Efficient rape cultivation device and method based on automation

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to an efficient rape cultivation device and method based on automation. The seedling stage hydroponic frame comprises a plurality of hydroponic lattices, hydroponic base materials are in interference fit in the hydroponic lattices, through holes communicated with the top wall and the bottom wall are formed in the side walls of one sides of the hydroponic lattices, grooves are formed in the tops of the side walls of the sides, close to the through holes, of the hydroponic lattices, ferromagnetic metal blocks are slidably connected into the grooves, and silk threads are fixedly connected to the hydroponic base materials; one end, far away from the hydroponic base material, of the silk thread is wound into the through hole, penetrates through the side wall of the groove and is fixedly connected with the ferromagnetic metal block; the planting machine comprises a moving carrier, and a plurality of soil breaking claws, a conveying assembly, a lowering device, a plurality of planting driving rods and a plurality of soil compacting wheels are arranged at the bottom of the moving carrier. According to the technical scheme, vegetable seedling separation and vegetable seedling filling can be automatically completed through the special seedling stage water planting frame, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, and in particular to an automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device and method. Background Art

[0002] Rapeseed is mainly cultivated in winter and does not compete with other oil crops for land. It also has a wide range of production adaptability. Rapeseed can be planted in spring and autumn in different climate zones, and can be rotated with various crops, intercropped and planted in areas with one or more crops per year. Especially in subtropical rice-growing areas, double or triple cropping of rice and rapeseed can be implemented to fully utilize light, heat and soil resources.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, a common vegetable seedling machine usually uses a vehicle body as a carrier, and a soil breaking claw, a seedling delivery tube, and a soil compacting wheel are respectively arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body. At present, the seedling delivery tube is manually filled with seedlings for delivery to the seedling delivery tube. Conventional seedlings are densely planted during the seedling stage to save space, so that the seedlings need to be manually separated during the seedling raising and planting process. Therefore, the seedling filling in the existing vegetable seedling machine requires manual separation and filling of seedlings, and the degree of automation still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device and method, which is used to automatically complete the separation and filling of seedlings through a special seedling hydroponic rack, thereby reducing the intensity of manual work.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: an automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device, comprising a plurality of seedling hydroponic racks and a planting machine;

[0006] The seedling hydroponic rack comprises a plurality of hydroponic grids, in which hydroponic substrates are interference-fitted, a side wall of one side of the hydroponic grid is provided with a through hole connecting the top wall and the bottom wall, a groove is provided at the top of the side wall of the hydroponic grid close to the through hole, a ferromagnetic metal block is slidably connected in the groove, and the hydroponic substrates are all fixedly connected with silk threads, and after the ends of the silk threads away from the hydroponic substrates are wound around the through hole, they pass through the side wall of the groove and are fixedly connected to the ferromagnetic metal block;

[0007] The planting machine includes a mobile carrier, at the bottom of which are provided a plurality of soil-breaking claws, a transport assembly, a lowering device, a plurality of planting drive rods and a plurality of soil compacting wheels. The soil-breaking claws are used to break the soil to produce a planting pit. The transport assembly is used to replenish and transport the seedling hydroponic rack. The lowering device is used to drive the transport seedling hydroponic rack down into the planting pit. An electromagnet is fixedly connected to the planting drive rod. The planting drive rod is used to probe into the through hole of the hydroponic grid and press the middle part of the silk thread downward. The electromagnet is used to attract the ferromagnetic metal block in the groove so that the ferromagnetic metal block drives the silk thread to be pulled toward the direction of the electromagnet until the silk thread breaks. The soil compacting wheels are used to compact the soil on both sides of the planting pit toward the planting pit.

[0008] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] 1. In this solution, users can use the seedling hydroponic rack to cultivate rapeseed seedlings. The rapeseed seedlings will grow on the hydroponic substrate in the hydroponic grid, thereby completing the seedling development process. When the rapeseed seedlings are cultivated, there is no need to take the rapeseed seedlings out of the seedling hydroponic rack. Instead, the entire seedling hydroponic rack is loaded into the planting machine for subsequent planting.

[0010] 2. In this solution, the soil-breaking claws are used to reach into the soil and construct planting pits. The number of planting pits for a single planting should correspond to the number of hydroponic grids of the seedling hydroponic rack. After the planting pits are prepared, the seedling hydroponic rack is placed into the planting pit through the lowering device. At this time, the rapeseed seedlings are still in the hydroponic grids. The planting drive rod is used to probe into the through holes of each hydroponic grid. The planting drive rod will extend through the through holes to the bottom of the planting pit or even into the soil. At this time, the silk thread will be pressed into the soil driven by the planting drive rod. The subsequent electromagnet attracts the ferromagnetic metal block, causing the silk thread to be pulled along with the ferromagnetic metal block. Since the hydroponic base material is fixedly connected to the silk thread, it will also move along with the silk thread. However, the silk thread is small in size and can be pulled in the soil, while the hydroponic base material is large in size and will get stuck after contacting the soil. At this time, the tension on the silk thread will directly break the silk thread, causing the hydroponic base material carrying the rapeseed seedlings to be left at the bottom of the planting pit. After the hydroponic rack is taken out of the planting pit in the seedling stage, the soil compacting wheels will push the soil on both sides into the planting pit to complete the sowing of the rapeseed seedlings.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydroponic grids are connected by a first telescopic member.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Rapeseed plants are small in the seedling stage, so dense planting is often adopted. After subsequent transplantation, the rapeseed seedlings need to have a larger spacing. The first telescopic member can adjust the spacing between seedlings in this process, so that the rapeseed seedlings can be cultivated with a small spacing during the hydroponic period. During the subsequent transplantation, the distance between the hydroponic grids is lengthened to meet the transplantation needs.

[0013] Furthermore, a baffle is detachably connected to the top of the groove, and the ferromagnetic metal is wrapped with a waterproof layer.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The ferromagnetic metal may be sucked out of the groove by the electromagnet, causing the ferromagnetic metal to fall into the soil. The baffle can constrain the position of the ferromagnetic metal, and through the detachable connection, it is convenient to tie the wire to the ferromagnetic metal block later. The waterproof layer can reduce the pollution to the hydroponic environment during the hydroponic process.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydroponic base material and the silk thread are both made of degradable materials.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The hydroponic base material and silk thread will remain in the soil after planting. The use of degradable materials can not only dispose of the hydroponic base material and silk thread through natural degradation, but also convert them into nutrients for rapeseed seedlings to absorb through degradation.

[0017] Furthermore, the ground-breaking claw includes a second telescopic member, which is used to drive the ground-breaking claw to descend and rise. One end of the second telescopic member is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile carrier, and the other end of the second telescopic member is fixedly connected to the mechanical claw.

[0018] Beneficial effect: The mechanical claw is extended into the soil through the second telescopic member, and then the mechanical claw is driven to open in the soil to construct a planting pit.

[0019] Furthermore, the transport component includes a loading conveying component and a unloading conveying component, which are respectively located on both sides of the lowering device. The loading conveying component is connected to the hydroponic rack storage box, and the unloading conveying component is connected to the recycling box.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The feeding conveyor assembly can convey the seedling hydroponic racks with rapeseed seedlings to the lowering device. After the subsequent planting is completed, the seedling hydroponic racks without rapeseed seedlings are placed at the feeding conveyor assembly for recycling. The hydroponic rack storage box is used to store the seedling hydroponic racks.

[0021] Furthermore, the lowering device includes a first fixed claw and a second fixed claw, and the first fixed claw and the second fixed claw are both provided with a third telescopic part. The first fixed claw and the second fixed claw are respectively used to grasp the two sides of the seedling hydroponic rack, and the first fixed claw and the second fixed claw are respectively provided with a driving part, which is used to drive the first fixed claw and the second fixed claw to move horizontally.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Since the length of the seedling hydroponic rack is different at different stages, the first fixed claw and the second fixed claw are independently driven, and the distance and sliding between the first fixed claw and the second fixed claw can be controlled by the driving member, thereby completing the length control and position movement of the seedling hydroponic rack.

[0023] Furthermore, the planting drive rod comprises a rod body, the rod body is provided with a fourth telescopic member, and the electromagnet is fixedly connected to one side of the rod body.

[0024] Beneficial effect: The rod is used to probe into the through hole and reach the bottom of the planting pit or the soil, so that the silk thread can pull the hydroponic substrate to move towards the soil.

[0025] Furthermore, the bottom of the rod body has an arc-shaped profile.

[0026] Beneficial effect: The arc-shaped profile has no sharp edges, which can facilitate the pulling of the wire and reduce the probability of the wire being cut by the sharp edges.

[0027] An automated rapeseed efficient cultivation method comprising:

[0028] Step 1: hydroponic cultivation of vegetable seedlings: sow the vegetable seedlings on the hydroponic substrate in each hydroponic grid, and then half-immerse the seedling hydroponic rack in the hydroponic environment;

[0029] Step 2, preparation of sowing by the planter: taking out the hydroponic rack of the well-developed vegetable seedlings from the hydroponic environment, loading it into the hydroponic rack storage box, and moving it to the area to be planted by the mobile carrier;

[0030] Step three, planting seedlings: the loading and conveying assembly conveys the seedling hydroponic rack to the lowering device. When the soil-breaking claws break the soil to form a planting pit, the lowering device grabs the seedling hydroponic rack and stretches the seedling hydroponic rack through the first telescopic member between the hydroponic grids. After the mobile carrier moves to just above the planting pit, the seedling hydroponic rack is pressed down into the planting pit. The planting drive rods are inserted into the through holes of the hydroponic grids respectively to press the middle part of the wire down to the bottom of the planting pit. Then the electromagnet attracts the ferromagnetic metal block to pull the wire toward the electromagnet until it breaks, causing the seedling to break away from the seedling hydroponic rack and fall into the planting pit. The lowering device lifts the seedling hydroponic rack, and the soil compacting wheel covers and compacts the soil to complete the planting process.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The use of this method can reduce the manual labor intensity required for separating and filling seedlings during cultivation, and improve the level of automation.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a planter according to an embodiment of an automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a soil-breaking claw of an embodiment of an automated rapeseed high-efficiency cultivation device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a seedling-stage hydroponic rack and a lowering device according to an embodiment of an automated rapeseed high-efficiency cultivation device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a hydroponic grid according to an embodiment of an automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the soil compacting wheel of an embodiment of the automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device of the present invention.

[0038] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. seedling hydroponic rack; 2. hydroponic grid; 3. hydroponic base material; 4. through hole; 5. groove; 6. ferromagnetic metal block; 7. silk thread; 8. mobile carrier; 9. transportation component; 10. soil compacting wheel; 11. first telescopic part; 12. baffle; 13. waterproof layer; 14. second telescopic part; 15. mechanical claw; 16. first fixed claw; 17. second fixed claw; 18. third telescopic part; 19. driving part; 20. rod body; 21. fourth telescopic part; 22. electromagnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0043] Embodiment 1:

[0044] As attached Figure 1-Figure 5 Shown is: an automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device, comprising a plurality of seedling hydroponic racks 1 and a planting machine.

[0045] The seedling hydroponic rack 1 includes a plurality of hydroponic grids 2, which are connected by a first telescopic member 11, and the first telescopic member 11 is a diamond-shaped telescopic frame. A hydroponic base material 3 is interference-fitted in the hydroponic grid 2, and the hydroponic base material 3 can be a straw rope ball. A through hole 4 connecting the top wall and the bottom wall is provided on one side wall of the hydroponic grid 2, and a groove 5 is provided on the top of the side wall of the hydroponic grid 2 near the through hole 4. A ferromagnetic metal block 6 is slidably connected in the groove 5. The hydroponic base material 3 is tied with a silk thread 7, which is a fiber rope. After the end of the silk thread 7 away from the hydroponic base material 3 is wound into the through hole 4, it passes through the side wall of the groove 5 and is tied to the ferromagnetic metal block 6. A baffle 12 is detachably connected to the top of the groove 5 through a buckle, and a waterproof layer 13 is wrapped around the ferromagnetic metal.

[0046] During use, the user uses the seedling hydroponic rack 1 to cultivate rapeseed seedlings. After sowing rapeseed seeds on the hydroponic base material 3, the seedling hydroponic rack 1 is half immersed in the hydroponic culture solution. The rapeseed seedlings will grow on the hydroponic base material 3 in the hydroponic grid 2, and their roots will penetrate into the hydroponic base material 3 to absorb nutrients in the hydroponic base material 3, thereby completing the seedling development process.

[0047] The rapeseed plants are small in the seedling stage, so they are often planted densely. After subsequent transplantation, the rapeseed seedlings need to have a larger spacing. The first telescopic member 11 can adjust the spacing between the seedlings in this process, so that the rapeseed seedlings can be cultivated with a small spacing during the hydroponic period. During subsequent transplantation, the distance between the hydroponic grids 2 is lengthened to meet the transplantation requirements.

[0048] The planting machine includes a mobile carrier 8, which is a vehicle body, and a plurality of soil-breaking claws, a transport assembly 9, a lowering device, a plurality of planting drive rods and a plurality of soil compacting wheels 10 are arranged at the bottom of the mobile carrier 8. A power source for supplying energy to the soil-breaking claws, the transport assembly 9, the lowering device and the planting drive rods is mounted on the vehicle body.

[0049] The number of soil-breaking claws corresponds to the number of hydroponic grids 2 in a single seedling hydroponic rack 1. The soil-breaking claw includes a second telescopic member 14, which is used to drive the soil-breaking claw to descend and rise. One end of the second telescopic member 14 is bolted to the bottom of the mobile carrier 8, and the other end of the second telescopic member 14 is bolted to the mechanical claw 15.

[0050] The lowering device includes a first fixed claw 16 and a second fixed claw 17, both of which are equipped with a third telescopic member 18. The first fixed claw 16 and the second fixed claw 17 are respectively used to grasp the two sides of the seedling hydroponic rack 1, and the first fixed claw 16 and the second fixed claw 17 are respectively provided with a driving member 19, which is an electric screw, and the driving member 19 is respectively used to drive the first fixed claw 16 and the second fixed claw 17 to move horizontally.

[0051] The transport component 9 includes a loading conveying component and a unloading conveying component, both of which are belt conveyors. The loading conveying component and the unloading conveying component are respectively located on both sides of the lowering device. The loading conveying component is connected to a hydroponic rack storage box, and the unloading conveying component is connected to a recycling box.

[0052] The planting driving rod comprises a rod body 20, the rod body 20 is provided with a fourth telescopic member 21, and an electromagnet 22 is bolted to one side of the middle of the rod body 20. The planting driving rod is used to probe into the through hole 4 of the hydroponic grid 2 and press the middle of the silk thread 7 downward, and the electromagnet 22 is used to attract the ferromagnetic metal block 6 in the groove 5, so that the ferromagnetic metal block 6 drives the silk thread 7 to be pulled toward the direction of the electromagnet 22 until the silk thread 7 breaks.

[0053] The second telescopic member 14 , the third telescopic member 18 and the fourth telescopic member 21 are all cylinders.

[0054] The soil compacting wheel 10 is used to compact the soil on both sides of the planting pit toward the planting pit. The soil compacting wheel 10 is a pair of rollers with the bottom direction tilted inwards.

[0055] After the rapeseed seedlings are cultivated, there is no need to take the rapeseed seedlings out of the seedling hydroponic rack 1 , but the entire seedling hydroponic rack 1 is loaded into the hydroponic rack storage box in the planting machine for subsequent planting work.

[0056] The user drives the mobile carrier 8 to the area to be planted and moves it along the direction of the planting ridge. During the movement, the soil-breaking claws are used to extend into the soil, and the mechanical claws 15 are controlled to open to construct planting pits. The number of planting pits for a single planting should correspond to the number of hydroponic grids 2 of the seedling hydroponic rack 1. After the planting pits are prepared, the seedling hydroponic rack 1 is placed into the planting pits through the lowering device. At this time, the rapeseed seedlings are still in the hydroponic grids 2. The planting drive rod is used to probe into the through holes 4 of each hydroponic grid 2. The planting drive rod will extend through the through holes 4 to the bottom of the planting pit or even into the soil. At this time, the silk thread 7 will be driven by the planting drive rod and pressed into the soil. The subsequent electromagnet 22 attracts the ferromagnetic metal block 6, so that the silk thread 7 is pulled along with the ferromagnetic metal block 6. Since the hydroponic base material 3 is fixedly connected to the silk thread 7, it will also move along with the silk thread 7. However, the silk thread 7 is small in size and can be pulled in the soil. The hydroponic base material 3 is large in size and will get stuck after contacting the soil. At this time, the tension on the silk thread 7 will directly break the silk thread 7, so that the hydroponic base material 3 carrying the rapeseed seedlings will be left at the bottom of the planting pit. After the hydroponic rack 1 is taken out of the planting pit in the seedling stage, the soil compacting wheel 10 will push the soil on both sides into the planting pit to complete the sowing of the rapeseed seedlings.

[0057] If the ferromagnetic metal is sucked out of the groove 5 by the electromagnet 22, the ferromagnetic metal will fall into the soil and pollute the soil. The baffle 12 can constrain the position of the ferromagnetic metal, and through the detachable connection, it is convenient to re-tie the wire 7 to the ferromagnetic metal block 6 later. The waterproof layer 13 can reduce the pollution to the hydroponic environment during the hydroponic process.

[0058] The hydroponic base material 3 and the silk thread 7 will both remain in the soil after planting. The use of degradable materials can not only dispose of the hydroponic base material 3 and the silk thread 7 through natural degradation, but also convert them into nutrients for the rapeseed seedlings to absorb through degradation.

[0059] The hydroponic rack storage box is used to store the seedling hydroponic rack 1. The loading conveyor assembly can take out the seedling hydroponic rack 1 in the hydroponic rack storage box, and convey the seedling hydroponic rack 1 with rapeseed seedlings to the lowering device. After the subsequent planting is completed, the seedling hydroponic rack 1 without rapeseed seedlings is placed at the unloading conveyor assembly for recycling and collection, so that the used seedling hydroponic rack 1 is stored in the recycling box.

[0060] Since the length of the seedling hydroponic rack 1 is different in different stages, the seedling hydroponic rack 1 is not extended during the hydroponic and transportation stages, and during the planting stage, the seedling hydroponic rack 1 will be extended to match the planting pit. Therefore, the first fixed claw 16 and the second fixed claw 17 are both independently driven, and the distance and sliding between the first fixed claw 16 and the second fixed claw 17 can be controlled by the driving member 19, thereby completing the length control and position movement of the seedling hydroponic rack 1.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] The difference from the above embodiment is that the bottom of the rod body 20 is an arc-shaped contour.

[0063] The arc-shaped profile has no sharp edges, which can facilitate the pulling of the wire 7 and reduce the probability of the wire 7 being cut by the sharp edges.

[0064] An automated rapeseed efficient cultivation method comprising:

[0065] Step 1, hydroponic cultivation of vegetable seedlings: sowing vegetable seedlings on the hydroponic base material 3 in each hydroponic grid 2, and then half immersing the seedling hydroponic rack 1 in the hydroponic environment;

[0066] Step 2, preparation of sowing by the planter: taking out the hydroponic rack 1 of the well-developed vegetable seedlings from the hydroponic environment, loading it into the hydroponic rack storage box, and moving it to the area to be planted by the mobile carrier 8;

[0067] Step three, planting seedlings: the feeding and conveying assembly conveys the seedling hydroponic rack 1 to the lowering device. When the soil-breaking claws break the soil to form a planting pit, the lowering device grabs the seedling hydroponic rack 1 and stretches the seedling hydroponic rack 1 through the first telescopic member 11 between the hydroponic grids 2. After the mobile carrier 8 moves to the top of the planting pit, the seedling hydroponic rack 1 is pressed down into the planting pit. The planting drive rods are respectively inserted into the through holes 4 of the hydroponic grids 2 to press the middle part of the wire 7 down to the bottom of the planting pit. Then the electromagnet 22 attracts the ferromagnetic metal block 6 to pull the wire 7 toward the direction of the electromagnet 22 until the wire 7 breaks, so that the seedlings break away from the seedling hydroponic rack 1 and fall into the planting pit. The lowering device lifts the seedling hydroponic rack 1, and the soil compacting wheel 10 covers the soil and compacts it to complete the planting process.

[0068] The use of this method can reduce the manual labor intensity required for separating and filling seedlings during cultivation and improve the level of automation.

[0069] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device, characterized in that: It includes a number of seedling hydroponic racks (1) and a planting machine; The seedling hydroponic rack (1) comprises a plurality of hydroponic grids (2), wherein a hydroponic base material (3) is interference-fitted in the hydroponic grids (2), a through hole (4) communicating with a top wall and a bottom wall is provided on one side wall of the hydroponic grid (2), a groove (5) is provided on the top of the side wall of the hydroponic grid (2) close to the through hole (4), a ferromagnetic metal block (6) is slidably connected in the groove (5), and a silk thread (7) is fixedly connected to the hydroponic base material (3), and an end of the silk thread (7) away from the hydroponic base material (3) is wound around the through hole (4), passes through the side wall of the groove (5), and is fixedly connected to the ferromagnetic metal block (6); The planting machine comprises a mobile carrier (8), the bottom of which is provided with a plurality of soil-breaking claws, a transport assembly (9), a lowering device, a plurality of planting drive rods and a plurality of soil compacting wheels (10), the soil-breaking claws being used for breaking the soil to produce a planting pit, the transport assembly (9) being used for replenishing and transporting a seedling-stage hydroponic rack (1), the lowering device being used for driving the transported seedling-stage hydroponic rack (1) downward into the planting pit, an electromagnet (22) being fixedly connected to the planting drive rod, the planting drive rod being used for probing into a through hole (4) of a hydroponic grid (2) and for pressing the middle of a silk thread (7) downward, the electromagnet (22) being used for attracting a ferromagnetic metal block (6) in a groove (5), so that the ferromagnetic metal block (6) drives the silk thread (7) to be pulled in the direction of the electromagnet (22) until the silk thread (7) is broken, and the soil compacting wheels (10) being used for compacting the soil on both sides of the planting pit into the planting pit.

2. The automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydroponic grids (2) are connected via a first telescopic member (11).

3. The automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A baffle (12) is detachably connected to the top of the groove (5), and a waterproof layer (13) is wrapped around the ferromagnetic metal.

4. The automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydroponic base material (3) and the silk thread (7) are both made of degradable materials.

5. The automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ground-breaking claw comprises a second telescopic member (14) which is used to drive the ground-breaking claw to descend and ascend. One end of the second telescopic member (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile carrier (8), and the other end of the second telescopic member (14) is fixedly connected to the mechanical claw (15).

6. The automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transport component (9) comprises a loading conveying component and a unloading conveying component, which are respectively located on both sides of the lowering device; the loading conveying component is connected to a hydroponic rack storage box, and the unloading conveying component is connected to a recovery box.

7. The automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lowering device comprises a first fixed claw (16) and a second fixed claw (17), the first fixed claw (16) and the second fixed claw (17) are both provided with a third telescopic member (18), the first fixed claw (16) and the second fixed claw (17) are respectively used to grasp two sides of a hydroponic frame (1) in the seedling stage, the first fixed claw (16) and the second fixed claw (17) are respectively provided with a driving member (19), and the driving member (19) is respectively used to drive the first fixed claw (16) and the second fixed claw (17) to move laterally.

8. The automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The planting drive rod comprises a rod body (20), the rod body (20) is provided with a fourth telescopic member (21), and the electromagnet (22) is fixedly connected to one side of the rod body (20).

9. The automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the rod body (20) has an arc-shaped profile.

10. An automated rapeseed efficient cultivation method, based on the automated rapeseed efficient cultivation device of claim 9, characterized in that: include: Step 1: hydroponically growing vegetable seedlings: sowing vegetable seedlings onto the hydroponic base material (3) in each hydroponic grid (2), and then half-immersing the seedling hydroponic rack (1) in the hydroponic environment; Step 2, preparing the planting machine for sowing: taking out the hydroponic rack (1) of the well-developed vegetable seedlings from the hydroponic environment, loading it into the hydroponic rack storage box, and moving it to the area to be planted via the mobile carrier (8); Step 3, vegetable seedling planting: the feeding conveying assembly conveys the seedling hydroponic rack (1) to the lowering device. When the soil-breaking claws break the soil to form a planting pit, the lowering device grabs the seedling hydroponic rack (1) and stretches the seedling hydroponic rack (1) through the first telescopic member (11) between the hydroponic grids (2). After the seedling hydroponic rack (1) moves to the top of the planting pit along with the mobile carrier (8), the seedling hydroponic rack (1) is pressed down into the planting pit. The planting driving rods are respectively inserted into the through holes (4) of the hydroponic grids (2) to press the middle part of the wire (7) down to the bottom of the planting pit. Then, the electromagnet (22) attracts the ferromagnetic metal block (6) to pull the wire (7) in the direction of the electromagnet (22) until the wire (7) breaks, so that the vegetable seedlings are separated from the seedling hydroponic rack (1) and fall into the planting pit. The lowering device lifts the seedling hydroponic rack (1), and the soil compacting wheel (10) covers the soil and compacts it to complete the planting process.

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