Soil sampling equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling devices, in particular to G01N1 / 08, in particular to soil sampling equipment, and aims to solve the problem that soil with different depths is easily mixed into soil with different depths during sampling due to the fact that the soil with different depths is attached to the surface of a drill bit. The equipment comprises a digging assembly, a sampling assembly and an adjusting assembly, the sampling assembly and the adjusting assembly are respectively arranged in the digging assembly; the sampling assembly can be used for sampling the soil after the digging assembly digs the soil to a certain depth; the sampling assembly comprises a plurality of collecting mechanisms which are arranged in a circular array by taking the adjusting assembly as an axis; the adjusting assembly comprises a butt joint mechanism. The docking mechanism can circularly move around the axis of the adjusting assembly, is sequentially matched with each collecting mechanism and drives the collecting mechanisms to dig and sample downwards from top to bottom, so that stratified sampling is realized, the problem of mixing of soil at different depths in traditional drilling equipment is effectively avoided, the mining quality is improved, and manpower and material resources are effectively saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling devices, specifically to G01N1 / 08, and more particularly to a soil sampling device. Background Art

[0002] Geological exploration plays a crucial role in the fields of mining machinery and shale gas extraction equipment. This process involves a detailed investigation and study of geological conditions such as rocks, strata, mineral resources, and landforms in a specific area. For mining machinery and shale gas extraction, geological exploration not only includes traditional geophysical and geochemical exploration and geological structure analysis but also particularly emphasizes the importance of drilling exploration. Specific methods include trench exploration, drilling sampling, and geophysical exploration, etc.

[0003] In the operation of mining machinery and the evaluation and development of shale gas resources, drilling equipment is a key tool for obtaining underground samples. These devices usually adopt the rotary-in tooth technology to achieve effective drilling and sampling of soil and rock. However, during the process of the drill bit continuously penetrating underground, geological materials at different depth levels are likely to adhere to the surface of the drill bit, resulting in the problem of mixing of formation samples from multiple depths. This situation is particularly prominent in mining, especially shale gas extraction, because accurately understanding the geological composition and structure is crucial for improving extraction efficiency and safety. Due to inaccurate geological information caused by sample mixing, it will greatly affect the judgment of underground mineral or shale gas reserves and their distribution laws, thus reducing the controllability and accuracy of operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a soil sampling device to alleviate the problem that soils at different depths will adhere to the surface of the drill bit, resulting in easy mixing of soils at different depths during sampling.

[0005] In order to alleviate the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention lies in: The present invention provides a soil sampling device, including an excavation component, a sampling component, and an adjustment component; The sampling component and the adjustment component are respectively arranged inside the excavation component; The sampling component can take soil samples after the excavation component excavates a certain depth into the soil; The sampling component includes a plurality of collection mechanisms arranged in a circular array with the adjustment component as the axis; The adjustment component includes a docking mechanism; The docking mechanism can move circumferentially around the axis of the adjustment component, and sequentially cooperate with each collection mechanism and drive the collection mechanism to dig downward for sampling from top to bottom.

[0006] Furthermore, The excavation component includes a torque motor, a drill bit assembly, and a downward movement mechanism; The torque motor is arranged at the upper part of the drill bit assembly and is rotationally connected with the drill bit assembly through a guiding cylinder shell; The downward movement mechanism includes a downward pressure sliding sleeve and a support column; The downward pressure sliding sleeve is clamped with the upper part of the drill bit assembly; A horizontal traction rod is arranged on each side of the downward pressure sliding sleeve; The two support columns are respectively arranged on both sides of the downward pressure sliding sleeve; The support column is provided with a vertical card slot; The horizontal traction rod is slidably connected with the card slot.

[0007] Furthermore, The drill bit assembly includes a sliding bottom cylinder and a compression inner pad; The compression inner pad is arranged in the sliding bottom cylinder; The upper part of the compression inner pad is clamped with the upper part of the sliding bottom cylinder, and the lower part of the compression inner pad is clamped with the lower part of the outer surface of the guiding cylinder shell; The lower part of the sliding bottom cylinder gradually contracts inwards; The bottom of the sliding bottom cylinder is provided with tunneling teeth.

[0008] Furthermore, The acquisition mechanism includes a sliding tube, a driving motor, a first return spring and a digging rod; The sliding tube is slidably connected with the beam chassis; The beam chassis is arranged at the lower part of the sliding bottom cylinder; The driving motor is arranged in the sliding tube; The digging rod is arranged at the lower part of the driving motor and is rotationally connected with the driving motor; The first return spring is arranged outside the sliding tube; The upper part of the first return spring abuts against the upper part of the sliding tube; The lower part of the first return spring abuts against the lower part of the beam chassis.

[0009] Furthermore, The adjusting assembly further includes an adjusting motor, a pressure pump and a connecting rod; The adjusting motor is rotationally connected with the pressure pump through a meshing roller; The connecting rod is arranged at the lower part of the pressure pump and is communicated with the air outlet end of the pressure pump.

[0010] Furthermore, The side wall of the connecting rod is provided with a vertical card slot; The docking rod of the docking mechanism can move up and down along the card slot.

[0011] Furthermore, The docking mechanism includes a compression connecting sleeve and a communicating traction block; The compression connecting sleeve and the communicating traction block are respectively arranged inside the connecting rod; The compression connecting sleeve is slidably connected to the connecting rod; The upper part of the compression connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the pressure pump, and the lower part is fixedly connected to the communicating traction block; One end of the docking rod is sleeved with the communicating traction block; A second return spring is arranged inside the connecting rod; One end of the second return spring abuts against the lower part of the communicating traction block, and the other end abuts against the lower part of the connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, An isolation top cover is arranged on the upper part of the pressure pump; The isolation top cover is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guiding cylinder shell; The center of the isolation top cover is made of elastic material.

[0013] Furthermore, One end of the connecting rod away from the communicating traction block is provided with a connecting insertion handle, and one end close to the communicating traction block is provided with a protrusion; The communicating traction block is provided with a groove that matches the protrusion; The communicating traction block is provided with a first gas channel that communicates with the compression connecting sleeve; A second gas channel is arranged inside the connecting rod; One end of the second gas channel communicates with the connecting insertion handle, and the other end communicates with the first gas channel; The connecting insertion handle is cylindrical, and a fixed shaft rod is arranged at the axis; A plurality of insertion inner rods are circularly arranged along the axis of the fixed shaft rod; The insertion inner rod is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft rod through a tension spring; The insertion inner rod can slide horizontally; The upper part of the sliding tube is provided with a card slot that matches the insertion inner rod.

[0014] Furthermore, When taking soil samples at multiple depths, the torque motor and the downward movement mechanism cooperate to control the drill assembly to dig downward and reach each sampling depth in turn. When reaching each sampling depth, the torque motor stops once. At this time, the pressure pump inflates, causing the connecting rod to move downward and the insertion inner rod to move away from the fixed shaft rod, so that the insertion inner rod is engaged with the card slot on the sliding tube. At this time, the pressure pump continues to work, causing the connecting insertion handle to push the sliding tube downward and insert it into the soil. At the same time, the drive motor controls the digging rod to rotate for soil sampling; After completing the soil sampling at this depth, the drive motor and the pressure pump stop. Under the cooperation of the first return spring and the second return spring, the sliding tube and the connecting rod are reset.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the soil sampling equipment in the present invention are analyzed as follows: The excavation component, the sampling component, and the adjustment component are organically combined, making the sampling process more flexible and efficient. Specifically, multiple collection mechanisms in the sampling component can operate independently. By controlling the docking mechanism to dock with different collection mechanisms through the adjustment component, stratified sampling can be achieved. This design effectively avoids the problem of soil mixing at different depths in traditional drilling equipment, ensures that the samples collected by each collection mechanism remain independent, and greatly improves the purity and representativeness of the samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the related art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 An isometric schematic diagram of the soil sampling equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A sectional schematic diagram of the soil sampling equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A sectional schematic diagram of the drill bit assembly; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the downward movement mechanism; Figure 5 A sectional schematic diagram of the collection mechanism; Figure 6 A sectional schematic diagram of the adjustment component; Figure 7 A sectional schematic diagram of the connecting rod; Figure 8 A sectional schematic diagram of the connecting insertion handle..

[0018] ICON: 100 - Excavation component; 110 - Torque motor; 120 - Drill bit assembly; 121 - Sliding bottom cylinder; 122 - Compression inner pad; 123 - Boring teeth; 130 - Downward movement mechanism; 131 - Downward pressing sliding sleeve; 132 - Horizontal traction rod; 133 - Support column; 140 - Guide cylinder shell; 141 - Isolation top cover; 200 - Sampling component; 210 - Collection mechanism; 211 - Sliding tube; 212 - Driving motor; 213 - First return spring; 214 - Excavation rod; 220 - Cluster chassis; 300 - Adjusting assembly; 310 - Docking mechanism; 311 - Docking rod; 312 - Compression sleeve; 313 - Connecting traction block; 314 - First gas channel; 320 - Adjusting motor; 330 - Pressure pump; 340 - Connecting rod; 341 - Second return spring; 342 - Second gas channel; 343 - Connecting plug handle; 3431 - Fixed shaft rod; 3432 - Inserted inner rod; 3433 - Tension spring; 350 - Biting roller; 360 - Protrusion. Detailed implementation

[0019] Since conventional drilling equipment uses rotary teeth for soil drilling and sampling, during the continuous penetration of the drill bit, soils at different depths will adhere to the surface of the drill bit, and soils at multiple depths will be mixed together, making it difficult to distinguish the soil quality collected inside the sampling mechanism and resulting in poor controllability.

[0020] In view of this, as Figures 1 to 8 shown, this solution provides a soil sampling device to alleviate the above problems.

[0021] This device includes an excavation assembly 100, a sampling assembly 200, and an adjusting assembly 300; The sampling assembly 200 and the adjusting assembly 300 are respectively arranged inside the excavation assembly 100; The sampling assembly 200 can perform soil sampling after the excavation assembly 100 excavates a certain depth into the soil; The sampling assembly 200 includes a plurality of collection mechanisms 210 arranged in a circular array with the adjusting assembly 300 as the axis; The adjusting assembly 300 includes a docking mechanism 310; The docking mechanism 310 can move circumferentially around the axis of the adjusting assembly 300, and sequentially cooperate with each collection mechanism 210 and drive the collection mechanism 210 to dig downward for sampling from top to bottom.

[0022] When using this device to drill and sample soils at different depths, the excavation assembly 100 first drills into the soil to the first sampling depth, and then controls the docking mechanism 310 to dock with the first collection mechanism 210 through the adjusting assembly 300, so that the first collection mechanism 210 digs downward for sampling. After sampling is completed at the first sampling depth, the first collection mechanism 210 resets, the docking mechanism 310 rotates above the second collection mechanism 210, and the excavation assembly 100 continues to dig downward to perform soil sampling at multiple different depths. Each collection mechanism 210 is independent of each other, and the samples stored inside do not interfere with each other, greatly improving the accuracy of collecting soils at different depths.

[0023] Regarding the shape and structure of the excavation assembly 100, as Figures 1 to 4 shown: The excavation assembly 100 includes a torque motor 110, a drill bit assembly 120, and a downward movement mechanism 130; The torque motor 110 is disposed on the upper part of the drill bit assembly 120 and is rotatably connected to the drill bit assembly 120 through a guiding cylinder housing 140; The downward movement mechanism 130 includes a downward pressure sliding sleeve 131 and a support column 133; The downward pressure sliding sleeve 131 is snap-connected to the upper part of the drill bit assembly 120; A horizontal traction rod 132 is respectively disposed on both sides of the downward pressure sliding sleeve 131; Two support columns 133 are respectively disposed on both sides of the downward pressure sliding sleeve 131; The support column 133 is provided with a vertical slot; The horizontal traction rod 132 is slidably connected to the slot.

[0024] Specifically, a conventional driving device such as a hydraulic cylinder, a linear guide rail or a screw mechanism can be disposed inside the support column 133 to drive the downward pressure sliding sleeve 131 to move downward. The drill bit assembly 120 and the guiding cylinder housing 140 can be connected by means of a chute, so that the drill bit assembly 120 is still driven by the torque motor 110 when being pressed downward by the downward pressure sliding sleeve 131 and penetrating deep into the soil.

[0025] Regarding the shape and structure of the drill bit assembly 120, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown: The drill bit assembly 120 includes a sliding bottom cylinder 121 and a compression inner pad 122; The compression inner pad 122 is disposed inside the sliding bottom cylinder 121; The upper part of the compression inner pad 122 is snap-connected to the upper part of the sliding bottom cylinder 121, and the lower part of the compression inner pad 122 is snap-connected to the lower part of the outer surface of the guiding cylinder housing 140; The lower part of the sliding bottom cylinder 121 gradually contracts inward; The bottom of the sliding bottom cylinder 121 is provided with excavation teeth 123.

[0026] Specifically, after the downward pressure sliding sleeve 131 presses the drill bit assembly 120, the sliding bottom cylinder 121 continuously moves downward along the guiding cylinder housing 140, so that the compression inner pad 122 is compressed and contracted, providing a certain buffering capacity to avoid drill sticking caused by too fast drilling.

[0027] Regarding the shape and structure of the collection mechanism 210, as Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown: The collection mechanism 210 includes a sliding tube 211, a driving motor 212, a first return spring 213, and an excavation rod 214; The sliding tube 211 is slidably connected to the beam chassis 220; The bundled chassis 220 is arranged at the lower part of the sliding bottom cylinder 121; The driving motor 212 is arranged inside the sliding tube 211; The excavation rod 214 is arranged at the lower part of the driving motor 212 and is rotationally connected to the driving motor 212; The first return spring 213 is arranged outside the sliding tube 211; The upper part of the first return spring 213 abuts against the upper part of the sliding tube 211; The lower part of the first return spring 213 abuts against the lower part of the bundled chassis.

[0028] Specifically, a driving motor 212 is respectively arranged in each collection mechanism 210. When the collection mechanism 210 needs to conduct excavation, the sliding tube 211 is controlled to slide downward along the bundled chassis 220 and compress the first return spring 213. The driving motor 212 will control the excavation rod 214 to rotate counterclockwise, and then guide the soil to the inside of the sliding tube 211 through the thread grooves of the excavation rod 214 to fill the inside of the sliding tube 211. After the collection is completed, the force on the upper part of the collection mechanism 210 is removed, and the first return spring 213 controls the sliding tube 211 to move upward to complete the reset. At this time, the external soil cannot enter the sliding tube 211, thus avoiding the mixing of the soil inside the sliding tube 211 and the external soil; after all the sampling is completed, the collection mechanisms 210 are sequentially removed, and the samples can be collected.

[0029] Regarding the shape and structure of the adjustment component 300, as Figures 6 to 8 shown: The adjustment component 300 further includes an adjustment motor 320, a pressure pump 330, and a connecting rod 340; The adjustment motor 320 is rotationally connected to the pressure pump 330 through a meshing roller 350; The connecting rod 340 is arranged at the lower part of the pressure pump 330 and is communicated with the air outlet end of the pressure pump 330; The side wall of the connecting rod 340 is provided with a vertical card slot; The docking rod 311 of the docking mechanism 310 can move up and down along the card slot.

[0030] Specifically, the adjustment motor 320 can drive the connecting rod 340 to rotate through the meshing roller 350, so that the docking mechanism 310 can rotate above any collection mechanism 210 and be docked with the collection mechanism 210 by pressurizing through the pressure pump 330.

[0031] Regarding the shape and structure of the docking mechanism 310, as Figure 8 shown: The docking mechanism 310 includes a compression connecting sleeve 312 and a communicating traction block 313; The compression connecting sleeve 312 and the communicating traction block 313 are respectively arranged in the connecting rod 340; The compression connecting sleeve 312 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 340; The upper part of the compression connecting sleeve 312 is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the pressure pump 330, and the lower part is fixedly connected to the communicating traction block 313; One end of the docking rod 311 is sleeved with the communicating traction block 313; A second return spring 341 is arranged in the connecting rod 340; One end of the second return spring 341 abuts against the lower part of the communicating traction block 313, and the other end abuts against the lower part of the connecting rod 340; An isolation top cover 141 is arranged on the upper part of the pressure pump 330; The isolation top cover 141 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guiding cylinder shell 140; The center of the isolation top cover 141 is made of elastic material; One end of the connecting rod 340 away from the communicating traction block 313 is provided with a connecting socket 343, and one end close to the communicating traction block 313 is provided with a protrusion 360; The communicating traction block 313 is provided with a groove matching with the protrusion 360; The communicating traction block 313 is provided with a first gas channel 314 communicating with the compression connecting sleeve 312; A second gas channel 342 is arranged in the connecting rod 340; One end of the second gas channel 342 communicates with the connecting socket 343, and the other end communicates with the first gas channel 314; The connecting socket 343 is cylindrical, and a fixed shaft rod 3431 is arranged at the axis; A plurality of plug-in inner rods 3432 are circularly arranged along the axis of the fixed shaft rod 3431; The plug-in inner rod 3432 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft rod 3431 through a tension spring 3433; The plug-in inner rod 3432 can slide horizontally; A clamping groove matching with the plug-in inner rod 3432 is arranged on the upper part of the sliding tube 211.

[0032] Specifically, since the opening of the first gas passage 314 between the connecting traction block 313 and the compression sleeve 312 is small and gas is not easily circulated, after the pressure pump 330 pressurizes, the pressure in the compression sleeve 312 first rises and expands and elongates to drive the connecting traction block 313 to move downward, thereby causing the connecting rod 340 to move downward. After the connecting plug handle 343 and the sliding tube 211 are docked, the pressure pump 330 continuously pressurizes to continuously increase the pressure in the connecting plug handle 343, causing the inserted inner rod 3432 to be pressed and slide outwards to dock with the card slot in the sliding tube 211; in addition, the horizontal height difference between the acquisition mechanism 210 and the connecting plug handle 343 in the initial state is very small, so the connecting plug handle 343 can be docked with the acquisition mechanism 210 in a very short time, and the docking will not fail due to the premature sliding out of the inserted inner rod 3432.

[0033] In this solution, the isolation top cover 141 completely seals the top of the guiding cylinder shell 140. When the pressure pump 330 performs the pumping operation, the gas between the guiding cylinder shell 140 and the pressure pump 330 in the guiding cylinder shell 140 will be pumped into the lower part, causing the isolation top cover 141 to be compressed and elongated. When the pressure pump 330 stops working, the gas in the guiding cylinder shell 140 will be automatically replenished and the isolation top cover 141 will reset.

[0034] In this solution, when taking soil samples at multiple depths, the torque motor 110 and the downward movement mechanism 130 cooperate to control the drill bit assembly 120 to dig downward and reach each sampling depth in turn. When reaching each sampling depth, the torque motor 110 stops once. At this time, the pressure pump 330 inflates, causing the connecting rod 340 to move downward and the inserted inner rod 3432 to move away from the fixed shaft rod 3431, so that the inserted inner rod 3432 is mutually clamped with the card slot on the sliding tube 211. At this time, the pressure pump 330 continues to work, causing the connecting plug handle 343 to push the sliding tube 211 downward and insert it into the soil. At the same time, the driving motor 212 controls the excavation rod 214 to rotate for soil sampling; After the soil sampling at this depth is completed, the driving motor 212 and the pressure pump 330 stop. Under the cooperation of the first return spring 213 and the second return spring 341, the sliding tube 211 and the connecting rod 340 are reset.

[0035] During the process of the drill bit assembly 120 digging to the next sampling depth, the adjusting motor 320 rotates the connecting plug handle 343 above the next sliding tube 211.

[0036] This solution has at least the following beneficial effects: The sampling device provided by this solution effectively solves the problem of sample mixing in the process of soil sampling at different depths by conventional drilling equipment. By designing a sampling component with multiple independent collection mechanisms, each collection mechanism can perform independent soil sampling separately, avoiding cross-contamination of soil samples. The precise control of the adjustment component ensures that each collection mechanism can perform efficient and accurate sampling at different depths, improving the accuracy and controllability of soil sampling, enhancing the mining quality, and effectively saving human and material resources.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device, characterized in that: It comprises an excavation component (100), a sampling component (200) and an adjustment component (300); The sampling component (200) and the adjusting component (300) are respectively arranged in the excavating component (100); The sampling component (200) can perform soil sampling after the digging component (100) digs a certain depth into the soil; The sampling component (200) comprises a plurality of collection mechanisms (210) arranged in a circular array with the adjustment component (300) as the axis; The adjustment assembly (300) comprises a docking mechanism (310); The docking mechanism (310) is capable of circular motion around the axis of the adjustment component (300), and is sequentially matched with each of the collection mechanisms (210) to drive the collection mechanisms (210) downward from top to bottom to dig and sample.

2. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavation assembly (100) comprises a torque motor (110), a drill bit assembly (120) and a downward movement mechanism (130); The torque motor (110) is disposed on the upper portion of the drill bit assembly (120) and is rotationally connected to the drill bit assembly (120) via a guide cylinder shell (140); The downward movement mechanism (130) comprises a downward pressing sleeve (131) and a support column (133); The downward pressing sleeve (131) is clamped with the upper part of the drill bit assembly (120); A horizontal traction rod (132) is respectively provided on both sides of the downward pressing sliding sleeve (131); The two support columns (133) are respectively arranged on both sides of the downward pressing sliding sleeve (131); The support column (133) is provided with a vertical slot; The horizontal traction rod (132) is slidably connected to the clamping slot.

3. The soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drill bit assembly (120) comprises a sliding bottom cylinder (121) and a compression inner pad (122); The compression inner pad (122) is arranged in the sliding bottom cylinder (121); The upper portion of the compression inner pad (122) is clamped to the upper portion of the sliding bottom cylinder (121), and the lower portion of the compression inner pad (122) is clamped to the lower portion of the outer surface of the guide cylinder shell (140); The lower portion of the sliding bottom cylinder (121) gradually contracts inwards; The bottom of the sliding bottom cylinder (121) is provided with excavation teeth (123).

4. The soil sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism (210) comprises a sliding tube (211), a driving motor (212), a first return spring (213) and a digging rod (214); The sliding tube (211) is slidably connected to the cluster chassis (220); The cluster chassis (220) is arranged at the lower part of the sliding bottom cylinder (121); The driving motor (212) is arranged in the sliding tube (211); The digging rod (214) is disposed at the lower part of the driving motor (212) and is rotationally connected to the driving motor (212); The first return spring (213) is arranged outside the sliding tube (211); The upper portion of the first return spring (213) abuts against the upper portion of the sliding tube (211); The lower part of the first return spring (213) abuts against the lower part of the collecting chassis.

5. The soil sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (300) further comprises an adjustment motor (320), a pressure pump (330) and a connecting rod (340); The regulating motor (320) is rotationally connected to the pressure pump (330) via an engaging roller (350); The connecting rod (340) is arranged at the lower part of the pressure pump (330) and is connected to the air outlet end of the pressure pump (330).

6. The soil sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side wall of the connecting rod (340) is provided with a vertical slot; The docking rod (311) of the docking mechanism (310) is capable of moving up and down along the slot.

7. The soil sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The docking mechanism (310) comprises a compression sleeve (312) and a connecting traction block (313); The compression sleeve (312) and the connecting traction block (313) are respectively arranged in the connecting rod (340); The compression sleeve (312) and the connecting rod (340) are slidably connected; The upper part of the compression sleeve (312) is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the pressure pump (330), and the lower part is fixedly connected to the connecting traction block (313); One end of the docking rod (311) is sleeved with the connecting traction block (313); A second return spring (341) is arranged in the connecting rod (340); One end of the second return spring (341) abuts against the lower portion of the connecting traction block (313), and the other end abuts against the lower portion of the connecting rod (340).

8. The soil sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An isolation top cover (141) is provided on the upper portion of the pressure pump (330); The isolation top cover (141) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder shell (140); The center of the isolation top cover (141) is made of elastic material.

9. The soil sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the connecting rod (340) away from the connecting traction block (313) is provided with a connecting handle (343), and the end close to the connecting traction block (313) is provided with a protrusion (360); The connecting traction block (313) is provided with a groove matching with the protrusion (360); The connecting traction block (313) is provided with a first gas channel (314) connected to the compression sleeve (312); A second gas channel (342) is provided in the connecting rod (340); One end of the second gas channel (342) is in communication with the connecting handle (343), and the other end is in communication with the first gas channel (314); The connecting handle (343) is cylindrical, and a fixed shaft (3431) is arranged at the center of the shaft; A plurality of plug-in inner rods (3432) are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the fixed shaft rod (3431); The plug-in inner rod (3432) and the fixed shaft rod (3431) are fixedly connected via a tension spring (3433); The plug-in inner rod (3432) is capable of sliding in the horizontal direction; The upper portion of the sliding tube (211) is provided with a slot that matches the plug-in inner rod (3432).

10. The soil sampling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When performing soil sampling at multiple depths, the torque motor (110) and the downward movement mechanism (130) cooperate to control the drill bit assembly (120) to dig downward and reach each sampling depth in sequence. Each time a sampling depth is reached, the torque motor (110) stops once. At this time, the pressure pump (330) inflates to move the connecting rod (340) downward and move the plug-in inner rod (3432) in a direction away from the fixed shaft rod (3431), so that the plug-in inner rod (3432) and the slot on the sliding tube (211) are mutually engaged. At this time, the pressure pump 330 continues to work, so that the connecting handle (343) pushes the sliding tube (211) downward and inserts it into the soil. At the same time, the drive motor (212) controls the digging rod (214) to rotate to perform soil sampling; After the soil sampling at this depth is completed, the driving motor (212) and the pressure pump (330) are stopped, and the sliding tube (211) and the connecting rod (340) are reset with the cooperation of the first reset spring (213) and the second reset spring (341).

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