Large-width-diameter-ratio single-stage double-helical-tooth gearbox transmission device

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-width-diameter-ratio single-stage double-helical-tooth gearbox transmission device, and belongs to the technical field of gear transmission. The device comprises a box body, an input system assembly and an output system assembly, wherein the input system assembly and the output system assembly are installed on the box body. The input system assembly comprises an input shaft and at least one set of first bevel gear assemblies, the first bevel gear assemblies are arranged on the input shaft at intervals, and each set of first bevel gear assemblies comprises two bevel gears opposite in rotation direction. The shaft extension end of the input shaft is matched with an interface at one end of the box and connected with a power source. The output system assembly comprises an output shaft and at least one second bevel gear assembly meshed with the first bevel gear assembly, the output system assembly is responsible for power transmission, and the shaft extension end of the output shaft is matched with an interface at the other end of the box body and connected with load equipment; the first bevel gear assembly and the input shaft are connected in a split mode. By means of the innovative structural design, the use limitation of gears with the large width-diameter ratio is broken through, and the bearing capacity and the power density ratio of the gear box are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device with a large width-diameter ratio, belonging to the technical field of gear transmission. Background Art

[0002] The transmission equipment manufacturing industry is developing towards the direction of high power density, which means that transmission equipment needs to achieve higher transmission capacity with smaller volume and lighter weight. Due to the limitation of material properties, the width-diameter ratio of gears in traditional single-stage herringbone gearboxes and single-helical gearboxes cannot be made too wide. If the width-diameter ratio of gears is too large, it will cause elastic deformation of the shaft and gears, resulting in large eccentric loads, affecting the service life and transmission efficiency of gears. In addition, when modifying the shape of overly wide gears, it is easy to cause calculation distortion, further affecting the meshing performance and transmission accuracy of gears.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to innovatively arrange the structure of the gear transmission device to effectively solve the related technical drawbacks faced in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device with a large width-diameter ratio. By adopting a split structure to connect the high-speed helical gear and the high-speed input shaft, it aims to solve the problems of limited width-diameter ratio of gears, large elastic deformation of the shaft and gears, and serious eccentric load faced by traditional gearboxes when pursuing high power density.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device with a large width-diameter ratio, which includes: a box body, and an input system component and an output system component respectively installed on the box body; The input system component includes: an input shaft and at least one set of first helical gear components, and each of the first helical gear components is arranged on the input shaft at intervals; each of the first helical gear components includes: two helical gears with opposite helix directions, and the two helical gears are also arranged at intervals; the shaft extension end of the input shaft is matched with a first interface opened at one end of the box body for connecting with a power source; The output system component includes: an output shaft and at least one set of second helical gear components meshing with the first helical gear components to complete power transmission; the shaft extension end of the output shaft is matched with a second interface opened at the other end of the box body for connecting with a load device; Wherein, the connection between the first helical gear component and the input shaft is a split connection.

[0006] Optionally, both the first helical gear component and the second helical gear component are set to one set; the first helical gear component includes: helical gear one and helical gear two; the second helical gear component includes: helical gear three and helical gear four; On the middle part of the outer circle of the input shaft, two external straight-tooth splines are symmetrically arranged at intervals, namely the first external straight-tooth spline and the second external straight-tooth spline; on the inner hole of the first helical gear, a first internal straight-tooth spline matching the tooth profile of the first external straight-tooth spline is provided, and on the inner hole of the second helical gear, a second internal straight-tooth spline matching the tooth profile of the second external straight-tooth spline is provided; Among them, the second helical gear is close to the shaft extension end of the input shaft, and the third helical gear is close to the shaft extension end of the output shaft; the first helical gear meshes with the third helical gear, and the second helical gear meshes with the fourth helical gear.

[0007] Optionally, the tooth widths of the first helical gear, the second helical gear, the third helical gear and the fourth helical gear are all equal, and the width-diameter ratios of the first helical gear and the second helical gear are both greater than the width-diameter ratios of the third helical gear and the fourth helical gear.

[0008] Optionally, after carburizing and quenching treatment, the width-diameter ratio of the first helical gear and the second helical gear is 3.2.

[0009] Optionally, the first helical gear is a right-handed tooth, the second helical gear is a left-handed tooth, and they are arranged in a "V" shape on the input shaft; the third helical gear is a left-handed tooth, the fourth helical gear is a right-handed tooth, and they are arranged in an "inverted V" shape on the output shaft; Among them, the axial forces of the first helical gear and the second helical gear are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the axial forces cancel each other out, and there is no axial force on the whole externally.

[0010] Optionally, the first helical gear and the second helical gear also respectively have axial sliding in cooperation with the third helical gear and the fourth helical gear on the input shaft, so as to achieve automatic centering.

[0011] Optionally, the sliding range corresponding to the first helical gear (6) and the second helical gear (7) on the input shaft (2) is set to 0-0.02 mm.

[0012] Optionally, a lower groove is provided in the middle part of the outer circle of the input shaft, and the first external straight-tooth spline and the second external straight-tooth spline are respectively located on both sides of the lower groove; On one side of the first helical gear and the second helical gear, there are also respectively protruding parts. The end faces of the two protruding parts are in contact, and a plurality of oil ports are also provided on the outer side surface of the contact area of the two protruding parts, so that lubricating oil can enter the lower groove through the oil ports to lubricate the meshing area of the corresponding internal and external straight-tooth splines; Among them, the plurality of oil ports are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention: (1) The present invention adopts a split structure composed of a high-speed helical gear one, a high-speed helical gear two and a high-speed input shaft, which makes this structure different from the traditional structure where the high-speed helical gear and the high-speed shaft are integrated, avoiding the cumulative increase of torque during transmission and the sequential deformation of the shaft. During operation, the external driving device transmits the torque to the shaft extension end of the high-speed input shaft, and the high-speed input shaft transmits the torque to the high-speed helical gear one and the high-speed helical gear two respectively through two external straight-tooth splines in the middle part. This uniform torque transmission method greatly reduces the deformation of the gears, enabling the gears to be widened under the condition of controlling the same deformation amount, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the gears. (2) Due to the automatic centering feature of the herringbone gear, the traditional integral structure may cause a relatively large axial movement of the high-speed input shaft during startup or normal operation. The split structure designed by the present invention can also effectively solve the problem of relatively large axial movement of the high-speed input shaft. In addition, there is a slight axial sliding adjustment between the helical gear one and the helical gear two respectively cooperating with the helical gear three and the helical gear four on the input shaft. This design realizes the automatic centering function during the gear meshing process, ensuring the reliability of gear meshing and the smoothness of operation. (3) The combined design of the lower groove on the input shaft, the protruding part on the helical gear and the oil port enables the lubricating oil to smoothly enter the meshing area of the internal and external straight-tooth splines, improving the lubrication effect and reducing wear and failures. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 The figure shows the overall structural schematic diagram of the large diameter-to-width ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device of the present invention; Figure 2 The figure shows an internal structural schematic diagram of the large diameter-to-width ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device of the present invention; Figure 3 The figure shows another internal structural schematic diagram of the large diameter-to-width ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device of the present invention; Figure 4 The figure shows the present invention Figure 2 The corresponding partial enlarged view at I; Figure 5 The figure shows the structural schematic diagram of the first helical gear assembly in the large diameter-to-width ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device of the present invention; Figure 6 The figure shows the structural schematic diagram of the input shaft in the large diameter-to-width ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device of the present invention; Figure 7 The figure shows the structural schematic diagram after the assembly of the first helical gear assembly and the input shaft in the large diameter-to-width ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device of the present invention; In the figure: 1 - housing; 2 - input shaft; 3 - first helical gear assembly; 4 - output shaft; 5 - second helical gear assembly; 6 - first helical gear; 7 - second helical gear; 8 - third helical gear; 9 - fourth helical gear; 10 - first external straight spline; 11 - second external straight spline; 12 - first internal straight spline; 13 - second internal straight spline; 14 - lower groove; 15 - protruding part; 16 - oil port; 17 - bearing; 18 - input shaft blind cover; 19 - output shaft blind cover; 20 - input shaft through cover; 21 - output shaft through cover. Detailed implementation mode

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] Embodiment 1 This embodiment introduces a large diameter - to - width ratio single - stage double - helical gearbox transmission device, which includes: a housing 1 and an input system assembly and an output system assembly respectively installed on the housing 1.

[0017] The input system assembly includes: an input shaft 2 and at least one group of first helical gear assemblies 3, and each of the first helical gear assemblies 3 is arranged on the input shaft 2 at intervals; each of the first helical gear assemblies 3 includes: two helical gears with opposite helix directions, and the two helical gears are also arranged at intervals; the shaft extension end of the input shaft 2 is matched with a first interface opened at one end of the housing 1 for connecting with a power source; wherein, an input shaft through cover 20 is provided at the first interface, and an input shaft blind cover 18 is provided on the housing 1 corresponding to the other end of the input shaft 2.

[0018] The output system assembly includes: an output shaft 4 and at least one group of second helical gear assemblies 5 meshing with the first helical gear assemblies 3 to complete power transmission; the shaft extension end of the output shaft 4 is matched with a second interface opened at the other end of the housing 1 for connecting with a load device; wherein, an output shaft through cover 21 is provided at the second interface, and an output shaft blind cover 19 is provided on the housing 1 corresponding to the other end of the output shaft 4.

[0019] Among them, the connection between the first helical gear assembly 3 and the input shaft 2 is a split connection.

[0020] In actual application of this embodiment, a power source (such as a motor) is connected to the interface at one end of the housing 1 through the input shaft 2 to drive the input shaft 2 to rotate. The first helical gear assemblies 3 on the input shaft 2 rotate accordingly. Since the first helical gear assemblies 3 include two helical gears with opposite helix directions, they can transmit power smoothly and cancel the axial force. The first helical gear assemblies 3 mesh with the second helical gear assemblies 5 on the output shaft 2 to transmit the power to the output shaft 4. The output shaft 4 is connected to the load device through the interface at the other end of the housing 1 to drive the load device to work.

[0021] In particular, in this embodiment, a split structure composed of a high-speed helical gear assembly (the first helical gear assembly 3) and a high-speed input shaft is adopted. This structure is significantly different from the traditional structure in which a high-speed helical gear and a high-speed shaft are integrated, effectively avoiding the cumulative increase of torque during transmission and the sequential deformation of the shaft. During operation, an external driving device transmits torque to the shaft extension end of the high-speed input shaft, and then the high-speed input shaft evenly transmits the torque to two helical gears arranged at intervals. This uniform torque transmission method greatly reduces the deformation of the gears, enabling the gears to be widened under the condition of controlling the same deformation amount, thereby significantly increasing the bearing capacity of the gears. Generally speaking, the present invention realizes the uniform transmission of torque and the improvement of the bearing capacity of the gears by arranging at least one set (multiple sets can be arranged) of the first helical gear assemblies and connecting the high-speed helical gears and the high-speed input shaft by a split structure.

[0022] Embodiment 2 Reference Figures 1 to 6 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, taking the power transmission between a set of the first helical gear assemblies 3 and a set of the second helical gear assemblies 5 by meshing with each other as an example, the relevant structural design and function realization process of the large diameter-width ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device are introduced in detail as follows.

[0023] The first helical gear assembly 3 includes: a first helical gear 6 and a second helical gear 7, and the second helical gear assembly 5 includes: a third helical gear 8 and a fourth helical gear 9. These helical gears are all precision machined to ensure the accuracy of their tooth profiles, pitches, and tooth widths.

[0024] On the outer circle of the input shaft 2, two external straight-tooth splines are symmetrically arranged at intervals in the middle part, namely a first external straight-tooth spline 10 and a second external straight-tooth spline 11. These two external straight-tooth splines are used to cooperate with the first internal straight-tooth spline 12 and the second internal straight-tooth spline 13 at the inner holes of the first helical gear 6 and the second helical gear 7 to achieve torque transmission. At the inner holes of the first helical gear 6 and the second helical gear 7, internal straight-tooth splines matching the tooth profiles of the first external straight-tooth spline 10 and the second external straight-tooth spline 11 are respectively provided, ensuring the stability and reliability of the transmission.

[0025] In terms of arrangement, the second helical gear 7 is close to the shaft extension end of the input shaft 2, and the third helical gear 8 is close to the shaft extension end of the output shaft 4. The first helical gear 6 meshes with the third helical gear 8, and the second helical gear 7 meshes with the fourth helical gear 9, forming a stable power transmission path.

[0026] The tooth widths of the first helical gear 6, the second helical gear 7, the third helical gear 8, and the fourth helical gear 9 are all equal. In order to withstand greater loads, the width-diameter ratios of the first helical gear 6 and the second helical gear 7 are both greater than those of the third helical gear 8 and the fourth helical gear 9. After carburizing and quenching treatment, the width-diameter ratios of the first helical gear 6 and the second helical gear 7 can reach 3.2, improving the hardness and wear resistance of the gears. It should be noted that the above-mentioned width-diameter ratio is an important parameter in gear design, which represents the ratio of the tooth width (B) to the pitch diameter (D) of the gear. The larger the width-diameter ratio, the relatively wider the tooth width of the gear, and the greater the torque and load that can be borne. However, it will also increase the radial size and weight of the gear.

[0027] In terms of helix direction, the first helical gear 6 is a right-handed tooth, and the second helical gear 7 is a left-handed tooth. They are arranged in a "V" shape on the input shaft; correspondingly, the third helical gear 8 is a left-handed tooth, and the fourth helical gear 9 is a right-handed tooth, arranged in an "inverted V" shape on the output shaft. This helix direction arrangement makes the axial forces of the first helical gear 6 and the second helical gear 7 equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the axial forces cancel each other out, resulting in no overall external axial force, reducing the load and wear of the bearings.

[0028] In order to achieve automatic centering, the first helical gear 6 and the second helical gear 7 on the input shaft 2 also have slight axial sliding respectively in cooperation with the third helical gear 8 and the fourth helical gear 9. This sliding range is set to 0 - 0.02 mm, which not only ensures the stability of the transmission but also allows a certain amount of axial adjustment.

[0029] In terms of lubrication, a lower groove 14 is provided in the middle of the outer circle of the input shaft 2. The first external straight-tooth spline 10 and the second external straight-tooth spline 11 are respectively located on both sides of the lower groove 14. On one side of the first helical gear 6 and the second helical gear 7, there are also protruding parts 15 respectively. The end faces of the two protruding parts 15 are in contact, and a number of oil ports 16 are also provided on the outer side surface of the contact area of the two protruding parts 15. These oil ports 16 are arranged at equal circumferential intervals, and are used to allow lubricating oil to enter the lower groove 14 through the oil ports 16 to lubricate the corresponding meshing areas of the internal and external straight-tooth splines. This combined design greatly improves the service life of the relevant splines.

[0030] When the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 4 in this embodiment are installed on the housing 1, the corresponding shafts can be installed on the housing 1 by interference fit using bearings 17, and at the same time, radial positioning is carried out through the interfaces (bearing holes) provided on the housing 1. Specifically, the outer ring of the bearing is fixed through the bearing hole of the housing 1, and the inner ring is fixed through the retaining ring on the shaft or the shaft shoulder provided.

[0031] In addition, the large aspect ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device in this embodiment further includes a complete lubrication assembly. The lubrication assembly includes: an oil sump, an oil level gauge, and a filter. The oil sump is located at the bottom of the housing 1 and is used to store lubricating oil. The lubricating oil in the oil sump is delivered to a number of the oil ports 16 through an oil pump to ensure sufficient lubrication of each lubrication point. The oil level gauge is installed on the side of the oil sump and is used to check the lubricating oil level at any time to ensure the normal operation of the lubrication system. The filter is installed at the oil inlet of the oil sump and is used to prevent impurities from entering the oil sump and maintain the cleanliness of the lubricating oil.

[0032] To control the operating temperature of the gearbox, heat sinks are also installed on the surface of the housing 1. These heat sinks effectively dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the gearbox, maintain the stable operating temperature of the gearbox, and improve the overall performance and service life of the gearbox.

[0033] To ensure the overall rigidity and stability of the gearbox, the housing is made of high-strength materials, and its internal structure (such as adding corresponding reinforcing ribs) is reasonably designed to effectively support and fix each gear shaft and bearing. At the same time, necessary seals and fasteners are also provided on the housing 1 to ensure the sealing performance and reliability of the gearbox.

[0034] It is also worth noting that the connection method between the second helical gear assembly 5 and the output shaft 4 in this embodiment can be the same as the connection method between the first helical gear assembly 3 and the input shaft 2, that is, a split connection, or it can be an integrally formed design. In this embodiment, a split design is preferably adopted, and the relevant structural design and functional effects will not be elaborated here.

[0035] In summary, the large aspect ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device of this embodiment has the advantages of reasonable structural design, stable and reliable transmission, strong load-bearing capacity, sufficient lubrication, good heat dissipation effect, etc., and is suitable for various occasions requiring high-torque and high-power density transmission.

[0036] In the description of the present disclosure / application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture. If this specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. It is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure / application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure / application.

[0037] In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such features. In the description of the present disclosure / application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0038] In the description of the present disclosure / application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" shall be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure / application can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0039] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure / application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present disclosure / application, several improvements and modifications can still be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present disclosure / application.

Claims

1. A single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device with a large width-to-diameter ratio, characterized in that: include: A box body (1) and an input system component and an output system component respectively mounted on the box body (1); The input system assembly comprises: an input shaft (2) and at least one set of first helical gear assemblies (3), each of the first helical gear assemblies (3) being arranged on the input shaft (2) at intervals; each of the first helical gear assemblies (3) comprises: two helical gears with opposite rotation directions, and the two helical gears are also arranged at intervals; the shaft extension end of the input shaft (2) is matched with a first interface provided at one end of the housing (1) for connection with a power source; The output system assembly comprises: an output shaft (4) and at least one set of second helical gear assemblies (5) meshing with the first helical gear assembly (3) to complete power transmission; the shaft extension end of the output shaft (4) cooperates with a second interface opened at the other end of the box body (1) to be connected to a load device; Wherein, the first helical gear assembly (3) and the input shaft (2) are connected in a split manner.

2. The high aspect ratio single-stage double helical gearbox transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first helical gear assembly (3) and the second helical gear assembly (5) are both arranged as a group; the first helical gear assembly (3) comprises: a helical gear one (6) and a helical gear two (7); the second helical gear assembly (4) comprises: a helical gear three (8) and a helical gear four (9); The input shaft (2) is provided with two external spur splines symmetrically spaced apart in the middle of its outer circle, namely a first external spur spline (10) and a second external spur spline (11); the inner hole of the helical gear 1 (6) is provided with a first internal spur spline (12) matching the tooth shape of the first external spur spline (10); the inner hole of the helical gear 2 (7) is provided with a second internal spur spline (13) matching the tooth shape of the second external spur spline (11); Wherein, the helical gear 2 (7) is close to the shaft extension end of the input shaft (2), and the helical gear 3 (8) is close to the shaft extension end of the output shaft (4); the helical gear 1 (6) is meshed with the helical gear 3 (8), and the helical gear 2 (7) is meshed with the helical gear 4 (9).

3. The large width-to-diameter ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth widths of the bevel gear 1 (6), the bevel gear 2 (7), the bevel gear 3 (8) and the bevel gear 4 (9) are all equal, and the width-to-diameter ratios of the bevel gear 1 (6) and the bevel gear 2 (7) are greater than the width-to-diameter ratios of the bevel gear 3 (8) and the bevel gear 4 (9).

4. The large width-to-diameter ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that: After carburizing and quenching treatment, the width-to-diameter ratio of the helical gear 1 (6) and the helical gear 2 (7) is 3.

2.

5. The large width-to-diameter ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The helical gear 1 (6) is a right-handed gear, and the helical gear 2 (7) is a left-handed gear, which are arranged in a "V" shape on the input shaft (2); the helical gear 3 (8) is a left-handed gear, and the helical gear 4 (9) is a right-handed gear, which are arranged in an "inverted V" shape on the output shaft 4; The axial forces of the helical gear 1 (6) and the helical gear 2 (7) are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

6. The high aspect ratio single-stage double helical gearbox transmission device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The helical gear 1 (6) and the helical gear 2 (7) also respectively cooperate with the helical gear 3 (8) and the helical gear 4 (9) on the input shaft (2) to slide in the axial direction, so as to achieve automatic centering.

7. The large width-to-diameter ratio single-stage double-helical gearbox transmission device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The corresponding sliding range of the helical gear 1 (6) and the helical gear 2 (7) on the input shaft (2) is set to 0-0.02 mm.

8. The high aspect ratio single-stage double helical gearbox transmission device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: A lower groove (14) is provided in the middle of the outer circle of the input shaft (2), and the first external spur spline (10) and the second external spur spline (11) are respectively located on both sides of the lower groove (14); A protrusion (15) is also provided on one side of the helical gear 1 (6) and the helical gear 2 (7), respectively. The end faces of the two protrusions (15) are connected, and a plurality of oil ports (16) are also provided on the outer side of the connecting area of ​​the two protrusions (15), so as to allow lubricating oil to enter the lower groove (14) through the oil ports (16) to lubricate the corresponding inner and outer spur spline meshing areas; Wherein, a plurality of the oil ports (16) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

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