Hair loss preventing and repairing shampoo and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to anti-hair loss repairing shampoo and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of shampoo. The anti-hair-loss repairing shampoo comprises the following components: a surfactant, a polygonum multiflorum compound, citric acid, a preservative, a chelating agent and deionized water. The formula of the prepared shampoo contains the surfactant, the polygonum multiflorum compound, the citric acid, the preservative, the chelating agent and the like, and the shampoo can nourish hair, regulate the scalp environment, enhance the toughness and health of hair and reduce hair breakage and shedding. Scalp cells absorb nutrition, keep vitality, enhance the stability of hair roots, effectively prevent hair loss and promote hair growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shampoo and relates to an anti-hair loss and repairing shampoo and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The application of Polygonum multiflorum extract in shampoo is mainly reflected in its various hair care effects, including nourishing blood and promoting hair growth, blackening and shining hair, removing dandruff and relieving itching, and nourishing the scalp. Polygonum multiflorum has the effects of nourishing the liver and kidneys and replenishing essence and blood. Through the external use of Polygonum multiflorum shampoo, its active ingredients can nourish the scalp and hair follicles, provide sufficient nutrition for the hair, and thus promote hair growth. The various ingredients in Polygonum multiflorum shampoo can regulate the oil balance of the scalp, reduce the production of dandruff, and relieve the symptoms of scalp itching, keeping the scalp refreshed and comfortable. The active ingredients in Polygonum multiflorum shampoo can deeply nourish the scalp and hair follicles, improve the scalp environment, promote scalp blood circulation, and enhance the activity of hair follicles, thereby enhancing the growth of hair and making the hair thicker and healthier.

[0003] Pullulan is a green, natural, biodegradable polymer. It is a colorless, odorless, white powder with a large number of hydroxyl groups on its main chain, which has inherent biological activity. It is resistant to acid, alkali, and salt, safe, non-toxic, and edible. It has good film-forming properties, fiber-forming properties, low oxygen permeability, no hygroscopicity, stability, adhesion, and enzyme degradability. Therefore, it is often used as packaging materials, food additives, medical biomaterials, and industrial coatings, and is widely used in the cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-hair loss repairing shampoo and a preparation method thereof. The shampoo prepared by the present invention contains ingredients such as surfactants, Polygonum multiflorum complex, citric acid, preservatives and chelating agents, which can nourish hair, regulate the scalp environment, enhance the strength and health of hair, and reduce hair breakage and shedding. Scalp cells absorb nutrients, maintain vitality, strengthen the stability of hair roots, effectively prevent hair loss and promote hair growth.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An anti-hair loss repairing shampoo comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0007] 36-48 parts of surfactant, 10-13 parts of Polygonum multiflorum complex, 0.2-0.4 parts of citric acid, 1-2 parts of preservative, 0.1-0.2 parts of chelating agent and 100-110 parts of deionized water.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the surfactant is composed of cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl amphoacetate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl alanine and propylene glycol laurate in a mass ratio of 10-12:3-4:5.5-6.0:1.2-1.5:1.3-1.8:6-7.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preservative consists of phenoxyethanol and sodium benzoate in a mass ratio of 1:1.2-1.5.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the chelating agent is EDTA-4Na.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation of the Polygonum multiflorum complex comprises the following steps:

[0012] 1) After deionized water and pullulan are stirred and mixed, a composite monomer is added and ultrasonically mixed, and after cooling to room temperature, freeze-drying is performed to obtain composite particles;

[0013] 2) After the composite particles, ethanol solution and Polygonum multiflorum extract are stirred and mixed, a cross-linking monomer is added and stirred at a constant temperature, cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, washed, and freeze-dried to obtain a Polygonum multiflorum complex.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 1), the mass ratio of the deionized water, pullulan and the complex monomer is 30-40:5.4-6.2:0.4-0.6; the complex monomer is composed of glutamic acid and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 2.0-2.3:3.2-3.8; the stirring and mixing is stirring at a speed of 500-600 rpm for 20-30 min; the ultrasonic mixing is ultrasonically mixed at a power of 200-300 W for 30-40 min.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 2), the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol solution, Polygonum multiflorum extract and cross-linking monomer is 13-15:40-50:2.5-3.0:1.2-1.4; the mass fraction of the ethanol solution is 60%; the stirring and mixing is stirring at a speed of 400-600 rpm for 30-40 minutes; the constant temperature stirring is stirring at a temperature of 60-68°C for 6-8 hours.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method of the cross-linking monomer includes: mixing α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and a photoinitiator, treating with ultraviolet light, centrifuging and removing the supernatant to obtain a cross-linking monomer.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the photoinitiator is photoinitiator 1173; the mass ratio of n-hexylphenylacrolein, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and photoinitiator is 6-7:5.0-5.5:50-60:0.21-0.23; the ultraviolet irradiation treatment is a stirring state at a speed of 200-300rpm and ultraviolet irradiation at a wavelength of 365nm for 10-12h.

[0018] A preparation method of the above-mentioned anti-hair loss repair shampoo comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the Polygonum multiflorum complex, a surfactant, a chelating agent and deionized water, heating to 80-85°C, keeping warm for 15-20 minutes, adding citric acid and a preservative and stirring at 60-70°C for 20-30 minutes to obtain the shampoo.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] The shampoo involved in the present application has a formula that combines multiple ingredients such as surfactants, Polygonum multiflorum complex, citric acid, preservatives and chelating agents. While nourishing the hair, the product effectively regulates and improves the scalp environment, enhancing the strength and health of the hair. Therefore, the phenomenon of hair breakage and shedding caused by fragile hair is significantly reduced. Scalp cells are able to fully absorb nutrients, thereby maintaining fullness and vitality, strengthening the stability of hair roots in hair follicles, and thus achieving a significant effect of preventing hair loss and promoting hair growth.

[0021] The present invention forms hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues in protein molecules through compounding and modifying multiple natural components, which may lead to changes in the structure of oils and proteins, making them easier to be decomposed and removed by cleaning components, thereby improving the decontamination ability of shampoo. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the embodiments.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] An anti-hair loss repairing shampoo comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0025] 36 parts of surfactant, 10 parts of Polygonum multiflorum complex, 0.2 parts of citric acid, 1 part of preservative, 0.1 parts of chelating agent and 100 parts of deionized water.

[0026] The surfactant is composed of cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl amphoacetate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl alanine and propylene glycol laurate in a mass ratio of 10:3:5.5:1.2:1.3:6.

[0027] The preservative consists of phenoxyethanol and sodium benzoate in a mass ratio of 1:1.2.

[0028] The chelating agent is EDTA-4Na.

[0029] The preparation method of an anti-hair loss repairing shampoo comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a polygonum multiflorum complex, a surfactant, a chelating agent and deionized water, heating the mixture to 80 DEG C, keeping the mixture warm for 15 minutes, adding citric acid and a preservative and stirring the mixture at 60 DEG C for 20 minutes to obtain the shampoo.

[0030] Wherein, the preparation of the Polygonum multiflorum complex comprises the following steps:

[0031] 1) After deionized water and pullulan are stirred and mixed, a composite monomer is added for ultrasonic mixing, cooled to room temperature, and freeze-dried to obtain composite particles; wherein the mass ratio of the deionized water, pullulan and composite monomer is 30:5.4:0.4; the composite monomer is composed of glutamic acid and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 2.0:3.2; the stirring and mixing is performed at a speed of 500 rpm for 20 minutes; and the ultrasonic mixing is performed at a power of 200 W for 30 minutes;

[0032] 2) After the composite particles, ethanol solution and Polygonum multiflorum extract are stirred and mixed, a cross-linking monomer is added and stirred at a constant temperature, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, washed, and freeze-dried to obtain a Polygonum multiflorum complex; wherein the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol solution, Polygonum multiflorum extract and cross-linking monomer is 13:40:2.5:1.2; the stirring and mixing is stirring at a speed of 400 rpm for 30 minutes; and the constant temperature stirring is stirring at a temperature of 60°C for 6 hours.

[0033] The preparation method of the cross-linking monomer comprises the following steps: mixing α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and a photoinitiator, treating the mixture by ultraviolet irradiation, and removing the supernatant by centrifugation to obtain a cross-linking monomer; the photoinitiator is photoinitiator 1173; the mass ratio of n-hexylphenyl acrolein, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and photoinitiator is 6:5.0:50:0.21; and the ultraviolet irradiation treatment is stirring at a speed of 200 rpm and irradiating the mixture with a wavelength of 365 nm for 10 hours.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] An anti-hair loss repairing shampoo comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0036] 42 parts of surfactant, 11.5 parts of Polygonum multiflorum complex, 0.3 parts of citric acid, 1.5 parts of preservative, 0.15 parts of chelating agent and 105 parts of deionized water.

[0037] The surfactant is composed of cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl amphoacetate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl alanine and propylene glycol laurate in a mass ratio of 11:3.5:5.8:1.4:1.6:6.5.

[0038] The preservative consists of phenoxyethanol and sodium benzoate in a mass ratio of 1:1.4.

[0039] The chelating agent is EDTA-4Na.

[0040] A preparation method of an anti-hair loss repairing shampoo comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a Polygonum multiflorum complex, a surfactant, a chelating agent and deionized water, heating the mixture to 82 DEG C, keeping the mixture warm for 18 minutes, adding citric acid and a preservative and stirring the mixture at 65 DEG C for 25 minutes to obtain the shampoo.

[0041] Wherein, the preparation of the Polygonum multiflorum complex comprises the following steps:

[0042] 1) After deionized water and pullulan are stirred and mixed, a composite monomer is added for ultrasonic mixing, cooled to room temperature, and freeze-dried to obtain composite particles; wherein the mass ratio of the deionized water, pullulan and composite monomer is 35:5.8:0.5; the composite monomer is composed of glutamic acid and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 2.2:3.5; the stirring and mixing is performed at a speed of 550 rpm for 25 minutes; and the ultrasonic mixing is performed at a power of 250 W for 35 minutes;

[0043] 2) After the composite particles, ethanol solution and Polygonum multiflorum extract are stirred and mixed, a cross-linking monomer is added and stirred at a constant temperature, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, washed, and freeze-dried to obtain a Polygonum multiflorum complex; wherein the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol solution, Polygonum multiflorum extract and cross-linking monomer is 14:45:2.8:1.3; the stirring and mixing is stirring at a speed of 500 rpm for 35 minutes; and the constant temperature stirring is stirring at a temperature of 64°C for 7 hours.

[0044] The preparation method of the cross-linking monomer comprises the following steps: mixing α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and a photoinitiator, irradiating with ultraviolet light, centrifuging and removing the supernatant to obtain a cross-linking monomer; the photoinitiator is photoinitiator 1173; the mass ratio of n-hexylphenyl acrolein, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and photoinitiator is 6.5:5.2:55:0.22; the ultraviolet light irradiation treatment is stirring at a speed of 250 rpm and irradiating with ultraviolet light of a wavelength of 365 nm for 11 hours.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] An anti-hair loss repairing shampoo comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0047] 48 parts of surfactant, 13 parts of Polygonum multiflorum complex, 0.4 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of preservative, 0.2 parts of chelating agent and 110 parts of deionized water.

[0048] The surfactant is composed of cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl amphoacetate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl alanine and propylene glycol laurate in a mass ratio of 12:4:6.0:1.5:1.8:7.

[0049] The preservative consists of phenoxyethanol and sodium benzoate in a mass ratio of 1:1.5.

[0050] The chelating agent is EDTA-4Na.

[0051] The invention discloses a method for preparing an anti-hair loss repairing shampoo, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing a polygonum multiflorum complex, a surfactant, a chelating agent and deionized water, heating the mixture to 85 DEG C, keeping the mixture warm for 20 minutes, adding citric acid and a preservative and stirring the mixture at 70 DEG C for 30 minutes to obtain the shampoo.

[0052] Wherein, the preparation of the Polygonum multiflorum complex comprises the following steps:

[0053] 1) After deionized water and pullulan are stirred and mixed, a composite monomer is added for ultrasonic mixing, cooled to room temperature, and freeze-dried to obtain composite particles; wherein the mass ratio of the deionized water, pullulan and composite monomer is 40:6.2:0.6; the composite monomer is composed of glutamic acid and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 2.3:3.8; the stirring and mixing is performed at a speed of 600 rpm for 30 minutes; and the ultrasonic mixing is performed at a power of 300 W for 40 minutes;

[0054] 2) After the composite particles, ethanol solution and Polygonum multiflorum extract are stirred and mixed, a cross-linking monomer is added and stirred at a constant temperature, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, washed, and freeze-dried to obtain a Polygonum multiflorum complex; wherein the mass ratio of the composite particles, ethanol solution, Polygonum multiflorum extract and cross-linking monomer is 15:50:3.0:1.4; the stirring and mixing is stirring at a speed of 600 rpm for 40 minutes; and the constant temperature stirring is stirring at a temperature of 68°C for 8 hours.

[0055] The preparation method of the cross-linking monomer comprises the following steps: mixing α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and a photoinitiator, irradiating the mixture with ultraviolet light, and removing the supernatant by centrifugation to obtain a cross-linking monomer; the photoinitiator is photoinitiator 1173; the mass ratio of n-hexylphenyl acrolein, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and photoinitiator is 7:5.5:60:0.23; and the ultraviolet light irradiation treatment is stirring at a speed of 300 rpm and irradiating the mixture with a wavelength of 365 nm for 12 hours.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that pullulan is not used, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the composite monomer of Comparative Example 2 is glutamic acid, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0060] Comparative Example 3

[0061] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the composite monomer of Comparative Example 3 is phenylalanine, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0062] Comparative Example 4

[0063] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that Comparative Example 4 does not use a composite monomer, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0064] Comparative Example 5

[0065] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that Comparative Example 5 uses α-hexylcinnamaldehyde instead of the cross-linking monomer, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0066] Comparative Example 6

[0067] Compared with Example 2, the difference is that Comparative Example 6 does not use a cross-linking monomer, and the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.

[0068] The shampoo samples prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were respectively tested as follows.

[0069] Anti-hair loss effect test:

[0070] Before the shampooing test, volunteers need to comb their hair 3 hours in advance to remove the fallen hair. After combing, the hair should be wrapped with a shower cap and wait for shampooing in an environment maintained at a temperature of 25±3℃. During this period, avoid strenuous exercise. When shampooing, the water temperature should be controlled at 37±1℃. All waste water generated during the shampooing process should be collected in a bucket. Before the end of shampooing, comb the hair again with a comb to ensure that all the fallen hair is rinsed into the bucket. Then, use a filter to filter the water in the bucket, count the filtered fallen hair and record the number of roots in detail. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0071] The growth rate of hair loss for each volunteer on the 40th day after using the corresponding shampoo sample and on the first day of use was calculated using the following formula:

[0072] Growth rate of hair loss (%) = (number of hair loss on the 40th day - number of hair loss on the 1st day) / number of hair loss on the 1st day * 100%;

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] From the test results in Table 1, it can be seen that compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, the shampoo prepared in Examples 1-3 of the present invention has a significant anti-hair loss effect.

[0077] Grease removal test: 27 volunteers aged between 25 and 40 were selected and divided into 9 groups. Shampoo samples (Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-6) were used to clean their hair. The moisture content and oil content of the stratum corneum were tested on the left forehead, right forehead, left occipital and four front and back scalp areas of the volunteers, and the initial data were recorded. On the 0th day, 14th day and 28th day after the samples were provided, the volunteers were asked to return after washing their hair the day before the test, and the change in the amount of scalp oil secretion after using the samples was recorded, and the skin oil tester was used for observation. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0078] Oil change rate (%) = (oil secretion on day n - oil secretion on day 0) / oil secretion on day 0 * 100%;

[0079] Table 2

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] From the test results in Table 2, it can be seen that compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, the shampoo prepared in Examples 1-3 has a significant grease removal effect.

[0083] The present invention forms a composite carrier through pullulan and amino acid monomers to promote the Polygonum multiflorum extract. The amino acid monomer can promote the Polygonum multiflorum extract to adhere to the pullulan through the amino group and the carboxyl group. The pullulan can protect the Polygonum multiflorum extract from the external environment (such as ultraviolet rays, pollutants, etc.), can form a protective film on the surface of the hair, and reduce the evaporation of water in the hair. While moisturizing the hair, it also enhances the gloss and smoothness of the hair. Pullulan is a natural polysaccharide with good biocompatibility and low irritation, and can reduce the irritation of the Polygonum multiflorum extract to the skin.

[0084] The invention uses α-hexylcinnamaldehyde and thiomalic acid to form a cross-linked monomer, introduces multiple carboxyl groups, and can increase the ability to remove grease. Glutamic acid and phenylalanine are compounded to ensure more carboxyl groups while introducing a benzene ring structure to further increase stability and decontamination ability. Then, the aldehyde group and the amino group of the amino acid monomer are used to form a Schiff base compound with better stability. The Schiff base compound can adsorb and coat the Polygonum multiflorum extract, control its release amount, and reduce its irritation to the skin. The nitrogen atom in the Schiff base structure combines with the carboxyl group to form a hydrogen bond with the amino acid residue in the protein molecule, which may lead to changes in the structure of grease and protein, making it easier to be decomposed and removed by the cleaning component, thereby improving the decontamination ability of the shampoo.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any indirect modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-hair loss repair shampoo, characterized in that: The components include the following by weight: 36-48 parts of surfactant, 10-13 parts of Polygonum multiflorum complex, 0.2-0.4 parts of citric acid, 1-2 parts of preservative, 0.1-0.2 parts of chelating agent and 100-110 parts of deionized water; Wherein, the preparation of the Polygonum multiflorum complex comprises the following steps: 1) After deionized water and pullulan are stirred and mixed, a composite monomer is added and ultrasonically mixed, and after cooling to room temperature, freeze-drying is performed to obtain composite particles; 2) After the composite particles, ethanol solution and Polygonum multiflorum extract are stirred and mixed, a cross-linking monomer is added and stirred at a constant temperature, cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, washed, and freeze-dried to obtain a Polygonum multiflorum complex.

2. The anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is composed of cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl amphoacetate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl alanine and propylene glycol laurate in a mass ratio of 10-12:3-4:5.5-6.0:1.2-1.5:1.3-1.8:6-7.

3. The anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservative is composed of phenoxyethanol and sodium benzoate in a mass ratio of 1:1.2-1.5; and the chelating agent is EDTA-4Na.

4. The anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the mass ratio of deionized water, pullulan and complex monomer is 30-40:5.4-6.2:0.4-0.6; the complex monomer is composed of glutamic acid and phenylalanine in a mass ratio of 2.0-2.3:3.2-3.

8.

5. The anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the stirring and mixing is performed at a rotation speed of 500-600 rpm for 20-30 min; and the ultrasonic mixing is performed at a power of 200-300 W for 30-40 min.

6. The anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the mass ratio of the composite particles, the ethanol solution, the Polygonum multiflorum extract and the cross-linking monomer is 13-15:40-50:2.5-3.0:1.2-1.

4.

7. The anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the stirring and mixing is stirring at a rotation speed of 400-600 rpm for 30-40 min; the constant temperature stirring is stirring at a temperature of 60-68° C. for 6-8 h.

8. The anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the cross-linking monomer comprises: mixing α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and a photoinitiator, irradiating with ultraviolet rays, and centrifuging to remove the supernatant to obtain the cross-linking monomer.

9. The anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the preparation of the cross-linking monomer, the photoinitiator is photoinitiator 1173; the mass ratio of n-hexylphenyl acrolein, thiomalic acid, anhydrous ethanol and photoinitiator is 6-7: 5.0-5.5: 50-60: 0.21-0.23; the ultraviolet irradiation treatment is stirring at a speed of 200-300 rpm and irradiating with ultraviolet light of 365 nm wavelength for 10-12 hours.

10. A method for preparing the anti-hair loss repairing shampoo according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the Polygonum multiflorum complex, a surfactant, a chelating agent and deionized water, heating to 80-85°C, keeping the temperature for 15-20 minutes, adding citric acid and a preservative and stirring at 60-70°C for 20-30 minutes to obtain the product.

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