Sampling device for hydraulic ring geological exploration

Abstract

The invention provides a sampling device for hydraulic ring geological exploration, belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, when soil is sampled, a soil sample is often inconvenient to be further layered, the sampling device comprises two stand columns arranged at intervals and a top plate connected with the two stand columns in a sliding mode, and lifting devices are arranged on the stand columns; a first motor is arranged on the top plate, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with a sampling barrel through a first electromagnetic bearing, a transmission shaft is arranged in the sampling barrel, the top of the transmission shaft is connected with the output shaft through a second electromagnetic bearing, and the bottom of the transmission shaft penetrates through the sampling barrel and is connected with a drill bit; a plurality of feeding holes are formed in the side wall of the sampling barrel in a penetrating manner, and a bearing plate is also arranged in the sampling barrel. According to the soil sampling device disclosed by the invention, through the designed lifting device, the sampling barrel, the drill bit and the first motor as well as a plurality of feed ports and a bearing plate which are ingeniously arranged, the soil sampling device can efficiently and accurately sample soil at different depths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to a sampling device for hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology exploration. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogeology, as a crucial branch of geology, is a scientific field dedicated to the in-depth exploration of groundwater. During its development, this discipline has gradually been refined into multiple sub-fields. For example, regional hydrogeology focuses on the study of large-scale groundwater systems; groundwater dynamics explores the dynamic processes of groundwater flow; hydrogeochemistry studies the formation and evolution of the chemical composition of groundwater; water supply hydrogeology is committed to ensuring a safe and reliable groundwater supply; ore deposit hydrogeology focuses on hydrogeological problems in mine exploitation; and soil improvement hydrogeology explores ways to improve soil quality through groundwater management. In recent years, the research boundaries of hydrogeology have been further expanded. Its cross-integration with fields such as geothermal energy, seismology, and environmental geology has not only promoted the development and utilization of geothermal energy and the improvement of earthquake prediction and early warning technologies but also provided new perspectives and methods for solving environmental problems such as geological disasters and groundwater pollution, opening up many cutting-edge research directions.

[0003] Soil, an indispensable part of nature, is composed of layers of minerals with varying thicknesses and complex compositions. The differences between soil and the parent material layer are significant, not only in their external forms but also in all aspects of physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. With the continuous changes in the current environment, the quality and condition of soil have increasingly attracted attention. Environmental supervision agencies bear the important responsibility of sampling and detecting soil to evaluate its health status and potential risks. Unfortunately, the current soil sampling equipment still has deficiencies in efficiency. Especially when sampling soil, it is often inconvenient to further stratify the soil samples for separate analysis and preservation. This limitation not only affects the accuracy and comprehensiveness of soil detection but also poses quite a challenge to subsequent soil research and treatment work. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a sampling device for hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology exploration to solve the problem in the prior art that the existing soil sampling equipment still has deficiencies in efficiency. Especially when sampling soil, it is often inconvenient to further stratify the soil samples for separate analysis and preservation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A sampling device for hydrogeological exploration, comprising two columns arranged at intervals and a top plate slidably connected to the two columns. A lifting device for driving the up and down movement of the top plate is provided on the column. A first motor is provided on the top plate, and a sampling cylinder is connected to the output shaft of the first motor through a first electromagnetic bearing. A transmission shaft is arranged inside the sampling cylinder, and the top of the transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft through a second electromagnetic bearing. The bottom of the transmission shaft passes through the sampling cylinder and is connected with a drill bit; a plurality of feed ports communicating with its inner cavity are arranged through the side wall of the sampling cylinder, and the plurality of feed ports are equidistantly arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sampling cylinder. A supporting plate corresponding to the number of the feed ports is further arranged in the sampling cylinder, and each supporting plate is located below the corresponding feed port.

[0007] In this technical solution, it should be noted that, first of all, regarding material selection, both the column and the top plate are made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant steel, ensuring the structural stability and service life of the entire device. The first motor selects the existing mature and reliable technology in the current industry. As an electromagnetic device based on the law of electromagnetic induction, the motor can not only achieve the conversion or transmission of electrical energy, but also efficiently convert electrical energy in one form into electrical energy in another form. In this solution, the output shaft of the first motor has a powerful driving force and can drive the sampling cylinder or the drill bit to rotate respectively. The electromagnetic bearing adopts the existing technology. When the electromagnetic bearing is started, the electromagnetic bearing can use the electric field force and magnetic field force to separate one shaft from another shaft, so that one shaft cannot drive the other shaft to rotate. When the electromagnetic bearing is closed, the electromagnetic bearing connects one shaft to another shaft, so that one shaft can drive the other shaft to rotate. Specifically, when the drill bit is drilling soil, the first electromagnetic bearing is in the start state and the second electromagnetic bearing is in the closed state, that is, the main shaft of the first motor will not drive the sampling cylinder to rotate, but will drive the transmission shaft to rotate. When it is necessary to take a soil sample with the sampling cylinder, the first electromagnetic bearing is closed and the second electromagnetic bearing is started, that is, the motor will drive the sampling cylinder to rotate and will not drive the transmission shaft to rotate. When implementing this solution specifically, first start the first motor and the lifting device. The lifting device will stably drive the top plate and the sampling cylinder and the drill bit thereon to descend until it is close to the target soil layer. Subsequently, the first motor starts to work, and its output shaft rotates clockwise. Through the second electromagnetic bearing (the second electromagnetic bearing is closed and the first electromagnetic bearing is started), it drives the transmission shaft and the drill bit to rotate. While rotating, the drill bit gradually penetrates into the soil. When the sampling cylinder reaches the specified depth in the soil, start the first motor again. At this time, due to the action of the second electromagnetic bearing, the transmission shaft remains stationary, while the sampling cylinder rotates clockwise with the output shaft under the drive of the first electromagnetic bearing (the first electromagnetic bearing is closed and the second electromagnetic bearing is started). This rotation method enables the feeding ports at different heights on the sampling cylinder to sequentially introduce the soil at different depth positions onto the corresponding supporting plates, thus realizing the precise collection of soil samples. To sum up, in the present invention, through the designed lifting device, sampling cylinder, drill bit, first motor, and the ingeniously arranged multiple feeding ports and supporting plates, the device can efficiently and precisely perform soil sampling operations at different depths. In particular, due to the setting of the first electromagnetic bearing and the second electromagnetic bearing, it is ensured that during the process of penetrating the soil, the drill bit can freely rotate to break the soil, while the sampling cylinder remains stable and does not rotate. Because during the process of penetrating the soil, the non-rotation of the sampling cylinder can effectively reduce the possibility that the soil in the non-target layer is wrongly introduced into the sampling cylinder due to accidental contact with the feeding port, thus greatly improving the accuracy and purity of sampling. When the sampling cylinder accurately reaches the specified depth of the soil, it starts to rotate under the drive of the first motor. At this time, the drill bit remains stationary and no longer participates in the rotation action.This ingenious combination of rotation and rest enables the sampling cylinder to smoothly and precisely introduce the soil at the target depth into the supporting plate through the feeding port, thus completing the effective sampling of soils at different depths. The entire process ensures the accuracy of sampling.

[0008] Preferably, a receiving groove is provided at the bottom of each feeding port, and a baffle for closing the feeding port is provided at the feeding port. The bottom of the baffle is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove through a first spring. Sliders are provided at both ends of the baffle, and sliding grooves cooperating with the sliders are provided on the sampling cylinder. The sliders are slidably embedded in the sliding grooves. An installation groove is provided at one end of the slider facing the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder. An insertion block is slidably embedded in the installation groove. One end of the insertion block is connected to the bottom of the installation groove through a second spring, and the other end extends outside the installation groove. The part of the insertion block extending outside the installation groove is an arc surface; a jack for the insertion block to insert is provided on the sliding groove. When the baffle closes the feeding port, the arc surface of the insertion block is inserted into the jack.

[0009] In this technical solution, it should be noted that when the sampling cylinder penetrates into the soil for sampling, its feeding port is extremely vulnerable to the extrusion and intrusion of the surrounding soil, resulting in the mixing of non-target layer soil into the sampling cylinder, which affects the accuracy and purity of sampling. Therefore, this solution ingeniously designs a baffle device to effectively close the feeding port during the drilling process. The specific principle is as follows: In the initial state, the feeding port is open, the baffle is located in the receiving groove, and the insertion block is also located in the installation groove due to the limitation of the sliding groove. Then, the staff pulls the baffle upward, causing the slider to move upward in the sliding groove. When the positions of the installation groove and the jack are opposite, the insertion block is inserted into the jack through the elastic force of the second spring to fix the baffle, thereby completing the closing of the feeding port. Then, the staff can start the first motor to implement the drilling work of the drill bit.

[0010] Preferably, a push block is slidably embedded in the jack. One end of the push block contacts the insertion block in the jack, and the other end extends outside the sampling cylinder. A transmission structure is provided on the transmission shaft. When the sampling cylinder rotates, the push block is pushed into the jack through the transmission structure.

[0011] In this technical solution, it should be noted that after the sampling cylinder accurately reaches the specified depth position in the soil, it needs to rely on its own rotational movement to cut and collect soil samples. During this process, the feeding port that was previously tightly sealed by the baffle must be opened in a timely manner to ensure that the soil can smoothly enter the sampling cylinder. For this purpose, a transmission structure is conceived in this solution, aiming to work in coordination with the rotational movement of the sampling cylinder. Specifically, when the sampling cylinder starts to rotate, this rotational force is transmitted to the push block through the transmission structure. The push block is pushed into the jack. As the push block goes deeper, it comes into contact with the part in the jack that originally held the plug block and gradually extrudes the plug block out of the jack and pushes it back into the installation groove. After this action is completed, the limiting effect of the jack on the plug block is immediately released. At this time, the first spring, using the tension it has accumulated, gently pulls the baffle back from the closed position until the baffle steadily falls into the limiting groove. With this movement of the baffle, the feeding port also automatically and smoothly opens, preparing for the subsequent soil sampling work. Throughout the process, all components work together smoothly and efficiently.

[0012] Preferably, a first guiding surface is provided on one side of the push block. The first guiding surface is inclined. A first right-angle surface is provided on the side of the push block away from the first guiding surface, and the first right-angle surface is perpendicular to the jack. One end of the transmission structure is connected to the transmission shaft, and the other end extends radially along the transmission shaft to the side of the first guiding surface. The transmission structure includes a fixed rod. The fixed rod is a hollow structure. A telescopic block is provided inside the fixed rod. One end of the telescopic block is connected to the inside of the fixed rod through a third spring, and the other end extends outside the fixed rod. A second guiding surface is provided on one side of the telescopic block. The second guiding surface is inclined, and the second guiding surface faces the first right-angle surface of the push block. A second right-angle surface is provided on the side of the telescopic block away from the second guiding surface, and the second right-angle surface is perpendicular to the fixed rod.

[0013] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the part of the pushing block extending outside the jack is in the shape of a right triangle, and the inclined surface of the right triangle is the first guiding surface. One of the surfaces in contact with the first guiding surface is the first right surface. The part of the telescopic block extending outside the fixed rod is also in the shape of a right triangle, and the inclined surface of this right triangle is the second guiding surface. One of the surfaces in contact with the second guiding surface is the second right surface. Since the first guiding surface is an inclined surface, when the first guiding surface receives the pressure coming from the opposite direction, the pressure will be decomposed in the direction towards the jack through the inclined surface, thereby causing the pushing block to be pressed into the jack. Similarly, since the second guiding surface is an inclined surface, when the second guiding surface receives the pressure coming from the opposite direction, the pressure will be decomposed in the direction towards the fixed rod through the inclined surface, thereby causing the pushing block to be pressed into the fixed rod. Secondly, in this solution, since both the first right surface and the second right surface are vertical surfaces, when the first right surface receives the pushing force from the opposite direction, the pushing block will not move. Similarly, when the second right surface receives the pushing force from the opposite direction, it will not move either. Based on the above principles, this solution combines the first guiding surface, the second guiding surface, the first right surface, and the second right surface together, enabling each surface to cooperate with each other. The specific principle is as follows: In the initial state, the feeding port is open, the baffle is located in the receiving groove, and the plug block is also located in the installation groove due to the limitation of the sliding groove. Then, the staff pulls the baffle upwards, causing the sliding block to move upwards in the sliding groove. When the positions of the installation groove and the jack are opposite, the plug block is inserted into the jack under the elastic force of the second spring, achieving the fixation of the baffle and thus completing the closing of the feeding port. After that, the staff starts the first motor and the lifting device, and the lifting device will steadily drive the top plate and the sampling cylinder and the drill bit thereon to descend until they are close to the target soil layer. Subsequently, the first motor starts to work, and its output shaft rotates clockwise. The first motor starts to work, and its output shaft rotates clockwise, driving the transmission shaft and the drill bit to rotate through the second electromagnetic bearing (the second electromagnetic bearing is closed and the first electromagnetic bearing is started). While rotating, the drill bit gradually penetrates into the soil. When the transmission shaft rotates clockwise, the fixed rod on the transmission shaft will also rotate clockwise. At this time, the second guiding surface of the telescopic block on the fixed rod will continuously touch the first right surface of the pushing block. During this process, the first right surface will press the telescopic block into the fixed rod, and the pushing block will not be pressed into the jack, ensuring that the baffle always closes the feeding port. When the sampling cylinder reaches the specified depth in the soil, the first motor is started again. At this time, due to the effect of the second electromagnetic bearing, the transmission shaft remains stationary, while the sampling cylinder rotates clockwise driven by the first electromagnetic bearing (the first electromagnetic bearing is closed and the second electromagnetic bearing is started) along with the output shaft. When the sampling cylinder rotates clockwise, the first guiding surface of the pushing block will first touch the second right surface of the telescopic block, causing the pushing block to be pushed into the jack. As the pushing block penetrates deeper, it comes into contact with the part in the jack that originally held the plug block and gradually extrudes the plug block out of the jack and back into the installation groove.After this action is completed, the limiting effect of the jack on the plug block is immediately released. At this time, the first spring uses the pulling force it has accumulated to gently pull the baffle back from the closed position until the baffle steadily falls into the limiting groove. Subsequently, when the sampling cylinder rotates, it can introduce the surrounding soil onto the supporting plate inside the sampling cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a scraper is further provided on the feed inlet. One end of the scraper is hinged to one side of the feed inlet. The scraper is connected to the sampling cylinder through a fourth spring, and the scraper is located inside the baffle.

[0015] In this technical solution, it should be noted that when the sampling cylinder rotates, after the baffle retracts into the receiving groove, the baffle releases the limit on the scraper, and the scraper expands outward under the action of the fourth spring, so as to introduce the soil around the sampling cylinder into the sampling cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, an inclined surface inclined towards the inside of the sampling cylinder is provided at the top of the baffle.

[0017] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the inclined surface provided has a guiding effect and can guide the soil at the top of the baffle towards the inside of the sampling cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, vertical grooves are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the two columns, and moving blocks slidably embedded in the vertical grooves are respectively provided on both sides of the top plate. A lead screw and a guide rod are respectively provided in the two vertical grooves. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the vertical grooves. One of the moving blocks is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and the other moving block is slidably sleeved on the guide rod. The lead screw is driven by a second motor.

[0019] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the second motor provided is used to drive the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw provided can drive the top plate to move up and down. That is, when the second motor is started, the lead screw rotates, and after the lead screw rotates, it can transmit its own rotational motion to the moving block, thereby causing the moving block threadedly connected to the lead screw to rise or fall.

[0020] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. In the present invention, through the designed lifting device, sampling cylinder, drill bit, first motor, and multiple ingeniously arranged feed ports and supporting plates, the device can efficiently and accurately perform soil sampling operations at different depths. In particular, due to the setting of the first electromagnetic bearing and the second electromagnetic bearing, it is ensured that during the process of penetrating the soil, the drill bit can rotate freely to break the soil, while the sampling cylinder remains stable and does not rotate. Because during the process of penetrating the soil, the non-rotation of the sampling cylinder can effectively reduce the possibility of non-target layer soil being mistakenly introduced into the sampling cylinder due to accidental contact with the feed port, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and purity of sampling. When the sampling cylinder precisely reaches the designated depth of the soil, driven by the first motor, the sampling cylinder starts to rotate. At this time, the drill bit remains stationary and no longer participates in the rotation action. This ingenious cooperation between rotation and stillness enables the sampling cylinder to smoothly introduce the soil at the target depth into the supporting plate through the feed port, completing the effective sampling of soil at different depths. The entire process ensures the accuracy of sampling.

[0022] 2. In the present invention, a baffle device is ingeniously designed to effectively close the feed port during the soil drilling process. The specific principle is as follows: In the initial state, the feed port is open, the baffle is located in the storage groove, and the insertion block is also located in the installation groove due to the limitation of the sliding groove. Subsequently, the staff pulls the baffle upward, causing the slider to move upward in the sliding groove. When the positions of the installation groove and the jack are opposite, the insertion block is inserted into the jack under the elastic force of the second spring to fix the baffle, thereby completing the closure of the feed port. After that, the staff can start the first motor to perform the soil drilling work of the drill bit;

[0023] 3. In the present invention, a transmission structure is conceived to work in coordination with the rotation action of the sampling cylinder. Specifically, when the sampling cylinder starts to rotate, this rotational force is transmitted to the push block through the transmission structure. The push block is pushed into the jack. As the push block goes deeper, it contacts the part in the jack that originally held the insertion block and gradually extrudes the insertion block from the jack and pushes it back into the installation groove. After this action is completed, the limiting effect of the jack on the insertion block is immediately lifted. At this time, the first spring, using the tensile force it has accumulated, gently pulls the baffle back from the closed position until the baffle steadily falls into the limiting groove. With this movement of the baffle, the feed port also automatically and smoothly opens, preparing for the subsequent soil sampling work. During the entire process, each component works in coordination, smoothly and efficiently;

[0024] 4. In the present invention, the first guiding surface, the second guiding surface, the first right-angle surface, and the second right-angle surface are combined together, enabling each surface to cooperate with each other to achieve that when the sampling cylinder is working, the baffle can automatically retract into the storage groove;

[0025] 5. In the present invention, after the baffle retracts into the receiving groove, the baffle releases the limit on the scraper, and the scraper expands outwards under the action of the fourth spring, so as to introduce the soil around the sampling cylinder into the sampling cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

[0027] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first motor and the sampling cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a top three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sampling cylinder of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram after cutting along A-A;

[0031] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sampling cylinder of the present invention after being cut transversely;

[0032] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a top structural schematic diagram of

[0033] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram after cutting along B-B;

[0034] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a top oblique three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of

[0035] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram when the baffle in 8 retracts into the receiving groove;

[0036] Figure 10 is Figure 9 a side oblique three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of

[0037] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the fixed rod, the sampling cylinder and the slider of the present invention after being cut;

[0038] Wherein: 1 - column, 2 - vertical groove, 3 - moving block, 5 - top plate, 6 - first motor, 7 - sampling cylinder, 8 - drill bit, 9 - output shaft, 10 - baffle, 11 - first electromagnetic bearing, 12 - transmission shaft, 13 - second electromagnetic bearing, 14 - supporting plate, 15 - feed inlet, 16 - storage groove, 17 - first spring, 18 - scraper, 19 - fourth spring, 20 - fixed rod, 21 - telescopic block, 22 - pushing block, 23 - slider, 24 - chute, 25 - installation groove, 26 - second spring, 27 - inserting block, 28 - inserting hole, 29 - first guiding surface, 30 - first right-angle surface, 31 - second guiding surface, 32 - second right-angle surface, 33 - third spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0042] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include indirect contact between the first and second features through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "under" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0044] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Such as Figures 1 - 11As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a sampling device for hydrogeological exploration, which includes two columns 1 arranged at intervals and a top plate 5 slidably connected to the two columns 1. An elevating device for driving the top plate 5 to move up and down is provided on the column 1. A first motor 6 is provided on the top plate 5. A sampling cylinder 7 is connected to the output shaft 9 of the first motor 6 through a first electromagnetic bearing 11. A transmission shaft 12 is arranged inside the sampling cylinder 7. The top of the transmission shaft 12 is connected to the output shaft 9 through a second electromagnetic bearing 13. The bottom of the transmission shaft 12 passes through the sampling cylinder 7 and is connected to a drill bit 8. A plurality of feed ports 15 communicating with its inner cavity are provided through the side wall of the sampling cylinder 7. The plurality of feed ports 15 are equidistantly arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the sampling cylinder 7. A supporting plate 14 corresponding to the number of the feed ports 15 is further arranged in the sampling cylinder 7. Each supporting plate 14 is located below the corresponding feed port 15. It should be noted that, first, regarding material selection, both the column 1 and the top plate 5 are made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant steel, ensuring the structural stability and service life of the entire device. The first motor 6 selects the current mature and reliable existing technology in the industry. As an electromagnetic device based on the law of electromagnetic induction, the motor can not only realize the conversion or transmission of electrical energy, but also efficiently convert one form of electrical energy into another form of electrical energy. In this solution, the output shaft 9 of the first motor 6 has a strong driving force and can drive the sampling cylinder 7 or the drill bit 8 to rotate respectively. The electromagnetic bearing adopts the existing technology. When the electromagnetic bearing is started, the electromagnetic bearing can use the electric field force and magnetic field force to separate one shaft from another shaft, so that one shaft cannot drive the other shaft to rotate. When the electromagnetic bearing is closed, the electromagnetic bearing connects one shaft with another shaft, so that one shaft can drive the other shaft to rotate. Specifically, when the drill bit 8 is drilling soil, the first electromagnetic bearing 11 is in the starting state and the second electromagnetic bearing 13 is in the closed state, that is, the main shaft of the first motor 6 will not drive the sampling cylinder 7 to rotate, but will drive the transmission shaft 12 to rotate. When soil sampling is required for the sampling cylinder 7, the first electromagnetic bearing 11 is closed and the second electromagnetic bearing 13 is started, that is, the motor will drive the sampling cylinder 7 to rotate and will not drive the transmission shaft 12 to rotate. When implementing this solution specifically, first start the first motor 6 and the elevating device. The elevating device will stably drive the top plate 5 and the sampling cylinder 7 and the drill bit 8 thereon to descend until it is close to the target soil layer. Subsequently, the first motor 6 starts to work. Its output shaft 9 rotates clockwise and drives the transmission shaft 12 and the drill bit 8 to rotate through the second electromagnetic bearing 13 (the second electromagnetic bearing 13 is closed and the first electromagnetic bearing 11 is started). While rotating, the drill bit 8 gradually penetrates into the soil. When the sampling cylinder 7 reaches the specified depth in the soil, start the first motor 6 again. At this time, due to the action of the second electromagnetic bearing 13, the transmission shaft 12 remains stationary, while the sampling cylinder 7 rotates clockwise with the output shaft 9 under the drive of the first electromagnetic bearing 11 (the first electromagnetic bearing 11 is closed and the second electromagnetic bearing 13 is started).This rotation method enables the feed ports 15 at different heights on the sampling cylinder 7 to sequentially introduce soils at different depth positions into the corresponding supporting plates 14, thus achieving precise collection of soil samples. In summary, in the present invention, through the designed lifting device, sampling cylinder 7, drill bit 8, first motor 6, and the ingeniously arranged multiple feed ports 15 and supporting plates 14, the device can efficiently and precisely sample soils at different depths. In particular, due to the arrangement of the first electromagnetic bearing 11 and the second electromagnetic bearing 13, it is ensured that during the process of the device penetrating into the soil, the drill bit 8 can freely rotate to break the soil, while the sampling cylinder 7 remains stable without rotating. Because during the process of penetrating into the soil, the non-rotation of the sampling cylinder 7 can effectively reduce the possibility that the soils in non-target layers are wrongly introduced into the sampling cylinder 7 due to accidental contact with the feed ports 15, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and purity of sampling. When the sampling cylinder 7 accurately reaches the specified depth of the soil, driven by the first motor 6, the sampling cylinder 7 starts to rotate. At this time, the drill bit 8 remains stationary and no longer participates in the rotation action. This ingenious cooperation of rotation and stillness enables the sampling cylinder 7 to smoothly introduce the soil at the target depth into the supporting plate 14 through the feed port 15, completing the effective sampling of soils at different depths. The whole process ensures the accuracy of sampling.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] Such as Figures 7 - 11As shown, this embodiment is substantially the same as the above embodiment, except that a receiving groove 16 is provided at the bottom of each feed inlet 15, a baffle 10 for closing the feed inlet 15 is provided at the feed inlet 15, the bottom of the baffle 10 is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove 16 through a first spring 17, sliders 23 are provided at both ends of the baffle 10, a sliding groove 24 cooperating with the sliders 23 is provided on the sampling cylinder 7, the sliders 23 are slidably embedded in the sliding groove 24, an installation groove 25 is provided at one end of the slider 23 facing the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder 7, a plug 27 is slidably embedded in the installation groove 25, one end of the plug 27 is connected to the bottom of the installation groove 25 through a second spring 26, and the other end extends out of the installation groove 25, and the part of the plug 27 extending out of the installation groove 25 is an arc surface; a jack 28 for the plug 27 to insert is provided on the sliding groove 24. When the baffle 10 closes the feed inlet 15, the arc surface of the plug 27 is inserted into the jack 28. It should be noted that when the sampling cylinder 7 penetrates into the soil for sampling, its feed inlet 15 is extremely vulnerable to the extrusion and intrusion of the surrounding soil, resulting in the mixing of non-target layer soil into the sampling cylinder 7, affecting the accuracy and purity of sampling. Therefore, this solution cleverly designs a baffle 10 device to effectively close the feed inlet 15 during the soil drilling process. The specific principle is as follows: In the initial state, the feed inlet 15 is open, the baffle 10 is located in the receiving groove 16, and the plug 27 is also located in the installation groove 25 due to the limitation of the sliding groove 24. Then, the staff pulls the baffle 10 upward, so that the slider 23 moves upward in the sliding groove 24. When the positions of the installation groove 25 and the jack 28 are opposite, the plug 27 is inserted into the jack 28 by the elastic force of the second spring 26 to fix the baffle 10, thereby completing the closing of the feed inlet 15. Then, the staff can start the first motor 6 to implement the soil drilling work of the drill bit 8.

[0049] As Figure 11As shown, in this embodiment, a push block 22 is slidably embedded in the jack 28. One end of the push block 22 contacts the plug 27 in the jack 28, and the other end extends outside the sampling cylinder 7. A transmission structure is provided on the transmission shaft 12. When the sampling cylinder 7 rotates, the push block 22 is pushed into the jack 28 through the transmission structure. It should be noted that since the sampling cylinder 7 needs to rely on its own rotation action to cut and collect soil samples after accurately reaching the specified depth position in the soil, during this process, the feed port 15 that was previously tightly sealed by the baffle 10 must be opened in a timely manner to ensure that the soil can smoothly enter the sampling cylinder 7. For this reason, a set of transmission structures are conceived in this solution to work in coordination with the rotation action of the sampling cylinder 7. Specifically, when the sampling cylinder 7 starts to rotate, this rotational force is transmitted to the push block 22 through the transmission structure. The push block 22 is pushed into the jack 28. As the push block 22 goes deeper, it contacts the part in the jack 28 that originally held the plug 27 and gradually extrudes the plug 27 from the jack 28 and pushes it back into the installation groove 25. After this action is completed, the limiting effect of the jack 28 on the plug 27 is immediately released. At this time, the first spring 17, using the tension it has accumulated, gently pulls the baffle 10 back from the closed position until the baffle 10 steadily falls into the limiting groove. As the baffle 10 moves, the feed port 15 also automatically and smoothly opens, preparing for the subsequent soil sampling work. Throughout the process, each component works together smoothly and efficiently.

[0050] As Figure 11As shown, in this embodiment, a first guiding surface 29 is provided on one side of the pushing block 22. The first guiding surface 29 is inclined. A first right-angle surface 30 is provided on the side of the pushing block 22 away from the first guiding surface 29. The first right-angle surface 30 is perpendicular to the insertion hole 28. One end of the transmission structure is connected to the transmission shaft 12, and the other end extends radially along the transmission shaft 12 to one side of the first guiding surface 29. The transmission structure includes a fixed rod 20. The fixed rod 20 has a cavity structure. A telescopic block 21 is provided inside the fixed rod 20. One end of the telescopic block 21 is connected to the inside of the fixed rod 20 through a third spring 33, and the other end extends outside the fixed rod 20. A second guiding surface 31 is provided on one side of the telescopic block 21. The second guiding surface 31 is inclined, and the second guiding surface 31 faces the first right-angle surface 30 of the pushing block 22. A second right-angle surface 32 is provided on the side of the telescopic block 21 away from the second guiding surface 31. The second right-angle surface 32 is perpendicular to the fixed rod 20. It should be noted that the part of the pushing block 22 extending outside the insertion hole 28 is in the shape of a right triangle. The inclined surface of the right triangle is the first guiding surface 29, and one of the surfaces in contact with the first guiding surface 29 is the first right-angle surface 30. The part of the telescopic block 21 extending outside the fixed rod 20 is also in the shape of a right triangle. The inclined surface of this right triangle is the second guiding surface 31, and one of the surfaces in contact with the second guiding surface 31 is the second right-angle surface 32. Since the first guiding surface 29 is an inclined surface, when the first guiding surface 29 receives an oncoming pressure, the pressure will be decomposed through the inclined surface in the direction towards the insertion hole 28, thereby causing the pushing block 22 to be pressed into the insertion hole 28. Similarly, since the second guiding surface 31 is an inclined surface, when the second guiding surface 31 receives an oncoming pressure, the pressure will be decomposed through the inclined surface in the direction towards the fixed rod 20, thereby causing the pushing block 22 to be pressed into the fixed rod 20. Secondly, in this solution, since both the first right-angle surface 30 and the second right-angle surface 32 are vertical surfaces, when the first right-angle surface 30 receives an oncoming thrust, the pushing block 22 will not move. Similarly, when the second right-angle surface 32 receives an oncoming thrust, it will not move either. Based on the above principle, this solution combines the first guiding surface 29, the second guiding surface 31, the first right-angle surface 30, and the second right-angle surface 32 together, enabling each surface to cooperate with each other. The specific principle is as follows: In the initial state, the feeding port 15 is open, the baffle 10 is located in the receiving groove 16, and the insertion block 27 is also located in the installation groove 25 due to the limitation of the sliding groove 24. Then, the staff pulls the baffle 10 upward, causing the sliding block 23 to move upward in the sliding groove 24. When the positions of the installation groove 25 and the insertion hole 28 are opposite, the insertion block 27 is inserted into the insertion hole 28 by the elastic force of the second spring 26, realizing the fixation of the baffle 10, and thus completing the closing of the feeding port 15. Then, the staff starts the first motor 6 and the lifting device, and the lifting device will stably drive the top plate 5 and the sampling cylinder 7 and the drill bit 8 thereon to descend until approaching the target soil layer.Subsequently, the first motor 6 starts to operate, and its output shaft 9 rotates clockwise. The first motor 6 starts to operate, and its output shaft 9 rotates clockwise. It drives the transmission shaft 12 and the drill bit 8 to rotate through the second electromagnetic bearing 13 (the second electromagnetic bearing 13 is closed and the first electromagnetic bearing 11 is activated). While rotating, the drill bit 8 gradually penetrates into the soil. When the transmission shaft 12 rotates clockwise, the fixed rod 20 on the transmission shaft 12 also rotates clockwise. At this time, the second guiding surface 31 of the telescopic block 21 on the fixed rod 20 will continuously touch the first right-angle surface 30 of the push block 22. During this process, the first right-angle surface 30 will press the telescopic block 21 into the fixed rod 20, and the push block 22 will not be pressed into the jack 28, so that the baffle 10 always closes the feed port 15. When the sampling cylinder 7 reaches the specified depth in the soil, the first motor 6 is started again. At this time, due to the action of the second electromagnetic bearing 13, the transmission shaft 12 remains stationary, while the sampling cylinder 7 rotates clockwise with the output shaft 9 under the drive of the first electromagnetic bearing 11 (the first electromagnetic bearing 11 is closed and the second electromagnetic bearing 13 is activated). When the sampling cylinder 7 rotates clockwise, the first guiding surface 29 of the push block 22 will first touch the second right-angle surface 32 of the telescopic block 21, causing the push block 22 to be pushed into the jack 28. As the push block 22 goes deeper, it contacts the part in the jack 28 that originally held the plug block 27 and gradually extrudes the plug block 27 from the jack 28 and pushes it back into the installation groove 25. After this action is completed, the limiting effect of the jack 28 on the plug block 27 is immediately released. At this time, the first spring 17 uses the tension it has accumulated to gently pull the baffle 10 back from the closed position until the baffle 10 steadily falls into the limiting groove. Subsequently, when the sampling cylinder 7 rotates, it can introduce the surrounding soil into the supporting plate 14 in the sampling cylinder 7.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] As Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, this embodiment is generally the same as the above embodiment. The difference is that a scraper 18 is further provided on the feed port 15. One end of the scraper 18 is hinged to one side of the feed port 15. The scraper 18 is connected to the sampling cylinder 7 through a fourth spring 19, and the scraper 18 is located inside the baffle 10. It should be noted that when the sampling cylinder 7 rotates, after the baffle 10 retracts into the storage groove 16, the baffle 10 releases the limit on the scraper 18, and the scraper 18 expands outward under the action of the fourth spring 19, so as to introduce the soil around the sampling cylinder 7 into the sampling cylinder 7.

[0053] As Figure 10 shown, in this embodiment, an inclined surface that inclines towards the inside of the sampling cylinder 7 is provided at the top of the baffle 10. It should be noted that the inclined surface provided has a guiding effect and can guide the soil at the top of the baffle 10 into the sampling cylinder 7.

[0054] Embodiment 4

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment is substantially the same as the above embodiment, except that vertical grooves 2 are respectively provided on one side of the two columns 1 facing each other, and moving blocks 3 that are slidably embedded in the vertical grooves 2 are respectively provided on both sides of the top plate 5. A lead screw and a guide rod are respectively provided in the two vertical grooves 2. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the vertical groove 2. One of the moving blocks 3 is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and the other moving block 3 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod. The lead screw is driven by a second motor. It should be noted that the second motor provided is used to drive the lead screw to rotate, and the lead screw provided can drive the top plate 5 to move up and down. That is, when the second motor is started, the lead screw rotates, and after the lead screw rotates, it can transmit its own rotational motion to the moving block 3, thereby causing the moving block 3 threadedly connected to the lead screw to rise or fall.

[0056] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0057] In the initial state, the feed inlet 15 is open, the baffle 10 is located in the storage groove 16, and the insertion block 27 is also located in the installation groove 25 due to the limitation of the sliding groove 24. Then, the staff pulls the baffle 10 upward, causing the slider 23 to move upward in the sliding groove 24. When the positions of the installation groove 25 and the insertion hole 28 are opposite, the insertion block 27 is inserted into the insertion hole 28 by the elastic force of the second spring 26, realizing the fixation of the baffle 10, and thus completing the closing of the feed inlet 15. After that, the staff starts the first motor 6 and the lifting device, and the lifting device will steadily drive the top plate 5 and the sampling cylinder 7 and the drill bit 8 thereon to descend until it approaches the target soil layer. Subsequently, the first motor 6 starts to work, and its output shaft 9 rotates clockwise. The first motor 6 starts to work, and its output shaft 9 rotates clockwise, driving the transmission shaft 12 and the drill bit 8 to rotate through the second electromagnetic bearing 13 (the second electromagnetic bearing 13 is closed and the first electromagnetic bearing 11 is started). While rotating, the drill bit 8 gradually penetrates into the soil. When the transmission shaft 12 rotates clockwise, the fixed rod 20 on the transmission shaft 12 will also rotate clockwise. At this time, the second guiding surface 31 of the telescopic block 21 on the fixed rod 20 will continuously touch the first right-angle surface 30 of the push block 22. During this process, the first right-angle surface 30 will press the telescopic block 21 into the fixed rod 20, while the push block 22 will not be pressed into the insertion hole 28, so that the baffle 10 always closes the feed inlet 15. When the sampling cylinder 7 reaches the specified depth in the soil, the first motor 6 is started again. At this time, due to the action of the second electromagnetic bearing 13, the transmission shaft 12 remains stationary, while the sampling cylinder 7 rotates clockwise driven by the output shaft 9 under the action of the first electromagnetic bearing 11 (the first electromagnetic bearing 11 is closed and the second electromagnetic bearing 13 is started). When the sampling cylinder 7 rotates clockwise, the first guiding surface 29 of the push block 22 will first touch the second right-angle surface 32 of the telescopic block 21, causing the push block 22 to be pushed into the insertion hole 28. As the push block 22 penetrates deeper, it contacts the part in the insertion hole 28 that originally blocked the insertion block 27 and gradually extrudes the insertion block 27 from the insertion hole 28 and pushes it back into the installation groove 25. After this action is completed, the limiting effect of the insertion hole 28 on the insertion block 27 is immediately released. At this time, the first spring 17 uses the tension accumulated by itself to gently pull the baffle 10 back from the closed position until the baffle 10 steadily falls into the limiting groove. When the baffle 10 retracts into the storage groove 16, the baffle 10 releases the limitation on the scraping plate 18, and the scraping plate 18 expands outward under the action of the fourth spring 19. Subsequently, when the sampling cylinder 7 rotates, it can guide the surrounding soil into the supporting plate 14 in the sampling cylinder 7 through the scraping plate 18.

[0058] The circuits, electronic components and modules involved are all prior arts and can be fully realized by those skilled in the art without further elaboration. The content protected by the present invention does not involve the improvement of software and methods either.

[0059] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0060] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A sampling device for hydraulic and environmental geological exploration, characterized in that: The invention comprises two columns (1) arranged at intervals and a top plate (5) slidably connected to the two columns (1); the columns (1) are provided with a lifting device for driving the top plate (5) to move up and down; the top plate (5) is provided with a first motor (6); the output shaft (9) of the first motor (6) is connected to a sampling barrel (7) via a first electromagnetic bearing (11); a transmission shaft (12) is provided inside the sampling barrel (7); the top of the transmission shaft (12) is connected to the output shaft (9) via a second electromagnetic bearing (13); the bottom of the transmission shaft (12) passes through the sampling barrel (7) and is connected to a drill bit (8); A plurality of feed ports (15) connected to the inner cavity of the sampling tube (7) are provided through the side wall of the sampling tube (7), and the plurality of feed ports (15) are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the sampling tube (7). A number of supporting plates (14) corresponding to the number of the feed ports (15) are also provided in the sampling tube (7), and each supporting plate (14) is located below the corresponding feed port (15).

2. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A receiving groove (16) is provided at the bottom of each of the feed ports (15), and a baffle (10) is provided at the feed port (15) for closing the feed port (15). The bottom of the baffle (10) is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove (16) via a first spring (17). Slide blocks (23) are provided at both ends of the baffle (10). A slide groove (24) cooperating with the slide block (23) is provided on the sampling tube (7). The slide block (23) is slidably embedded in the slide groove (24). The slide block (23) faces one side of the inner cavity of the sampling tube (7). A mounting groove (25) is provided at the end thereof, and an insert block (27) is slidably embedded in the mounting groove (25), one end of the insert block (27) is connected to the groove bottom of the mounting groove (25) through a second spring (26), and the other end extends outside the mounting groove (25), and the portion of the insert block (27) extending outside the mounting groove (25) is an arcuate surface; the slide groove (24) is provided with an insertion hole (28) for the insert block (27) to be inserted, and when the baffle plate (10) closes the feed port (15), the arcuate surface of the insert block (27) is inserted into the insertion hole (28).

3. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: A push block (22) is slidably embedded in the socket (28), one end of the push block (22) contacts the plug block (27) in the socket (28), and the other end extends outside the sampling tube (7). A transmission structure is provided on the transmission shaft (12), and when the sampling tube (7) rotates, the push block (22) is pushed into the socket (28) through the transmission structure.

4. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first guide surface (29) is provided on one side of the push block (22), the first guide surface (29) is inclined, and a first right-angle surface (30) is provided on the side of the push block (22) away from the first guide surface (29), the first right-angle surface (30) is perpendicular to the insertion hole (28); One end of the transmission structure is connected to the transmission shaft (12), and the other end extends along the radial direction of the transmission shaft (12) to one side of the first guide surface (29).

5. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission structure comprises a fixed rod (20), the fixed rod (20) is a hollow structure, a telescopic block (21) is arranged inside the fixed rod (20), one end of the telescopic block (21) is connected to the inside of the fixed rod (20) through a third spring (33), and the other end extends outside the fixed rod (20), a second guide surface (31) is arranged on one side of the telescopic block (21), the second guide surface (31) is inclined, and the second guide surface (31) faces the first right-angle surface (30) of the push block (22), and a second right-angle surface (32) is arranged on the side of the telescopic block (21) away from the second guide surface (31), and the second right-angle surface (32) is perpendicular to the fixed rod (20).

6. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The feed port (15) is also provided with a scraper (18), one end of which is hinged to one side of the feed port (15), the scraper (18) is connected to the sampling tube (7) via a fourth spring (19), and the scraper (18) is located on the inner side of the baffle (10).

7. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the baffle (10) is provided with an inclined surface inclined toward the inside of the sampling tube (7).

8. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical groove (2) is provided on one side opposite to the two upright posts (1), and a moving block (3) slidably embedded in the vertical groove (2) is provided on both sides of the top plate (5).

9. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to claim 8, characterized in that: A lead screw and a guide rod are respectively arranged in the two vertical grooves (2), and both ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the vertical grooves (2). One of the moving blocks (3) is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and the other moving block (3) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod.

10. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lead screw is driven by a second motor.

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