Heat-insulation and sound-insulation honeycomb sandwich panel and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat-insulation and sound-insulation honeycomb sandwich panel and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of composite materials. The method utilizes hollow ceramic microsphere modified polyurethane foam to enhance sound absorption, heat insulation and sound insulation of a honeycomb sandwich panel, and comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polyether polyol, a polyurethane catalyst, surfactant silicone oil, dibutyltin dilaurate, triethanolamine, glycerol and deionized water, and ensuring full dissolution to obtain a mixed solution A; adding hollow ceramic microspheres into isocyanate, uniformly stirring, slowly adding the mixed solution A, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution B; and pouring the mixed solution B into a plastic honeycomb mold, ensuring uniform distribution of the liquid, and naturally foaming and curing. And compounding the filled plastic honeycomb with the carbon fiber panel by using epoxy resin to obtain the sandwich panel. According to the carbon fiber / composite plastic honeycomb sandwich plate prepared by the invention, the sound absorption, sound insulation and heat insulation properties are improved while the mechanical properties are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polypropylene honeycomb (PPHC) is composed of multiple circular polypropylene tube units, which form a honeycomb structure. Due to the small volume proportion of the resin matrix and the low density of the overall structure, the mass of the polypropylene honeycomb material is significantly reduced. This lightweight feature enables the polypropylene honeycomb application to effectively reduce the overall weight and has important application value, especially in areas where weight reduction is required. Polypropylene itself has stable dimensions and excellent mechanical properties, which makes the honeycomb structure of PPHC show a higher specific strength. This means that when subjected to external loads, PPHC can provide stronger support and has higher strength relative to its weight, which makes it play an important role in situations where high structural strength requirements are required.

[0003] Carbon fiber (CFRP) / plastic honeycomb (PPHC) sandwich is widely used in aerospace, automobile and high-speed rail industries due to its excellent mechanical properties and lightweight characteristics. When polypropylene honeycomb (PPHC) acts as a structural material, it can not only ensure excellent mechanical properties, but also further reduce energy consumption, which not only improves the safety of use, but also complies with the sustainable development strategy and energy conservation and emission reduction policies. However, due to the hollow structure, PPHC generally does not meet the standards of related application fields in terms of sound absorption, sound insulation and thermal insulation. Today, PPHC does not have the properties of sound absorption, sound insulation and thermal insulation in actual applications, which has become the main reason restricting the development of PPHC.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, researchers have conducted a lot of exploration and research on improving the sound absorption, sound insulation and heat insulation performance of carbon fiber / plastic honeycomb sandwich panels. For example: using homemade thermal expansion resin and honeycomb composite, using aerogel filling, filling different plant fibers and synthetic fibers in the honeycomb, etc. However, in the above methods, the preparation process of the materials used, such as aerogel and fiber, is complicated, which limits its production and promotion in the civilian field. Researchers proposed to use polyurethane foam to improve the heat insulation and sound insulation performance, but it itself has the disadvantages of low mechanical strength and rigidity. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel, the specific steps are as follows:

[0008] Step 1: Mix polyether polyol, polyurethane catalyst, surfactant silicone oil, dibutyltin dilaurate, triethanolamine, glycerol and deionized water, and stir at low speed for 2 - 5 min to obtain mixed solution A for standby;

[0009] Step 2: Place hollow ceramic microspheres in isocyanate and stir evenly, then slowly add mixed solution A, stir at low speed for 3 - 5 min to obtain mixed solution B, and then pour mixed solution B into a plastic honeycomb, and naturally foam at 20 - 30 °C until the foam solidifies to form a composite plastic honeycomb;

[0010] Step 3: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at low speed for 10 min, then stand for 30 min to obtain an epoxy resin - curing agent mixture, lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb, and cure under pressure and heat to obtain a finished product of carbon fiber panel - composite plastic honeycomb - carbon fiber panel.

[0011] Preferably, each component in Step 1 includes by mass parts: 75.5 - 86 parts of isocyanate, 18 - 20 parts of hollow ceramic microspheres, 70 - 75 parts of polyether polyol, 0.5 - 1 part of polyurethane catalyst, 2 - 3 parts of surfactant silicone oil, 1 - 2 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 - 2 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5 - 1 part of glycerol and 0.5 - 2 parts of deionized water.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the hollow ceramic microspheres is 60 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the rotation speed of the low - speed stirring is 500 - 600 rpm.

[0014] Preferably, the natural foaming time in Step 2 is 15 - 30 min.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure in Step 3 is 2 MPa, the heating temperature is 80 - 100 °C, and the curing time is 3 - 4 h.

[0016] Preferably, the laying amount of the epoxy resin - curing agent mixture in Step 3 is 5 g per side.

[0017] A heat - insulating and sound - insulating honeycomb sandwich panel, comprising a carbon fiber panel, a composite plastic honeycomb and an epoxy resin - curing agent; the composite plastic honeycomb is obtained by filling a plastic honeycomb with hollow ceramic microsphere - modified polyurethane foam; the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb are bonded by heating and pressing the epoxy resin - curing agent.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The addition of hollow ceramic microspheres increases the viscosity of the material at the initial stage of foaming, hindering the expansion of bubbles. At the same time, the hollow ceramic microspheres act as nucleation sites during the foaming process, promoting the formation of small bubble pores. As the content of the foaming agent increases, the pore diameter gradually increases, forming large bubble pores. The hollow ceramic microspheres are evenly distributed on the pore walls. Through the combined action of large bubble pores and closed micro-bubble pores, the hollow ceramic microspheres are embedded. The strong sound wave is decomposed into large units by the bubble pores, and the hollow ceramic microspheres decompose the sound wave into small units, thus achieving the purpose of weakening the sound wave. The addition of hollow ceramic microspheres can not only improve the mechanical properties of the composite material, but also effectively reduce the weight of the material, enabling it to have better compressive and impact resistance while maintaining strength;

[0020] 2. The method of using hollow ceramic microspheres to modify polyurethane foam-filled plastic honeycomb to improve the heat insulation and sound insulation performance of sandwich panels has simple components and simple preparation operations. The sound absorption coefficient of the sandwich structure after adding polyurethane foam increases in the full frequency range during the sound absorption test. Especially in the medium and high frequency bands, the sound absorption performance of the specimen filled with polyurethane foam has increased by 28%. The addition of hollow ceramic microspheres has more significantly improved the sound absorption performance of the polyurethane-filled honeycomb structure in the medium and low frequencies. During the sound insulation performance test, the transmission loss of the specimen filled with polyurethane foam has increased significantly. After adding hollow ceramic microspheres, the sound transmission loss of the specimen has increased significantly and increases with the decrease of the foam density. During the heat insulation performance test, after filling with polyurethane foam, the overall thermal conductivity of the specimen decreases, showing the excellent heat insulation performance of polyurethane foam. The addition of hollow ceramic microspheres also significantly reduces the thermal conductivity of the sandwich panel. While improving the sound absorption, sound insulation and heat insulation performance, the bending performance and compressive performance of the carbon fiber / plastic honeycomb have also improved. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is the transmission mechanism diagram of sound wave in the sample without adding hollow ceramic microspheres;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the transmission mechanism diagram of sound wave in the sample with added hollow ceramic microspheres;

[0023] ( Figure 1 、 2 In (), Cell is the polyurethane foam pore, Incident is the incoming sound wave, Propagate is the sound wave propagation, Reflect is the sound wave reflection, and Transmission is the sound wave transmission;)

[0024] Figure 3 It is the sound absorption performance test diagram of the honeycomb sandwich structures prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the sound insulation performance test diagram of the honeycomb sandwich structures prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3;

[0026] Figure 5 Thermal insulation performance test diagram of the honeycomb sandwich structures prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] In the experiment, the polyether polyol model is R4110, the polyurethane catalyst model is A33, the silicone oil model is AK8805, the isocyanate model is PM200, the epoxy resin model is West System105, the curing agent model is West System206, and the specification of the hollow ceramic microspheres is 60μm.

[0029] The plastic honeycomb is purchased from Guangzhou Ruigang Metal Products Co., Ltd., and the carbon fiber panel is purchased from Jilin Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.

[0030] Example 1: This example provides a preparation method of a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0031] Step 1: By mass, put 70 parts of polyether polyol, 0.5 part of polyurethane catalyst, 2 parts of surfactant silicone oil, 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 part of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of glycerol and 0.5 part of deionized water into a beaker, and stir at 500 rpm for 5 min to obtain a mixed solution A for standby;

[0032] Step 2: Put 18 parts of hollow ceramic microspheres into 75.5 parts of isocyanate and stir evenly, then slowly add the mixed solution A, stir at 500 rpm for 5 min to obtain a mixed solution B, and then pour the mixed solution B into the plastic honeycomb, and foam naturally at 25°C for 20 min until the foam is cured to form a composite plastic honeycomb;

[0033] Step 3: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at 600 rpm for 10 min, then transfer to a vacuum box and let it stand for 30 min to obtain an epoxy resin-curing agent mixture, and lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb according to the laying amount of 5 g per side, heat to 100°C under a pressure of 2 MPa, and cure for 3 h to form a carbon fiber panel-composite plastic honeycomb-carbon fiber panel, denoted as PUF / HCM 1 Specimen.

[0034] Example 2: This example provides a method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0035] Step 1: By mass, put 70 parts of polyether polyol, 0.5 part of polyurethane catalyst, 2 parts of surfactant silicone oil, 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 part of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of glycerol and 1 part of deionized water into a beaker, stir at 500 rpm for 3 min to obtain a mixed solution A, and set aside;

[0036] Step 2: Put 18 parts of hollow ceramic microspheres into 76 parts of isocyanate and stir evenly, then slowly add the mixed solution A, stir at 500 rpm for 5 min to obtain a mixed solution B, and then pour the mixed solution B into a plastic honeycomb, and naturally foam at 25 °C for 30 min until the foam solidifies to form a composite plastic honeycomb;

[0037] Step 3: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at 600 rpm for 10 min, then transfer to a vacuum box and let stand for 30 min to obtain an epoxy resin-curing agent mixture, and lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb at a laying amount of 5 g per side, heat to 90 °C under a pressure of 2 MPa, and cure for 4 h to form a carbon fiber panel-composite plastic honeycomb-carbon fiber panel, denoted as PUF / HCM 2 specimen.

[0038] Example 3: This example provides a method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0039] Step 1: By mass, put 70 parts of polyether polyol, 0.5 part of polyurethane catalyst, 2 parts of surfactant silicone oil, 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 part of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of glycerol and 1.5 parts of deionized water into a beaker, stir at 500 rpm for 3 min to obtain a mixed solution A, and set aside;

[0040] Step 2: Put 18 parts of hollow ceramic microspheres into 76.5 parts of isocyanate and stir evenly, then slowly add the mixed solution A, stir at 500 rpm for 3 min to obtain a mixed solution B, and then pour the mixed solution B into a plastic honeycomb, and naturally foam at 25 °C for 30 min until the foam solidifies to form a composite plastic honeycomb;

[0041] Step 3: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at 600 rpm for 10 min, then transfer to a vacuum chamber and let stand for 30 min to obtain an epoxy resin-curing agent mixture. Lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb at a laying amount of 5 g per side, heat to 100 °C under a pressure of 2 MPa, and cure for 3 h to form a carbon fiber panel-composite plastic honeycomb-carbon fiber panel, denoted as PUF / HCM 3 specimen.

[0042] Example 4: This example provides a method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0043] Step 1: By mass, place 70 parts of polyether polyol, 0.5 part of polyurethane catalyst, 2 parts of surfactant silicone oil, 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 part of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of glycerol, and 2 parts of deionized water in a beaker, and stir at 500 rpm for 3 min to obtain a mixed solution A for standby;

[0044] Step 2: Place 18 parts of hollow ceramic microspheres in 77 parts of isocyanate and stir evenly, then slowly add the mixed solution A, stir at 500 rpm for 3 min to obtain a mixed solution B, and then pour the mixed solution B into the plastic honeycomb, and foam naturally at 25 °C for 25 min until the foam cures to form a composite plastic honeycomb;

[0045] Step 3: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at 600 rpm for 10 min, then transfer to a vacuum chamber and let stand for 30 min to obtain an epoxy resin-curing agent mixture. Lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb at a laying amount of 5 g per side, heat to 80 °C under a pressure of 2 MPa, and cure for 3 h to form a carbon fiber panel-composite plastic honeycomb-carbon fiber panel, denoted as PUF / HCM 4 specimen.

[0046] Comparative Example 1: As a control experiment for Example 1, increase the amount of hollow ceramic microspheres and keep the other parameters unchanged. The specific steps are as follows:

[0047] Step 1: By mass, place 70 parts of polyether polyol, 0.5 part of polyurethane catalyst, 2 parts of surfactant silicone oil, 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 part of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of glycerol, and 0.5 part of deionized water in a beaker, and stir at 500 rpm for 5 min to obtain a mixed solution A for standby;

[0048] Step 2: Place 25 parts of hollow ceramic microspheres in 75.5 parts of isocyanate and stir evenly. Then slowly add the mixed solution A, stir at 500 rpm for 5 min to obtain the mixed solution B. Pour the mixed solution B into the plastic honeycomb, and let it foam naturally at 20 - 30 °C for 20 min until the foam solidifies to form a composite plastic honeycomb;

[0049] Step 3: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at 600 rpm for 10 min, then transfer it to a vacuum chamber and let it stand for 30 min to obtain the epoxy resin - curing agent mixture. Lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb at a laying amount of 5 g per side, heat it to 100 °C under a pressure of 2 MPa, and cure it for 3 h to form a carbon fiber panel - composite plastic honeycomb - carbon fiber panel, denoted as PUF / HCM 5 specimen.

[0050] Comparative Example 2: As a control experiment for Example 1, without adding hollow ceramic microspheres and keeping the other parameters unchanged, the specific steps are as follows:

[0051] Step 1: In terms of mass parts, place 70 parts of polyether polyol, 0.5 part of polyurethane catalyst, 2 parts of surfactant silicone oil, 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1 part of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of glycerol, and 0.5 part of deionized water in a beaker, stir at 500 rpm for 5 min to obtain the mixed solution A for standby;

[0052] Step 2: Slowly add the mixed solution A to 75.5 parts of isocyanate, stir at 500 rpm for 5 min, then pour it into the plastic honeycomb, and let it foam naturally at 20 - 30 °C for 20 min until the foam solidifies to form a composite plastic honeycomb;

[0053] Step 3: Mix epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at 600 rpm for 10 min, then transfer it to a vacuum chamber and let it stand for 30 min to obtain the epoxy resin - curing agent mixture. Lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb at a laying amount of 5 g per side, heat it to 100 °C under a pressure of 2 MPa, and cure it for 3 h to form a carbon fiber panel - composite plastic honeycomb - carbon fiber panel, denoted as PUF specimen.

[0054] Comparative Example 3: As a control experiment for Example 1, without any treatment on the plastic honeycomb, mix epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at 600 rpm for 10 min, then transfer it to a vacuum chamber and let it stand for 30 min to obtain the epoxy resin - curing agent mixture. Lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the plastic honeycomb at a laying amount of 5 g per side, heat it to 100 °C under a pressure of 2 MPa, and cure it for 3 h to form a carbon fiber panel - plastic honeycomb - carbon fiber panel, denoted as PPHC specimen.

[0055] Detection test

[0056] The PUF / HCM prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 1 specimens, PUF / HCM 2 specimens, PUF / HCM 3 specimens, PUF / HCM 4 specimens, PUF / HCM 5 specimens, PUF specimens, and PPHC specimens were subjected to sound absorption, sound insulation, and heat insulation tests, and the results are as Figure 3 , 4 , shown in Figure 5.

[0057] Conclusion: Through the above experiments, it can be known that: in the sound absorption test, due to the addition of hollow ceramic microspheres HCM, the sound absorption performance of the specimens in the medium and low frequencies was significantly improved. Among them, the PUF / HCM 1 specimens showed excellent sound absorption performance in the medium and high frequency bands, and the PUF / HCM 4 showed excellent sound absorption performance in the high frequency band. In the sound insulation test, the transmission loss of the specimens filled with PUF / HCM was also higher than that of the specimens not filled with PPHC and the specimens filled with PUF. In the heat insulation test, the thermal conductivity of the specimens added with HCM decreased significantly. Among them, the thermal conductivity of the specimens filled with PUF / HCM 4 was the smallest.

[0058] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel, characterized in that: The specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: Mix polyether polyol, polyurethane catalyst, surfactant silicone oil, dibutyltin dilaurate, triethanolamine, glycerol and deionized water, and stir at a low speed for 2-5 minutes to obtain a mixed solution A for standby use; Step 2: After the hollow ceramic microspheres are placed in isocyanate and stirred evenly, the mixed solution A is slowly added, and the mixed solution B is obtained by stirring at a low speed for 3-5 minutes. The mixed solution B is then poured into the plastic honeycomb and naturally foamed until the foam solidifies to form a composite plastic honeycomb; Step 3: Mix the epoxy resin and the curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, stir at a low speed for 10 minutes, and let it stand for 30 minutes to obtain an epoxy resin-curing agent mixture, lay it between the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb, pressurize and heat to cure, and obtain a carbon fiber panel-composite plastic honeycomb-carbon fiber panel finished product.

2. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the mixed solution B include, by mass, 75.5-86 parts of isocyanate, 18-20 parts of hollow ceramic microspheres, 70-75 parts of polyether polyol, 0.5-1 part of polyurethane catalyst, 2-3 parts of surfactant silicone oil, 1-2 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, 1-2 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5-1 part of glycerol and 0.5-2 parts of deionized water.

3. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the hollow ceramic microspheres is 60 μm.

4. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed of low-speed stirring is 500-600 rpm.

5. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the natural foaming temperature is 20-30° C., and the natural foaming time is 15-30 min.

6. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurized pressure in step 3 is 2 MPa, the heating temperature is 80-100° C., and the curing time is 3-4 hours.

7. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of epoxy resin-curing agent mixture laid in step 3 is 5g per side.

8. A heat-insulating and sound-insulating honeycomb sandwich panel, characterized in that: It comprises a carbon fiber panel, a composite plastic honeycomb and an epoxy resin-curing agent; the composite plastic honeycomb is obtained by filling a plastic honeycomb with hollow ceramic microspheres modified with polyurethane foam; the carbon fiber panel and the composite plastic honeycomb are bonded by heating and pressurizing the epoxy resin-curing agent.

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