Ammonia gas field collecting device for magnetic type automatic sample changing

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic type automatic sample-changing ammonia gas field collection device, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural detection, the magnetic type automatic sample-changing ammonia gas field collection device comprises a collection device, a sample-changing mechanism is arranged on one side of the collection device, a sample-changing device box is arranged at one end, far away from the collection device, of the sample-changing mechanism, and a sample storage box is arranged below the sample-changing mechanism; the collecting device comprises a plurality of hollow PC guide pipes which are spliced and distributed in the vertical direction, a plurality of exchange ports are formed in the outer side wall of the hollow PC guide pipe located at the bottom, and the upper end of the hollow PC guide pipe located at the top is connected with a shielding cap in a supporting mode through a plurality of supporting frames distributed circumferentially. The magnetic type automatic sample changing ammonia gas field collection device is simple in structure, high in practicability and suitable for ammonia gas field collection operation of different soil planting and climates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural detection technology, and in particular to a magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device. Background Art

[0002] At present, as a major agricultural country, my country has a great demand for the use and production of nitrogen fertilizers. According to the Agricultural Economics Network, China's total nitrogen fertilizer use accounts for about 35% of the global total. Since the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the soil is usually around 40%, most of the nitrogen fertilizer applied to the soil will be transferred to the atmosphere and groundwater in other forms, thus causing environmental pollution. In general, the inefficiency of nitrogen fertilizer application will not only cause economic losses and waste of resources, but also pollute the surrounding environment and threaten our living conditions.

[0003] Nitrogen fertilizer is consumed through volatilization, runoff, leaching, nitrification and denitrification under the influence of factors such as farmland soil texture, precipitation, and microorganisms. Among them, the nitrogen lost by ammonia volatilization accounts for about 50% of the applied amount, so ammonia volatilization is considered to be one of the main ways of nitrogen loss in farmland. Ammonia volatilization not only causes non-point source pollution to farmland where nitrogen fertilizer is applied, affecting the atmospheric environment, but may also cause ammonia in the atmosphere to transfer to soil and water, causing the accumulation of ammonia content, and changing the ecological environment of soil-water. Therefore, determining a more efficient way to use nitrogen fertilizer and reducing ammonia volatilization in farmland as much as possible is of great significance for the sustainable development of agriculture and is also the focus of current research. In order to ensure that subsequent experiments can be carried out and implemented smoothly, our first task is to find a set of ammonia field collection devices and measurement methods that are simple to operate, accurate in measurement, and suitable for fields in my country.

[0004] Experimenters have conducted a series of studies and improvements on the devices and usage methods for ammonia collection. To date, ammonia field collection devices are mainly divided into the micrometeorological method, wind tunnel method, closed gas method, and ventilation method. Among them, the micrometeorological method and wind tunnel method require a large area of the measurement site and the device price is expensive. Moreover, in field experiments in the wild area, due to insufficient precision and error control of data, the experimental coefficient difficulty increases, so they have gradually been phased out; the closed gas method and ventilation method have been widely used in ammonia field detection and collection due to advantages such as simple devices, small floor area, and no need to use high-precision detection instruments and high-sensitivity experimental instruments. However, ammonia is in an unnatural gas collection state during the collection process using the closed gas method, resulting in some inevitable errors and being not applicable to experiments with high-precision requirements. Therefore, the ventilation method improved based on the closed gas method is currently the main usage method for experimenters to measure ammonia volatilization. The ventilation method not only ensures the gas circulation inside and outside the device but also takes into account the advantages of low coefficient of variation and high recovery rate in the closed gas method, playing an important role in in-situ measurement experiments in farmland. Although the ventilation method reduces the difference between the collection state and the natural state during the collection of ammonia volatilization to a certain extent, there are still the following deficiencies in dealing with the changes in the natural environment and the control of device details during the collection process: (1) Lack of measures and devices to cope with changes in the external environment. The upper sponge is largely exposed to the air, which easily causes the internal soaking solution to evaporate rapidly, be polluted by rainwater and other substances, and become saturated with ammonia absorption, thereby losing the function of blocking external ammonia from entering the device interior and affecting data validity; (2) The device is single and non-adjustable, and can only monitor ammonia volatilization in short or unplanted soil; (3) The device is large in volume, and the labor intensity is high during handling; (4) The bottom of the device blocks the flow of soil moisture and nutrients inside and outside the device, changing the internal and external environments of the device; (5) The lower sponge is installed with weak sealing and a short replacement time interval. Manual replacement is time-consuming and laborious and easily pollutes the sponge pad. Generally speaking, the current collection and monitoring of ammonia in the wild have large errors and obvious differences in the collection environment.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention provides a magnetically attracted automatic sample-changing ammonia field collection device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a magnetically attracted automatic sample-changing ammonia field collection device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention relates to a magnetic - adsorption type automatic sample - changing ammonia field collection device, which includes a collection device. A sample - changing mechanism is arranged at one side of the collection device. A sample - changing device box is arranged at one end of the sample - changing mechanism far away from the collection device, and a sample storage box is arranged below the sample - changing mechanism. The collection device includes a plurality of hollow PC conduits spliced vertically. A plurality of exchange ports are opened on the outer side wall of the hollow PC conduit at the bottom. The upper end of the hollow PC conduit at the top is supported and connected with a shielding cap through a plurality of circumferentially distributed support frames. The hollow PC conduits are symmetrically distributed up and down. The conduits are connected together by a plurality of symmetrically distributed telescopic support frames. The outer side walls of the conduits are connected together by magnetic adsorption buckles. A plurality of columns are circumferentially arranged on the inner side wall of the conduit at the lower part, and a sample - changing box is supported above the columns. The sample - changing box includes a fixed ring, a sponge pad is arranged inside the fixed ring, and PC mesh plates are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the fixed ring above and below the sponge pad.

[0008] Further, a plurality of grooves matching with the support frames are opened at the bottom end of the top plate of the shielding cap.

[0009] Further, the height of the shielding cap is higher than that of the support frame.

[0010] Further, the height of the sponge pad is higher than that of the fixed ring.

[0011] Further, the sample - changing mechanism includes a horizontal rotation and telescopic mechanism. The horizontal rotation and telescopic mechanism includes a horizontal telescopic component, and the bottom of the horizontal telescopic component is connected with a rotation driving component. A vertical telescopic tube is arranged at the top of the horizontal telescopic component of the horizontal rotation and telescopic mechanism, and a magnetic adsorption plate is arranged at the top of the vertical telescopic tube. One end of the horizontal telescopic component far away from the rotation driving component is provided with a horizontal inclined plate through an inclination angle adjusting mechanism.

[0012] Further, the sample - changing device box includes a box body. A feeding mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the box body. Sponge pad trays are distributed in a matrix along the vertical direction on the upper end surface of the feeding mechanism. A sample - changing box is placed above the sponge pad trays. A plurality of sample - changing box openings for the sample - changing box to enter and exit are opened on the side wall of the box body, and the number of the sample - changing boxes is the same as that of the sample - changing box openings. A small spring plate feeding mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the sample - changing device box far away from the sample - changing box opening, and the small spring plate feeding mechanism abuts against the outer side wall of the sample - changing box.

[0013] Furthermore, the sample storage box includes a storage device, a heat shrinkable film is laid on the top of the storage device, and a heat shrinkable film storage box is arranged at the top position of the outer side wall of the storage device; below the heat shrinkable film, heat cutting blade devices are distributed oppositely left and right on the inner side wall of the sample storage box, and the heat cutting blade devices are distributed alternately in the up and down directions.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat cutting blade device includes an electric push rod arranged on the inner side wall of the storage device. The electric push rod is connected to a blade assembly through a blade assembly mounting rod, and the blade assembly is connected to a power supply through a cable.

[0015] Furthermore, sliding limit blocks are symmetrically arranged on the lower end surface of the blade assembly. The sliding limit blocks are slidably arranged on sliding tracks, and the sliding tracks are opened on the inner side wall of the storage device.

[0016] Furthermore, the horizontal inclined plate includes a body. One end of the body is connected to the end of the horizontal telescopic assembly through a hinge structure. Stroke sliding grooves are symmetrically opened on the front and rear of the upper end surface of the body. A pull rope fixing block is slidably connected to the stroke sliding grooves. The upper end of the pull rope fixing block is fixedly connected to a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the tilt angle adjustment mechanism; The tilt angle adjustment mechanism includes an eccentric wheel shaft for fixedly connecting the pull rope. The eccentric wheel shaft is integrally formed with an eccentric wheel; one end of the central axis of the eccentric wheel is rotatably provided with an eccentric wheel mounting bracket, and the other end is key-connected to a driving device.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: The advantages of the magnetic adsorption type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device of the present invention are as follows: 1. The hollow PC conduit of the collection device is mainly made of transparent PC material, which ensures the light in the device and makes the collection environment closer to the environmental conditions of nature; 2. The upper shielding cap avoids the interference of precipitation on the experiment and blocks the entry of surrounding sundries such as sand and dust into the device; 3. The magnetic adsorption buckle cooperates with the sample changing mechanism, making the sample changing convenient and fast, shortening the sample changing time, and reducing the possibility of the sponge pad being polluted by external ammonia and other pollution sources; 4. The number of hollow PC conduits can be adjusted according to the ammonia volatilization collection height, which is convenient for monitoring the ammonia volatilization of farmland with different plant heights of crops; 5. The exchange port makes the soil nutrients and moisture inside and outside the collection device consistent; 6. The magnetic adsorption type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device is convenient to disassemble and is convenient for experimenters to transport.

[0018] In summary, the magnetic adsorption type automatic sample-changing ammonia field collection device of the present invention has a simple structure, strong practicability, and is suitable for ammonia field collection operations in different soil plantings and climates. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the description of the drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the front view of the magnetic adsorption type automatic sample-changing ammonia field collection device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the partial structure diagram of the collection device; Figure 3 It is the schematic structural diagram of the hollow PC catheter; Figure 4 It is the schematic structural diagram of the telescopic support frame; Figure 5 It is the exploded view of the sample-changing box; Figure 6 It is the sectional view of the sample storage box; Figure 7 It is the top view of the sample storage box; Figure 8 It is the splicing state diagram of the multi-layer hollow PC catheter; Figure 9 It is the front view of the horizontal rotation and telescopic mechanism; Figure 10 It is the partial top view of the horizontal rotation and telescopic mechanism; Figure 11 It is the sectional view of the vertical telescopic pipe structure; Figure 12 It is the structural diagram of the tilt angle adjustment mechanism; Figure 13 It is the structural diagram of the small spring plate feeding mechanism; Figure 14 It is the sectional view of the feeding mechanism; Description of the reference numerals: 1. shielding cap; 2. support frame; 3. sponge pad; 4. hollow PC catheter; 5. groove; 6. magnetic adsorption buckle; 7. telescopic support frame; 8. exchange port; 9. PC mesh plate; 10. fixed ring; 11. vertical telescopic pipe; 12. magnetic adsorption plate; 13. horizontal rotation and telescopic mechanism; 14. sample-changing device box; 15. sample-changing box; 16. sample-changing box opening; 17. sponge pad tray; 18. feeding mechanism; 19. small spring plate feeding mechanism; 20. heat shrinkable film storage box; 21. storage device; 22. sponge pad sample sealed and stored by heat shrinkable film; 23. horizontal inclined plate; 24. tilt angle adjustment mechanism; 25. sample storage box; 26. support column; 27. thermal cutting blade device; 28. blade assembly; 29. electric push rod; 30. blade assembly mounting rod; 31. sliding track; 32. sliding limit block; 11-1, Forward and reverse motor mounting box; 11-2, Bearing; 11-3, Rotating shaft; 11-4, Telescopic tube; 11-5, Nut; 11-6, Screw; 11-7, Limit rod; 13-1, Horizontal moving plate; 13-2, Moving platform; 13-3, Reducing motor; 13-4, Rack; 13-5, Gear; 13-6, Slide block; 13-7, Slide rail; 13-8, Bottom plate; 13-9, Fixed clamping strip; 13-10, Rotating tube; 18-1, Limit housing; 18-2, Lifting screw; 18-3, Limit groove; 18-4, Worm gear; 18-5, Worm; 18-6, Protective cylinder; 19-1, Small spring baffle; 19-2, Spring stretching line; 19-3, Rotatable fixed spool; 19-4, Small spring folding and compressing housing; 19-5, Small motor; 20-1, Roller; 20-2, Heat shrinkable film; 23-1, Pulling rope; 23-2, Pulling rope fixing block; 23-3, Stroke chute; 24-1, Eccentric wheel mounting bracket; 24-2, Driving device; 24-3, Eccentric wheel; 24-4, Eccentric wheel shaft. Specific embodiments

[0021] As Figure 1-14 shown, a magnetic adsorption type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device includes a collection device, a sample changing mechanism is installed on one side of the collection device, a sample changing device box 14 is installed at one end of the sample changing mechanism away from the collection device, and a sample storage box 25 is installed below the sample changing mechanism. The collection device includes a plurality of hollow PC conduits 4 spliced vertically. The hollow PC conduits are mainly made of transparent PC material, which ensures the light in the device and makes the collection environment closer to the environmental conditions of nature. A plurality of exchange ports 8 are opened on the outer side wall of the hollow PC conduit 4 at the bottom. During use, the hollow PC conduit 4 at the bottom is inserted into the soil about 10 cm, ensuring that the exchange ports 8 are completely covered by the soil layer, so that air, moisture, microorganisms, etc. in the soil can directly pass through the exchange ports 8 to keep the soil environment inside and outside the bottom of the hollow PC conduit 4 basically the same. The upper end of the hollow PC conduit 4 at the top is supported and connected with a shielding cap 1 through a plurality of circumferentially distributed support frames 2. A plurality of grooves 5 matching with the support frames 2 are opened at the bottom end of the top plate of the shielding cap 1, which can be quickly positioned and inserted. The height of the shielding cap 1 is higher than that of the support frame 2, which avoids the interference of precipitation on the experiment and blocks the entry of surrounding sundries such as sand and dust into the device. In addition, the number of hollow PC conduits 4 can be determined specifically according to the plant height. The specific operation is as Figure 8As shown, a certain number of hollow PC conduits 4 are stacked on top of the lower-layer hollow PC conduit 4 to increase the overall height of the collection device for monitoring plants with higher plant heights. The upper and lower hollow PC conduits 4 are fixedly connected together by means of screwing tightly in a spiral manner.

[0022] As Figure 3 , 4 , as shown in Figure 5, the hollow PC conduit 4 is a conduit symmetrically distributed up and down, and the conduits are connected together by a number of symmetrically distributed telescopic support frames 7. The outer side walls of the conduits are connected together by magnetic snap fasteners 6, and the magnetic snap fasteners 6 are tightly fastened for sealing and fixing the fixing ring 10 and the hollow PC conduit 4. A number of support columns 26 are circumferentially installed on the inner side wall of the lower conduit, and the upper part of the support columns 26 is used to support the sample-changing box 15, and the diameter of the sample-changing box 15 is slightly smaller than that of the fixing ring 10. The sample-changing box 15 includes a fixing ring 10, and a sponge pad 3 is installed inside the fixing ring 10. PC mesh plates 9 are symmetrically installed at the upper and lower ends of the fixing ring 10 above and below the sponge pad 3. The height of the sponge pad 3 is higher than that of the fixing ring 10, and the sponge pad 3 can be slightly compressed to achieve a sealed treatment. The telescopic support frame 7 is placed on the outer side wall of the hollow PC conduit 4. The telescopic support frame 7 includes a telescopic rod and a sleeve coaxially sleeved together. The telescopic rod is located inside the sleeve, and the bottom of the telescopic rod is driven to move up and down by a micro cylinder. The sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the hollow PC conduit 4. Specifically, the sleeve is fixedly installed on the lower conduit, and the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper conduit together.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, the sample-changing mechanism includes a horizontal rotation and telescopic mechanism 13. The horizontal rotation and telescopic mechanism 13 includes a horizontal telescopic component, and the bottom of the horizontal telescopic component is connected to a rotation driving component. Specifically, as Figure 9 , 10As shown in the figure, the rotary drive assembly includes a rotary tube 13-10 which is driven to rotate by a rotary drive device. The top of the rotary tube 13-10 is fixedly connected to a horizontal telescopic assembly through a plug-in fixing strip 13-9. The horizontal telescopic assembly includes a moving platform 13-2. The upper end of the moving platform 13-2 is provided with a bottom plate 13-8. A slide rail 13-7 is opened at the middle position of the bottom plate 13-8. A slider 13-6 is slidably connected in the slide rail 13-7. The top of the slider 13-6 is fixedly connected to a rack 13-4. The top of the rack 13-4 is fixedly connected to a horizontal moving plate 13-1. One side of the rack 13-4 is engaged with a gear 13-5. The gear 13-5 is connected by a rotating shaft to a reduction motor 13-3 located at the bottom of the bottom plate 13-8. The reduction motor is a forward and reverse motor. The top of the horizontal telescopic assembly is provided with a vertical telescopic tube 11. The top of the vertical telescopic tube 11 is provided with a magnetic attraction plate 12. Specifically, the horizontal telescopic assembly is driven to rotate by the rotary drive assembly, so as to realize the rotation of the vertical telescopic tube 11 driving the magnetic attraction plate 12, which is convenient for the axial rotation of the magnetic attraction plate 12. At the same time, in cooperation with the horizontal telescopic assembly driving the vertical telescopic tube 11 to move left and right in the horizontal direction and combined with its own up and down movement, the material taking and discharging of the magnetic attraction plate 12 are realized. One end of the horizontal telescopic assembly away from the rotary drive assembly is provided with a horizontal inclined plate 23 through an inclination angle adjusting mechanism 24. The replaced sample box 15 is temporarily stored through the horizontal inclined plate 23, and the sample box 15 is placed in the lower sample storage box 25.

[0024] As Figure 11 shown, the vertical telescopic tube 11 includes a forward and reverse motor mounting box 11-1. A forward and reverse motor is arranged in the forward and reverse motor mounting box 11-1. The output end of the forward and reverse motor is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 11-3. The other end of the rotating shaft 11-3 is fixedly connected to a screw rod 11-6. A nut 11-5 is threadedly connected to the outer periphery of the screw rod 11-6. An expansion tube 11-4 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the nut 11-5. The upper end of the expansion tube 11-4 is fixedly installed with a magnetic attraction plate 12. A chute is opened inside the expansion tube 11-4. A limiting rod 11-7 is slidably installed in the chute. The bottom of the limiting rod 11-7 passes through the chute and is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the forward and reverse motor mounting box 11-1. Specifically, the forward and reverse motor rotates, driving the screw rod 11-6 to rotate. Since the nut 11-5 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 11-6 and the nut 11-5 is fixedly connected to the expansion tube 11-4, the expansion tube 11-4 can only move up and down under the limiting action of the limiting rod 11-7 and cannot rotate. Therefore, the nut 11-5 moves up and down on the screw rod 11-6, and then drives the expansion tube 11-4 to move up and down, finally realizing the up and down movement of the magnetic attraction plate 12.

[0025] As Figure 12As shown, the horizontal inclined plate 23 includes a body. One end of the body is hinged to the end of the horizontal telescopic assembly through a hinge structure. On the upper end face of the body, travel chutes 23-3 are symmetrically arranged in the front and rear. A rope fixing block 23-2 is slidably connected to the travel chutes 23-3. The upper end of the rope fixing block 23-2 is fixedly connected to a pull rope 23-1, and the other end of the pull rope 23-1 is fixedly connected to the tilt angle adjustment mechanism 24. The tilt angle adjustment mechanism 24 includes an eccentric wheel shaft 24-4 for fixedly connecting the pull rope 23-1, and an eccentric wheel 24-3 is integrally formed on the eccentric wheel shaft 24-4. One end of the central axis of the eccentric wheel 24-3 is rotatably installed with an eccentric wheel mounting bracket 24-1, and the other end is key-connected to a driving device 24-2. Specifically, when the eccentric wheel 24-3 rotates, the eccentric wheel shaft 24-4 on it makes a circular motion with the central axis as the center. When the eccentric wheel shaft 24-4 moves, it drives the pull rope 23-1 to move together, and the pull rope 23-1 pulls the rope fixing block 23-2 to move left and right on the travel chutes 23-3. When it moves to the left, under the action of its own gravity, the end of the body of the horizontal inclined plate 23 away from the eccentric wheel 24-3 tilts downward for guiding materials into the lower storage box 25. When it moves to the right, under the pulling force of the pull rope 23-1, the end of the body of the horizontal inclined plate 23 away from the eccentric wheel 24-3 tilts upward for temporarily storing the sample replacement box 15 to prevent it from falling.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the sample replacement device box 14 includes a box body. An upper feeding mechanism 18 is installed at the bottom of the box body. Sponge pad trays 17 are distributed in a matrix along the vertical direction on the upper end face of the upper feeding mechanism 18. In order to facilitate material taking, several pillar structures for support are arranged between the upper and lower sponge pad trays 17 to prevent the upper and lower sponge pad trays 17 from squeezing the sample replacement box 15. There is a gap for the magnetic attraction plate 12 to move between the upper sponge pad tray 17 and the top of the lower sample replacement box 15, which is convenient for material taking.

[0027] As Figure 14As shown, the loading mechanism 18 includes a lifting screw 18-2. A worm gear 18-4 is threadedly connected to the outer periphery of the lifting screw 18-2. The worm gear 18-4 meshes with a worm 18-5, and the worm 18-5 is driven to rotate by a forward and reverse servo motor. Limiting shells 18-1 are sleeved outside both the worm gear 18-4 and the lifting screw 18-2. A limiting groove 18-3 is formed in the lifting screw 18-2. The limiting shell 18-1 and the limiting groove 18-3 are connected together by a key connection to restrict the rotation of the lifting screw 18-2 so that it can only move up and down to meet the requirements of the lead screw principle. In addition, a protective cylinder 18-6 for protecting the lifting screw 18-2 is installed at the bottom of the limiting shell 18-1. Specifically, the forward and reverse servo motor drives the worm 18-5 to rotate. The worm 18-5 drives the meshing worm gear 18-4 to rotate, and the worm gear 18-4 drives the lifting screw 18-2 to perform lifting operations under the limitation. The height of each lift is slightly larger than the height of the sponge pad tray 17 + the sample changing box 15, realizing precise feeding and preparing for the subsequent discharging and the small spring plate feeding mechanism 19, facilitating the subsequent sampling operation.

[0028] A sample changing box 15 is placed above the sponge pad tray 17. A plurality of sample changing box openings 16 for the sample changing box 15 to enter and exit are formed in the side wall of the box body. The number of the sample changing boxes 15 is the same as that of the sample changing box openings 16. A small spring plate feeding mechanism 19 is arranged on the side wall of the top of the sample changing device box 14 away from the sample changing box openings 16. The small spring plate feeding mechanism 19 abuts against the outer side wall of the sample changing box 15. A certain volume of phosphoglycerol solution (50 mL phosphoric acid + 40 mL glycerol, made up to 1000 mL) is placed in the sponge pad tray 17 (the volume of this solution should be completely absorbed by the sponge pad and be in a non-dripping state) to ensure that the sponge pad 3 is always in a wet state before use. Specifically, the magnetic attracting plate 12 on the sample changing mechanism enters the box body from the sample changing box opening 16, adsorbs the top of the sample changing box 15, and transports it out to realize the sampling operation of the sample changing box 15. After the sampling is completed, the opening of the sample changing box opening 16 is closed.

[0029] As Figure 13As shown in the figure, the small spring plate feeding mechanism 19 includes a spring. Small spring baffles 19-1 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spring. The small spring baffles 19-1 are connected together by a spring stretching wire 19-2. One end of the spring stretching wire 19-2 is fixedly connected to the left small spring plate feeding mechanism 19-1, and the other end passes through the right small spring plate feeding mechanism 19-1 and is wound around a rotatable fixed spool 19-3. The center position of the rotatable fixed spool 19-3 is key-connected to the output shaft of a small motor 19-5, and the small motor 19-5 is a forward and reverse motor. The outer peripheries between the left and right small spring plate feeding mechanisms 19-1 are connected together by a small spring folding and compressing housing 19-4, and the small spring folding and compressing housing 19-4 performs compression and stretching operations as the spring is compressed or stretched. Specifically, through the elasticity of the spring itself, one end of the sample changing box 15 is ejected from the sample changing box opening 16, facilitating magnetic pickup by the magnetic attraction plate 12; after sampling, the small motor 19-5 drives the rotatable fixed spool 19-3 to rotate, so that the spring stretching wire 19-2 drives the left small spring plate feeding mechanism 19-1 to move to the right, the spring compresses and resets, providing necessary space for feeding the bottom sample changing box 15, and enabling the bottom sample changing box 15 to move upward unobstructed.

[0030] As Figure 6 , 7 As shown in the figure, the sample storage box 25 includes a storage device 21. A heat shrinkable film 20-2 is laid on the top of the storage device 21. A heat shrinkable film storage box 20 is installed at the top position of the outer side wall of the storage device 21. A roller 20-1 for winding the heat shrinkable film is rotatably installed in the heat shrinkable film storage box 20, and the heat shrinkable film 20-2 is wound around the roller 20-1. When the heat shrinkable film 20-2 is laid for the first time, it is manually laid so that the heat shrinkable films 20-2 on both sides converge to the center position, and the two ends of the film are tied or heat-melted together to prepare for subsequent automatic storage of the sample changing box 15. The surface of the heat shrinkable film 20-2 is coated with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) electret layer (thickness 10 μm), which has electrostatic adsorption and can meet the requirement of approaching the center without the pressure of heavy objects. Heat cutting blade devices 27 are distributed oppositely left and right on the inner side wall of the sample storage box 25 below the heat shrinkable film 20-2, and the heat cutting blade devices 27 are distributed alternately in the up and down directions.

[0031] The hot cutting blade device 27 includes an electric push rod 29 installed on the inner side wall of the storage device 21. The electric push rod 29 is connected to a blade assembly 28 through a blade assembly mounting rod, and the blade assembly 28 is connected to a power source through a cable. The blade assembly 28 adopts a double-blade cross layout, is in the shape of wider outside and narrower inside, and is made of a metal with high temperature resistance and good heat conduction. A resistance wire is embedded inside, and the heat generated by the resistance wire makes the blade reach a suitable temperature (such as 200°C - 300°C). When the heat shrinkable film 20-2 converges to the blade, the high-temperature blade cuts the heat shrinkable film 20-2, and at the same time, the melted film edges adhere together under the action of pressure and high temperature, realizing the sealing of the sponge pad sample. Symmetrically installed on the lower end surface of the blade assembly 28 are sliding limit blocks 32, which are slidably installed on a sliding track 31 opened on the inner side wall of the storage device 21. The sliding limit blocks 32 limit the stable movement of the blade assembly 28 in the horizontal direction and prevent axial rotation, thus ensuring the smooth progress of subsequent cutting operations. Specifically, the electric push rod 29 is used to push the blade assembly 28 to move towards each other. When the blade assembly 28 gathers the heat shrinkable film 20-2 together, the electric push rod 29 decelerates or pauses, giving the heat shrinkable film 20-2 the time required for hot melting. Then, it continues to push the blade assembly 28 to move until the blade assembly 28 crosses, realizing the cutting of the heat shrinkable film 20-2. The sponge pad sample 22 sealed by the heat shrinkable film 20-2 after cutting falls to the bottom of the storage device 21.

[0032] In addition, to avoid the heat shrinkable film 20-2 being contaminated when loading the sponge pad sample, before each use, the blade assembly 28 moves towards the center under the action of the electric push rod 29, and at the same time, the heating wire of the blade assembly 28 is energized to generate heat and acts on the heat shrinkable film 20-2, making the heat shrinkable film 20-2 close inward and melt and adhere together. Finally, it is cut. When cutting, the lower part of the heat shrinkable film 20-2 adhered together is cut, and the upper part remains adhered, forming a heat shrinkable film 20-2 that can wrap the sample replacement box 15 and is not exposed to the air for a long time. In this embodiment, through multiple experiments, the time required for the heat shrinkable film 20-2 to be hot melted is 0.5 - 2 s.

[0033] Similar to the above magnetic attraction buckle 6 and magnetic attraction plate 12, it is usually composed of an iron core and a coil wound around the iron core. When the magnetic attraction plate 12 is energized, current passes through the coil. According to Ampere's rule, a magnetic field will be generated around the coil, and this magnetic field will magnetize the iron core, thus making the entire magnetic attraction plate magnetic. The iron core is generally made of soft magnetic material, and its characteristic is that it can be quickly magnetized when a magnetic field is generated by energization, and can quickly lose its magnetism after power off, so as to flexibly control the magnetic state of the magnetic attraction plate according to needs.

[0034] The operation process of the present invention is as follows: Sampling: The hollow PC conduit 4 at the bottom is inserted about 10 cm into the soil to ensure that the exchange port 8 is completely covered by the soil layer. The number of hollow PC conduits 4 depends on the plant height. The sample-changing box 15 is placed inside the upper PC conduit 4 and sealed with an empty magnetic snap 6. The sponge pad 3 inside the sample-changing box 15 is used to collect ammonia gas. Storage: First, the blade assembly 28 in the sample storage box 25 cuts the empty heat shrinkable film 20-2. Then, under the action of the pull rope 23-1, the end of the horizontal inclined plate 23 tilts upward. After that, the telescopic support frame 7 extends, and the upper and lower conduits of the hollow PC conduit 4 are separated, exposing the sample-changing box 15. Then, the vertical telescopic tube 11 drives the magnetic attraction plate 12 to reach a position at the same height as the sample-changing box 15 inside the hollow PC conduit 4. The rotary drive assembly drives the magnetic attraction plate 12 to rotate to a state convenient for sampling. The horizontal telescopic assembly then drives the magnetic attraction plate 12 to move towards the hollow PC conduit 4. In the case of being electrified and magnetic, the magnetic attraction plate 12 adsorbs the sample-changing box 15 and drives the sample-changing box 15 to retract with the horizontal telescopic assembly until it reaches directly above the horizontal inclined plate 23. Then, the magnetic attraction plate 12 is powered off and demagnetized, and the sample-changing box 15 falls under its own gravity onto the horizontal inclined plate 23 below. Finally, under the action of the pull rope 23-1, the end of the horizontal inclined plate 23 tilts downward, and the sample-changing box 15 on it slides down under gravity onto the new heat shrinkable film 20-2 on the top surface of the sample storage box 25 below, and finally falls into the sample storage box 25 under the operation of the blade assembly 28 for heat sealing and then cutting. Sample changing: First, the sample-changing box opening 16 of the sample-changing device box 14 is opened, and the small spring plate feeding mechanism 19 ejects one end of the sample-changing box 15 out of the sample-changing box opening 16. Then, the magnetic attraction plate 12 rotates to one end of the sample-changing box opening 16 under the action of the rotary drive assembly and is lifted to a suitable height through the vertical telescopic tube 11. After that, the horizontal telescopic assembly drives the magnetic attraction plate 12 to move to the upper part of the sample-changing box 15. The magnetic attraction plate 12 is electrified and magnetic, adsorbs the sample-changing box 15, and drives the sample-changing box 15 out of the sample-changing device box 14. Then, under the joint action of the horizontal telescopic assembly, the rotary drive assembly and the vertical telescopic tube 11, the sample-changing box 15 reaches between the upper and lower conduits of the hollow PC conduit 4 under the adsorption of the magnetic attraction plate 12. The magnetic attraction plate 12 is powered off and demagnetized, the sample-changing box 15 falls, and the magnetic attraction plate 12 is removed. Finally, the telescopic support frame 7 compresses the sample-changing box 15 and cooperates with the magnetic snap 6 for sealing, and the sampling operation is carried out again. At the same time, the sample-changing box opening 16 is closed, the small spring plate feeding mechanism 19 resets, and the feeding mechanism 18 at the bottom of the sample-changing device box 14 pushes the sponge pad tray 17 upward, moves the empty sponge pad tray 17 into the upper space, and the next sponge pad tray 17 for preventing the sample-changing box 15 reaches the position of the sample-changing box opening 16 to prepare for the next sampling.

[0035] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device, characterized by: The invention comprises a collection device, wherein a sample changing mechanism is arranged on one side of the collection device, a sample changing device box (14) is arranged at one end of the sample changing mechanism away from the collection device, and a sample storage box (25) is arranged below the sample changing mechanism; the collection device comprises a plurality of hollow PC tubes (4) spliced ​​and distributed in a vertical direction, a plurality of exchange ports (8) are opened on the outer side wall of the hollow PC tube (4) at the bottom, and a shielding cap (1) is connected to the upper end of the hollow PC tube (4) at the top through a plurality of circumferentially distributed support frames (2); the upper end of the hollow PC tube (4) The tubes are symmetrically arranged at the bottom, the tubes are connected together by a plurality of symmetrically arranged retractable support frames (7), the outer walls of the tubes are connected together by magnetic buckles (6), a plurality of pillars (26) are arranged on the circumference of the inner wall of the tube located at the bottom, and the upper part of the pillars (26) is used to support a sample changing box (15); the sample changing box (15) comprises a fixed ring (10), a sponge pad (3) is arranged inside the fixed ring (10), and PC mesh panels (9) are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the fixed ring (10) at the upper and lower positions of the sponge pad (3); The sample changing mechanism comprises a horizontal rotating telescopic mechanism (13), the horizontal rotating telescopic mechanism (13) comprising a horizontal telescopic assembly, the bottom of the horizontal telescopic assembly being connected to a rotating drive assembly; a vertical telescopic tube (11) is arranged at the top of the horizontal telescopic assembly of the horizontal rotating telescopic mechanism (13), and a magnetic attraction plate (12) is arranged at the top of the vertical telescopic tube (11); a horizontal tilting plate (23) is arranged at one end of the horizontal telescopic assembly away from the rotating drive assembly via a tilting angle adjustment mechanism (24).

2. The magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of grooves (5) matching with the support frame (2) are provided at the bottom end of the top plate of the shielding cap (1).

3. The magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the shielding cap (1) is higher than the height of the supporting frame (2).

4. The magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the sponge pad (3) is higher than the height of the fixing ring (10).

5. The magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample changing device box (14) comprises a box body, a loading mechanism (18) is arranged at the bottom of the box body, a sponge pad tray (17) is arranged in a matrix along the vertical direction on the upper end surface of the loading mechanism (18), a sample changing box (15) is placed above the sponge pad tray (17), a plurality of sample changing box openings (16) for the sample changing box (15) to enter and exit are opened on the side wall of the box body, and the number of the sample changing boxes (15) and the sample changing box openings (16) are the same; a small spring plate feeding mechanism (19) is arranged on the side wall of the top of the sample changing device box (14) away from the sample changing box opening (16), and the small spring plate feeding mechanism (19) abuts against the outer side wall of the sample changing box (15).

6. The magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample storage box (25) includes a storage device (21), the top of the storage device (21) is covered with a heat shrink film, and a heat shrink film storage box (20) is arranged at the top position of the outer wall of the storage device (21); below the heat shrink film, there are heat cutting blade devices (27) relatively distributed on the left and right sides of the inner wall of the sample storage box (25), and the heat cutting blade devices (27) are alternately distributed in the upper and lower directions.

7. The magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal cutting blade device (27) comprises an electric push rod (29) arranged on the inner side wall of the storage device (21); the electric push rod (29) is connected to the blade assembly (28) via a blade assembly mounting rod; and the blade assembly (28) is connected to a power source via a cable.

8. The magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sliding limit block (32) is symmetrically arranged on the lower end surface of the blade assembly (28), and the sliding limit block (32) is slidably arranged on a sliding track (31), and the sliding track (31) is arranged on the inner side wall of the storage device (21).

9. The magnetic suction type automatic sample changing ammonia field collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal tilting plate (23) comprises a body, one end of the body is connected to the end of the horizontal telescopic assembly via a hinge structure, a travel slide groove (23-3) is symmetrically provided on the upper end face of the body, a pull rope fixing block (23-2) is slidably connected to the travel slide groove (23-3), the upper end of the pull rope fixing block (23-2) is fixedly connected to the pull rope (23-1), and the other end of the pull rope (23-1) is fixedly connected to the tilting angle adjustment mechanism (24); The tilt angle adjustment mechanism (24) comprises an eccentric wheel shaft (24-4) for fixedly connecting the pull rope (23-1), the eccentric wheel shaft (24-4) being integrally formed with an eccentric wheel (24-3); an eccentric wheel mounting frame (24-1) is rotatably provided at one end of the central axis of the eccentric wheel (24-3), and the other end is key-connected to a driving device (24-2).

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