A method for thin vein residual ore subarea rock drilling alternate operation one blasting stoping

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of thin vein residual ore subarea rock drilling alternate operation once blasting stoping method;It is related to the technical field of ore mining, including the following steps: S1, stope layout, stope is divided into two-step stope, S2, preparation cutting engineering;S3, once blasting stoping one-step stope top and bottom column, and complete ore drawing;S4, before two-step stope stoping, one-step stope on both sides is carried out cemented filling;S5, once blasting stoping two-step stope top and bottom column, and complete filling ore drawing;The main recovery scheme of the mine column commonly used in the application is to recover the column and the top column after the filling of the goaf is completed, and the stoping method is stratified stoping, which has low stoping efficiency. The main stoping operation time of the once blasting residual ore recovery method is rock drilling and ore drawing, and the stoping efficiency is significantly improved. At the same time, the staff is located in the vein roadway to carry out the operation, does not enter the stratified stoping in the stress concentration column, and does not carry out the operation at the bottom of the filling body, which effectively ensures the safety of stoping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore mining technology, and in particular to a method for single-stage blasting mining of thin vein residual ore through alternating drilling and blasting operations. Background Technology

[0002] In China, many mines use shallow-hole mining with raised pits for thin veins. After the stope is mined, a frame structure of top pillars, bottom pillars, and intermediate pillars is left, and the recovery rate of the stope is only about 75%.

[0003] The commonly used pillar recovery scheme in mines mainly involves mining the inter-pillar and top pillar after the goaf is filled. The mining method is layered mining, which has low mining efficiency, requires a lot of extra-vein engineering, requires high strength of the mining filling body, and has high mining cost. At the same time, since the bottom pillar is located at the bottom of the filling body, the top and bottom pillars are subjected to concentrated ground stress for a long time and are damaged, so the safety during the mining process cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To improve operational safety, this application provides a method for alternating drilling and blasting operations in thin vein residual ore sections for single-stage mining.

[0005] This application provides a method for single-stage blasting mining of residual ore in thin veins using alternating zoned drilling and rock drilling, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for single-stage blasting mining of residual ore in thin veins using alternating zoned drilling and rock drilling operations includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Mining layout: The mining is divided into two steps. The first step mining is the top and bottom pillars of the goaf, and the second step mining is the pillars between the top and bottom of the goaf.

[0008] S2, the mining preparation and cutting project, which involves constructing the mining area connecting roadway and ore exit roadway along the vein outside the vein;

[0009] S3. One-time blasting to recover the top and bottom pillars of the stope in one step, and complete the ore extraction;

[0010] S4. Before the second-step mining area is backfilled, cemented backfilling is carried out on both sides of the first-step mining area, and cemented backfilling is also carried out on the bottom goaf.

[0011] S5. One-time blasting and backfilling of the top and bottom pillars of the mining area, and completion of the backfilling and frame removal.

[0012] Optionally, in step S2, fresh air enters the working face of the mining area from the intermediate transport roadway and connecting roadway, while polluted air is drawn out by the local fan to the roadway along the outside of the vein.

[0013] Optionally, in step S3, an upward fan-shaped medium-deep borehole is constructed using the vein-along roadway at the bottom of the stope, and the bottom pillar is recovered by one-time blasting with the goaf, funnel, and vein-along roadway as free faces;

[0014] By constructing downward boreholes along the vein within the upper and middle sections, the roof pillars of the goaf are recovered in a single blast, with the goaf as the free face.

[0015] Optionally, the strength of the backfill in the first-step stope is greater than 2.0 MPa, and the strength of the backfill in the second-step stope is greater than 0.5 MPa.

[0016] Optionally, in step S5, the two-step mining of the adjacent stope of the first step is carried out by constructing an upward fan-shaped medium-deep hole in the vein roadway at the bottom of the stope, and the bottom pillar is recovered by blasting in one go with the goaf and funnel as the free surface.

[0017] Using the upper and middle sections of the vein, the downward holes are constructed along the vein roadway, and the goaf is used as a free face to blast and recover the goaf roof pillar in one go.

[0018] Deep holes are constructed along the vein in the upper and middle sections of the vein to recover the inter-column structure using the goaf as the free face.

[0019] Optionally, in steps S3 and S5, the spacing between the upper fan-shaped deep holes is 1.4~1.6m, and the hole bottom distance is 1.6~1.8m; the hole depth of the lower holes is adjusted according to the three-dimensional detection results of the goaf, and the hole depth is 0.8~1.5m less than the thickness of the top column.

[0020] Optionally, in step S5, the pillar mining is carried out as follows: deep holes are drilled in the upper and middle sections of the pillar along the vein roadway. Considering the influence of the riser connecting roadway and the relatively thin ore body, a row of deep holes is arranged on both the upper and lower walls of the pillar, with a hole spacing of 2.5~3.0m; a blasting is carried out with the goaf and riser as the free face.

[0021] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] (1) High security

[0023] Workers operate within the vein-lined roadways, avoiding stratified mining within stress-concentrated pillars and refraining from bottom-level operations within the backfill, thus effectively ensuring mining safety.

[0024] (2) Low mining cost

[0025] Steeply inclined thin veins have low residual ore resource value. The method of using one-time blasting to recover residual ore resources can effectively reduce the amount of preparation work and the strength of the backfill body, and effectively reduce the recovery cost.

[0026] (3) High mining efficiency

[0027] The commonly used pillar recovery scheme in mines mainly involves mining the interstitial pillars and roof pillars after the goaf is filled. The mining method is layered mining, which has low mining efficiency. The method of mining residual ore resources by blasting once mainly involves drilling and ore extraction, which significantly improves mining efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a diagram of a one-step top and bottom pillar mining scheme;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a diagram of a two-step mining scheme involving top and bottom pillars.

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view of BB;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the drilling layout scheme for the top pillar in the downward hole mining operation;

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Sectional view of CC;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the drilling layout scheme for the inter-column rock drilling in the downward deep-hole mining process;

[0035] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Sectional view of DD;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the drilling layout scheme for the bottom pillar in the upward-facing hole recovery operation;

[0037] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A sectional view of EE.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1. Top pillar; 2. Bottom pillar; 3. Interstitial pillar; 4. External transport roadway; 5. Ore pass; 6. Ore extraction roadway; 7. Backfill body; 8. Goaf; 9. Blasting hole; 10. Connecting roadway; 11. Backfill retaining wall; 12. Rock drilling roadway. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-10 This application will be described in further detail.

[0041] A gold mine has a steeply dipping, thin vein ore body with moderately stable or better surrounding rock conditions. The shallow part of the mine contains numerous shallow-hole stope areas (8), with top and bottom pillars (2) and inter-pillar pillars (3) remaining. The design employs a method of alternating zoned drilling and single-stage blasting for resource recovery. The adjacent stope areas (8) are divided into two stages for recovery. First, the top and bottom pillars (2) of the first-stage stope area (8) are recovered, followed by the second-stage stope area (8) with its top, bottom, and inter-pillar pillars (3), achieving full resource recovery.

[0042] This application discloses a method for single-blasting mining of residual ore in thin veins using alternating zoned drilling and rock drilling, the method comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1. Mining layout: The mining area is divided into two steps for mining. The first step mining area is the top and bottom pillars of the goaf 8 and the second step mining area is the top and bottom pillars of the goaf 8.

[0044] S2. The mining preparation and cutting project involves constructing the stope connecting roadway 10 and the ore exit roadway from the outer vein roadway. Fresh air enters the stope working face from the middle transport roadway and connecting roadway, while polluted air is extracted to the outer vein roadway by the local fan.

[0045] S3. One-time blasting to recover the top and bottom pillars 2 of the mining area. In step S3, the upward fan-shaped medium-deep holes are constructed in the vein roadway at the bottom of the mining area, and the bottom pillar 2 is recovered by one-time blasting with the goaf 8, funnel and vein roadway as the free face.

[0046] Using the downward borehole constructed along the vein roadway in the upper and middle sections, the roof pillar 1 of goaf 8 was recovered by one-time blasting with goaf 8 as the free face; and ore extraction was completed.

[0047] The spacing between the upper fan-shaped medium-deep holes is 1.4~1.6m, and the distance between the bottom holes is 1.6~1.8m. The depth of the lower holes is adjusted according to the three-dimensional detection results of the goaf 8, and the hole depth is 0.8~1.5m less than the thickness of the top column 1.

[0048] S4. Before the second-step mining area is backfilled, the first-step mining areas on both sides are cemented and backfilled, and the bottom goaf 8 is also cemented and backfilled.

[0049] During backfilling, rock drilling roadway 12 and rock drilling chamber were supported by anchor mesh. Simultaneously, reasonable blasting parameters and blasting techniques were explored during the experiment to reduce damage to the ore body and backfill 7 caused by blasting operations. The strength of backfill 7 in the first-step stope must be greater than 2.0 MPa.

[0050] S5. One-time blasting to recover the top and bottom pillars 3 of the two-step mining area, two-step mining of the adjacent mining area of ​​the first step, using the vein roadway along the vein at the bottom of the mining area to construct an upward fan-shaped medium-deep hole, and using the goaf 8 and the funnel as the free face to blast and recover the bottom pillar 2 in one go.

[0051] Using the downward hole constructed along the vein roadway in the upper and middle sections, the roof pillar 1 of goaf 8 was recovered by one-time blasting with goaf 8 as the free face.

[0052] The spacing between the upper fan-shaped medium-deep holes is 1.4~1.6m, and the distance between the bottom holes is 1.6~1.8m. The depth of the lower holes is adjusted according to the three-dimensional detection results of the goaf 8, and the hole depth is 0.8~1.5m less than the thickness of the top column 1.

[0053] Inter-pillar 3 mining: Deep holes are constructed along the vein roadway of inter-pillar 3 in the upper and middle sections. Considering the influence of the riser connecting roadway 10 and the relatively thin ore body, one row of deep holes is arranged on each of the upper and lower walls of inter-pillar 3, with a hole spacing of 2.5~3.0m. A blasting is carried out with the goaf 8 and the riser as the free face. The filling and ore extraction are completed, and the strength of the filling body 7 in the second-step stope is greater than 0.5MPa.

[0054] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for stoping by one blasting of thin vein remnant zoning rock drilling alternate operation, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: S1, stope arrangement, the stope is divided into two-step stope, one-step stope is the top and bottom pillar of the mined-out area, and two-step stope is the top and bottom inter-pillar of the mined-out area; S2, stope preparation cutting engineering, the stope connecting channel and the ore extraction access are constructed by the vein outside and vein roadway; S3, one-time blasting and recovery of the top and bottom pillar of one-step stope, and completion of ore extraction; S4, before the recovery of two-step stope, the two one-step stopes are cemented and filled, and the bottom mined-out area is also cemented and filled; S5, one-time blasting and recovery of the top and bottom inter-pillar of two-step stope, and completion of filling and ore extraction.

2. A method for thin vein residual ore subzone rock drilling and alternate operation blasting stoping according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, fresh air flows into the stope working face from the middle section transportation roadway and the connecting roadway, and dirty air is extracted by the local fan to the vein outside and vein roadway.

3. A method of thin lode residual ore subzone rock drilling and alternate operation blasting stoping according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, upward fan-shaped medium-length holes are constructed by using the vein inside and vein roadway at the bottom of the stope, and the mined-out area, funnel and vein roadway are used as free surfaces for one-time blasting and recovery of the bottom pillar; Downward holes are constructed by using the vein inside and vein roadway at the upper middle section, and the mined-out area is used as a free surface for one-time blasting and recovery of the top pillar of the mined-out area.

4. A method of thin lode residual ore subzone rock drilling and alternate operation blasting stoping according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filling body strength of one-step stope is greater than 2.0 MPa, and the filling body strength of two-step stope is greater than 0.5 MPa.

5. A method of thin lode residual ore sublevel stoping by alternate drilling and blasting according to claim 4, characterised by the fact that: In step S5, two-step recovery of one-step adjacent stope, upward fan-shaped medium-length holes are constructed by using the vein inside and vein roadway at the bottom of the stope, and the mined-out area and funnel are used as free surfaces for one-time blasting and recovery of the bottom pillar; Downward holes are constructed by using the vein inside and vein roadway at the upper middle section, and the mined-out area is used as a free surface for one-time blasting and recovery of the top pillar of the mined-out area; Downward deep holes are constructed by using the vein inside and vein roadway at the upper middle section, and the mined-out area is used as a free surface for recovery of the inter-pillar.

6. A method of thin lode residual ore sublevel stoping by alternate drilling and blasting according to claim 5, characterised by the fact that: In steps S3 and S5, the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole has a row distance of 1.4-1.6 m and a hole bottom distance of 1.6-1.8 m; the downward hole depth is adjusted according to the three-dimensional detection results of the mined-out area, and the hole depth is less than the thickness of the top pillar by 0.8-1.5 m.

7. A method of thin lode residual ore subzone rock drilling and alternate work one blast stoping according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, inter-pillar recovery: downward deep holes are constructed in the vein inside and vein roadway at the upper middle section, considering the influence of the raise connecting channel and the thin thickness of the ore body, so that one row of deep holes is arranged on the upper and lower discs of the inter-pillar, the hole distance is 2.5-3.0 m, and one-time blasting is performed with the mined-out area and the raise as free surfaces.

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