatment; The main body corrosion resistance and wear resistance treatment includes nut surface pretreatment, coating self-assembly treatment and purification treatment.

16. A temperature measuring nut device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The surface pretreatment of the nut is specifically as follows: Immersing the temperature measuring nut in a preset solution to hydroxylate the surface of the temperature measuring nut; Rinse the temperature measuring nut until the rinse liquid of the temperature measuring nut is neutral.

17. A temperature measuring nut device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The coating self-assembly process is specifically: Silicon carbide and graphene powders are added into an aqueous solution containing a surfactant and prepared into a suspension by ultrasonic dispersion; The temperature measuring nut is immersed in the suspension, and a uniform adhesion layer is formed on the surface of the nut through chemical bonding and electrostatic action.

18. A temperature measuring nut device as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that: The purification process is specifically: After the coating self-assembly process is completed, the unbound substances on the surface of the temperature measuring nut are washed away, and the adhesion layer on the surface of the temperature measuring nut is stabilized by vacuum drying.

19. A temperature measuring nut device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The data module includes a first unit and a second unit; Wherein, the first unit is used to assemble a first sensor inside the threaded section of the temperature measuring nut; The second unit is used to assemble a second sensor in the outer protection groove of the temperature measuring nut.

20. A temperature measuring nut device according to any one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that: The first sensor is a thermistor sensor, and the second sensor is a fiber Bragg grating sensor.

21. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, which is called and executed by a computer to implement a temperature anomaly monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 above.

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