A fully automatic electric heating system and device based on integrated heat storage technology

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of crude oil heating and relates to a fully automatic electric heating system and device based on integrated heat storage technology. The system comprises a temperature scale module, a heating module and a heat storage module. The temperature scale module obtains fluid parameters at the inlet of an oil gathering pipeline and obtains an adaptive thermal operating temperature corresponding to stable pipeline fluid transportation through preset calibration rules. The heating module is arranged at each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline, and comprehensively calculates target temperature difference compensation, pipe section heat loss compensation and flow rate correction factor, and utilizes a reverse cascade feedback control algorithm to generate adaptive electric heating power for each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline. The heat storage module continuously collects temperature field characteristics, operating condition characteristics and medium thermal properties of the oil gathering pipeline, determines whether to trigger a heat storage operation through multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, allocates heat storage medium using a priority algorithm, and drives valve switching to execute adaptive heat storage operation, thereby achieving precise control of the temperature field of the oil gathering pipeline and energy efficiency optimization, thereby ensuring stable crude oil transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of crude oil heating, and in particular to a fully automatic electric heating system and device based on integrated heat storage technology. Background Art

[0002] The transportation of crude oil and its associated liquids is a critical step in oilfield production. Because these produced fluids typically contain highly viscous components, they tend to solidify or increase in viscosity at low temperatures, leading to pipeline blockages and increased flow resistance. Therefore, to ensure smooth transportation of produced fluids through long pipelines to processing facilities, effective heating technologies are required to maintain their temperature.

[0003] Prior art also involves solutions related to crude oil transportation heating. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN117848132A describes a centralized storage / heating and distributed crude oil heat exchange system and method. The system comprises: a distributed crude oil heat exchange module with multiple crude oil heat exchange units corresponding to crude oil well locations; a centralized storage / heating module with a solar thermal collection module, an electric heating module, and a heat storage device; a data acquisition module for collecting data, with electrical signals connected to the distributed crude oil heat exchange module, the centralized storage / heating module, and the external circulation pipeline; and a control module, which is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and electrically connected to the distributed crude oil heat exchange module and the centralized storage / heating module to control the operating status of the actuators on the internal and external circulation pipelines, as well as the operating status of the electric heating module. This system effectively resolves the mismatch between the solar energy resources at each well location and the heat demand for crude oil heating, providing heat according to the original needs of each well location. Sufficient heat is provided to the crude oil through the heat medium, thereby avoiding the risk of explosion.

[0004] In addition, Chinese patent publication number CN106642687B discloses a crude oil heating system and method with heat storage. The system includes a solar thermal collector, a heat medium storage tank, and a crude oil heat exchanger. The crude oil heat exchanger includes a heat exchange unit and a heat storage unit. The heat medium storage tank outlet is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the solar thermal collector inlet via a pipeline. The solar thermal collector outlet is connected to the heat medium inlet of the crude oil heat exchanger via a pipeline. The heat medium outlet of the crude oil heat exchanger is connected to the heat medium storage tank inlet. The other heat medium storage tank outlet is connected to the heat medium inlet of the heat storage unit via a pipeline. The heat medium outlet of the heat storage unit is connected to the heat medium inlet of the crude oil heat exchanger via a pipeline. This crude oil heating system can improve the utilization efficiency of solar heat and enhance the stability of solar heat output.

[0005] While the two aforementioned approaches offer some solutions to crude oil transportation heating, existing technologies still have certain limitations. Specifically, the following are the key aspects: 1. Existing oil gathering pipeline heating technology already employs distributed heating strategies to help achieve predetermined heating standards during crude oil transportation. However, these technologies typically employ a unified heating target temperature, applying identical heating settings to all distributed heating points. This ignores the potential differences in actual heating requirements at each heating point and fails to tailor heating strategies to specific environments and flow conditions. This results in low heating efficiency and an inability to ensure stable crude oil flow at different locations.

[0006] 2. Existing oil-gathering pipeline heat storage technology primarily relies on a single heat storage medium and has yet to be effectively applied to the design and use of multi-tiered heat storage media. The use of a single heat storage medium often limits the system's heat storage capacity and energy efficiency, failing to fully leverage the advantages of different media. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, a fully automatic electric heating system and device based on integrated heat storage technology is proposed.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: in the first aspect, the present invention provides a fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology, including: a temperature scale module, a heating module and a heat storage module.

[0009] The temperature scale module is connected to the heating module, and the heating module is connected to the heat storage module.

[0010] The temperature calibration module obtains the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline and obtains the thermal operating temperature corresponding to the stable transportation of the pipeline fluid through the preset calibration rules, which is recorded as the target temperature.

[0011] The heating module is arranged at each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline. The target temperature difference compensation, pipe section heat loss compensation and flow rate correction factor are integrated, and the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline is generated using the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm.

[0012] The heat storage module continuously collects the temperature field characteristics, operating condition characteristics and thermal properties of the oil collection pipeline, determines whether to trigger the heat storage operation through multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, and uses a priority algorithm to allocate the heat storage medium and drive the valve switching to perform the adapted heat storage operation.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fully automatic electric heating device based on integrated heat storage technology, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a communication bus. The memory stores a computer-readable program executable by the processor. The communication bus enables communication between the processor and the memory. When the processor executes the computer-readable program, it implements the fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: 1. Based on the technical features of dynamic calibration of multi-source parameters and intelligent collaborative control, the present invention adopts reverse cascade feedback, multi-dimensional coupling evaluation and priority scheduling of heat storage technology to achieve precise and uniform control of the temperature field of the oil gathering pipeline, dynamic matching of supply and demand of heat storage medium and coordinated optimization of system energy efficiency and safety, thereby ensuring the stability of thermal operation and reducing comprehensive energy consumption.

[0015] 2. Based on the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline, the present invention adopts the technical means of Reynolds number-pressure drop equation inversion, viscosity-temperature inversion analysis, and phase equilibrium model superposition safety margin to achieve accurate calibration of the thermal operating temperature range, and then determine the thermal operating temperature corresponding to the stable transportation of the pipeline fluid, effectively taking into account both pipeline flow stability and gasification risk prevention and control.

[0016] 3. The present invention adopts the comprehensive compensation of temperature difference-heat loss-flow rate correction factor and reverse cascade feedback control technology for each temperature control node arranged in the oil gathering pipeline to realize personalized analysis and regulation of the electric heating power of the temperature control node, avoid the defects of the unified regulation of the existing technology, and improve the temperature control accuracy and energy utilization efficiency of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0017] 4. Based on the temperature field characteristics, operating conditions and thermal properties of the oil gathering pipeline, the present invention adopts a coupled evaluation model and priority algorithm technology to achieve precise on-demand distribution of heat storage medium and adaptive switching of valves, ensuring efficient and accurate heat storage operation, thereby improving the operational stability and economy of the oil gathering pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the specific steps of using the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm to generate the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node in the oil gathering pipeline mentioned in the heating module of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a fully automatic electric heating device based on integrated heat storage technology provided in the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] See also Figure 1 As shown, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology is provided. According to the technical features of multi-source parameter dynamic calibration and intelligent collaborative control, it adopts reverse cascade feedback, multi-dimensional coupling evaluation and priority scheduling heat storage technical means to achieve precise and uniform control of the oil gathering pipeline temperature field, dynamic matching of heat storage medium supply and demand, and coordinated optimization of system energy efficiency and safety, thereby ensuring thermal operation stability and reducing comprehensive energy consumption. The system includes: a temperature scale module, a heating module and a heat storage module.

[0025] The temperature scale module is connected to the heating module, and the heating module is connected to the heat storage module.

[0026] The temperature calibration module obtains the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline and obtains the thermal operating temperature corresponding to the stable delivery of the pipeline fluid through a preset calibration rule, which is recorded as the target temperature.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluid parameters at the oil gathering pipeline inlet include flow rate, temperature, pressure, viscosity and component vector data of the liquid.

[0028] It should be noted that the above-mentioned liquid flow, temperature, pressure, and viscosity can be monitored and obtained through electromagnetic flowmeters, thermistor sensors, piezoresistive pressure sensors, and online vibration viscometers, respectively. The component vector data is specifically obtained through online gas chromatographs or near-infrared spectrometers, which refers to the components contained in the liquid and their proportions.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preset calibration rules include the following: calculating the Reynolds number based on the inlet fluid parameters, judging the liquid flow state at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline, selecting the pressure drop equation corresponding to the flow state, and further solving the permissible upper limit viscosity of the liquid that meets the pipeline pressure drop constraint by inverting the pressure drop equation.

[0030] What needs to be supplemented is: Reynolds number refers to its general calculation formula ,in are the density, flow rate and viscosity of the liquid respectively, The preset length and cross-sectional area of the oil gathering pipeline are respectively, This can be obtained by referring to the professional chemical manual of the oil field production fluid type when the type of liquid in the oil gathering pipeline is subsequently clarified.

[0031] A critical Reynolds number threshold is set. If the calculated Reynolds number is less than or equal to the critical Reynolds number threshold, the liquid flow state at the oil gathering pipeline inlet is judged to be laminar, and the laminar flow state pressure drop equation (such as the Hagen-Poiseuille equation) is called. If the calculated Reynolds number is greater than the critical Reynolds number threshold, the liquid flow state at the oil gathering pipeline inlet is judged to be turbulent, and the turbulent state pressure drop equation (such as the Colebrook-White equation or the Darcy-Weisbach equation) is called.

[0032] The pipeline pressure drop constraint refers to the maximum pressure loss limit allowed by the project. Its data comes from the pumping capacity limit of the oil gathering pipeline, the pressure strength limit of the pipe material, and the inlet pressure requirement of the downstream equipment. It is usually set to interval.

[0033] The above solves the upper limit viscosity of the liquid that satisfies the pipeline pressure drop constraint by inverting the pressure drop equation. The following is an example: Set the length of the oil gathering pipeline , inner diameter ,flow , pipeline pressure drop constraint , the upper limit viscosity of the liquid allowed is calculated by inversion of the laminar pressure drop equation: .

[0034] The liquid component vector data in the inlet fluid parameters is extracted and matched with the preset component characteristic database covering multiple oilfield production fluid types, the oil gathering pipeline liquid type is determined, and the preset physical property parameter set and viscosity-temperature curve model of the oilfield production fluid type are called.

[0035] Substitute the upper limit viscosity of the liquid into the inverse function analytical formula of the viscosity-temperature curve model ( ), obtain the lower limit temperature of thermal operation for stable transportation of pipeline fluid.

[0036] Based on the preset phase equilibrium thermodynamic model and the preset physical property parameter set of the oil gathering pipeline liquid, the vaporization temperature of the oil gathering pipeline liquid at the current pressure is calculated, and a safety margin is set in addition to define the upper limit temperature of thermal operation for stable transportation of pipeline fluid.

[0037] It should be supplemented with the above that the preset physical property parameter set of the oil gathering pipeline liquid includes the critical temperature (the upper limit temperature at which the fluid coexists as gas-liquid two phases), the critical pressure (the saturated vapor pressure corresponding to the critical temperature), the eccentricity factor (a correction parameter reflecting the non-ideality of the molecular structure), the molar mass, the mole fraction of the mixture component (based on the case that the oil gathering pipeline liquid is a multi-component fluid), and the binary interaction parameter (based on the case that the oil gathering pipeline liquid is a mixture).

[0038] The preset phase equilibrium thermodynamic model specifically refers to the PR state equation. The specific steps for calculating the vaporization temperature of the oil gathering pipeline liquid at the current pressure are as follows: the preset percentage of the critical temperature of the preset physical parameter set of the oil gathering pipeline liquid is used as the initial temperature. For pure component fluids, the vaporization temperature satisfies the solution of the PR state equation at the corresponding vaporization pressure of the oil gathering pipeline liquid. For multi-component mixtures, the gas-liquid equilibrium equations must be simultaneously established, that is, the liquid phase fugacity coefficient of each component is equal to its gas phase fugacity coefficient to verify whether the phase equilibrium conditions are met. If not, the temperature is updated using the Newton method. When the equation residual is less than the preset allowable threshold, the currently updated temperature is used as the vaporization temperature.

[0039] Based on the temperature range defined by the upper and lower limit temperatures of thermal operation, the thermal operation temperature range for stable transportation of pipeline fluid is calibrated, and the median of the temperature range is selected as the corresponding adaptive thermal operation temperature for stable transportation of pipeline fluid.

[0040] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the technical means of Reynolds number-pressure drop equation inversion, viscosity-temperature inversion analysis and phase equilibrium model superposition safety margin based on the fluid parameters of the oil gathering pipeline inlet, so as to achieve accurate calibration of the thermal operating temperature range, and then determine the thermal operating temperature corresponding to the stable transportation of pipeline fluid, effectively taking into account the pipeline flow stability and gasification risk prevention and control.

[0041] The heating module is arranged at each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline, and comprehensively considers target temperature difference compensation, pipe section heat loss compensation and flow rate correction factor, and uses a reverse cascade feedback control algorithm to generate the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0042] It should be noted that the layout of the temperature control nodes of the above-mentioned oil gathering pipeline is as follows: the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline is used as the first temperature control node, and the remaining temperature control nodes are then set in sequence according to the preset distance. This preset distance is not determined arbitrarily, but is a comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as the material properties of the oil gathering pipeline, environmental conditions, operating requirements, and economic efficiency. Engineers mainly use two methods to determine this critical distance: one is to use simulation software to conduct a detailed analysis, simulate the operation of the pipeline at different preset distances, and evaluate various indicators to obtain the optimal spacing; the other is to refer to the successful cases of similar projects in the past, learn from the appropriate spacing distances that have been tested in practice, and adjust them in combination with the unique features of the current project to determine the temperature control node spacing distance that best suits the oil gathering pipeline project of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figure 2 As shown, regarding a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the use of the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm to generate the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node in the oil gathering pipeline includes the following steps: A1. Execute the target temperature difference compensation analysis and the pipe section heat loss compensation analysis for each temperature control node in the oil gathering pipeline, calculate the initial electric heating power node by node through weighted superposition along the direction of fluid movement, and construct a forward cascade power distribution matrix.

[0044] It should be noted that the above forward cascade power distribution matrix is specifically a 1-row n-column structure, which corresponds to n temperature control nodes arranged in sequence along the direction of fluid movement, and the matrix elements are Indicates the The initial electric heating power of each temperature control node, is the number of each temperature control node, .

[0045] A2. Obtain the measured liquid flow rate in the pipe section where the downstream temperature control node is located. Set a reasonable flow rate range based on the target temperature. When the measured liquid flow rate deviates from this reasonable flow rate range, generate a flow rate correction factor. This flow rate correction factor is propagated step by step to the upstream temperature control node through the reverse propagation channel. This factor is used to correct the initial electric heating power of the upstream temperature control node to generate the power distribution matrix for the current iteration.

[0046] It should be added that the above logic for step A2 is explained as follows: The temperature control node and the The pipes between the temperature control nodes serve as the The pipe section where the temperature control node is located will be The measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the temperature control node is located is compared with the reasonable flow rate range corresponding to the target temperature setting to obtain the The deviation of the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the temperature control node is located from the reasonable flow rate range is used to construct the proportional term and the integral term, and the first The flow rate correction factor corresponding to each temperature control node , according to The layout of each temperature control node follows the principle that the larger the distance, the smaller the weight distribution and the sum of the weights is 1, and determines its front The allocation weight of each temperature control node , using the formula Before correction The initial electric heating power of each temperature control node.

[0047] It should also be noted that the above The specific method for obtaining the deviation of the measured liquid flow rate relative to the reasonable flow rate range of the pipe section where the temperature control node is located is as follows: If the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the temperature control node is located is within the reasonable flow rate range corresponding to the target temperature setting, the deviation is set to 0. If it is greater than the upper limit of the interval, the deviation is defined as the difference between the upper limit of the interval and the measured liquid flow rate (corresponding to a decrease in the electric heating power). If it is less than the lower limit of the interval, the deviation is defined as the absolute difference between the measured liquid flow rate and the lower limit of the interval (corresponding to an increase in the electric heating power).

[0048] It should be further explained that the above The logical explanation of the proportional term and integral term corresponding to the velocity correction factor of each temperature control node is: the proportional term is the sum of the preset proportional coefficient and the integral term. The deviation between the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the temperature control node is located and the reasonable flow rate range corresponding to the target temperature setting ( ), when the actual flow rate deviates from the target value, the proportional term immediately generates a correction amount that is linearly related to the deviation, leading to a rapid response. The integral term is the time integral of the preset integral coefficient and the historical flow rate deviation (here mainly the section from the first temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline to the The cumulative deviation of the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the temperature control node is located is expressed as ), which reflects the influence of long-term continuous deviation and leads to accuracy improvement. The preset proportional coefficient and preset integral coefficient are obtained by experimental calibration.

[0049] As an example, suppose an oil gathering pipeline is equipped with 4 temperature control nodes. , the target flow rate range is ,The relevant parameters of each temperature control node are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1: Examples of relevant parameters for each temperature control node

[0051]

[0052] Based on the preset proportional coefficient of 0.5, the preset integral coefficient of 0.2, and the node flow rate measurement time interval of 1s, the proportional term value is 0.1, and the integral term value is 0.2. The flow rate correction factor corresponding to the fourth temperature control node is calculated to be 0.3.

[0053] According to the position distance between the first three temperature control nodes and the fourth temperature control node, the allocation weights of the first three temperature control nodes are determined to be 0.1818, 0.2727, and 0.5455, respectively. The correction results of the electric heating power of the first three temperature control nodes are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2: Electric heating power correction results of the first three temperature control nodes

[0055]

[0056] By adjusting node positions to 0, 10, 20, and 30 meters, weight distribution more closely reflects the influence of the proximity of adjacent nodes. A velocity deviation at the fourth node triggers a reverse feedback correction. Closer nodes (such as node 3) receive a larger power adjustment (+16.3%), while further nodes (such as node 1) receive a smaller adjustment (+5.5%). This logic ensures that the correction strategy is consistent with the physical laws of heat conduction and flow continuity in the pipeline, while optimizing energy consumption distribution.

[0057] A3. Construct a dual-index criterion, including temperature field balance and energy consumption fluctuation rate, to determine whether the convergence conditions are met. If so, output each element of the iterative power distribution matrix as the adaptive electric heating power of the corresponding oil gathering pipeline temperature control node. Otherwise, use the iterative power distribution matrix as the forward cascade power distribution matrix, re-triggering the reverse correction process until the convergence conditions are met.

[0058] It should be noted that the above-mentioned temperature field balance specifically refers to the inverse of the calculated temperature standard deviation corresponding to each temperature control node in the oil gathering pipeline, and the energy consumption fluctuation rate specifically refers to the power change rate corresponding to adjacent iteration cycles of the oil gathering pipeline. The convergence condition is specifically expressed as the temperature field balance degree is greater than its set threshold and the energy consumption fluctuation rate is less than its set threshold. The setting thresholds of both are set by engineering requirements. A typical example is: the setting threshold of the temperature field balance degree is 20, and the setting threshold of the energy consumption fluctuation rate is 1%.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the target temperature difference compensation analysis includes the following contents: collecting the liquid temperature at each temperature control node position of the oil gathering pipeline, and calculating the electric heating power under the temperature difference compensation through a preset thermal power mapping relationship based on the temperature difference between the target temperature and the liquid temperature at each temperature control node position of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0060] It should be noted that the above-mentioned preset thermal power mapping relationship specifically refers to the electric heating power calculation formula based on thermal balance, and the specific formula is expressed in the form of the cumulative multiplication of temperature difference, liquid specific heat capacity, liquid density, liquid flow rate, and preset electric heat conversion efficiency coefficient.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of the heat loss compensation amount of the pipe section includes the following contents: according to the material of the oil collection pipeline, the insulation layer parameters and the ambient temperature parameters, the steady-state heat loss amount between adjacent temperature control nodes is obtained by using the thermal attenuation prediction formula, the steady-state heat loss amount is converted into the compensation heat required to maintain the target temperature, and is mapped to the electric heating power increment based on the preset electric heat conversion efficiency coefficient.

[0062] It should be noted that the above thermal attenuation prediction formula is based on the steady-state heat conduction model, and its specific formula is: ,in Respectively represent the length and average temperature of the pipe section between adjacent temperature control nodes, is the ambient temperature, is a natural constant, Specifically refers to the pipe or insulation layer, Indicates the preset thermal conductivity of the pipe material or insulation material. When referring to a pipe, Respectively represent the outer diameter and inner diameter of the pipe. When referring to the insulation layer, They represent the outer diameter of the insulation layer and the outer diameter of the pipe, respectively. The physical meaning of this formula is: the numerator represents the combined effect of the temperature difference (the potential energy driving heat conduction) and the geometric dimensions of the pipe, and the denominator represents the thermal resistance composed of the pipe and the insulation layer, reflecting the obstacles to heat conduction caused by different materials. It is suitable for piping systems that operate stably for a long time, ignores transient temperature fluctuations, and quantifies the impact of each layer of material on heat loss, so as to help accurately analyze the steady-state heat loss between adjacent temperature control nodes.

[0063] For example, if the length of the pipe section between adjacent temperature control nodes is 10m, the inner diameter, outer diameter of the pipe and the outer diameter of the insulation layer are 0.1m, 0.12m and 0.15m respectively, and the pipe material is steel, the corresponding thermal conductivity is 45 The insulation layer is made of polyurethane foam, and its corresponding thermal conductivity is The average temperature of the pipe section between adjacent temperature control nodes is 80 , the ambient temperature is 20 , then the calculated thermal resistance values of the pipeline and the insulation layer are 0.00405 and 4.462 respectively, the denominator value is 4.46605, and the steady-state heat loss between adjacent temperature control nodes is .

[0064] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the temperature difference-heat loss-flow rate correction factor comprehensive compensation and reverse cascade feedback control technology for each temperature control node arranged in the oil gathering pipeline, so as to realize the personalized analysis and regulation of the electric heating power of the temperature control node, avoid the unified regulation defects of the existing technology, and improve the temperature control accuracy and energy utilization efficiency of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0065] The heat storage module continuously collects the temperature field characteristics, operating condition characteristics and thermal properties of the oil collection pipeline, determines whether to trigger the heat storage operation through multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, and uses a priority algorithm to allocate the heat storage medium and drive the valve switching to perform the adaptive heat storage operation.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-dimensional coupling evaluation is used to determine whether to trigger the heat storage operation, including: calculating the comprehensive index of the heat storage level and the temperature field dispersion index of the oil gathering pipeline based on the real-time liquid temperature monitoring data at each temperature control node position of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0067] It should be noted that the specific calculation process of the above-mentioned comprehensive heat storage level index is as follows: based on the real-time liquid temperature monitoring data at each temperature control node location, the heat storage capacity of the pipe section where each temperature control node is located is calculated (the product of the preset heat capacity coefficient of the pipe section and the difference between the actual measured liquid temperature of the pipe section and the target temperature), that is, the heat storage margin of the pipe section at the current temperature relative to the target temperature. The total heat storage capacity of the pipe sections where all temperature control nodes are located is counted and ratioed with the preset reasonable heat storage capacity to obtain the comprehensive heat storage level index of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0068] The specific calculation process of the temperature field dispersion index is as follows: the temperature standard deviation of the real-time liquid temperature monitoring data at each temperature control node position of the oil gathering pipeline is calculated, and the calculated temperature standard deviation is further normalized to obtain the temperature field dispersion index.

[0069] Extract the planned downtime of the oil gathering pipeline based on the equipment operation log, and obtain the interval duration relative to the planned downtime in real time.

[0070] The heat storage trigger specification preset heat storage level comprehensive index threshold, temperature field dispersion index threshold, and interval shutdown duration threshold are extracted. If at a certain moment the oil gathering pipeline meets any of the following conditions: its heat storage level comprehensive index is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the temperature field dispersion index is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, and the interval shutdown duration is less than the preset threshold, then the heat storage operation is triggered.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the allocation of heat storage media using a priority algorithm includes the following steps: obtaining the current average value of the oil collection pipeline temperature field, screening each heat storage medium whose heat storage operating temperature range includes the current average value of the oil collection pipeline temperature field, and forming a candidate medium set.

[0072] The thermal matching factor, economic factor and safety factor are calculated for each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set, and the products of various factors and their corresponding preset weights are further accumulated. The candidate medium set is arranged in descending order according to the accumulated values from large to small, thereby generating a medium priority queue.

[0073] It should be noted that the specific method for calculating the thermal matching factor, economic factor, and safety factor for each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set is as follows: the temperature fluctuation range of the oil gathering pipeline temperature field within a preset time period is collected and compared with the heat storage operating temperature range of each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set. The temperature range coverage length of the oil gathering pipeline temperature field by each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set is determined, and the ratio of this range to the length of the temperature range defined by the upper and lower thermal operating temperature limits is used as the temperature matching term. The specific heat capacity of each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set is obtained, and the ratio of this range to the preset reference specific heat capacity (the specific heat capacity of water) is used as the heat capacity contribution term. The sum of the temperature matching term and the heat capacity contribution term is used as the thermal matching factor.

[0074] The preset unit heat cost and remaining cycle life of each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set are obtained. The inverse of the preset unit heat cost is used as the cost efficiency item, and the ratio of the remaining cycle life to the maximum remaining cycle life is used as the life contribution item. The economic factor is then obtained from the sum of the cost efficiency item and the life contribution item.

[0075] The chemical stability score, corrosiveness score, and environmental toxicity score of each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set, which are pre-assessed and set by professionals, are obtained, and the reciprocal of the accumulated value of the chemical stability score, corrosiveness score, and environmental toxicity score is used as the safety factor.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving valve switching to perform the adaptive heat storage operation includes: selecting the first medium in the medium priority queue, and if its remaining capacity is greater than or equal to the current heat storage demand of the oil gathering pipeline, opening the first medium heat storage valve, and adjusting the valve opening based on a preset opening control rule.

[0077] It should be noted that the above-mentioned preset opening control rule is a PID algorithm.

[0078] If the remaining capacity of the first medium is less than the current heat storage capacity of the oil collection pipeline, the subsequent heat storage media will be activated in order of priority until the cumulative remaining capacity is greater than or equal to the current heat storage demand of the oil collection pipeline, and the opening ratio of each medium valve will be allocated based on the proportion of the remaining capacity of each medium.

[0079] The embodiment of the present invention adopts a coupled evaluation model and a priority algorithm based on the temperature field characteristics, operating condition characteristics, and thermal properties of the medium in the oil gathering pipeline to achieve precise on-demand distribution of heat storage medium and adaptive valve switching, ensuring efficient and accurate heat storage operation, thereby improving the operational stability and economy of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] like Figure 3 As shown, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a fully automatic electric heating device based on integrated heat storage technology, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a communication bus. The memory stores a computer-readable program executable by the processor. The communication bus enables communication between the processor and the memory. When the processor executes the computer-readable program, it implements the fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology.

[0082] Specifically, the above-mentioned memory and processor can be general-purpose memory and processor, which are not specifically limited here. When the processor runs the computer-readable program stored in the memory, it can execute the above-mentioned system-related steps.

[0083] The processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above system can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or by software instructions. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU) or a network processor (NP). It may also be a digital signal processing (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be implemented or executed. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The system-related method steps disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can be located in storage media such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other well-known storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and combines its hardware to complete the steps of the above system.

[0084] The above content is merely an example and explanation of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology, characterized in that: The system includes: The temperature calibration module obtains the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline, including the liquid flow rate, temperature, pressure, viscosity, and component vector data. It uses preset calibration rules to obtain the thermal operating temperature corresponding to the stable transportation of the pipeline fluid, which is recorded as the target temperature. The preset calibration rules include the following: calculating the Reynolds number based on the inlet fluid parameters, determining the flow state of the liquid at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline, selecting the pressure drop equation corresponding to the flow state, and further solving the upper limit viscosity of the liquid that meets the pipeline pressure drop constraint by inverting the pressure drop equation; Extract liquid component vector data from the inlet fluid parameters, match it with a preset component feature database covering multiple oilfield production fluid types, determine the type of liquid in the oil gathering pipeline, and call the preset physical property parameter set and viscosity-temperature curve model for the oilfield production fluid type; Substitute the upper limit viscosity of the liquid into the inverse function analytical formula of the viscosity-temperature curve model to obtain the lower limit temperature of the thermal operation for stable transportation of the pipeline fluid; Based on the preset phase equilibrium thermodynamic model and the preset physical property parameter set of the oil gathering pipeline liquid, the vaporization temperature of the oil gathering pipeline liquid at the current pressure is calculated, and a safety margin is set to define the upper limit temperature of thermal operation for stable transportation of pipeline fluid; Based on the temperature range defined by the upper and lower limit temperatures of thermal operation, the thermal operation temperature range of stable pipeline fluid transportation is calibrated, and the median of the temperature range is selected as the corresponding adaptive thermal operation temperature for stable pipeline fluid transportation. The heating module is arranged at each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline. It integrates the target temperature difference compensation, pipe section heat loss compensation and flow rate correction factor, and uses the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm to generate the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline; Generating the adapted electric heating power for each temperature-controlled node in the oil gathering pipeline includes the following steps: A1. Target temperature difference compensation analysis and pipe segment heat loss compensation analysis are performed for each temperature-controlled node in the oil gathering pipeline. Initial electric heating power is calculated node by node along the fluid flow direction through weighted superposition to construct a forward cascade power distribution matrix. A2. Obtain the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the downstream temperature control node is located. Set a reasonable flow rate range corresponding to the target temperature. If the measured liquid flow rate deviates from the reasonable flow rate range, generate a flow rate correction factor. This flow rate correction factor is propagated step by step to the upstream temperature control node through the reverse propagation channel. The initial electric heating power of the upstream temperature control node is corrected to generate the power distribution matrix for the current iteration. A3. A dual-metric criterion, encompassing both temperature field balance and energy consumption fluctuation, is constructed to determine whether convergence conditions are met. If so, each element of the power distribution matrix for that iteration is output as the adaptive electric heating power for the corresponding temperature-controlled node on the oil gathering pipeline. Otherwise, the power distribution matrix for that iteration is used as the forward cascade power distribution matrix, re-triggering the reverse correction process until convergence conditions are met. The target temperature difference compensation amount analysis includes the following steps: collecting the liquid temperature at each temperature control node position of the oil gathering pipeline, and calculating the electric heating power under the temperature difference compensation according to the temperature difference between the target temperature and the liquid temperature at each temperature control node position of the oil gathering pipeline through a preset heat power mapping relationship; The heat loss compensation analysis for the pipe section includes the following: based on the oil gathering pipeline material, insulation layer parameters, and ambient temperature parameters, the steady-state heat loss between adjacent temperature control nodes is obtained using a thermal attenuation prediction formula; the steady-state heat loss is converted into the compensation heat required to maintain the target temperature; and the heat loss is mapped to an electric heating power increment based on a preset electric-to-heat conversion efficiency coefficient; The heat storage module continuously collects the temperature field characteristics, operating condition characteristics and thermal properties of the oil collection pipeline, determines whether to trigger the heat storage operation through multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, and uses a priority algorithm to allocate the heat storage medium and drive the valve switching to perform the adapted heat storage operation.

2. The fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional coupling evaluation is used to determine whether to trigger the heat storage operation, including: calculating the comprehensive index of the heat storage level and the temperature field dispersion index of the oil gathering pipeline based on the real-time liquid temperature monitoring data at each temperature control node position of the oil gathering pipeline; Extract the planned downtime of the oil gathering pipeline based on the equipment operation log and obtain the interval duration relative to the planned downtime in real time; The heat storage trigger specification preset heat storage level comprehensive index threshold, temperature field dispersion index threshold, and interval shutdown duration threshold are extracted. If at a certain moment the oil gathering pipeline meets any of the following conditions: its heat storage level comprehensive index is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the temperature field dispersion index is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, and the interval shutdown duration is less than the preset threshold, then the heat storage operation is triggered.

3. The fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of allocating heat storage media using a priority algorithm comprises the following steps: obtaining a current average value of the oil collecting pipeline temperature field, screening heat storage media whose heat storage operating temperature intervals include the current average value of the oil collecting pipeline temperature field, and forming a candidate medium set; The thermal matching factor, economic factor and safety factor are calculated for each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set, and the products of various factors and their corresponding preset weights are further accumulated. The candidate medium set is arranged in descending order according to the accumulated values from large to small, thereby generating a medium priority queue.

4. The fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving valve switching to perform the adaptive heat storage operation includes: selecting the first medium in the medium priority queue, and if the remaining capacity of the first medium is greater than or equal to the current heat storage demand of the oil gathering pipeline, opening the first medium heat storage valve, and adjusting the valve opening based on a preset opening control rule; If the remaining capacity of the first medium is less than the current heat storage capacity of the oil collection pipeline, the subsequent heat storage media will be activated in order of priority until the cumulative remaining capacity is greater than or equal to the current heat storage demand of the oil collection pipeline, and the opening ratio of each medium valve will be allocated based on the proportion of the remaining capacity of each medium.

5. A fully automatic electric heating device based on integrated heat storage technology, characterized in that: include: Processor, memory and communication bus: the memory stores a computer-readable program that can be executed by the processor; the communication bus realizes the connection and communication between the processor and the memory; when the processor executes the computer-readable program, it realizes a fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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