Soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring. The soil sampling device comprises a mounting frame, a motor, a driving shaft, a transmission mechanism, a sampling barrel and a rotary cutting mechanism, at least two insertion rods are circumferentially fixed at the lower end of the mounting frame, the two insertion rods are inserted into the periphery of soil to be sampled and are used for fixing the mounting frame, the motor is fixed at the upper end of the mounting frame, the driving shaft is fixed at the output end of the motor, the transmission mechanism is arranged below the driving shaft, the sampling barrel is arranged below the transmission mechanism, and the sampling barrel is arranged below the transmission mechanism. The rotary cutting mechanism is arranged in the sampling barrel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, and particularly relates to a soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring and a sampling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ecological monitoring refers to using physical, chemical, biochemical, ecological and other technical means to monitor and test various elements in the ecological environment, the interaction between organisms and the environment, and the structure and function of the ecosystem. When conducting ecological monitoring, it is necessary to sample the soil at the corresponding area to perform corresponding detections on the soil and achieve accurate analysis of the soil environment.

[0003] Existing soil sampling devices usually require a drilling motor and a hydraulic rod to push for drilling and sampling. This method requires two driving sources, resulting in high sampling costs. Moreover, during sampling, the sampling cylinder cannot completely obtain soil samples at a specific depth below the horizon, resulting in insufficient accuracy of subsequent monitoring results.

[0004] Therefore, it is very necessary to invent a soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims at the above problems and provides a soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring, which solves the problem of insufficient sample integrity.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: It includes a mounting frame, a motor, a drive shaft, a transmission mechanism, a sampling cylinder and a rotary cutting mechanism. At least two insertion rods are circumferentially fixed at the lower end of the mounting frame, and the two insertion rods are inserted around the soil to be sampled for fixing the mounting frame. The motor is fixed at the upper end of the mounting frame, the drive shaft is fixed at the output end of the motor, the transmission mechanism is arranged below the drive shaft, the sampling cylinder is arranged below the transmission mechanism, and the rotary cutting mechanism is arranged inside the sampling cylinder.

[0007] Further, as a preference, the transmission mechanism includes a gear box, a worm, a rotating shaft, a worm wheel, a spur gear, a rack and a sliding plate. The gear box is fixed on the mounting frame. The upper and lower ends of the worm rotate through the centers of the upper and lower ends of the gear box, and the worm is fixed at the lower end of the drive shaft. The front and rear ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably sleeved inside the front and rear side walls of the gear box. The worm wheel is fixed on the rotating shaft and meshes with the worm. The spur gear is fixed on the rotating shaft. The rack slides through the upper side wall of the gear box, and the rack meshes with the spur gear. Guide grooves are symmetrically formed on the mounting frame. Guide blocks are fixed at both ends of the sliding plate, and the two guide blocks are respectively slidably arranged in the two guide grooves, and the sliding plate is fixed at the lower end of the rack.

[0008] Further, preferably, the transmission mechanism further includes a connecting shaft, a sliding key, a first push-pull rod, a second push-pull rod, a limiting block and a ball sleeve; the connecting shaft is fixed to the lower end of the worm, a chute is formed inwardly on the side wall of the connecting shaft, the sliding key is slidably disposed through the chute, at least two first push-pull rods are circumferentially arranged and are respectively fixed to the lower end surface of the sliding plate, a buffer groove is formed in the lower end of the first push-pull rod, at least two second push-pull rods are provided, the upper end of the second push-pull rod slidably penetrates through the first push-pull rod and is slidably disposed in the buffer groove, at least two limiting blocks are provided and are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the two second push-pull rods, and the side wall of the limiting block is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the buffer groove, an annular groove is formed on the upper end surface of the sampling cylinder, the cross section of the annular groove is in a superior arc shape, at least two ball sleeves are provided and are respectively fixed to the lower ends of the two second push-pull rods, and the ball sleeves are slidably disposed in the annular groove.

[0009] Further, preferably, the rotary cutting mechanism includes a central shaft, a linkage shaft, a connecting rod and an arc-shaped knife; the central shaft is fixed to the lower end of the sliding key and is coaxially arranged with the connecting shaft, a through groove is formed at the center of the upper end of the sampling cylinder, the central shaft is rotatably disposed through the through groove, a clamping groove is fixed on the side wall of the central shaft, a clamping ring is fixed on the inner wall of the through groove, and the clamping ring is sleeved and rotatably disposed in the clamping groove, an annular groove one is formed on the inner wall of the upper end of the sampling cylinder, an annular groove two is formed on the inner wall of the lower end of the sampling cylinder, a plurality of built-in holes are circumferentially formed between the lower end wall of the annular groove one and the upper end wall of the annular groove two, a plurality of linkage shafts are circumferentially arranged and are respectively rotatably disposed in the plurality of built-in holes, and both ends of the linkage shaft are respectively in rotational contact with the upper end wall of the annular groove one and the lower end wall of the annular groove two, a plurality of connecting rods are circumferentially arranged, one end of each of them is connected to the side wall of the linkage shaft in the annular groove one by a spherical hinge, and the other end of each of them is connected to the side wall of the central shaft by a spherical hinge, and a plurality of arc-shaped knives are circumferentially arranged and are respectively fixed on the linkage shafts in the annular groove two.

[0010] Further, preferably, the lower end of the sampling cylinder is configured as a sawtooth.

[0011] The sampling method of the present invention is as follows: S1: First, the motor drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise. In the initial stage of rotation, the first push-pull rod moves downward relative to the second push-pull rod. During this period, the sampling cylinder remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this period, since the back of the arc-shaped knife at the lower end of the linkage shaft is completely blocked by the inner wall of the annular groove two, the central shaft cannot drive the linkage shaft to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting rod. Therefore, when the central shaft rotates clockwise, the central shaft can transfer the torsional force to the linkage shaft through the connecting rod, so that the linkage shaft generates a squeezing force on the inner wall of the built-in hole. Therefore, the linkage shaft will drive the sampling cylinder to rotate clockwise around the center. When the first push-pull rod and the second push-pull rod move downward synchronously, the sampling cylinder can perform spiral drilling; S2: When the sampling cylinder drills to the upper position of the sample below the ground plane, the motor drives the drive shaft to rotate counterclockwise. At the initial stage of rotation, push rod 1 moves upward relative to push rod 2, and the sampling cylinder remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this process, the central shaft drives the linkage shaft to rotate clockwise by 90° through the connecting rod. Since the connecting rod limits the central shaft and the linkage shaft, the linkage shaft cannot rotate clockwise in the built-in hole. At this time, the tip of the arc-shaped knife is exactly blocked by the inner wall of the second annular groove; S3: After the arc-shaped knife rotates 90°, the motor drives the drive shaft to rotate clockwise, and then repeat the operation of S1; S4: When the sampling cylinder drills to the lower position of the sample below the ground plane, the motor drives the drive shaft to rotate counterclockwise, and then repeat the operation of S2; S5: Finally, the motor continues to drive the drive shaft to rotate counterclockwise, and the sampling cylinder can move upward in a spiral manner. During this period, multiple arc-shaped knives lift the bottom of the soil sample and move upward synchronously with the sampling cylinder to facilitate the complete extraction of the target sample.

[0012] Advantages of the present invention: Through the application of the transmission mechanism and the rotary cutting mechanism, on the one hand, using one motor can achieve the spiral drilling of the sampling cylinder, reducing the cost investment; on the other hand, multiple arc-shaped knives can accurately cut the soil sample at the target depth, making the obtained sample have good integrity. At the same time, when the sample is taken out, multiple arc-shaped knives can lift the bottom of the cut sample to facilitate the complete extraction of the sample.

[0013] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The following will refer to the drawings to further elaborate on the present invention in detail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the upper half structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 is the lower half structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 is the enlarged view at A of the present invention; Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the rotary cutting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 is the connection schematic diagram of the sliding key and the central shaft of the present invention; Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the upper half structure of the rotary cutting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic top view of the cross-section of the sampling cylinder of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the lower half structure of the rotary cutting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a diagram showing the change of the connection state between the central axis and the linkage shaft of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a diagram showing the change of the state of the arc-shaped knife of the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1, mounting frame; 2, motor; 3, drive shaft; 4, transmission mechanism; 5, sampling cylinder; 6, rotary cutting mechanism; 11, insertion rod; 41, gear box; 42, worm; 43, rotating shaft; 44, worm gear; 45, spur gear; 46, rack; 47, sliding plate; 12, guide groove; 71, connecting shaft; 72, sliding key; 73, push-pull rod one; 74, push-pull rod two; 75, limit block; 76, ball sleeve; 51, annular groove; 711, chute; 61, central axis; 62, linkage shaft; 63, connecting rod; 64, arc-shaped knife; 52, annular groove one; 53, annular groove two; 611, clamping groove; 8, sawtooth; 731, buffer groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0019] Refer to Figures 1 to 11 , a soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring, comprising a mounting frame 1, a motor 2, a drive shaft 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a sampling cylinder 5 and a rotary cutting mechanism 6; at least two insertion rods 11 are circumferentially fixed at the lower end of the mounting frame 1, and the two insertion rods 11 are inserted around the soil to be sampled for fixing the mounting frame 1, the motor 2 is fixed at the upper end of the mounting frame 1, the drive shaft 3 is fixed at the output end of the motor 2, the transmission mechanism 4 is arranged below the drive shaft 3, the sampling cylinder 5 is arranged below the transmission mechanism 4, and the rotary cutting mechanism 6 is arranged inside the sampling cylinder 5.

[0020] Among them, the motor 2 is a variable-frequency motor, that is to say, the motor 2 can drive the drive shaft 3 to rotate forward and can also drive the drive shaft 3 to rotate backward.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism 4 includes a gear box 41, a worm 42, a rotating shaft 43, a worm wheel 44, a spur gear 45, a rack 46 and a sliding plate 47; the gear box 41 is fixed on the mounting frame 1, the upper and lower ends of the worm 42 rotatably penetrate through the centers of the upper and lower ends of the gear box 41, and the worm 42 is fixed to the lower end of the drive shaft 3, the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft 43 are sleeved and rotatably arranged in the front and rear side walls of the gear box 41, the worm wheel 44 is fixed on the rotating shaft 43, and the worm wheel 44 meshes with the worm 42, the spur gear 45 is fixed on the rotating shaft 43, the rack 46 slidably penetrates through the upper side wall of the gear box 41, the rack 46 meshes with the spur gear 45, guiding grooves 12 are symmetrically formed in the mounting frame 1, guiding blocks are fixed at both ends of the sliding plate 47, the two guiding blocks are respectively slidably arranged in the two guiding grooves 12, and the sliding plate 47 is fixed to the lower end of the rack 46.

[0022] For details, please refer to Figure 2 , when the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate forward, the drive shaft 3 will drive the worm 42 to rotate, the worm 42 will drive the worm wheel 44 to rotate, so that the worm wheel 44 will drive the rotating shaft 43 to rotate, the rotating shaft 43 will drive the spur gear 45 to rotate, and since the spur gear 45 meshes with the rack 46, the rack 46 will move downward, so that the rack 46 will drive the sliding plate 47 to move downward; Similarly, when the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate backward, the drive shaft 3 will drive the worm 42 to rotate, the worm 42 will drive the worm wheel 44 to rotate, so that the worm wheel 44 will drive the rotating shaft 43 to rotate, the rotating shaft 43 will drive the spur gear 45 to rotate, and since the spur gear 45 meshes with the rack 46, the rack 46 will move upward, so that the rack 46 will drive the sliding plate 47 to move upward.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism 4 further includes a connecting shaft 71, a sliding key 72, a first push-pull rod 73, a second push-pull rod 74, a limiting block 75 and a ball sleeve 76; the connecting shaft 71 is fixed to the lower end of the worm 42, a chute 711 is formed inwardly on the side wall of the connecting shaft 71, the sliding key 72 is slidably disposed through the chute 711, at least two first push-pull rods 73 are arranged in a circle and are respectively fixed to the lower end surface of the sliding plate 47, a buffer groove 731 is formed in the lower end of the first push-pull rod 73, at least two second push-pull rods 74 are provided, the upper end of the second push-pull rod 74 slidably penetrates through the first push-pull rod 73 and is slidably disposed in the buffer groove 731, at least two limiting blocks 75 are provided and are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the two second push-pull rods 74, and the side wall of the limiting block 75 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the buffer groove 731. An annular groove 51 is formed on the upper end surface of the sampling cylinder 5, the cross section of the annular groove 51 is in a superior arc shape, at least two ball sleeves 76 are provided and are respectively fixed to the lower ends of the two second push-pull rods 74, and the ball sleeves 76 are slidably disposed in the annular groove 51.

[0024] It should be noted that the ball sleeve 76 is stuck in the annular groove 51. Therefore, when the second push-pull rod 74 moves up and down, it can drive the sampling cylinder 5 to move synchronously. For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , when the rack 46 drives the sliding plate 47 to start moving downward, the sliding plate 47 will drive the first push-pull rod 73 to move downward synchronously. At this time, the limiting block 75 is located below the chute 711. Therefore, the first push-pull rod 73 moves downward while the second push-pull rod 74 remains stationary. Subsequently, the upper inner wall of the chute 711 will contact and limit the limiting block 75, so that the first push-pull rod 73 will push the second push-pull rod 74 to move downward synchronously. That is to say, when the motor 2 starts to drive forward, the sampling cylinder 5 does not move downward. After the motor 2 drives forward for a period of time, the sampling cylinder 5 starts to move downward. Similarly, when the rack 46 drives the sliding plate 47 to start moving upward, the sliding plate 47 will drive the first push-pull rod 73 to move upward synchronously. At this time, the limiting block 75 is located above the chute 711. Therefore, the first push-pull rod 73 moves upward while the second push-pull rod 74 remains stationary. Subsequently, the lower inner wall of the chute 711 will contact and limit the limiting block 75, so that the first push-pull rod 73 will pull the second push-pull rod 74 to move upward synchronously. That is to say, when the motor 2 starts to drive in reverse, the sampling cylinder 5 does not move upward. After the motor 2 drives in reverse for a period of time, the sampling cylinder 5 starts to move upward. In addition, when the worm 42 drives the connecting shaft 71 to rotate, the connecting shaft 71 will drive the sliding key 72 to rotate synchronously.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the rotary cutting mechanism 6 includes a central shaft 61, a linkage shaft 62, a connecting rod 63 and an arc-shaped cutter 64; the central shaft 61 is fixed to the lower end of the sliding key 72, and the central shaft 61 is coaxially arranged with the connecting shaft 71. A through groove is formed at the center of the upper end of the sampling cylinder 5. The central shaft 61 is rotatably arranged through the through groove. A clamping groove 611 is fixed on the side wall of the central shaft 61. A clamping ring is fixed on the inner wall of the through groove. The clamping ring is sleeved and rotatably arranged in the clamping groove 611. An annular groove one 52 is formed on the inner wall of the upper end of the sampling cylinder 5, and an annular groove two 53 is formed on the inner wall of the lower end of the sampling cylinder 5. A plurality of built-in holes are circumferentially formed between the lower end wall of the annular groove one 52 and the upper end wall of the annular groove two 53. A plurality of linkage shafts 62 are circumferentially arranged and are respectively rotatably arranged in the plurality of built-in holes. The two ends of the linkage shaft 62 are respectively in rotational contact with the upper end wall of the annular groove one 52 and the lower end wall of the annular groove two 53. A plurality of connecting rods 63 are circumferentially arranged. One end of each of them is connected to the side wall of the linkage shaft 62 in the annular groove one 52 by a spherical hinge, and the other end of each of them is connected to the side wall of the central shaft 61 by a spherical hinge. A plurality of arc-shaped cutters 64 are circumferentially arranged and are respectively fixed on the linkage shafts 62 in the annular groove two 53.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the sampling cylinder 5 is configured as a sawtooth 8.

[0027] It should be explained that when the push-pull rod two 74 drives the sampling cylinder 5 to move up and down through the ball sleeve 76, the sampling cylinder 5 can drive the central shaft 61 and the sliding key 72 to move synchronously through the clamping block, and the sliding key 72 can rotate synchronously with the connecting shaft 71. Therefore, when the central shaft 61 moves up and down with the sampling cylinder 5, it can also rotate with the connecting shaft 71; It should also be explained that there is a certain frictional force between the sawtooth 8 at the lower end of the sampling cylinder 5 and the soil. That is to say, if the external force acting on the sawtooth 8 is greater than the frictional force between the sawtooth 8 and the soil, the sawtooth 8 can produce a rotational movement; Specifically, please refer to Figures 5 to 11 , when the central shaft 61 rotates clockwise, please refer to Figure 10 state B in Figure 11 , the central shaft 61 has a tendency to rotate clockwise. However, since the back of the arc-shaped cutter 64 at the lower end of the linkage shaft 62 is completely blocked by the inner wall of the annular groove two 53, please refer to When the drilling reaches a certain depth, the central shaft 61 starts to rotate counterclockwise. In the initial stage of rotation, the central shaft 61 will drive the linkage shaft 62 to rotate clockwise by a certain angle through the connecting rod 63. For specific changes, please refer to Figure 10 from B to C in Figure 10 . Specifically, when the linkage shaft 62 rotates clockwise by 90°, since the connecting rod 63 limits the central shaft 61 and the linkage shaft 62, the linkage shaft 62 cannot rotate clockwise in the built-in hole. At this time, the tip of the arc-shaped cutter 64 is exactly blocked by the inner wall of the second annular groove 53. At this time, the central shaft 61 can transfer the torsional force to the linkage shaft 62 through the connecting rod 63, so that the linkage shaft 62 generates a squeezing force on the inner wall of the built-in hole. Therefore, the linkage shaft 62 will drive the sampling cylinder 5 to revolve counterclockwise, and then the sampling cylinder 5 can perform a spiral retraction action; It should be noted that in the above, in the initial stage of the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of the central shaft 61, since the first push-pull rod 73 moves down or up a certain position relative to the second push-pull rod 74, that is to say, in the initial stage of the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of the central shaft 61, the sampling cylinder 5 remains stationary in the vertical direction, so as to facilitate the horizontal cutting and segmentation of the soil by the arc-shaped cutter 64.

[0028] In summary, the present invention can drive the transmission mechanism 4 and the rotary cutting mechanism 6 through the motor 2, so that the sampling cylinder 5 can not only drill spirally, reducing the cost investment, but also accurately sample the soil sample at the target depth, and make the sampled sample have good integrity.

[0029] Specifically, in an embodiment, when sampling a certain depth area of the soil, for example, the depth of the sampled sample is 2m to 3m below the ground plane. First, the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate clockwise. In the initial stage of rotation, the first push-pull rod 73 moves down relative to the second push-pull rod 74, and the sampling cylinder 5 remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this period, since the back of the arc-shaped cutter 64 at the lower end of the linkage shaft 62 is completely blocked by the inner wall of the second annular groove 53, please refer to Figure 11 the state a in Figure 11 . Thus, the central shaft 61 cannot drive the linkage shaft 62 to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting rod 63. Therefore, when the central shaft 61 rotates clockwise, the central shaft 61 can transfer the torsional force to the linkage shaft 62 through the connecting rod 63, so that the linkage shaft 62 generates a squeezing force on the inner wall of the built-in hole. Therefore, the linkage shaft 62 will drive the sampling cylinder 5 to revolve clockwise. When the first push-pull rod 73 and the second push-pull rod 74 move down synchronously, the sampling cylinder 5 can perform a drilling action; When the sampling cylinder 5 drills to a position 2 m below the ground plane, the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate counterclockwise. At the initial stage of rotation, the first push rod 73 moves upward relative to the second push rod 74, and the sampling cylinder 5 remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this process, the central shaft 61 drives the linkage shaft 62 to rotate clockwise by 90° through the connecting rod 63. Since the connecting rod 63 limits the central shaft 61 and the linkage shaft 62, the linkage shaft 62 cannot rotate clockwise in the built-in hole. At this time, the tip of the arc-shaped cutter 64 is exactly blocked by the inner wall of the second annular groove 53. For the specific rotation state of the arc-shaped cutter 64, please refer to Figure 11 from a to b to c in it, and the arc-shaped cutter 64 can completely divide the soil above the 2 m position; After the division is completed, that is, when the arc-shaped cutter 64 is in the Figure 11 state c in it, the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate clockwise. At the initial stage of rotation, the first push rod 73 moves downward relative to the second push rod 74, and the sampling cylinder 5 remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this period, the central shaft 61 rotates clockwise by a certain angle, specifically Figure 10 from C to B in it. The central shaft 61 drives the linkage shaft 62 to rotate counterclockwise by a certain angle through the connecting rod 63. The back of the arc-shaped cutter 64 is again completely blocked by the inner wall of the second annular groove 53. Subsequently, the linkage shaft 62 rotates counterclockwise around the common axis with the central shaft 61, that is, the sampling cylinder 5 starts to rotate. When the sampling cylinder 5 starts to rotate, the first push rod 73 and the second push rod 74 move downward synchronously, so that the sampling cylinder 5 continues to drill in a spiral manner; When the sampling cylinder 5 drills to a position 3 m below the ground plane, the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate counterclockwise. At the initial stage of rotation, the first push rod 73 moves upward relative to the second push rod 74, and the sampling cylinder 5 remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this process, the central shaft 61 drives the linkage shaft 62 to rotate clockwise by 90° through the connecting rod 63. Since the connecting rod 63 limits the central shaft 61 and the linkage shaft 62, the linkage shaft 62 cannot rotate clockwise in the built-in hole. At this time, the tip of the arc-shaped cutter 64 is exactly blocked by the inner wall of the second annular groove 53. For the specific rotation state of the arc-shaped cutter 64, please refer to Figure 11 from a to b to c in it, and the arc-shaped cutter 64 can completely divide the soil above the 2 m position; Thereafter, the motor 2 continues to drive the drive shaft 3 to rotate counterclockwise, and the first push rod 73 and the second push rod 74 move upward synchronously, so that the sampling cylinder 5 can move upward in a spiral manner. During this period, the multiple arc-shaped cutters 64 can lift the bottom of the soil sample and move upward synchronously with the sampling cylinder 5 to facilitate the complete extraction of the target sample; The sampling method of the present invention is as follows: S1: First, the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate clockwise. At the initial stage of rotation, the first push rod 73 moves downward relative to the second push rod 74. During this period, the sampling cylinder 5 remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this period, since the back of the arc-shaped cutter 64 at the lower end of the linkage shaft 62 is completely blocked by the inner wall of the second annular groove 53, the central shaft 61 cannot drive the linkage shaft 62 to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting rod 63. Therefore, when the central shaft 61 rotates clockwise, the central shaft 61 can transfer the torsional force to the linkage shaft 62 through the connecting rod 63, so that the linkage shaft 62 generates a squeezing force on the inner wall of the built-in hole. Therefore, the linkage shaft 62 will drive the sampling cylinder 5 to revolve clockwise. When the first push rod 73 and the second push rod 74 move downward synchronously, the sampling cylinder 5 can perform spiral drilling; S2: When the sampling cylinder 5 drills to the upper end position of the sample below the ground plane, the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate counterclockwise. At the initial stage of rotation, the first push rod 73 moves upward relative to the second push rod 74, and the sampling cylinder 5 remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this process, the central shaft 61 will drive the linkage shaft 62 to rotate clockwise by 90° through the connecting rod 63. Since the connecting rod 63 limits the central shaft 61 and the linkage shaft 62, the linkage shaft 62 cannot rotate clockwise in the built-in hole. At this time, the tip of the arc-shaped cutter 64 is exactly completely blocked by the inner wall of the second annular groove 53; S3: After the arc-shaped cutter 64 rotates 90°, the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate clockwise, and then repeat the operation of S1; S4: When the sampling cylinder 5 drills to the lower end position of the sample below the ground plane, the motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate counterclockwise, and then repeat the operation of S2; S5: Finally, the motor 2 continues to drive the drive shaft 3 to rotate counterclockwise, and the sampling cylinder 5 can move upward spirally. During this period, the multiple arc-shaped cutters 64 lift the bottom of the soil sample and move upward synchronously with the sampling cylinder 5 to facilitate the complete extraction of the target sample.

[0030] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting frame (1), a motor (2), a drive shaft (3), a transmission mechanism (4), a sampling tube (5) and a rotary cutting mechanism (6); the mounting frame (1) has two insertion rods (11) fixed at least circumferentially at the lower end thereof, the two insertion rods (11) being inserted into the periphery of the soil to be sampled and used to fix the mounting frame (1); the motor (2) is fixed to the upper end of the mounting frame (1); the drive shaft (3) is fixed to the output end of the motor (2); the transmission mechanism (4) is arranged below the drive shaft (3); the sampling tube (5) is arranged below the transmission mechanism (4); and the rotary cutting mechanism (6) is arranged in the sampling tube (5).

2. A soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (4) comprises a gear box (41), a worm (42), a rotating shaft (43), a worm wheel (44), a spur gear (45), a rack (46) and a sliding plate (47); the gear box (41) is fixed on the mounting frame (1); the upper and lower ends of the worm (42) rotate and penetrate the upper and lower ends of the gear box (41); the worm (42) is fixed to the lower end of the driving shaft (3); the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft (43) are rotatably arranged in the front and rear side walls of the gear box (41); the worm wheel (44) is fixed to the The worm gear (44) is mounted on a rotating shaft (43), and the worm gear (44) is meshed with the worm (42). The spur gear (45) is fixed on the rotating shaft (43). The rack (46) slides through the upper end side wall of the gear box (41), and the rack (46) is meshed with the spur gear (45). The mounting frame (1) is symmetrically provided with guide grooves (12). Guide blocks are fixed at both ends of the sliding plate (47), and the two guide blocks are respectively slidably arranged in the two guide grooves (12), and the sliding plate (47) is fixed to the lower end of the rack (46).

3. A soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (4) further comprises a connecting shaft (71), a sliding key (72), a push-pull rod 1 (73), a push-pull rod 2 (74), a stop block (75) and a ball sleeve (76); the connecting shaft (71) is fixed to the lower end of the worm (42); a sliding groove (711) is provided inwardly on the side wall of the connecting shaft (71); the sliding key (72) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (711); at least two push-pull rods 1 (73) are arranged in a circle and are respectively fixed on the lower end surface of the sliding plate (47); a buffer groove (731) is provided in the lower end of the push-pull rod 1 (73); the push-pull rod 2 (74) to the stop block (75) are provided to prevent the worm (42) from sliding. At least two are provided, the upper end of the push-pull rod (74) slides through the push-pull rod (73) and is slidably arranged in the buffer groove (731), at least two limit blocks (75) are provided, which are respectively fixed at the upper ends of the two push-pull rods (74), and the side walls of the limit blocks (75) are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the buffer groove (731), the upper end surface of the sampling tube (5) is provided with an annular groove (51), and the cross-section of the annular groove (51) is in an arc shape, at least two ball sleeves (76) are provided, which are respectively fixed at the lower ends of the two push-pull rods (74), and the ball sleeves (76) are slidably arranged in the annular groove (51).

4. A soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The peeling mechanism (6) comprises a central axis (61), a linkage axis (62), a connecting rod (63) and an arc-shaped knife (64); the central axis (61) is fixed to the lower end of the sliding key (72), and the central axis (61) and the connecting axis (71) are coaxially arranged; a through groove is provided at the center of the upper end of the sampling tube (5); the central axis (61) is rotatably arranged in the through groove; a clamping groove (611) is fixed on the side wall of the central axis (61); a clamping ring is fixed on the inner wall of the through groove; the clamping ring is rotatably arranged in the clamping groove (611); an annular groove 1 (52) is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the sampling tube (5); an annular groove 2 (53) is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the sampling tube (5); the ring A plurality of built-in holes are provided on the circumference between the lower end wall of the annular groove one (52) and the upper end wall of the annular groove two (53); a plurality of linkage shafts (62) are provided on the circumference and are rotatably arranged in the plurality of built-in holes respectively, and the two ends of the linkage shaft (62) are respectively in rotatable contact with the upper end wall of the annular groove one (52) and the lower end wall of the annular groove two (53); a plurality of link rods (63) are provided on the circumference, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the linkage shaft (62) in the annular groove one (52) by a ball hinge, and the other end of which is connected to the side wall of the middle shaft (61) by a ball hinge; a plurality of arc-shaped knives (64) are provided on the circumference and are respectively fixed on the linkage shaft (62) in the annular groove two (53).

5. A soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the sampling tube (5) is configured as saw-shaped teeth (8).

6. A sampling method of a soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring is as follows: S1: First, the motor (2) drives the drive shaft (3) to rotate clockwise. At the beginning of the rotation, the push-pull rod 1 (73) moves downward relative to the push-pull rod 2 (74). During this period of time, the sampling tube (5) remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this period of time, since the back of the arc-shaped knife (64) at the lower end of the linkage shaft (62) is completely blocked by the inner wall of the annular groove 2 (53), the middle shaft (61) cannot drive the linkage shaft (62) to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting rod (63). Therefore, when the middle shaft (61) rotates clockwise, the middle shaft (61) can transfer the torsional force to the linkage shaft (62) through the connecting rod (63), so that the linkage shaft (62) generates a squeezing force on the inner wall of the built-in hole. Therefore, the linkage shaft (62) drives the sampling tube (5) to revolve clockwise. When the push-pull rod 1 (73) and the push-pull rod 2 (74) move downward synchronously, the sampling tube (5) can perform spiral drilling; S2: When the sampling tube (5) drills into the upper end of the sample below the ground level, the motor (2) drives the driving shaft (3) to rotate counterclockwise. At the initial stage of rotation, the push-pull rod 1 (73) moves upward relative to the push-pull rod 2 (74), and the sampling tube (5) remains stationary in the vertical direction. During this process, the central axis (61) drives the linkage shaft (62) to rotate 90° clockwise through the connecting rod (63). Since the connecting rod (63) limits the central axis (61) and the linkage shaft (62), the linkage shaft (62) cannot rotate clockwise in the built-in hole. At this time, the tip of the arc-shaped knife (64) is completely blocked by the inner wall of the annular groove 2 (53); S3: After the arc-shaped knife (64) rotates 90°, the motor (2) drives the drive shaft (3) to rotate clockwise, and then the S1 operation is repeated; S4: When the sampling tube (5) drills into the lower end position of the sample below the ground level, the motor (2) drives the driving shaft (3) to rotate counterclockwise, and then the S2 operation is repeated; S5: Finally, the motor (2) continues to drive the drive shaft (3) to rotate counterclockwise, and the sampling tube (5) can move upward in a spiral. During this period, the plurality of arc-shaped knives (64) lift the bottom of the soil sample and move upward synchronously with the sampling tube (5), so as to completely remove the target sample.

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