Method and device for dynamically adjusting illumination mode in escape process in tunnel fire smoke scene

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of highway tunnel fire safety, and particularly relates to a tunnel fire smoke scene escape process illumination mode dynamic adjustment method and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining smoke concentration data, building a triggering model on a data processor, transmitting the smoke concentration data to the data processor, and transmitting the smoke concentration data to the data processor; the smoke concentration data is calculated through a triggering model to obtain a triggering value, the triggering value is compared with a preset threshold value, if the triggering value is larger than or equal to the preset threshold value, the data processor conducts linkage adjustment on the escape indicating lamp and the lighting lamp, and if not, the data processor does not conduct adjustment on the escape indicating lamp and the lighting lamp. The device comprises a plurality of smoke sensors installed in the tunnel, escape indicating lamps, lighting lamps and a data processor connected with the smoke sensors, the escape indicating lamps and the lighting lamps, and a computer program is stored in the data processor and used for achieving the method. According to the invention, escape personnel can be helped to quickly find an emergency exit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of highway tunnel fire safety, and particularly relates to a method and device for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during the escape process in a tunnel fire smoke scenario. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel fires are characterized by high temperature and high smoke concentration, resulting in low visibility and difficulty in identifying the escape route during the escape process of personnel. In a smoke-filled environment, the adjustment mode of traditional escape indicator lights is single, and can only be adjusted for color or brightness separately, with limited effects, and cannot be adjusted simultaneously with lighting fixtures. Therefore, it is impossible to effectively guide personnel to quickly escape.

[0003] In view of this, the inventor of the present invention provides a method and device for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during the escape process in a tunnel fire smoke scenario to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and propose a method and device for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during the escape process in a tunnel fire smoke scenario. Based on this device, the method can achieve the linkage adjustment of escape indicator lights and lighting fixtures in a fire smoke scenario, enabling escape personnel to quickly and accurately find the safety exit.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during the escape process in a tunnel fire smoke scenario, including obtaining smoke concentration data and establishing a trigger model on a data processor, transmitting the smoke concentration data to the data processor, calculating a trigger value through the trigger model for the smoke concentration data, and comparing the trigger value with a preset threshold. If the trigger value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the data processor performs linkage adjustment on the escape indicator lights and lighting fixtures; otherwise, no adjustment is made to the escape indicator lights and lighting fixtures.

[0007] Further, the smoke concentration data is detected by a plurality of smoke sensors, and the expression of the trigger model is:

[0008] f = α 1 ×C′(t) + α 2 ×R′(t) + α 3 ×A′(t) + α 4 ×S′(t) (1)

[0009] Among them, f is the trigger value, C′(t) is the data after normalizing the smoke concentration, R′(t) is the data after normalizing the rate of change of the smoke concentration, A′(t) is the data after normalizing the accumulated amount of the smoke concentration, S′(t) is the data after normalizing the spatial distribution characteristics of the smoke, and α 1 , α 2 , α 3 , α 4 are the weights of each parameter, satisfying α 1 +α 2 +α 3 +α 4 = 1.

[0010] Furthermore, the preset threshold is obtained through the following process:

[0011] Set n simulation fire scenarios, obtain the trigger value in each fire scenario through Equation (1), get n trigger values, sort the n trigger values from small to large, and select the trigger value corresponding to the 75th percentile as the preset threshold; where n is an integer greater than or equal to 50.

[0012] Furthermore, the process of the linkage adjustment is as follows:

[0013] Take the position of the smoke sensor that first detects the smoke concentration data as the position of the fire source point, and the data processor performs linkage adjustment on the emergency escape indicator lights and lighting fixtures according to the position of the fire source point;

[0014] Among them, the linkage adjustment includes the adjustment of the brightness, color, and evacuation indication arrow of the emergency escape indicator lights, and the adjustment of the brightness and color of the lighting fixtures.

[0015] Furthermore, the coordinate positions of the smoke sensors and the emergency escape indicator lights in the tunnel are stored on the data processor, and the expression for adjusting the brightness of the emergency escape indicator lights is:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, B min is the minimum brightness specified for the emergency escape indicator light; B max is the maximum brightness specified for the emergency escape indicator light; e is the natural constant, 2.718; x is the horizontal coordinate of the emergency escape indicator light in the tunnel; x f is the horizontal coordinate of the fire source point in the tunnel; x - x f is the distance from the emergency escape indicator light to the fire source point;

[0018] B 0 = B min +(B max - B min )*f(C smoke ) (3)

[0019] f(C smoke ) is an exponential mapping function, and its expression is as follows:

[0020] f(C smoke ) = (1 - e C ) (4)

[0021] where C smoke is the current average smoke concentration, and C is the first detected smoke concentration data.

[0022] Furthermore, the color adjustment expression of the escape indicator light is:

[0023]

[0024] where Interpolate() is an interpolation function in the pandas library of the Python language; C start is the RGB value of the preset color when a fire occurs; C end is the RGB value of the preset color when the fire ends; C min is the minimum value of the smoke concentration in the historical fire data; C max is the maximum value of the smoke concentration in the historical fire data.

[0025] Furthermore, the evacuation indication arrow adjustment condition of the escape indicator light is:

[0026]

[0027] where D is the position of the escape indicator light relative to the fire source point; → indicates that the evacuation indication arrow guides the escape direction to the right; ← indicates that the evacuation indication arrow guides the escape direction to the left.

[0028] Furthermore, the brightness adjustment expression of the lighting fixture is:

[0029] I adjust = I normal ×(1 - C smoke ) (7)

[0030] where I normal is the brightness of the lighting fixture without smoke.

[0031] Furthermore, the color adjustment expression of the lighting fixture is:

[0032] Color adjust = (1 - C smoke )×Color normal + C smoke ×Color smoke (8)

[0033] Among them, Color normal is the color of the lighting fixture when there is no smoke; Color smoke is the color of the lighting fixture under smoke conditions.

[0034] On the other hand, the present invention provides an escape indication device for a tunnel fire smoke scene, including a plurality of smoke sensors, escape indicator lights, lighting fixtures installed in the tunnel, and a data processor connected thereto respectively. A computer program is stored in the data processor, and the computer program is used to implement the method described above.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] A method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during the escape process in a tunnel fire smoke scene provided by the present invention detects the smoke concentration in the tunnel in real time through a plurality of smoke sensors, establishes a trigger model on the data processor, transmits the smoke concentration to the trigger model and obtains a trigger value through calculation, and then compares the trigger value with a preset threshold to determine whether it is necessary to perform a linkage adjustment on the escape indicator lights and the lighting fixtures. This method has high intelligence and sensitivity, makes the escape indicator lights more conspicuous in the smoke environment, and combined with the improvement of the lighting environment, helps the escape personnel quickly find the safe exit, ensures that the escape personnel can clearly identify the escape path, and reduces the difficulty of escape caused by the fire smoke. Specific Embodiments

[0037] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. On the contrary, they are only examples consistent with some aspects of the present invention detailed in the appended claims.

[0038] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during the escape process in a tunnel fire smoke scene, including obtaining smoke concentration data and establishing a trigger model on the data processor, transmitting the smoke concentration data to the data processor, obtaining a trigger value through calculation of the smoke concentration data by the trigger model, and comparing the trigger value with a preset threshold. If the trigger value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the data processor performs a linkage adjustment on the escape indicator lights and the lighting fixtures; otherwise, no adjustment is made to the escape indicator lights and the lighting fixtures.

[0039] Further, the smoke concentration data is detected by a plurality of smoke sensors, and the expression of the trigger model is:

[0040] f = α 1 ×C′(t)+α 2 ×R′(t)+α 3 ×A′(t)+α 4×S′(t) (1)

[0041] Among them, f is the trigger value, C′(t) is the data after normalizing the smoke concentration, R′(t) is the data after normalizing the rate of change of the smoke concentration, A′(t) is the data after normalizing the cumulative amount of the smoke concentration, S′(t) is the data after normalizing the spatial distribution characteristics of the smoke, and α 1 、α 2 、α 3 、α 4 are the weights of each parameter, satisfying α 1 +α 2 +α 3 +α 4 = 1.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the formula for normalizing the smoke concentration is as follows:

[0043] C′(t) = (C fused (t) - C min ) / (C max - C min ) (2)

[0044] Among them, C fused (t) is the arithmetic mean of the smoke concentration at time t, C min is the minimum value of the smoke concentration in the historical fire data, and C max is the maximum value of the smoke concentration in the historical fire data;

[0045]

[0046] C i (t) is the smoke concentration of the i-th smoke sensor at time t; n is the number of smoke sensors;

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the formula for normalizing the rate of change of the smoke concentration is as follows:

[0048] R′(t) = (R t - R min ) / (R max - R min ) (4)

[0049] Among them, R t is the rate of change of the smoke concentration at time t; R min is the minimum value of the rate of change of the smoke concentration in the historical fire data; R max is the maximum value of the rate of change of the smoke concentration in the historical fire data;

[0050] R t = k × (C max - C min ) / Δt (5)

[0051] Among them, k is a constant used to adjust the sensitivity of the change rate of smoke concentration; Δt is the time period when a fire occurs.

[0052] In this embodiment, the value of k is determined by combining historical data and theoretical calculation methods;

[0053] Collect historical data: Obtain data on past tunnel fire events and calculate through the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, Z is the number of historical fire events, k base is the sensitivity coefficient in a single historical fire event, t reaction is the response time of the smoke sensor in a single historical fire event, t fire is the fire duration in a single historical fire event.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, the normalization calculation formula for the smoke concentration accumulation is as follows:

[0057] A′(t) = (A t - A min ) / (A max - A min ) (8)

[0058] Among them, A t is the accumulation of the smoke concentration at time t; A min is the minimum value of the smoke concentration accumulation in the historical fire data; A max is the maximum value of the smoke concentration accumulation in the historical fire data;

[0059]

[0060] Among them, m is a sensitivity adjustment coefficient used to control the smoke concentration accumulation; λ i is the weight coefficient of the i-th smoke sensor.

[0061] In this embodiment, the value of m is calculated using the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, C accumulate is the maximum value of the smoke concentration accumulation in a single historical fire event, C i,j (t) is the smoke concentration detected by the i-th smoke sensor in the j-th historical fire event, and Z is the number of historical fire events;

[0064] In this embodiment, the following formula is used to calculate λ i value

[0065]

[0066] Among them, d i is the distance from the i-th smoke sensor to the fire source point; is the sum of the distances from all smoke sensors in the tunnel to the fire source point;

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment, the normalization calculation formula for the smoke spatial distribution characteristics is as follows:

[0068] S′(t) = (S(t) - S min ) / (S max - S min ) (12)

[0069] Among them, S(t) is the smoke spatial distribution characteristic at time t; S min is the minimum value of the smoke spatial distribution characteristic in the historical fire data; S max is the maximum value of the smoke spatial distribution characteristic in the historical fire data.

[0070]

[0071] Furthermore, the preset threshold is obtained through the following process:

[0072] Set n simulated fire scenarios, obtain the trigger value in each fire scenario through Equation (1), obtain n trigger values, sort the n trigger values from small to large, and select the trigger value corresponding to the 75th percentile as the preset threshold; in this embodiment, n = 80.

[0073] Furthermore, the process of the linkage adjustment is as follows:

[0074] Take the position of the smoke sensor that first detects the smoke concentration data as the position of the fire source point, and the data processor performs linkage adjustment on the emergency exit indicator lights and lighting fixtures according to the position of the fire source point;

[0075] Among them, the linkage adjustment includes the adjustment of the brightness, color, and evacuation indication arrow of the emergency exit indicator lights, and the adjustment of the brightness and color of the lighting fixtures.

[0076] Specifically, in this embodiment, the coordinate positions of the smoke sensors and the emergency exit indicator lights in the tunnel are stored on the data processor, and the brightness adjustment expression of the emergency exit indicator lights is:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, B min is the minimum brightness specified for the emergency exit indicator light; B maxThe maximum brightness specified for the escape indicator light; e is the natural constant, 2.718; x is the lateral coordinate of the escape indicator light in the tunnel; x f is the lateral coordinate of the fire source point in the tunnel; x - x f is the distance from the escape indicator light to the fire source point;

[0079] B 0 = B min +(B max - B min ) * f(C smoke ) (15)

[0080] f(C smoke ) is the exponential mapping function, and the expression is as follows:

[0081] f(C smo ) k = e (1 - e C ) (16)

[0082] where C smoke is the current average smoke concentration, and C is the first detected smoke concentration data.

[0083] It should be noted that the brightness of the escape indicator light is adjusted as follows: centered on the fire source point, the brightness gradually increases to the left and right respectively.

[0084] The lighting effect of the lighting fixture should, on the basis of ensuring the lighting requirements of the escape personnel, minimize the discrimination effect of the personnel on the escape indicator light. Specifically, the color adjustment expression of the escape indicator light is:

[0085]

[0086] where Interpolate() is the interpolation function in the pandas library in the Python language; C start is the RGB value of the preset color during the fire (the preset color in this embodiment is green, and the specific value is [0 255 0]); C end is the RGB value of the preset color at the end of the fire (the preset color in this embodiment is red, and the specific value is [255 0 0]); C min is the minimum value of the smoke concentration in the historical fire data (a preset value, which can be the historical fire data counted more than 10 times forward from the current time); C max is the maximum value of the smoke concentration in the historical fire data (a preset value, which can be the historical fire data counted more than 10 times forward from the current time).

[0087] RGB: The RGB color model is a color standard in the industrial field. It obtains various colors by changing the three color channels of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) and their superposition with each other. RGB represents the colors of the three channels of red, green, and blue. This standard includes almost all the colors that the human vision can perceive and is one of the most widely used color systems at present. For example, the RGB value of green: [0 255 0], and the RGB value of red: [255 0 0].

[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, the adjustment condition of the evacuation indication arrow of the escape indicator light is:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, D is the position of the escape indicator light relative to the fire source point; → indicates that the evacuation indication arrow guides the escape direction to the right; ← indicates that the evacuation indication arrow guides the escape direction to the left.

[0091] It should be noted that the direction of the evacuation indication arrow is judged according to the position of the fire source point. In an emergency, the escape personnel can quickly and accurately find the escape direction according to the indication of the arrow and avoid getting lost in the chaos. In addition, the escape indicator light can attract the attention of the escape personnel by means of flashing or sound alarm reminder.

[0092] The position D of the escape indicator light relative to the fire source point is obtained by the following formula:

[0093] D = sig(nx e -x f ) (19)

[0094] Among them, sign() is the sign function, x e is the horizontal coordinate of the escape indicator light in the tunnel, and x f is the horizontal coordinate of the fire source point in the tunnel.

[0095] Specifically, in this embodiment, the brightness adjustment expression of the lighting fixture is:

[0096] I adju = s I tnorm × a (1 l -C smo ) k (20)

[0097] Among them, I normal is the brightness of the lighting fixture without smoke.

[0098] Specifically, in this embodiment, the color adjustment expression of the lighting fixture is:

[0099] Color adjust = (1 - C smoke ) × Color normal + C smoke × Color smoke (21)

[0100] where Color normal is the color (white) of the lighting fixture without smoke; Color smoke is the color (red) of the lighting fixture under smoke conditions.

[0101] It should be noted that the present invention requires parameters obtained by calculating based on historical fire data. Here, the time and location of the historical fire data are not specifically limited, as long as accurate and real data can be achieved. And recent fire data (such as historical fire data in the recent three years) is preferably selected.

[0102] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an escape indication device for a tunnel fire smoke scene, including a plurality of smoke sensors, escape indicator lights, lighting fixtures installed in the tunnel, and a data processor connected thereto respectively. A computer program is stored in the data processor, and the computer program is used to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0103] Specifically, the installation position of the smoke sensors: Smoke sensors are installed at both the entrance and exit of the tunnel to ensure that the propagation rate and concentration change of smoke can be detected in a timely manner at the initial stage of a fire; at the same time, a plurality of smoke sensors are installed along the length direction of the tunnel, and the density of the smoke sensors is increased in the high-risk areas of fire in the tunnel (near substations and important facilities) to ensure that a rapid response can be made in the local area with a relatively high smoke concentration.

[0104] The installation height of the smoke sensors: The smoke sensors are installed at a height of 2.5 m to 3.0 m from the tunnel floor, and the smoke sensors are oriented towards the central area of the tunnel to avoid the situation that smoke cannot be captured in a timely manner due to the obstruction of the tunnel structure. The specific installation position, spacing, height, and direction of the escape indicator lights should strictly comply with the specification requirements.

[0105] All the smoke sensors, escape indicator lights, and lighting fixtures are used to transmit data and control signals to the data processor through a wireless or wired network to ensure the real-time response and accuracy of the device, and ensure that the best visual guidance can be provided for the escape personnel under different smoke concentrations. The intelligence of this device is reflected in its ability to dynamically adjust the lighting strategy according to factors such as the location of the fire source and the distribution of smoke, maximizing the escape efficiency.

[0106] During the escape process, the escape indicator light is a key tool for guiding the escape personnel to escape quickly. In this embodiment, the escape indicator light adopts an LED lamp to combine with the constraint conditions, and through a computer program, the data processor sends instructions to achieve dynamic adjustment of its brightness, color, and evacuation indicator arrow.

[0107] In this embodiment, the coordinate positions of the smoke sensor, the escape indicator light, and the lighting fixture in the tunnel are measured and sent to the data processor for storage.

[0108] The specific installation positions, spacings, heights, and directions of the tunnel lighting fixtures shall strictly comply with the specification requirements. The data processor will instruct the lighting fixtures to appropriately (on the basis of ensuring the lighting requirements for personnel to escape) adjust the brightness or change the color to highlight the escape indicator light and make the escape path clearer.

[0109] The above are only the specific implementation manners of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0110] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described content and can be variously modified and changed without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene, characterized in that: The method includes acquiring smoke concentration data and establishing a trigger model on a data processor, transmitting the smoke concentration data to the data processor, calculating the smoke concentration data through the trigger model to obtain a trigger value, and comparing the trigger value with a preset threshold value. If the trigger value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value, the data processor makes a linkage adjustment to the escape indicator light and the lighting fixture, otherwise, the escape indicator light and the lighting fixture are not adjusted.

2. The method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The smoke concentration data is obtained through detection by multiple smoke sensors, and the expression of the trigger model is: f=α1×C′(t)+α2×R′(t)+α3×A′(t)+α4×S′(t) (1) Among them, f is the trigger value, C′(t) is the normalized data of smoke concentration, R′(t) is the normalized data of smoke concentration change rate, A′(t) is the normalized data of smoke concentration accumulation, S′(t) is the normalized data of smoke spatial distribution characteristics, α1, α2, α3, α4 are the weights of each parameter, satisfying α1+α2+α3+α4=1.

3. The method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preset threshold is obtained through the following process: Set n simulated fire scenes, obtain the trigger value in each fire scene through formula (1), obtain n trigger values, sort the n trigger values ​​from small to large, and select the trigger value corresponding to the 75% quantile as the preset threshold; where n is an integer ≥ 50.

4. The method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of linkage adjustment is as follows: The position of the first smoke sensor that detects smoke concentration data is used as the position of the fire source, and the data processor adjusts the escape indicator light and the lighting fixture in a linked manner according to the position of the fire source; The linkage adjustment includes adjusting the brightness, color and evacuation indicator arrows of the escape indicator lights, as well as adjusting the brightness and color of the lighting fixtures.

5. The method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The data processor stores the coordinate positions of the smoke sensor and the escape indicator light in the tunnel, and the brightness adjustment expression of the escape indicator light is: Among them, B min The minimum brightness specified for the emergency indicator light; B max is the maximum brightness of the escape indicator light; e is a natural constant, 2.718; x is the horizontal coordinate of the escape indicator light in the tunnel; x f is the horizontal coordinate of the fire source in the tunnel; |xx f | is the distance from the escape indicator light to the fire source; B0=B min +(B max -B min )*f(C smoke ) (3) f(C smoke ) is the exponential mapping function, and its expression is as follows: f(C smoke )=(1-e C ) (4) Among them, C smoke is the current average smoke density, and C is the first detected smoke density data.

6. The method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The color adjustment expression of the escape indicator light is: Among them, Interpolate() is the interpolation function in the pandas library in Python language; C start The RGB value of the preset color when a fire occurs; C end The RGB value of the preset color when the fire ends; C min is the minimum value of smoke density in historical fire data; C max It is the maximum value of smoke density in historical fire data.

7. The method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The adjustment conditions of the evacuation indicator arrow of the escape indicator light are: Among them, D is the position of the escape indicator light relative to the fire source; → is the evacuation indicator arrow pointing the escape direction to the right; ← is the evacuation indicator arrow pointing the escape direction to the left.

8. The method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The brightness adjustment expression of the lighting fixture is: I adjust =I normal ×(1-C smoke ) (7) Among them, I normal The brightness of the lighting fixture when there is no smoke.

9. The method for dynamically adjusting the lighting mode during escape from a tunnel fire smoke scene according to claim 4, characterized in that: The color adjustment expression of the lighting fixture is: Color adjust =(1-C smoke )×Color normal +C smoke ×Color smoke (8) Among them, Color normal The color of the lighting fixture when there is no smoke; Color smoke The color of the lighting fixtures under smoke conditions.

10. A tunnel fire smoke scene escape indication device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of smoke sensors, escape indicator lights, lighting fixtures installed in a tunnel, and data processors respectively connected thereto, wherein a computer program is stored in the data processor, and the computer program is used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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