Simulation method and system for improving stress of cable joint packaging structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a simulation method and system for improving stress of a cable joint packaging structure and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a geometric model of a cable joint; distributing material attribute parameters of the geometric model; adding a physical field and boundary conditions to the geometric model; carrying out grid division on the geometric model, and carrying out finite element simulation calculation; determining a stress concentration amplitude and a distribution area of the geometric model; judging a stress weak position; replacing the toughened material attribute parameters with the toughened material attribute parameters, and performing finite element simulation calculation again; evaluating a finite element simulation result, and selecting an optimal material attribute parameter; and the cable joint is guided to be subjected to toughening treatment. A stress distribution cloud picture of a cable joint is generated by simulating the cable joint before and after power-on operation at a low temperature, then a weak reliability area of the cable joint at the low temperature is identified, a simulation system is used for simulating toughening, and an optimal toughening mode is analyzed through evaluation and comparison, so that the stress concentration problem in the cable joint is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cables, and particularly relates to a simulation method, system and electronic device for improving the stress of a cable joint encapsulation structure. Background Art

[0002] As a multi-layer solid composite dielectric insulation structure accessory for realizing the electrical connection of cables, a cable joint is a weak link in the cable system. Its structure is complex and the required installation accuracy is high. As a result, cable failures caused thereby account for about 64% or more of the total failure ratio. The epoxy encapsulation structure of the cable joint is an important insulation and mechanical connection structure in the intermediate joint of the cable (especially the ±500 kV cable), and its reliability directly affects the safe and stable operation of the intermediate joint and even the entire cable power transmission system.

[0003] The joint cracking problem caused by the stress concentration effect is a typical failure type of cable joints. With the increase in extremely low temperature weather in recent years, epoxy encapsulation structure cracking accidents caused by material performance degradation and stress concentration occur frequently. The mechanical reliability margin of existing cable joints is small and it is difficult to meet the reliability requirements under low temperature weather. By increasing the toughness of the epoxy encapsulation structure in the cable joint, the deformation ability of the cable joint can be improved to meet the reliability requirements under low temperature weather, but the rigidity of the cable joint decreases and the cable performance deteriorates. In the traditional cable production process, product experiments such as thermal shock experiments are generally used for testing. The testing process is cumbersome and the testing cost is high.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a method with low cost and high efficiency to improve the stress of the cable joint encapsulation structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a simulation method, system and electronic device for improving the stress of a cable joint encapsulation structure, and specifically adopts the following technical solutions: A simulation method for improving the stress of a cable joint encapsulation structure, which includes the following steps: Obtain the design dimensions of the cable joint and establish a geometric model of the cable joint; Set the material property parameters of different structural layers in the geometric model according to the materials of different structural layers in the cable joint; Add physical fields to different structural layers of the geometric model respectively, set the boundary conditions of the physical fields in combination with the operating conditions, and couple multiple physical fields; Perform mesh division on the geometric model and perform finite element simulation calculation; Analyze the finite element simulation results of the geometric model to determine the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; Determine the stress weak position based on the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; Replace the material property parameters of the stress weak position with the material property parameters after toughening treatment, and re - conduct the finite element simulation calculation; Evaluate the finite element simulation results of the geometric model after toughening treatment, and select the optimal material property parameters; Guide the toughening treatment of the cable joint according to the optimal material property parameters.

[0006] Optionally: The geometric model includes an outer protective shell, a shielding layer, a crimping body, a stress cone, an XLPE layer, a conductor, an insulation shielding layer, a wedge - shaped cylinder, and an epoxy insulation layer, and the geometric model adopts a two - dimensional axisymmetric model.

[0007] Optionally: The material property parameters at least include material density, thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio.

[0008] Optionally: The physical fields at least include: solid mechanics field, solid heat transfer field, and thermal - mechanical coupling field Optionally: The setting of the boundary conditions of the physical fields according to different operating conditions includes: Set the boundary conditions of the solid mechanics field according to the actual operating conditions and set the boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer field according to the actual operating conditions; The boundary conditions of the solid mechanics field include adding fixed constraint conditions to the geometric model according to the actual installation state of the cable joint; The boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer field include setting the boundary temperature of the geometric model and setting the temperature of the conductor in the geometric model.

[0009] Optionally: The operating conditions include the operating state before the cable joint is energized and the operating state after the cable joint is energized; Under the operating state before the cable joint is energized, the boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer field of the geometric model include setting the overall temperature of the geometric model to be the same as the ambient temperature; Under the operating state after the cable joint is energized, the boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer field of the geometric model include setting the boundary temperature of the geometric model to be the same as the ambient temperature, and setting the temperature of the conductor in the geometric model to be the energized operating temperature, and the energized operating temperature is the actual temperature of the conductor in the cable joint after being energized.

[0010] Optionally: The coupling condition of the thermal - mechanical coupling field includes setting the material thermal strain parameter in the solid mechanics field.

[0011] The present invention also discloses a simulation system applying the above - mentioned simulation method for improving the stress of the cable joint encapsulation structure, which includes: A geometric model establishment module, configured to establish a geometric model of the cable joint according to the design dimensions of the cable joint; A material parameter setting module, configured to set material property parameters for different structural layers of the geometric model according to the materials used in different structural layers of the cable joint; A physical field establishment module, configured to add corresponding physical fields to the geometric model, and set boundary conditions and multi-physical field coupling conditions of each physical field according to actual operating conditions; A simulation processing module, configured to perform mesh division on the geometric model, and perform finite element simulation calculations on the geometric model in combination with the boundary conditions, the multi-physical field coupling conditions, and the material property parameters to obtain the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; A result analysis module, configured to analyze the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of each layer in the geometric model, and evaluate the stress weak area of the geometric model; A toughening treatment module, configured to replace the material property parameters of the stress weak area of the geometric model, and re-perform the simulation calculations of the simulation calculation module.

[0012] In addition, the present invention discloses an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the steps of the simulation method for improving the stress of the cable joint package structure as described above are implemented. Beneficial effects

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention obtains the following beneficial effects: The method of the present invention can simulate the physical properties of the cable joint by establishing a geometric model of the cable joint and setting material property parameters of different structural layers. By adding physical fields, setting boundary conditions, and performing multi-physical field coupling, the performance of the cable joint under different operating conditions can be simulated. Through finite element simulation calculations, the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model can be determined. Then, according to the principal stress distribution of the geometric model, the material property parameters of the stress weak position are replaced with the material property parameters after typical toughening, and finite element simulation calculations are performed again to evaluate the performance of the toughened material. This method helps to optimize the structural design and material selection of the cable joint, and improve its performance and reliability at low temperatures. Description of the drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the method for improving the stress of the cable joint package structure at low temperature in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cable joint in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is the contour map of the gravitational force distribution in the epoxy insulation layer of the cable joint at low temperature before power-on in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is the contour map of the gravitational force distribution in the epoxy insulation layer of the cable joint at low temperature after power-on in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is the contour map of the gravitational force distribution in the toughened epoxy insulation layer before power-on under low temperature conditions in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 It is the contour map of the gravitational force distribution in the toughened epoxy insulation layer after power-on under low temperature conditions in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The specific meanings of the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: 1 - Outer protective shell; 2 - Shielding layer; 3 - Crimping tube; 4 - Stress cone; 5 - XLPE layer; 6 - Conductor; 7 - Insulation shielding layer; 8 - Wedge-shaped cylinder; 9 - Epoxy insulation layer. Embodiment

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all exemplary and are intended to provide further explanations for the present application.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0023] Combined with Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment specifically discloses a method for improving the stress of the cable joint packaging structure at low temperature, which includes the following steps: Obtain the design dimensions of the cable joint and establish the geometric model of the cable joint; Set the material property parameters of different structural layers in the geometric model according to the materials of different structural layers in the cable joint; Add physical fields to different structural layers of the geometric model respectively, set the boundary conditions of the physical fields in combination with the operating conditions, and couple multiple physical fields; Mesh the geometric model and perform finite element simulation calculations; Analyze the finite element simulation results of the geometric model to determine the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; Judge the stress weak position based on the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; Replace the material property parameters at the stress weak position with the material property parameters after toughening treatment, and perform finite element simulation calculations again; Evaluate the finite element simulation results of the geometric model after toughening treatment and select the best material property parameters; Guide the toughening treatment of the cable joint according to the best material property parameters.

[0024] Specifically, in order to accurately simulate the model of the cable joint, based on the internal structure and design characteristics of the actual cable joint, according to the design dimensions of the cable joint, the geometric model of the cable joint is accurately drawn by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The geometric model is highly consistent with the cable physical object, thus ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent simulation results. It should be noted that in this embodiment, based on the structural characteristics of the cable joint, the geometric model adopts a two-dimensional axisymmetric model. By simplifying the three-dimensional part into a two-dimensional geometric shape, the calculation is more concise than constructing a complete three-dimensional model. At the same time, the applied boundary conditions and meshing used are simpler. Since the two-dimensional axisymmetric model generally remains unchanged in terms of geometry, load, and constraint in the circumferential direction of the object, by controlling the integral control equation during the entire rotation process of the object, the stress state and strain state of the two-dimensional cross-section can be restored to the stress state and strain state of the complete three-dimensional model.

[0025] Such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the geometric model of the cable joint includes an outer protective shell 1, a shielding layer 2, a crimping body 3, a stress cone 4, an XLPE layer 5, a conductor 6, an insulation shielding layer 7, a wedge-shaped cylinder 8, and an epoxy insulation layer 9. The outer protective shell 1 is a sturdy and durable outer shell that mainly serves to protect the internal structure of the cable joint. Its material is usually metal or high-strength plastic, capable of resisting the influence of various environmental factors. The shielding layer 2 is a mesh structure made of metal materials, which can effectively prevent electromagnetic interference and the influence of electric fields on the cable joint. The crimping body 3 is the connection part between the cable joint and the cable, and the cable is firmly connected to the joint through a crimping method. The stress cone 4 is a structure similar to a cone in shape, which can effectively disperse the stress at the cable joint to prevent damage caused by stress concentration. The XLPE layer 5 is an insulating material with excellent electrical properties, which can effectively protect other parts of the cable from the influence of electric fields and currents. The conductor 6 is the main current-carrying part of the cable, usually composed of multiple strands of metal wires, capable of effectively transmitting current. The insulation shielding layer 7 is a protective layer that protects the conductor from the external environment, usually made of plastic or rubber. The wedge-shaped cylinder 8 is a component located between the outer protective shell and the crimping body, which can adapt to cables of different diameters through its own elasticity to ensure a tight connection of the joint. The epoxy insulation layer 9 is an insulating material with excellent electrical properties and weather resistance, which can provide additional protection for the cable. Through the coordinated work of each of the above components, while ensuring the excellent electrical properties of the cable joint, this geometric model also provides excellent mechanical protection and environmental adaptability.

[0026] Secondly, when setting the material property parameters for different structural layers in the geometric model, the material property parameters include, but are not limited to, material density, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio, etc., in order to accurately simulate the physical properties and mechanical properties of the material. The accuracy and reliability of these parameters are crucial for simulating the physical properties and mechanical properties of the material. Therefore, when conducting material simulation, reliable experimental data or theoretical models need to be used to obtain these parameters to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results. The specific experimental process or theoretical calculation process adopts existing technologies and will not be elaborated in detail again. At the same time, according to the cable application scenario, it may be necessary to select the participating material property parameters according to the actual situation to ensure that the model can accurately reflect the actual working conditions.

[0027] Further, when adding physical fields to different structural layers of the geometric model and setting the boundary conditions of the physical fields, the boundary conditions of the physical fields need to be set according to different operating conditions. Among them, the physical fields added to the geometric model of the ±500 kV cable joint in the embodiments of the present invention at least include: solid mechanics physical field, solid heat transfer physical field, and thermal-mechanical coupling physical field. And the operating conditions include the operating state before the cable joint is energized and the operating state after the cable joint is energized.

[0028] The geometric model of the embodiments of the present invention respectively sets the boundary conditions of the solid mechanics physical field and the boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer physical field according to the actual operating conditions.

[0029] The boundary conditions of the solid mechanics physical field include adding fixed constraint conditions to the geometric model according to the actual installation state of the cable joint. For example, for a ±500 kV cable joint, specific tensile forces need to be applied to the cables at both ends of the cable joint respectively; a certain pressing force needs to be applied inside the cable joint, etc.

[0030] The boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer physical field include setting the boundary temperature of the geometric model and setting the temperature of the conductor in the geometric model. For example, for a ±500 kV cable joint, when simulating that the cable joint is in a low-temperature environment (-20 °C), the boundary temperature of the geometric model (this boundary can be understood as the outer surface of the cable joint) needs to be set to -20 °C; when simulating that the cable joint is in the non-energized operating state, the boundary temperature of the geometric model is consistent with the ambient temperature, that is, the boundary temperature of the geometric model is -20 °C, and the cable joint is mainly affected by the external ambient temperature; when simulating that the cable joint is in the energized operating state, the boundary temperature of the geometric model is consistent with the ambient temperature, and the temperature of the conductor in the geometric model is the energized operating temperature, that is, the actual temperature after the conductor in the cable joint is energized. Therefore, the boundary temperature of the geometric model is -20 °C, and the internal conductor temperature is 50 °C, which is mainly affected by the external ambient temperature and the internal conductor heat source together. Before and after the cable joint of this embodiment is energized and operates, due to the difference in the current passing through the cable joint internally, its internal heat source is different, so the temperature distribution is different, and the thermal stress inside the cable joint is different. Through the above process, the operating states of the ±500 kV cable joint before and after being energized in a -20 °C low-temperature environment can be simulated, and then it is convenient to subsequently simulate the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area in the epoxy encapsulation structure of the ±500 kV cable joint in extremely cold weather.

[0031] In addition, after adding physical fields, it is necessary to couple multiple physical fields. For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the solid mechanics physical field and the solid heat transfer physical field act on the cable joint together, and there are phenomena of mutual interaction and mutual influence between them. In the solid mechanics physical field, when an object is subjected to an external force, its shape and size will change, and at the same time, temperature changes and heat transfer will also occur. This thermal-mechanical interaction will lead to changes in the elastic and plastic behavior of the material, as well as the influence on thermal stability and fatigue life; in the solid heat transfer physical field, when heat transfer is hindered, for example, in high-temperature, low-temperature or vacuum environments, there will be a strong interaction between the thermal physics field and the mechanics physical field. This interaction will lead to mechanical behaviors such as material deformation and stress concentration, and at the same time, it will also change thermal parameters such as the thermal conductivity coefficient and the thermal expansion coefficient. In this embodiment, in order to more realistically simulate the stress state of the cable joint before and after energization in a low-temperature environment, a thermal-mechanical coupled physical field is adopted, and the coupling conditions include setting the material thermal strain parameter in the solid mechanics field, using the temperature difference to obtain the variation law of the thermal expansion coefficient, and reflecting the deformation state of the material affected by temperature.

[0032] After that, mesh division is performed on the geometric model, and finite element simulation calculations are respectively carried out on the cable joint before and after stable operation; and the finite element simulation results of the geometric model are analyzed to determine the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown; it should be noted that in the process of mesh division of the geometric model in the embodiment of the present invention, the mesh division accuracy can be adjusted according to the complexity of the cable model, taking into account both the calculation speed and the calculation accuracy. Finally, based on the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model, the stress weak position is determined, and the material property parameters at the stress weak position are replaced with the material property parameters after typical toughening, and finite element simulation calculation is carried out again, as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown. Through geometric model simulation, the influence of different toughening materials on the cable stress under low-temperature environment can be studied. Usually, toughening is achieved by adding inorganic fillers or improving the process flow, etc., which changes the Young's modulus and tensile strength of the epoxy resin in the encapsulation structure. In this embodiment, the temperature field condition remains unchanged after toughening, and by changing the Young's modulus and tensile strength required in the mechanical simulation, the stress improvement and reliability enhancement of the cable joint encapsulation structure can be obtained. During the simulation process, for the weak stress parts, by replacing a variety of different toughening materials and carefully adjusting the material property parameters in the geometric model, performance evaluation and comparison can be carried out. Since the main changes in the cable joint before and after toughening are the tensile elastic modulus and tensile strength of the material, when replacing the material property parameters, the Young's modulus and tensile strength can be mainly replaced. By evaluating the finite element simulation results of the geometric model after toughening treatment, the optimal material property parameters are selected to pick out specific toughening materials, thereby effectively improving the durability and stability of the cable. Specifically, when evaluating the finite element simulation results of the geometric model after toughening treatment, the change in the first principal stress of the epoxy insulation part in the cable joint before and after power-on operation and under the condition of material toughening can be compared, and it can be verified based on its tensile strength, so as to complete the mechanical reliability evaluation of the cable joint encapsulation structure. Generally, it is better that the internal stress of the cable joint is improved both before and after power-on during evaluation, and finally the toughening treatment method with the largest improvement amplitude is selected.

[0033] Finally, the cable joint is guided to carry out toughening treatment according to the optimal material property parameters. Based on the excellent performance toughening material properties selected from the simulation results, corresponding production plans can be formulated, and then the selection and distribution of materials during the actual cable joint production can be guided to ensure that the produced cable has the best performance and quality. At the same time, the above method changes the way of verifying through multiple experimental comparisons in the traditional cable joint design process, which can reduce production costs and risks and provide strong support for actual production.

[0034] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a simulation system for improving the stress of a cable joint encapsulation structure, which includes: A geometric model establishment module, which is used to establish the geometric model of the cable joint according to the design dimensions of the cable joint; A material parameter setting module, which is used to set the material property parameters of different structural layers of the geometric model according to the materials used in different structural layers of the cable joint; A physical field establishment module, which is used to add corresponding physical fields to the geometric model, and set the boundary conditions and multi-physical field coupling conditions of each physical field according to the actual operating conditions; A simulation processing module, which is used to perform mesh division on the geometric model, and combine the boundary conditions, the multi-physical-field coupling conditions, and the material property parameters to perform finite element simulation calculations on the geometric model, so as to obtain the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; A result analysis module, which is used to analyze the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of each layer in the geometric model, and evaluate the stress weak area of the geometric model; A toughening treatment module, which is used to replace the material property parameters of the stress weak area of the geometric model, and re-perform the simulation calculation of the simulation calculation module.

[0035] Based on the above simulation system, the embodiment of the present invention can simulate the ±500 kV cable joint before and after energized steady-state operation in extremely cold weather to generate a stress distribution nephogram of the epoxy encapsulation structure inside the cable joint. Through the stress distribution nephogram, the reliability weak area of the epoxy encapsulation structure in the ±500 kV cable joint in extremely cold weather can be identified. At the same time, based on the identified reliability weak area of the epoxy encapsulation structure in the ±500 kV cable joint, the material used at the corresponding position inside the cable joint is toughened, and the simulation system is used for simulation. Through evaluation and comparative analysis, the best toughening method is obtained, thereby improving the stress concentration problem of the epoxy encapsulation structure in the cable joint.

[0036] In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the steps of the simulation method for improving the stress of the cable joint encapsulation structure as described above are implemented.

[0037] When the logical instructions in the above-mentioned memory can be implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as an independent product, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes. The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative efforts.

[0038] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on such an understanding, the above technical solution, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0039] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation method for improving the stress of the cable joint encapsulation structure, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Obtain the design dimensions of the cable joint and establish a geometric model of the cable joint; Set the material property parameters of different structural layers in the geometric model according to the materials of different structural layers in the cable joint; Add physical fields to different structural layers of the geometric model respectively, set the boundary conditions of the physical fields in combination with the operating conditions, and couple multiple physical fields; Perform mesh division on the geometric model and conduct finite element simulation calculations; Analyze the finite element simulation results of the geometric model to determine the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; Judge the stress weak position based on the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; Replace the material property parameters at the stress weak position with the material property parameters after toughening treatment, and re-conduct finite element simulation calculations; Evaluate the finite element simulation results of the geometric model after toughening treatment and select the best material property parameters; Guide the toughening treatment of the cable joint according to the best material property parameters.

2. The simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the geometric model includes an outer protective shell, a shielding layer, a crimping body, a stress cone, an XLPE layer, a conductor, an insulation shielding layer, a wedge-shaped cylinder, and an epoxy insulation layer, and the geometric model adopts a two-dimensional axisymmetric model.

3. The simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the material property parameters at least include material density, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio.

4. The simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the physical fields at least include: solid mechanics field, solid heat transfer field, and thermal-mechanical coupling field.

5. The simulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, setting the boundary conditions of the physical fields according to different operating conditions includes: setting the boundary conditions of the solid mechanics field according to the actual operating conditions and setting the boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer field according to the actual operating conditions; the boundary conditions of the solid mechanics field include adding fixed constraint conditions to the geometric model according to the actual installation state of the cable joint; the boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer field include setting the boundary temperature of the geometric model and setting the temperature of the conductor in the geometric model.

6. The simulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the coupling conditions of the thermal-mechanical coupling field include setting the material thermal strain parameter in the solid mechanics field.

7. The simulation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, the operating conditions include the operating state before the cable joint is energized and the operating state after the cable joint is energized; In the state before the cable joint is energized, the boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer field of the geometric model include setting the boundary temperature of the geometric model to be the same as the ambient temperature; Under the energized state of the cable joint, the boundary conditions of the solid heat transfer field of the geometric model include setting the boundary temperature of the geometric model to be consistent with the ambient temperature, and setting the temperature of the conductor in the geometric model to the energized operating temperature, where the energized operating temperature is the actual temperature of the conductor in the cable joint after being energized. 8.. A simulation system adopting the simulation method for improving the stress of the cable joint encapsulation structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, it includes: a geometric model establishment module, configured to establish a geometric model of the cable joint according to the design dimensions of the cable joint; a material parameter setting module, configured to set material property parameters for different structural layers of the geometric model according to the materials used in different structural layers of the cable joint; a physical field establishment module, configured to add corresponding physical fields to the geometric model, and set boundary conditions and multi-physical field coupling conditions of each physical field according to actual operating conditions; a simulation processing module, configured to perform mesh division on the geometric model, and perform finite element simulation calculation on the geometric model in combination with the boundary conditions, the multi-physical field coupling conditions, and the material property parameters to obtain the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of the geometric model; a result analysis module, configured to analyze the stress concentration amplitude and distribution area of each layer in the geometric model, and evaluate the stress weak area of the geometric model; a toughening treatment module, configured to replace the material property parameters of the stress weak area of the geometric model, and re-perform the simulation calculation of the simulation calculation module.

9. An electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, when the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the vehicle-mounted cable terminal performance simulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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