Rock drilling rods based on electric pulse technology and their usage methods

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of rock drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a rock drilling rod based on an electric pulse technology and its usage method. By arranging a camera, a conductive solution spraying device, and a discharge electrode on the drill rod, high-voltage electric pulses are released at the position of rock mass fissures during the drilling process for auxiliary cracking, thereby reducing the strength of hard rock and decreasing the cost and difficulty of subsequent rock breaking by blasting. The present invention is synchronized with the drilling process of the drill-and-blast method, and dynamically and real-time performs electric pulse expansion cracking on the rock mass fissures during the drilling process without adding additional processes. Compared with other static pre-chemical auxiliary rock mass cracking technologies, it can effectively shorten the rock breaking cycle and improve the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hard rock roadway (tunnel) rock drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a rock drilling rod based on electric pulse technology and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the excavation of hard rock roadways (tunnels) mainly relies on the drill-and-blast method to break rocks. However, due to the relatively hard, dense and high-strength lithology of hard rocks, a large amount of explosives need to be loaded during blasting to overcome the rock mass' anti-destruction ability, resulting in a sharp increase in explosive costs. At the same time, due to the high strength of hard rocks, in order to achieve the preset blasting expectations, the design of blasting processes such as blast hole arrangement and initiation methods becomes more complex. In addition, the blasting effect during large-dose blasting is difficult to accurately control, easily inducing the instability and damage of the surrounding rock, and even leading to the occurrence of dynamic disasters such as rock bursts and rock bumps.

[0003] For this reason, people have proposed methods of pre-reducing the rock mass strength through technologies such as hydraulic fracturing and microwave radiation, and then cooperating with blasting to break rocks. Although such technologies can effectively reduce the rock mass strength and make subsequent blasting relatively simple, they require additional devices and processes, thereby increasing the rock breaking time and reducing the rock breaking efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field of hard rock roadway (tunnel) rock drilling and blasting for equipment and methods with simple processes and no need to additionally increase devices to reduce the rock mass strength. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a rock drilling rod based on electric pulse technology and a using method thereof, which are used to solve problems such as high blasting costs and low surrounding rock stability caused by large rock mass strength during drill-and-blast rock breaking in hard rock roadways (tunnels), as well as problems that existing auxiliary fracturing methods require additional devices and processes, increase the rock breaking time, and reduce the rock breaking efficiency.

[0005] For this reason, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a rock drilling rod based on electric pulse technology, which is used to cooperate with a rock drilling jumbo or a drill rig for drill-and-blast hole drilling construction. The rock drilling rod includes a drill bit, a drill rod, an insulating sleeve, a camera, a conductive solution spraying device, a discharge electrode, a high-voltage electric pulse generator, and a processing control system;

[0006] The diameter of the drill bit is larger than the diameter of the drill rod, the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve is equal to the diameter of the drill bit, and the inner diameter of the insulating sleeve is larger than the diameter of the drill rod; the rear end of the drill bit is connected to the front end of the drill rod, the insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the drill rod, and the front end of the insulating sleeve is connected to the rear end of the drill bit; the insulating sleeve sequentially includes a front section, a middle section, and a rear section from front to back, and the front section and the middle section are both the same length as the drill bit; a transparent window is provided on the outer wall of the front section, and a discharge port and a liquid spraying port are provided on the outer wall of the middle section;

[0007] The camera is installed on the outer side of the drill pipe and faces the transparent window, and the camera is used to photograph the hole wall;

[0008] The conductive solution spraying device includes a liquid storage device, a liquid extraction pump, a pressurizing pump and a nozzle arranged on the drill pipe. The nozzle faces the liquid spraying port. The liquid storage device is used to store the conductive solution. The liquid storage device, the liquid extraction pump, the pressurizing pump and the nozzle are sequentially connected through a liquid delivery pipe;

[0009] The discharge electrode is fixed to the outer side of the drill pipe through an insulating base and points to the discharge port. The discharge electrode has a high-voltage electrode and a low-voltage electrode that are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage electric pulse generator;

[0010] The processing control system is electrically connected to the camera and is used to identify and screen cracks in the images captured by the camera; the processing control system is also used to be electrically connected to a rock drilling jumbo or a drill to control the distance of each drill-in of the drill bit, the drill stop time and the rotation angle.

[0011] Optionally, the rock drilling drill pipe includes two of the cameras. Two of the transparent windows are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the front section. The two cameras are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the drill pipe and respectively face the two transparent windows.

[0012] Optionally, there are three discharge ports, namely a first discharge port, a second discharge port and a third discharge port. The high-voltage electrode faces the first discharge port. The second discharge port and the first discharge port are axially spaced along the insulating sleeve. The third discharge port and the first discharge port are circumferentially spaced along the insulating sleeve. The discharge electrode includes two of the low-voltage electrodes, and the two low-voltage electrodes are respectively arranged facing the second discharge port and the third discharge port.

[0013] Optionally, a connecting column is coaxially arranged at the rear end of the drill bit. An external thread is arranged on the outer side of the connecting column. An internal thread is arranged on the inner side of the front end of the insulating sleeve. The front end of the insulating sleeve is threadedly connected to the connecting column;

[0014] A threaded hole is coaxially arranged at the rear end of the connecting column. An external thread is arranged at the front end of the drill pipe. The front end of the drill pipe is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0015] Optionally, a receiving cavity is arranged inside the drill pipe, and the liquid storage device, the liquid extraction pump and the pressurizing pump are all arranged in the receiving cavity.

[0016] Optionally, a liquid filling port is arranged on the liquid storage device, and a sealing screw is screwed on the liquid filling port.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for using a rock drill rod based on electric pulse technology is provided. Based on the rock drill rod described above, the method for using the rock drill rod includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. According to the designed blasting plan, assemble the rock drill rod with a rock drilling jumbo or a drill. When drilling for the first time, the drilling depth is 3L + X, where L is the length of the drill bit, and each length is recorded as a stage, and X is the straight-line distance from the camera to the rear end of the drill bit. Then stop drilling and start the camera. Next, the drill bit retreats two stages. During this period, the camera takes a full-range photo of the hole wall in the second stage and the starting stage, and transmits the image to the processing control system. The processing control system processes the taken hole wall image and respectively records the position and length information of the hole wall cracks in these two stages.

[0019] S2. Push the drill bit forward to the bottom of the borehole. During this period, the rock drilling jumbo or the drill adjusts the rotation angle of the drill rod based on the crack position and length information in the initial stage. The liquid extraction pump extracts the conductive solution in the liquid storage device under the control of the processing control system, pressurizes it through the pressure pump, and sprays it onto the crack area in the initial stage through the nozzle. Subsequently, the discharge electrode releases a high-voltage electric pulse to the crack filled with the conductive solution. The high-voltage electric pulse forms a certain range of current damage area with the crack as the channel, expands the rock mass cracks in the initial stage, and realizes the reduction of the rock mass strength in the initial stage.

[0020] S3. After the drill bit is pushed to the bottom of the borehole, start the rock drilling jumbo or the drill to drive the drill bit to drill forward. After that, stop drilling once every time it drills forward one stage, and then retreat one stage. During the retreat, the camera takes a photo of the hole wall in the retreat stage and transmits the image to the processing control system for analysis and processing, obtains the crack position and length information in the retreat stage and stores it for the next rock breaking use. During the process of pushing the drill bit forward to the bottom of the borehole again, the conductive solution spraying device and the discharge electrode successively spray the conductive solution and release high-voltage electric pulses to break the rock on the crack in the stage above the retreat stage until the required drilling depth is completed.

[0021] Optionally, in steps S1 and S3, if there are multiple cracks on the hole wall in the same stage, select the N cracks with the largest cracking for subsequent spraying of the conductive solution and high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the rock drill rod based on electric pulse technology and the method for using the same provided by the present application are as follows:

[0023] 1. By arranging a camera, a conductive solution spraying device and a discharge electrode on a drill pipe, during the drilling process, electric pulse-assisted rock breaking is carried out on the cracks generated in the rock mass, reducing the rock mass strength before blasting, decreasing the subsequent explosive charge amount, reducing the difficulty of subsequent blasting rock breaking, and improving the rock breaking efficiency.

[0024] 2. The present invention realizes electric pulse-assisted extended cracking of the rock mass during the drilling process of the drill and blast method without adding additional processes, achieving dynamic real-time extended cracking of the rock mass during the drilling process, and reducing the rock breaking cycle compared with other static pre-chemical assisted rock mass cracking technologies.

[0025] 3. The present invention captures the cracks generated in real time during the drilling process, screens out the N cracks with the largest cracking degree, and then performs electric pulse-assisted cracking, realizing precise and efficient rock mass cracking while reducing unnecessary energy loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Among them:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock drilling drill pipe based on electric pulse technology shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the external structural diagram of the rock drilling drill pipe shown;

[0030] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the usage method of the rock drilling drill pipe shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the rock drilling drill pipe during use shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0033] 10, drill bit;

[0034] 20, drill pipe;

[0035] 30, insulating sleeve; 301, front section; 302, middle section; 303, rear section; 31, transparent window; 321, first discharge port; 322, second discharge port; 323, third discharge port; 33, liquid spraying port;

[0036] 40. Camera;

[0037] 50. Conductive solution spraying device; 51. Liquid reservoir; 511. Sealing screw; 52. Liquid pumping pump; 53. Pressurizing pump; 54. Nozzle;

[0038] 60. Discharge electrode; 61. High-voltage electrode; 62. Low-voltage electrode. Detailed implementation manner

[0039] To facilitate the understanding of this application, the following will describe this application more comprehensively with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many other different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure content of this application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0041] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to this application.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0043] According to one aspect of this application, the embodiments of this application provide a rock drilling rod based on electric pulse technology, which is used to cooperate with a rock drilling jumbo or a drill for drill-and-blast hole construction, such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the rock drill rod includes a drill bit 10, a drill rod 20, an insulating sleeve 30, a camera 40, a conductive solution spraying device 50, a discharge electrode 60, a high-voltage electric pulse generator (not shown in the figure), and a processing control system (not shown in the figure). The diameter of the drill bit 10 is larger than that of the drill rod 20. The outer diameter of the insulating sleeve 30 is equal to the diameter of the drill bit 10, and the inner diameter of the insulating sleeve 30 is larger than that of the drill rod 20. The rear end of the drill bit 10 is connected to the front end of the drill rod 20. The insulating sleeve 30 is sleeved outside the drill rod 20, and the front end of the insulating sleeve 30 is connected to the rear end of the drill bit 10. The insulating sleeve 30 successively includes a front section 301, a middle section 302, and a rear section 303 from front to back. The lengths of the front section 301 and the middle section 302 of the insulating sleeve 30 are both the same as the length of the drill bit 10. A transparent window 31 is provided on the outer wall of the front section 301, and a discharge port and a liquid spraying port 33 are provided on the outer wall of the middle section 302. It should be noted that the diameter of the drill bit 10 can be selected according to the size of the roadway section, and the diameter of the drill rod 20 is 0.7 times the diameter of the drill bit 10. The camera 40 is installed outside the drill rod 20 and faces the transparent window 31. The camera 40 is used to photograph the hole wall. The conductive solution spraying device 50 includes a liquid storage tank 51, a liquid extraction pump 52, a pressurizing pump 53, and a nozzle 54 provided on the drill rod 20. The nozzle 54 faces the liquid spraying port 33. The liquid storage tank 51 is used to store a conductive solution (such as an ionic solution). The liquid storage tank 51, the liquid extraction pump 52, the pressurizing pump 53, and the nozzle 54 are successively connected through a liquid delivery pipe. The discharge electrode 60 is fixed to the outside of the drill rod 20 through an insulating base and points to the discharge port. The discharge electrode 60 has a high-voltage electrode 61 and a low-voltage electrode 62 that are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage electric pulse generator. The processing control system is electrically connected to the camera 40 and is used to identify and screen cracks in the hole wall image photographed by the camera 40. The processing control system is also used to be electrically connected to a rock drilling jumbo or a drill to control the distance of each drilling of the drill bit 10, the drilling stop time, and the rotation angle.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, the rock drill rod is provided with the camera 40, the conductive solution spraying device 50, and the discharge electrode 60 on the drill rod 20, and performs electric pulse-assisted fracturing on the cracks generated in the rock mass during the drilling process, reducing the strength of the rock mass before blasting, reducing the difficulty of subsequent rock breaking by blasting, and improving the rock breaking efficiency; realizing electric pulse-assisted extended fracturing of the rock mass during the drilling process of the drill and blast method without adding additional processes, realizing dynamic real-time extended fracturing of the rock mass during the drilling process, and reducing the rock breaking cycle compared with other static pre-chemical assisted fracturing rock mass technologies; capturing the cracks generated in real time during the drilling process, screening out the N cracks with the largest cracking degree (preferably the cracks along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the drill hole), and then performing electric pulse-assisted fracturing, realizing precise and efficient rock mass cracking while reducing unnecessary energy loss.

[0045] Preferably, the nozzle 54 and the high-voltage electrode 61 are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the drill pipe 20 with respect to the axial direction of the drill pipe 20. The distance between the camera 40 and the high-voltage electrode 61 in the axial direction of the drill pipe 20 is the same as the length of the drill bit 10. With this setting, during the subsequent drilling process, the high-voltage electrode 61 can cause cracking of the complete cracks in the previous stage of the initial stage and the retraction stage, and the cracking effect is better.

[0046] It should be noted that the cracking parameters (discharge voltage, current, etc.) of the electric pulse can be obtained by collecting rock samples at the operation site in advance and obtaining the optimal parameters through indoor tests. Preferably, in actual use, the electric pulse cracking parameters can be controlled so that the rock mass does not break but only generates cracks, which is convenient for filling explosives during later blasting.

[0047] It can be understood that since the drill pipe 20 needs to be installed on the rock drilling jumbo or drill rig and rotated under the drive of the rock drilling jumbo or drill rig when the rock drilling drill pipe is used, and since the camera 40, the conductive solution spraying device 50, and the discharge electrode 60 require external power supply / communication, therefore, in order to avoid the cables on the drill pipe 20 from being wound during the rotation of the drill pipe 20, a conductive slip ring can be provided at the rear end of the drill pipe 20 and connected to the external power supply / communication equipment through the conductive slip ring.

[0048] It should be noted that the camera 40 and the nozzle 54 are respectively installed at the corresponding positions on the outside of the drill pipe 20 through mounting seats and fixing screws.

[0049] In one embodiment, the processing control system includes an image processing module and a control module. The image processing module is responsible for identifying and screening cracks in the images captured by the camera 40 and transmitting the information to the control module. The control module can control data such as the one-time drilling distance and the drilling stop duration of the drill bit 10, and control the rotation angle of the drill bit 10 according to the crack information, control the conductive solution spraying device 50 to spray liquid on the cracks, and control the discharge electrode 60 to release high-voltage electric pulses.

[0050] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the rock drilling drill pipe includes two cameras 40. Two transparent windows 31 are symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the front section 301 of the insulating sleeve 30. The two cameras 40 are symmetrically installed on the outside of the drill pipe 20 and respectively face the two transparent windows 31.

[0051] By symmetrically arranging the two cameras 40, the comprehensiveness of the hole wall image acquisition can be improved. Preferably, the camera 40 uses a wide-angle camera or a fish-eye camera with a larger field of view.

[0052] It can be understood that the camera 40 can also be provided with three, four or even more, as long as the hole wall image can be comprehensively collected.

[0053] Since the crack directions in the hole may be diverse, such as circumferential or axial, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, there are three discharge ports, namely a first discharge port 321, a second discharge port 322 and a third discharge port 323. The high-voltage electrode 61 is directly opposite to the first discharge port 321. The second discharge port 322 is axially spaced from the first discharge port 321 along the insulating sleeve 30. The third discharge port 323 is circumferentially spaced from the first discharge port 321 along the insulating sleeve 30. The discharge electrode 60 includes two low-voltage electrodes 62, and the two low-voltage electrodes 62 are respectively arranged directly opposite to the second discharge port 322 and the third discharge port 323. By cooperating the high-voltage electrode 61 with multiple low-voltage electrodes 62, the electro-pulse fracturing of cracks in different directions (preferably along the axial direction of the drill hole and along the circumferential direction of the drill hole) can be satisfied. It can be conceived that in other embodiments, the number of low-voltage electrodes in the discharge electrode 60 can also be set to 3, 4 or even more.

[0054] In another implementation manner, not shown in the figure, different from the above embodiment, the high-voltage electrode is fixed on the outside of the drill pipe through an insulating base and points to the discharge port. The low-voltage electrode is arranged around the outer opening of the drill hole and is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse generator. The low-voltage electrode can also be directly grounded. During operation, the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are directly conductive through the rock.

[0055] In one embodiment, a connecting column is coaxially arranged at the rear end of the drill bit 10. An external thread is provided on the outside of the connecting column. An internal thread is provided on the inner side of the front end of the insulating sleeve 30. The front end of the insulating sleeve 30 is threadedly connected to the connecting column. A threaded hole is coaxially arranged at the rear end of the connecting column. An external thread is provided at the front end of the drill pipe 20. The front end of the drill pipe 20 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0056] Through the above arrangement, both between the drill bit 10 and the drill pipe 20 and between the drill bit 10 and the insulating sleeve 30 are threadedly connected, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly.

[0057] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a receiving cavity is provided inside the drill pipe 20. The liquid storage device 51, the liquid pumping pump 52 and the pressurizing pump 53 are all arranged in the receiving cavity.

[0058] Specifically, the drill pipe 20 can be formed by connecting two half pipe bodies through fixing bolts. Reverse molding treatment is carried out between the two half pipe bodies according to the sizes and positions of the liquid storage device 51, the liquid pumping pump 52, the pressurizing pump 53 and the infusion pipe. The liquid storage device 51, the liquid pumping pump 52 and the pressurizing pump 53 are fixed at the reverse molding positions on the inner wall of the drill pipe 20.

[0059] Further, a liquid filling port is provided at the rear end of the liquid storage device 51, and a sealing screw 511 is screwed onto the liquid filling port. After the liquid in the liquid storage device 51 is used up, the sealing screw 511 can be opened to fill the liquid.

[0060] According to another aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for using a rock drilling rod based on an electric pulse technique. Based on the rock drilling rod in the embodiment of the present application, combined with Figures 1-4 As shown, the method for using the rock drilling rod includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. According to the designed blasting plan, assemble the rock drilling rod with a rock drilling jumbo or a drill rig, and perform drilling construction. When drilling for the first time, the drilling depth is 3L + X, where L is the length of the drill bit 10, and each length is recorded as a stage, and X is the linear distance from the camera 40 to the rear end of the drill bit 10; then stop drilling and start the camera 40, and then the drill bit 10 retreats two stages. During this period, the camera 40 takes a full - range photograph of the hole wall in the second stage and the starting stage, and transmits the image to the processing control system. The processing control system performs grayscale processing on the photographed hole wall image, respectively screens out the cracks on the hole wall in these two stages, and respectively records the position and length information of the hole wall cracks in these two stages; it should be noted here that the position and length information of the hole wall cracks in the initial stage are used for assisting rock breaking in step S2, and the information of the hole wall cracks in the second stage is used for the next auxiliary rock breaking;

[0062] S2. Push the drill bit 10 forward to the bottom of the hole. During this period, the rock drilling jumbo or the drill rig adjusts the rotation angle of the drill rod 20 based on the crack position and length information in the initial stage. The liquid pumping pump 52 pumps out the conductive solution in the liquid storage device 51 under the control of the processing control system, and after being pressurized by the pressure pump 53, it is sprayed onto the crack area in the initial stage through the nozzle 54; after spraying the conductive solution onto the crack, the discharge electrode 60 releases a high - voltage electric pulse. The high - voltage electric pulse preferentially releases to the crack filled with the conductive solution, and the high - voltage electric pulse forms a certain range of current damage area with the crack as the channel, expanding the rock mass cracks in the initial stage and realizing the reduction of the rock mass strength in the initial stage;

[0063] S3. After the drill bit 10 is pushed to the bottom of the hole, start the rock drilling jumbo or the drill rig to drive the drill bit 10 to drill forward. After each forward drilling of one stage, stop drilling once, and then retreat one stage. During the retreat, the camera 40 takes a photograph of the hole wall in the retreat stage and transmits the image to the processing control system for analysis and processing, obtains the crack position and length information in the retreat stage and stores it for the next rock breaking; during the process of pushing the drill bit 10 forward to the bottom of the hole again, the conductive solution spraying device 50 and the discharge electrode 60 successively spray the conductive solution and release the high - voltage electric pulse to break the rock for the cracks in the stage above the retreat stage until the required drilling length is completed;

[0064] S4. Conduct small-scale blasting rock breaking according to the design plan.

[0065] During the drilling (i.e., hole drilling) of the drill bit 10, water is sprayed during drilling to carry away rock debris.

[0066] In steps S2 and S3, parameters such as the discharge time and discharge power of the high-voltage electric pulse are not required. Professionals in this field can select according to the lithology to meet actual needs.

[0067] Among them, in steps S1 and S3, if there are multiple cracks on the hole wall in the same stage, select the N cracks with the largest crack opening for subsequent conductive solution spraying and high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking.

[0068] To describe this method more specifically, the above-mentioned use method of the rock drill rod is divided into the first drilling and non-first drilling.

[0069] First drilling: When the drill bit 10 first drills to the position of "3L + X", stop drilling and synchronously trigger the camera 40 to enter the working state. Subsequently, the drill bit 10 starts to retreat, and the camera 40 takes pictures of the hole wall in the second stage and the initial stage, and transmits the captured images to the processing control system in real time. When the drill bit 10 retreats two stages to the position of "L + X", stop retreating, and then push the drill bit 10 forward to the bottom of the hole. During this period, the conductive solution spraying device 50 enters the working state, sprays liquid on the cracks in the initial stage, and then the discharge electrode 60 releases high-voltage electric pulses to the sprayed area for rock mass fracturing.

[0070] Non-first drilling: When the drill bit 10 is pushed to the position of "nL + X" again, n≥3 and is an integer, that is, the bottom of the hole after the previous drilling is completed, the rock drilling jumbo or the drill drives the drill bit 10 to enter the working state and drill forward one stage. At this time, the drill bit 10 reaches the position of "nL + L + X", then stop drilling and synchronously trigger the camera 40 to enter the working state. Subsequently, the drill bit 10 retreats one stage. During the retreat, the camera 40 takes pictures of the hole wall in the "n"th stage and transmits the captured images to the processing control system in real time. The processing control system identifies and screens the cracks in the image of the "n"th stage and saves them for use in the next electric pulse-assisted rock breaking. When the drill bit 10 retreats one stage to the position of "nL + X", stop retreating. Then push the drill bit 10 forward again. During this period, the conductive solution spraying device 50 enters the working state, sprays liquid on the cracks in the "(n - 1)"th stage, and the discharge electrode 60 releases high-voltage electric pulses to the sprayed area for rock mass fracturing. When the drill bit 10 is pushed to the position of "(nL + L) + X" again, repeat the steps of non-first drilling. All subsequent non-first drillings can repeat the above steps.

[0071] The above embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rock drilling rod based on electric pulse technology, characterized in that, It is used to expand and crack rock mass during drill - blasting method drilling construction in cooperation with a rock - drilling jumbo or a drill. The rock - drilling drill rod includes a drill bit, a drill rod, an insulating sleeve, a camera, a conductive solution spraying device, a discharge electrode, a high - voltage electric pulse generator, and a processing control system; The diameter of the drill bit is larger than that of the drill rod. The outer diameter of the insulating sleeve is equal to the diameter of the drill bit, and the inner diameter of the insulating sleeve is larger than that of the drill rod. The rear end of the drill bit is connected to the front end of the drill rod. The insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the drill rod, and the front end of the insulating sleeve is connected to the rear end of the drill bit. The insulating sleeve successively includes a front section, a middle section, and a rear section from front to back. The lengths of the front section and the middle section are the same as that of the drill bit. A transparent window is provided on the outer wall of the front section, and a discharge port and a liquid spraying port are provided on the outer wall of the middle section; The camera is installed on the outside of the drill rod and faces the transparent window. The camera is used to photograph the hole wall; The conductive solution spraying device includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid extraction pump, a pressure pump, and a nozzle arranged on the drill rod. The nozzle faces the liquid spraying port. The liquid storage tank is used to store the conductive solution. The liquid storage tank, the liquid extraction pump, the pressure pump, and the nozzle are successively connected through a liquid delivery pipe; The discharge electrode is fixed to the outside of the drill rod through an insulating base and points to the discharge port. The discharge electrode has a high - voltage electrode and a low - voltage electrode that are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the high - voltage electric pulse generator; The processing control system is electrically connected to the camera and is used to identify and screen cracks in the images taken by the camera. The processing control system is also used to be electrically connected to the rock - drilling jumbo or the drill to control the distance of each drill - in of the drill bit, the drilling - stop duration, and the rotation angle; 2. The rock drill rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rock - drilling drill rod includes two cameras. Two transparent windows are symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the front section. The two cameras are symmetrically installed on the outside of the drill rod and respectively face the two transparent windows; 3. The rock drill rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are three discharge ports, namely a first discharge port, a second discharge port, and a third discharge port. The high - voltage electrode faces the first discharge port. The second discharge port is axially spaced from the first discharge port along the insulating sleeve. The third discharge port is circumferentially spaced from the first discharge port along the insulating sleeve. The discharge electrode includes two low - voltage electrodes, and the two low - voltage electrodes are respectively arranged facing the second discharge port and the third discharge port; 4. The rock drill rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting column is coaxially arranged at the rear end of the drill bit. External threads are provided on the outside of the connecting column. Internal threads are provided on the inner side of the front end of the insulating sleeve. The front end of the insulating sleeve is thread - connected to the connecting column; A threaded hole is coaxially arranged at the rear end of the connecting column. External threads are provided at the front end of the drill rod. The front end of the drill rod is thread - connected to the threaded hole; 5. The rock drill rod according to claim 1, wherein An accommodation cavity is provided inside the drill rod. The liquid storage tank, the liquid extraction pump, and the pressure pump are all arranged in the accommodation cavity; 6. The rock drill rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, A liquid adding port is provided on the liquid storage tank, and a sealing screw is screwed on the liquid adding port.

7. A method for using a rock drill rod based on electric pulse technology, characterized in that, For the rock drill pipe according to any one of claims 1-6, the method of using the rock drill pipe comprises the following steps: S1. According to the designed blasting scheme, assemble the rock drill pipe with the rock drilling jumbo or the drill. When drilling for the first time, the drilling depth is 3L + X, where L is the length of the drill bit, and each length is recorded as a stage, and X is the straight-line distance from the camera to the rear end of the drill bit. Then stop drilling and start the camera. Next, the drill bit retreats two stages. During this period, the camera takes a panoramic photograph of the hole wall in the second stage and the starting stage, and transmits the image to the processing control system. The processing control system processes the photographed hole wall image and respectively records the position and length information of the hole wall cracks in these two stages; S2. Push the drill bit forward to the bottom of the borehole. During this period, the rock drilling jumbo or the drill adjusts the rotation angle of the drill pipe based on the crack position and length information in the initial stage. The liquid extraction pump extracts the conductive solution in the liquid storage device under the control of the processing control system, pressurizes it through the pressure pump, and sprays it onto the crack area in the initial stage through the nozzle. Subsequently, the discharge electrode releases a high-voltage electric pulse to the crack filled with the conductive solution, and the high-voltage electric pulse forms a current damage area within a certain range with the crack as the channel, expanding the rock mass cracks in the initial stage and realizing the reduction of the rock mass strength in the initial stage; S3. After the drill bit is pushed to the bottom of the borehole, start the rock drilling jumbo or the drill to drive the drill bit to drill forward. Then, stop drilling once after drilling forward one stage, and then retreat one stage. During the retreat period, the camera takes a photograph of the hole wall in the retreat stage and transmits the image to the processing control system for analysis and processing, obtains the crack position and length information in the retreat stage and stores it for the next rock breaking use. During the process of pushing the drill bit forward to the bottom of the borehole again, the conductive solution spraying device and the discharge electrode successively spray the conductive solution and release high-voltage electric pulses for rock breaking on the cracks in the previous stage of the retreat stage until the required borehole depth is drilled; S4. Carry out small-dose blasting rock breaking according to the design scheme.

8. The method for using a rock drill rod according to claim 7, wherein In steps S1 and S3, if there are multiple cracks on the hole wall in the same stage, select the N cracks with the largest cracking for subsequent conductive solution spraying and high-voltage electric pulse rock breaking.

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