Biological particle parameter in-situ acquisition device and in-situ acquisition method

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological particle parameter in-situ acquisition device and an in-situ acquisition method, and belongs to the technical field of water body biological monitoring, the device comprises an acquisition cabin, the acquisition cabin is provided with a floating light source with buoyancy, a camera group and a sensor group, the light source is suspended in front of the camera group to form an illumination area after entering water, the camera group is used for real-time shooting, and the sensor group is connected with the sensor group. The sensor group collects a temperature value, a salinity value and a pressure value. The method comprises the steps that the collecting cabin is suspended in a water body, the suspended light source forms an illumination area, the camera set shoots the illumination area in real time to obtain image information, and the sensor set monitors the temperature value, the salinity value and the pressure value of a water layer where the illumination area is located. The suspended light source, the camera group and the sensor group are matched with one another to monitor information of biological particles with different particle sizes in a water body in real time, the characteristic information of the biological particles can be continuously collected in situ in a lossless manner, the biological particles can be conveniently distributed in a polar region through ice holes, and the defect of in-situ collection of the water body in the ocean and polar region fields can be overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water body biological monitoring, and particularly to an in-situ acquisition device and an in-situ acquisition method for biological particle parameters. Background Art

[0002] In polar oceans, biological particles (such as algae, zooplankton fecal pellets, fish eggs, and marine snow, etc.) with particle sizes between 20 μm and 50 mm have the characteristics of low turnover rate and high total biomass, and are key components for forming the ocean material flux. The volume, abundance, and density of these biological particles are of great significance for evaluating the ocean carbon cycle. Among the known methods for collecting water samples by the inventor, mainly biological particles with particle sizes between 5 μm and 50 mm in the water column (unit volume of water area) are captured and transported to the experimental site for measurement to obtain the volume, abundance, and density of the biological particles in the water column. However, since these biological particles mostly exist in the form of colloidal aggregates (such as "marine snow"), it is easy to cause disturbance and damage to the colloids during the processes of capture, transportation, and measurement, and it is impossible to determine the position and time of generation and settlement of biological particles with different particle sizes in the water body, which requires long-term in-situ observation to obtain. However, there is currently no device that can effectively perform in-situ observation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems, and provide an in-situ acquisition device and an in-situ acquisition method for biological particle parameters. By suspending the acquisition cabin in the water body and using the mutual cooperation of a suspended light source, a camera group, and a sensor group, it can monitor and collect information of organisms with different particle sizes in the water body in real time, and can continuously perform in-situ observation and collection of the aggregates formed by biological particles in a non-destructive manner, which helps to improve the monitoring ability of the polar ocean environment and make up for the deficiency in in-situ observation of the water body.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses an in-situ acquisition device for biological particle parameters, including an acquisition cabin for suspension in the water body. A suspended light source, a camera group, and a sensor group are provided on the acquisition cabin. The suspended light source is used to form an illumination area, the camera group is used to perform real-time shooting on the illumination area, and the sensor group is used to collect the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value of the water layer where the illumination area is located.

[0005] Preferably, the camera group includes a macro camera group and a wide-angle camera group. The macro camera group and the wide-angle camera group are located inside the acquisition cabin. A first waterproof lens and a second waterproof lens are provided on the side wall of the acquisition cabin. The first waterproof lens corresponds to the wide-angle camera group, and the second waterproof lens corresponds to the macro camera group.

[0006] Preferably, the collection chamber is in the shape of a trapezoidal frustum, and the upper bottom wall surface of the trapezoidal frustum structure is the side wall provided with the first waterproof lens and the second waterproof lens.

[0007] Preferably, the sensor group includes a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, and a pressure sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the suspended light source includes a rotating frame and a lighting lamp. The rotating frame includes a first rotating rod group and a second rotating rod group. The first rotating rod group includes two first rotating rods respectively arranged on both sides of the first waterproof lens, and the second rotating rod group includes two second rotating rods respectively arranged on both sides of the second waterproof lens. The first ends of the first rotating rods and the first ends of the second rotating rods are both rotatably connected to the outer wall of the collection chamber through a transverse rotating shaft. Buoyancy bodies and the lighting lamp are provided at the second ends of the first rotating rods and the second ends of the second rotating rods.

[0009] Preferably, each of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod includes a connecting rod and a threaded sleeve. The first end of the connecting rod is provided with the transverse rotating shaft, the second end of the connecting rod is provided with a threaded section, the first end of the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the threaded section, and a buoyancy body and the lighting lamp are provided at the second end of the threaded sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a controller and a storage battery are further provided in the collection chamber. A data analysis program is provided in the controller. The camera group, the suspended light source, and the camera group are all electrically connected to the controller. The storage battery supplies power to the controller, the suspended light source, the camera group, and the sensor group.

[0011] A method for in-situ collection of biological particle parameters is also disclosed. The in-situ collection device for biological particle parameters as described above is adopted, and it includes the following steps:

[0012] Suspend the collection chamber in the water body, form an illumination area through the suspended light source, the camera group takes real-time pictures of the illumination area to obtain image information, and the sensor group monitors the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value of the water layer where the illumination area is located.

[0013] Preferably, the following steps are further included: analyzing the volume, abundance, and sinking speed of the biological particles in the illumination area according to the image information, analyzing the water body density and water layer depth according to the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value, and analyzing the density of the target particle body according to the sinking speed, volume, and water body density of the target particle body.

[0014] Preferably, the water body density is calculated according to the ocean state equation, the volume and abundance of the biological particles are obtained by analyzing through the neural network analysis method, the density of the biological particles is calculated and analyzed according to the Stokes equation, and the abundance is obtained by calculating the number of particulate matters in the illumination area and the range of the illumination area.

[0015] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] In the present invention, the collection chamber floats in the water body, and the camera group and the sensor group are used to collect the information of the illumination area formed by the floating light source, so as to be able to collect the water body information and the information of biological particles with different particle sizes in the water body in real time, realize in-situ observation and collection, and there is no need to collect the target biological particles, thus avoiding disturbing the aggregates formed by the biological particles. Subsequently, under long-term in-situ observation, it is also possible to know the position and time of the generation and settlement of biological particles in the water body, which helps to improve the monitoring ability of the polar marine environment and make up for the deficiency in in-situ collection of water bodies in the marine and polar fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Stereoscopic perspective structural schematic diagram of the in-situ collection device for biological particle parameters in the embodiment (the buoyancy body is not floating);

[0019] Figure 2 Front view perspective structural schematic diagram of the in-situ collection device for biological particle parameters in the embodiment (the buoyancy body is not floating);

[0020] Figure 3 Side view perspective structural schematic diagram of the in-situ collection device for biological particle parameters in the embodiment (the buoyancy body is not floating);

[0021] Figure 4 Top view perspective structural schematic diagram of the in-situ collection device for biological particle parameters in the embodiment (the buoyancy body is not floating);

[0022] Figure 5 Stereoscopic perspective structural schematic diagram of the in-situ collection device for biological particle parameters in the embodiment (after the buoyancy body floats);

[0023] Figure 6 Top view perspective structural schematic diagram of the in-situ collection device for biological particle parameters in the embodiment (after the buoyancy body floats).

[0024] Description of reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Collection cabin; 2. Wide-angle camera group; 3. Macro camera group; 4. Data and charging interface; 5. Threaded sleeve; 6. Connecting rod; 7. Lighting lamp; 8. Buoyancy body; 9. Storage battery; 10. Controller; 11. First waterproof lens; 12. Second waterproof lens; 13. Sensor group; 14. Fixed bolt; 15. Cable. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] This embodiment provides an in-situ acquisition device for biological particle parameters. As Figures 1 to 6 shown, it includes a collection cabin 1, and the collection cabin 1 is used to be suspended in water. For example, under the pulling of a cable 15 or a connecting frame, the collection cabin 1 is put into water to achieve suspension. The collection cabin 1 is provided with a suspension light source, a camera group, a controller 10, and a sensor group 13. The suspension light source is used to form a lighting area in the water body. The camera group is used to take real-time pictures of the lighting area. The sensor group 13 is used to collect the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value of the water layer where the lighting area is located.

[0028] Working principle:

[0029] Put the collection cabin 1 into the water body, turn on the suspension light source, the camera group, and the sensor group 13. The suspension light source forms a lighting area. The sensor group 13 can monitor the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value of the water layer where the lighting area is located. The water layer depth can be judged through the pressure value. Subsequently, according to the monitored water layer depth, the position of the collection cabin 1 can be adjusted to suspend it at a specific water layer depth. The camera group takes real-time pictures of the lighting area, and thus the in-situ information acquisition and observation in the water body can be realized. Subsequently, the captured image information is processed, and the volume, abundance, and falling speed of the biological particles in the lighting area can be analyzed. Combining the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value, the density of the biological particles can be obtained, and the position and time of the generation and settlement of the biological particles in the water body can be determined. The specific calculation methods of the volume, abundance, and density of the biological particles refer to the in-situ acquisition method of biological particle parameters disclosed in Embodiment 2.

[0030] In an implementation manner, as Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, the camera group includes a wide-angle camera group 2 and a macro camera group 3. The camera fields of view and lens magnification factors of the wide-angle camera group 2 and the macro camera group 3 are matched with the sizes of the biological particles to be observed. The wide-angle camera group 2 is mainly used to capture images of biological particles with particle sizes ranging from 5 mm to 50 mm, and the macro camera group 3 is mainly used to capture images of biological particles with particle sizes ranging from 0.2 mm to 5 mm. The macro camera group 3 and the wide-angle camera group 2 are located inside the collection chamber 1. A first waterproof lens 11 and a second waterproof lens 12 are provided on the side wall of the collection chamber 1 (this side wall is defined as the front wall surface). The first waterproof lens 11 corresponds to the wide-angle camera group 2, and the second waterproof lens 12 corresponds to the macro camera group 3. The macro camera group 3 and the wide-angle camera group 2 are located inside the collection chamber 1, which can prevent water pressure and underwater organisms from damaging the macro camera group 3 and the wide-angle camera group 2. Through the first waterproof lens 11 and the second waterproof lens 12, the wide-angle camera group 2 and the macro camera group 3 can capture images of the external light area. The first waterproof lens 11 and the second waterproof lens 12 can be made of glass with high pressure resistance, impact resistance, and high light transmittance. The wide-angle camera group 2 is preferably a combination of a 35 mm fixed-focus lens with an aperture of F8 and a digital camera with a resolution of ≥10 million pixels. The macro camera group 3 is preferably a combination of a 16 mm fixed-focus lens with an aperture of F5.6 and a digital camera with a resolution of ≥5 million pixels. The brightness of the supporting light sources for the wide-angle camera group 2 and the macro camera group 3 should be ≥20000 Lux.

[0031] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, the digital cameras mentioned above can be CCD or CMOS cameras. Of course, this does not mean that only CCD or CMOS cameras can be used, and other types of cameras can be selected according to needs.

[0032] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, the collection chamber 1 is a trapezoidal prism structure. The upper bottom wall surface of the trapezoidal prism structure is the side wall provided with the first waterproof lens 11 and the second waterproof lens 12 (i.e., the front wall surface of the collection chamber 1). The first waterproof lens 11 and the second waterproof lens 12 are arranged along the length direction of the upper bottom wall surface. That is, when entering the water, one waist surface end of the trapezoidal prism structure (i.e., the bottom wall surface of the collection chamber 1) faces down and enters the water first, and then the upper bottom wall surface (the front wall surface of the collection chamber 1) and the lower bottom wall surface (the rear wall surface of the collection chamber 1) of the trapezoidal prism structure gradually enter the water. That is, the front wall surface and the rear wall surface of the collection chamber 1 are parallel to the sinking direction. Finally, the other waist surface end (i.e., the top wall surface of the collection chamber 1) faces up. Since the thickness of the waist surface end (the bottom wall surface of the collection chamber 1) of the trapezoidal prism structure gradually thickens when entering the water, the collection chamber 1 will not be stuck by broken ice in the ice hole when passing through the ice-water interface.

[0033] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6As shown, the sensor group 13 includes a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, and a pressure sensor. The main bodies of the temperature sensor, the salinity sensor, and the pressure sensor are all located inside the collection chamber 1, and only the detection heads extend through the openings on the collection chamber 1, which helps to avoid damage to the main bodies of the temperature sensor, the salinity sensor, and the pressure sensor caused by high water pressure or organisms in the water body. The detection heads and the openings on the collection chamber 1 are sealed to prevent external water from entering the collection chamber 1 through the openings. The installation positions of the temperature sensor, the salinity sensor, and the pressure sensor can be adjusted according to needs. Preferably, they can be installed at the bottom of the collection chamber 1. If the collection chamber 1 is a trapezoidal frustum structure, they are installed on the waist surface end that enters the water first (i.e., the bottom wall surface of the collection chamber 1).

[0034] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, the floating light source includes a rotating frame and a lighting lamp 7. The rotating frame includes a first rotating rod group and a second rotating rod group, and the second rotating rod group is located below the first rotating rod group. The first rotating rod group includes two first rotating rods, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the first waterproof lens 11, such as on the left and right side walls of the collection chamber 1. The second rotating rod group includes two second rotating rods, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the second waterproof lens 12, such as on the left and right side walls of the collection chamber 1. The first ends of the first rotating rods and the first ends of the second rotating rods are both rotationally connected to the outer wall of the collection chamber 1 through transverse rotating shafts. The ends of the first rotating rods and the ends of the second rotating rods are both provided with a lighting lamp 7 and a buoyancy body 8. Under the action of the buoyancy body 8, the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod can rotate up and down, so that the lighting lamp 7 on the first rotating rod is located in front of the wide-angle camera group 2, and the lighting lamp 7 on the second rotating rod is located in front of the macro camera group 3. The lengths of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are preset. The illumination area formed by the lighting lamp 7 on the first rotating rod needs to be within the maximum and minimum shooting ranges of the wide-angle camera group 2, and the illumination area formed by the lighting lamp 7 on the second rotating rod needs to be within the maximum and minimum shooting ranges of the macro camera group 3. The transverse rotating shafts of the two first rotating rods are coaxial, and the wide-angle camera group 2 is located on the axis of the transverse rotating shafts of the two first rotating rods. The transverse rotating shafts of the two second rotating rods are coaxial, and the macro camera group 3 is located on the axis of the transverse rotating shafts of the two second rotating rods. A limiter is provided on the transverse rotating shaft, so that the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod can only rotate forward 90° from the vertically downward position (in front of the front wall surface of the collection chamber 1) and cannot rotate backward (behind the rear wall surface of the collection chamber 1). Under the action of the buoyancy body 8, the lighting lamp 7 on the first rotating rod is exactly located directly in front of the wide-angle camera group 2, and under the action of the buoyancy body 8, the lighting lamp 7 on the second rotating rod is exactly located directly in front of the macro camera group 3. Before entering the water, the floating light source usually remains in a drooping state (the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod remain naturally drooping), which is beneficial for passing through the ice hole during the deployment in the polar ocean. After passing through the ice hole and crossing the ice-water interface, under the buoyancy of the buoyancy body 8, the floating light source moves to the front of the lens, (the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod rotate forward 90° and remain in a horizontal state).

[0035] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, both the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod include a threaded sleeve 5 and a connecting rod 6. The first end of the connecting rod 6 is provided with a transverse rotating shaft, the end of the connecting rod 6 is provided with a threaded section, and the first end of the threaded sleeve 5 is threadedly connected to the threaded section. The end of the threaded sleeve 5 is provided with a lighting lamp 7 and a buoyancy body 8. By rotating the threaded sleeve 5, the lengths of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod can be adjusted, that is, the distances between the lighting lamp 7 and the buoyancy body 8 and the collection chamber 1 can be adjusted.

[0036] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6As shown, the lighting lamp 7 can adopt a rectangular lamp panel. One lighting lamp 7 is provided on each of the two first rotating rods, and the lighting lamps 7 on the two first rotating rods are arranged facing each other. One lighting lamp 7 is provided on each of the two second rotating rods, and the lighting lamps 7 on the two second rotating rods are arranged facing each other.

[0037] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, the rectangular lamp panel includes a rectangular bottom plate and LED lamps arranged in an array on the rectangular bottom plate. The lighting lamp 7 is of a waterproof type.

[0038] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, a controller 10 and a storage battery 9 are further provided in the collection chamber 1. A data analysis program is provided in the controller 10. The camera group, the floating light source, and the sensor group 13 are all electrically connected to the controller 10. Through the controller 10, the acquired information can be directly processed and calculated to analyze and obtain the volume, abundance, and density of the biological particles in the illuminated area. The storage battery 9 supplies power to the controller 10, the floating light source, the camera group, and the sensor group 13.

[0039] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, a remote signal transmission device is further installed in the controller 10 for transmitting the detection results and calculation results back to the central control device.

[0040] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, the controller 10 is not provided in the collection chamber 1. A remote signal transmission device can be directly provided in the collection chamber 1 to transmit the collected data back to the central control device, and the central control device directly performs analysis and calculation.

[0041] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, the storage battery 9 can be connected to a solar photovoltaic panel for charging. The solar photovoltaic panel can be arranged outside the water body. If there is an ice surface, it can be directly arranged on the ice surface. If there is no ice surface, it can be arranged on a floating block floating on the water surface.

[0042] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, a data and charging interface 4 is further provided on the top of the collection chamber 1 for charging the storage battery 9 and can also communicate with the controller 10 to transmit the collected images, measurement data, and calculation data to other devices.

[0043] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, on the side of the collection chamber 1 facing away from the first waterproof lens 11 and the second waterproof lens 12 (i.e., the rear wall surface of the collection chamber 1), a fixing bolt 14 for fixing the cable 15 is provided for fixing the entire device on the cable 15, and the suspension of the device is realized by the cable 15.

[0044] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, this in-situ acquisition device for biological particle parameters uses an imaging method to enable continuous in-situ acquisition of marine biological particles in a non-destructive manner, improve the observation efficiency and avoid sampling disturbance. Its structure is optimized for the sub-ice water body, which helps with field deployment. This device is applicable to the observation of colloidal biological aggregates such as marine snow, avoiding the impacts and damages to experimental samples during traditional sampling, transportation, and measurement processes, and providing key in-situ data for the dynamic research of marine biological particles. It can not only cover the measurement of biological particles in a relatively large particle size range (20μm - 5cm), but also calculate the particle density, reducing the error in estimating the carbon content of biological particles by morphology in previous methods.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This example provides an in-situ acquisition method for biological particle parameters. As Figures 1 to 6 shown, it uses the in-situ acquisition device for biological particle parameters in Example 1, including the following steps:

[0047] Suspend the collection chamber 1 at a preset water layer, form a light area through the suspended light source, and the camera group takes real-time pictures of the light area to obtain image information. The sensor group 13 monitors the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value of the water layer where the light area is located. The water layer depth can be judged through the pressure value to adjust the position of the collection chamber 1 to reach the preset water layer depth.

[0048] The in-situ acquisition and observation of biological particle parameters are realized. Subsequently, based on the image information taken by the wide-angle camera group 2 and the macro camera group 3, the volume, abundance, and descent speed of the biological particles in the light area can be analyzed. Combining the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value, the density of the biological particles can be obtained, and through long-term observation, the position and time of the generation and settlement of the biological particles in the water body can be known.

[0049] In an implementation manner, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, this in-situ acquisition method for biological particle parameters further includes: analyzing and obtaining the volume, abundance, and descent speed of the biological particles in the light area based on the image information, analyzing and obtaining the water body density and water layer depth based on the temperature value, salinity value, and pressure value, and analyzing and obtaining the biological particle density based on the descent speed, volume, and water body density of the biological particles. For the above analysis and calculation process, if there is a controller 10 in the collection chamber 1, the calculation program in the controller 10 is used for analysis and calculation. If there is no controller 10 set in the collection chamber 1, the central control device is used for calculation. When the central control device calculates, it can either calculate the data saved in the collection chamber 1 after retrieving the collection chamber 1, or set a remote data transmission device in the collection chamber 1 to transmit the data back to the central control device for calculation.

[0050] In an implementation manner, as Figures 1 to 6As shown, in step S3, the water density is calculated according to the ocean state equation, the volume and abundance of biological particles are obtained by analyzing through neural network analysis method, the density of biological particles is calculated and analyzed according to Stokes equation, and the abundance is obtained by calculating the number of particles in the light area and the range of the light area.

[0051] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown,

[0052] (1) The ocean state equation is as follows:

[0053] ① Calculate the standard state density:

[0054] ρ 0 =ρ_w + A×S + B×S^(1.5) + C×S2 - ρ_w = 999.842594 + 6.793952×10^(-2)T - 9.095

[0055] 290×10^(-3)T2 +...;

[0056] where T is the temperature, S is the salinity, P is the pressure, and A, B, C are salinity-related coefficients, which are related to the temperature T;

[0057] ② Correct the density value:

[0058] ρ 1 =ρ 0 / (1 - P 1 / K) - K = K 0 + A_P 1 ×P 1 + B_P 1 ×P 1 2;

[0059] where P 1 is the corrected pressure value, and K 0 is a constant, which is related to the temperature T and the salinity S.

[0060] (2) The Stokes equation is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] where μ is the fluid viscosity, g is the acceleration of gravity, and both can be replaced by empirical values, and Reff is the equivalent radius of the biological particle volume after shape factor correction;

[0063] Reff = φ×(3V / 4π)^(1 / 3);

[0064] where φ is the shape correction factor, which can be obtained by experimental analysis or by looking up tables in the literature.

[0065] (3) The abundance calculation formula is as follows:

[0066] The abundance (A) is calculated from the number (N) of particulate matter in the illuminated area and the illuminated area range (C), and the formula is as follows: A = N / C. The unit of A is ind / dm 3 (pieces / liter). The number (N) of particulate matter is obtained by counting the biological particle targets in the illuminated area. During the counting process, a high-pass filter is first applied to remove any out-of-focus objects, and then the watershed algorithm established by Kowal et al. (2020) is used to dissociate overlapping targets.

[0067] (4) Neural network algorithm:

[0068] By randomly extracting frames from the image, applying a high-pass filter to remove out-of-focus objects, and using a neural network algorithm, the volume and number of particulate objects in a specific illuminated area of a single-frame image are calculated. Combining with the water pressure value, the average abundance data of particulate matter at the deployed depth is obtained. Specifically, the neural network algorithm can use the classify / val.py classification tool in the lightweight neural network algorithm YOLO5 to classify the objects in the field of view, and divide the objects into several particle size and shape categories according to the equivalent sphere diameter. The regionprops_table tool in the scientific image Python library is used to calculate the projected area, major axis length, and radius centered on the major axis of each particle (van der Walt et al., 2014). Then, according to the method of Adachi et al. (2019), the volume V of objects in different shape categories is calculated using the major axis length and the radius centered on the major axis. Since the target objects with different particulate matter shapes correspond to different volume correction factors, in this way, I can more accurately obtain the volume of the target through the two-dimensional image according to the volume correction factor. Thus, using the volume and moving speed, the role of the density neural network is mainly to classify the target objects. After classification, we assign values to the targets through the volume correction factor.

[0069] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, if the lighting lamp 7 uses a rectangular lamp panel, and there is one lighting lamp 7 on each of the two first rotating rods and one lighting lamp 7 on each of the two second rotating rods. Then the illuminated area range (C) is calculated from the area (R) of the rectangular lamp panel and the distance (W) between the two rectangular lamp panels: C = R × W. By adjusting the screw rod, the illuminated area range C is always within the effective depth of field of the camera group.

[0070] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6As shown, the in-situ acquisition method of biological particle parameters uses imaging methods to continuously acquire marine biological particles in-situ in a non-destructive manner, improve the observation efficiency and avoid sampling disturbance. Its structure is optimized for the sub-ice water body, which helps with field deployment. This device is applicable to the observation of colloidal biological aggregates such as marine snow, avoiding the impacts and damages to experimental samples during traditional sampling, transportation, and measurement processes, and providing key in-situ data for the dynamic research of marine biological particles. It can not only cover the measurement of biological particles in a relatively large particle size range (20μm - 5cm), but also estimate the particle density, reducing the error in estimating the carbon content of biological particles by morphology in previous methods.

[0071] In the present invention, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological particle parameter in-situ collection device, characterized in that: It comprises a collection cabin for being suspended in a water body, on which a suspended light source, a camera group and a sensor group are arranged. The suspended light source is used to form an illumination area, the camera group is used to take real-time photos of the illumination area, and the sensor group is used to collect the temperature value, salinity value and pressure value of the water layer where the illumination area is located.

2. The biological particle parameter in-situ collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camera group includes a macro camera group and a wide-angle camera group, the macro camera group and the wide-angle camera group are located inside the collection cabin, and a first waterproof lens and a second waterproof lens are provided on the side wall of the collection cabin, the first waterproof lens corresponds to the wide-angle camera group, and the second waterproof lens corresponds to the macro camera group.

3. The biological particle parameter in-situ collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The collection cabin is a trapezoidal pyramid structure, and the upper bottom wall of the trapezoidal pyramid structure is a side wall provided with the first waterproof lens and the second waterproof lens.

4. The biological particle parameter in-situ collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor group includes a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor and a pressure sensor.

5. The biological particle parameter in-situ collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The suspended light source includes a rotating frame and an illumination lamp. The rotating frame includes a first rotating rod group and a second rotating rod group. The first rotating rod group includes two first rotating rods respectively arranged on both sides of the first waterproof lens. The second rotating rod group includes two second rotating rods respectively arranged on both sides of the second waterproof lens. The head end of the first rotating rod and the head end of the second rotating rod are both rotatably connected to the outer wall of the collection cabin through a transverse rotating shaft. The ends of the first rotating rod and the ends of the second rotating rod are both provided with a buoyancy body and the illumination lamp.

6. The biological particle parameter in-situ collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first rotating rod and the second rotating rod both include a connecting rod and a threaded sleeve, the head end of the connecting rod is provided with the transverse rotating shaft, the tail end of the connecting rod is provided with a threaded section, the head end of the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the threaded section, and the tail end of the threaded sleeve is provided with a buoyancy body and the lighting lamp.

7. The biological particle parameter in-situ collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection cabin is also provided with a controller and a battery. The controller is provided with a data analysis program. The camera group, the suspended light source and the camera group are all electrically connected to the controller. The battery supplies power to the controller, the suspended light source, the camera group and the sensor group.

8. A method for in-situ collection of biological particle parameters, characterized in that: The in-situ collection device for biological particle parameters as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, comprising the following steps: The collection cabin is suspended in the water body, and a lighting area is formed by a suspended light source. The camera group shoots the lighting area in real time to obtain image information, and the sensor group monitors the temperature, salinity and pressure of the water layer where the lighting area is located.

9. The method for in-situ collection of biological particle parameters according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The volume, abundance and descent rate of the biological particles in the illuminated area are obtained based on the image information analysis. The water density and water layer depth are obtained based on the temperature, salinity and pressure values. The biological particle density is obtained based on the descent rate, volume and water density of the biological particles.

10. The method for in-situ collection of biological particle parameters according to claim 9, characterized in that: The water density is calculated based on the ocean state equation, the volume and abundance of biological particles are obtained by neural network analysis, the density of biological particles is calculated based on the Stokes equation, and the abundance is calculated by the number of particles in the illuminated area and the range of the illuminated area.

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