Defluorination purification method and device based on waste lithium battery pyrolysis recovery flue gas

Abstract

The application discloses a defluorination purification method and device based on waste lithium battery pyrolysis flue gas recovery, relates to the technical field of waste battery recovery, and aims to solve the problem that battery pyrolysis flue gas cannot be normally recovered due to the inability to dynamically adjust the liquid supplement amount and the lag of liquid supplement action. The absorption tower body, the liquid supplement assembly and the dynamic liquid supplement platform are adopted, the rotatable release structure is used to supplement the liquid in time according to the concentration of the adsorbed liquid, the utilization rate of the sprayed liquid is relieved, the adjustable liquid inlet valve is used to dynamically adjust the liquid supplement amount according to the flue gas concentration, the mixed stirring structure with the functions of intermittent forward and reverse rotation is used to accurately and intelligently supplement the absorption liquid, the double-accepting structure is arranged to reduce the liquid flow bubbles in the absorption liquid supplement process, and the three effects are combined to enable the liquid supplement assembly to effectively realize the dynamic adjustment of the liquid supplement amount and the timely targeted regulation of the drug concentration.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste battery recycling, in particular to a defluorination purification method and device for pyrolysis recycling flue gas of waste lithium batteries. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of lithium battery recycling industry, the treatment of fluorine-containing pollutants (such as HF, fluorine-containing acid gas) in the flue gas generated by pyrolysis process has become a key environmental problem. In the traditional defluorination purification method, the addition of absorbent (such as lime milk, lye, etc.) is the core link of neutralizing acid gas, but the automation defects in the liquid supplementing process directly lead to the following problems: manual liquid supplementing is difficult to match the flue gas flow and fluoride concentration in real time, resulting in excess or insufficient absorbent, affecting the reaction completeness; the lag in liquid supplementing causes waste of absorbent (such as lime milk is discharged before complete reaction), and frequent shutdown for equipment maintenance further reduces production efficiency; the non-intelligent liquid supplementing system is prone to pipe scaling, nozzle clogging and equipment corrosion due to out-of-control pH value; defluorination efficiency fluctuation, increased operating cost and decreased equipment reliability;

[0003] In connection with the above-mentioned description, in the current mainstream technical solution, the liquid supplementing system of the absorbent has the following technical bottlenecks: first, most systems use fixed-flow liquid supplementing pumps, which do not dynamically adjust the liquid supplementing amount in combination with online monitoring data (such as HF concentration, flow rate, pH value) of the flue gas, resulting in insufficient utilization of the absorbent; second, there is a lack of closed-loop control system with multi-parameter feedback (such as linkage algorithm based on pH sensor, flow meter and fluoride ion detector), and the liquid supplementing action lags behind the working condition changes, affecting the normal recycling of the flue gas from the pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries.

[0004] Therefore, the present application proposes a solution. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a defluorination purification method and device for pyrolysis recycling flue gas of waste lithium batteries, to solve the problem of inability to dynamically adjust the liquid supplementing amount and the lag in liquid supplementing action, which causes the flue gas from battery pyrolysis to be unable to be normally recycled.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solution: a defluorination purification device for pyrolysis recycling flue gas of waste lithium batteries, comprising an absorption tower body and a liquid supplementing assembly, the liquid supplementing assembly is communicatively connected with a dynamic liquid supplementing platform, the dynamic liquid supplementing platform comprises a processor, a flue gas component monitoring module, an action execution monitoring module, a real-time working condition linkage module and a closed-loop control module;

[0007] The flue gas component monitoring module is used to collect the emission factor in the operation process of the absorption tower body, and send the emission factor to the real-time working condition linkage module through the processor; the action execution monitoring module is used to obtain the parameter feedback value of the liquid supplementing assembly, and send the parameter feedback value to the real-time working condition linkage module through the processor;

[0008] The real-time working condition linkage module combines the received emission factor and parameter feedback value to form a liquid supplementing coefficient, compares the liquid supplementing coefficient with a preset liquid supplementing coefficient threshold value to generate a positive feedback adjustment signal and a negative feedback adjustment signal, and sends the positive feedback adjustment signal and the negative feedback adjustment signal to the closed-loop control module to execute relevant actions.

[0009] Further, the liquid supplementing assembly includes a liquid supplementing tank and a medicine adding tank, the liquid supplementing tank and the medicine adding tank are connected through a communication pipe, the output end of the liquid supplementing tank is connected with the top spraying device of the absorption tower body, and a liquid inlet pipe of a preset adjusting valve for supplementing absorption liquid is installed on the top of the liquid supplementing tank; a liquid preparation valve body is installed on the inner top of the liquid supplementing tank, a floating box is suspended on the inner bottom of the liquid preparation valve body, and a liquid supplementing valve matched with the inner top of the liquid preparation valve body is connected to the upper end of the floating box.

[0010] Further, a fixed cover is installed on the top of the medicine adding tank, a medicine mixing pipe is inserted in the middle of the fixed cover, a medicine outlet is formed on the medicine mixing pipe, a medicine adding pipe is rotatably installed in the medicine mixing pipe, a medicine adding disc corresponding to the medicine outlet is sleeved on the medicine adding pipe, and a matching port matched with the medicine outlet is formed on the medicine adding disc.

[0011] Further, swing holes are symmetrically formed on the upper end of the medicine mixing pipe, and a stirring rod facing the bottom of the medicine adding tank is installed on the upper end of the medicine adding pipe corresponding to the swing holes.

[0012] Further, an electric motor is arranged above the fixed cover, a driving disc is connected to the output end of the electric motor and faces downward, and a driven disc frictionally connected with the driving disc is installed on the upper end of the medicine adding pipe extending to the upper side of the fixed cover.

[0013] Further, guide columns for guiding the floating box up and down are symmetrically installed on the bottom of the liquid supplementing tank, a follow-up rod is installed on the upper end of the floating box, and a spring connected with the liquid supplementing valve is installed on the follow-up rod.

[0014] Further, a bearing disc is installed on the upper end of the floating box, the bearing disc is a conical hollow structure and a seepage hole is formed on the side of the bearing disc, a liquid containing sleeve is installed on the upper end of the liquid supplementing valve, and the liquid containing sleeve is a cylindrical hollow structure and a liquid passing hole is formed on the side of the liquid containing sleeve.

[0015] Further arrangement is: the defluorination purification method based on waste lithium battery pyrolysis recovery flue gas, it includes the following steps: a: real-time monitoring and obtaining the flue gas composition data in the absorption tower body and the absorption liquid parameters in the liquid supplement tank and the dosing tank;B: the absorption liquid parameters in the liquid supplement tank and the dosing tank are used in conjunction with the flue gas composition data in the absorption tower body to guide the dynamic adjustment of the absorption liquid concentration and the absorption liquid flow;C: the absorption liquid flow in the liquid supplement tank and the absorption liquid concentration in the dosing tank are adjusted;D: absorption liquid is pumped into the absorption tower body to complete the linkage spraying.

[0016] The present application has the following advantages:

[0017] 1, the present application is aimed at the problem that the battery pyrolysis flue gas cannot be normally recovered due to the dynamic adjustment of the liquid supplement amount and the lag of the liquid supplement action;The rotatable release structure can supplement the absorption liquid in time according to the concentration of the adsorbed liquid, so that the utilization rate of the sprayed liquid is improved, and the adjustable inlet valve can dynamically adjust the liquid supplement amount and the mixed stirring structure with intermittent forward and reverse rotation to realize the accurate and intelligent supplement of the absorption liquid, and the double receiving structure is arranged to reduce the liquid flow bubbles in the absorption liquid supplement process;The three effects together can effectively realize the dynamic adjustment of the liquid supplement amount and the timely targeted regulation of the drug concentration;

[0018] 2, in the defluorination purification process, when the absorption liquid utilization rate is insufficient in the absorption tower body, the PH sensor, flowmeter and fluoride ion detector in the absorption tower body and liquid supplement assembly obtain the emission factor and parameter feedback value in real time, and guide the closed-loop control module to perform relevant guiding actions under the analysis of the real-time working condition linkage module: action one: judge the fluorine-containing flue gas concentration in the absorption tower body, specifically, the fluoride ion detector arranged in the absorption tower body is used for monitoring, if the absorption liquid utilization rate is insufficient, action two is started immediately;Action two: according to the linkage of the rotatable release structure and the adjustable inlet valve, the proportion of absorption stock solution and liquid is adjusted, and the flow is adjusted synchronously, so that the fluorine-containing flue gas concentration in the absorption tower body is adaptively reduced, the liquid supplement action is guided in time according to the working condition change, and the normal recovery efficiency of waste lithium battery pyrolysis flue gas is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating any inventive labor.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fluid replenishment component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the fluid replenishment component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the fluid replenishment component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the dosing assembly structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid replenishment valve of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Absorption tower body; 2. Liquid replenishment assembly; 3. Liquid replenishment tank; 4. Dosing tank; 5. Liquid dispensing valve body; 6. Inlet pipe; 7. Fixed cover; 8. Liquid replenishment valve; 9. Floating box; 10. Guide column; 11. Support plate; 12. Seepage hole; 13. Liquid holding sleeve; 14. Liquid passage hole; 15. Connecting pipe; 16. Mixing pipe; 17. Dosing outlet; 18. Stirring rod; 19. Driven plate; 20. Spring; 21. Follower rod; 22. Fixed frame; 23. Dosing pipe; 24. Dosing plate; 25. Mating port; 26. Motor; 27. Driven plate; 28. Swing hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: To address the problem of inability to properly recover battery pyrolysis flue gas due to the inability to dynamically adjust the replenishment volume and the lag in replenishment action, the following technical solution is proposed:

[0029] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, the defluorination purification device based on the pyrolysis recovery of flue gas from waste lithium batteries in this embodiment includes an absorption tower 1 and a replenishment component 2. The replenishment component 2 is communicatively connected to a dynamic replenishment platform. The replenishment component 2 includes a replenishment tank 3 and a dosing tank 4. The replenishment tank 3 and the dosing tank 4 are connected by a connecting pipe 15. The output end of the replenishment tank 3 is connected to the top spray device of the absorption tower 1. The top of the replenishment tank 3 is equipped with an inlet pipe 6 for a preset regulating valve for replenishing the absorbent liquid. A liquid distribution valve body 5 is installed at the top of the replenishment tank 3. A floating box 9 is suspended at the bottom of the liquid distribution valve body 5. The upper end of the floating box 9 is connected to a replenishment valve 8 that cooperates with the top of the liquid distribution valve body 5.

[0030] The top of the medicine adding tank 4 is provided with a fixed cover 7, a medicine mixing pipe 16 is inserted in the middle of the fixed cover 7, and a medicine outlet 17 is formed on the medicine mixing pipe 16. A medicine adding pipe 23 is rotatably installed in the medicine mixing pipe 16, and a medicine adding disc 24 corresponding to the medicine outlet 17 is sleeved on the medicine adding pipe 23. The medicine adding disc 24 is provided with a matching port 25 matched with the medicine outlet 17. The upper end of the medicine mixing pipe 16 is symmetrically provided with a swing hole 28, and the upper end of the medicine adding pipe 23 is provided with a stirring rod 18 facing the bottom of the medicine adding tank 4;

[0031] An electric machine 26 is arranged above the fixed cover 7, and a driving disc 27 is connected to the output end of the electric machine 26 and faces downward. The upper end of the medicine adding pipe 23 extends to the upper side of the fixed cover 7 and is provided with a driven disc 19 frictionally connected with the driving disc 27. The bottom of the liquid supplementing tank 3 is symmetrically provided with a guide column 10 for guiding the floating box 9 up and down, and the upper end of the floating box 9 is provided with a follow-up rod 21. The follow-up rod 21 is provided with a spring 20 connected with the liquid supplementing valve 8.

[0032] The upper end of the floating box 9 is provided with a bearing disc 11 which is a conical hollow structure and is provided with a seepage hole 12 on the side. The upper end of the liquid supplementing valve 8 is provided with a liquid containing sleeve 13 which is a cylindrical hollow structure and is provided with a liquid passing hole 14 on the side.

[0033] Basic principle: with the attached Figure 4 It is explained that through the linkage and cooperation of the medicine adding tank 4 and the liquid supplementing tank 3, the supplement of the adsorbed liquid medicine can immediately respond when the concentration is insufficient. The rotatable release structure composed of the medicine adding pipe 23 and the medicine adding disc 24 can timely supplement according to the concentration of the adsorbed liquid medicine, so that the utilization rate of the sprayed liquid medicine of the absorption tower body 1 is relieved. The liquid inlet pipe 6 of the adjustable liquid inlet valve can also dynamically adjust the liquid supplementing amount according to the flue gas concentration in the absorption tower body 1 in real time. Based on the communication principle of the U-shaped pipe, the spraying liquid demand of the absorption tower body 1 is adapted, so that the whole liquid supplementing assembly can effectively realize dynamic adjustment of the liquid supplementing amount and timely targeted regulation of the liquid medicine concentration. Finally, the accurate and intelligent supplement of the absorption liquid is realized, and the battery pyrolysis flue gas is normally recovered.

[0034] It needs to be noted that: by the linkage of the medicated tank 4 and the liquid supplement tank 3, the supplement of the adsorbed liquid is realized immediately when the concentration is insufficient, and at the same time, the mixing and stirring mechanism with intermittent forward and reverse rotation is used to realize the mixing of the medicated liquid. When the medicated pipe 23 is in action, the motor 26 is started and drives the driven disc 19 to rotate forward and reverse through the driving disc 27. At this time, the medicated pipe 23 and the medicated disc 24 in the mixing pipe 16 are intermittently rotated forward and reverse, that is, the matching port 25 on the medicated disc 24 is intermittently connected with the medicine outlet port 17, and the stirring rod 18 also rotates forward and reverse through the swing hole 28. In this process, the adsorbed liquid is intermittently released into the medicated tank 4 through the communication port, and the mixing and stirring action makes the liquid and the original adsorbed liquid mix quickly, which is suitable for subsequent injection into the absorption tower body 1 for spraying;

[0035] Moreover, the floating box 9 and the liquid supplement valve 8 are arranged in the liquid supplement tank 3, and the bearing disc 11 and the liquid holding sleeve 13 are arranged on the floating box 9 and the liquid supplement valve 8 respectively. After the adsorbed liquid is injected through the liquid inlet pipe 6, it is downwardly pressed through the liquid holding sleeve 13 and overcomes the spring force of the spring 20 to complete the liquid injection. Again, the bearing effect of the bearing disc 11 reduces the impact of the supplement liquid on the original adsorbed liquid, thereby greatly reducing the liquid level fluctuation of the adsorbed liquid in the liquid supplement assembly 2, reducing the generation of liquid flow bubbles in the adsorbed liquid supplement process, and making the adsorbed liquid spraying in the absorption tower body 1 have a stable effect.

[0036] As can be seen from the above, the real-time supplement according to the concentration of the adsorbed liquid by the rotatable release structure can alleviate the phenomenon of insufficient utilization of the sprayed liquid, and the dynamic adjustment of the supplement amount according to the flue gas concentration and the intermittent forward and reverse rotation of the mixing and stirring structure can realize the accurate and intelligent supplement of the adsorbed liquid. Combined with the arrangement of the double bearing structure to reduce the liquid flow bubbles in the adsorbed liquid supplement process, the three effects together can effectively realize the dynamic adjustment of the supplement amount and the timely targeted regulation of the drug concentration.

[0037] Example two: based on example one, the dynamic liquid supplement platform is further optimized intelligently:

[0038] The dynamic liquid supplement platform comprises a processor, a flue gas component monitoring module, an action execution monitoring module, a real-time working condition linkage module and a closed-loop control module.

[0039] The flue gas component monitoring module is used to collect the emission factor in the operation process of the absorption tower body 1, and send the emission factor to the real-time working condition linkage module through the processor. The action execution monitoring module is used to obtain the parameter feedback value of the liquid supplement assembly 2, and send the parameter feedback value to the real-time working condition linkage module through the processor.

[0040] The flue gas component monitoring module is used to obtain the HF concentration value, flow rate and pH value of the flue gas discharged from the absorption tower body 1, and are marked as C1, Q1 and pH1 respectively. The action execution monitoring module is used to obtain the absorption liquid replenishing agent concentration value, flow rate value and pH value in the liquid replenishing tank 3 and the medicament tank 4, and are marked as C2, Q2 and pH2 respectively. The HF concentration value, flow rate and pH value of the flue gas discharged from the absorption tower body 1 constitute a curve diagram in the first quadrant of the coordinate system with the monitoring time node as the horizontal coordinate, which is the discharge factor. The absorption liquid replenishing agent concentration value, flow rate value and pH value in the liquid replenishing tank 3 and the medicament tank 4 are the parameter feedback value with the monitoring time node as the horizontal coordinate in the curve diagram in the first quadrant of the coordinate system.

[0041] It should be noted that the absorption liquid replenishing agent concentration value, flow rate value and pH value are measured by the pH sensor and flow meter arranged in the liquid replenishing tank 3 and the medicament tank 4 in real time. The HF concentration value, flow rate and pH value of the flue gas discharged from the absorption tower body 1 are measured by the pH sensor, flow meter and fluorine ion detector arranged in the absorption tower body 1. The arrangement positions of the above-mentioned sensors can be determined by the person skilled in the art according to the actual situation, provided that the arrangement does not interfere with the smooth progress of the defluorination purification.

[0042] The real-time working condition linkage module combines the discharge factor and the parameter feedback value to form a liquid replenishing coefficient. The liquid replenishing coefficient is compared with the preset liquid replenishing coefficient threshold value to generate positive feedback adjustment signals and negative feedback adjustment signals. The positive feedback adjustment signals and the negative feedback adjustment signals are sent to the closed-loop control module to perform related actions.

[0043] The two multi-parameter curve diagrams are cross-coincident. The discharge factor is used as the minuend, and the parameter feedback value is used as the subtrahend. The difference value of the same horizontal coordinate of the vertical coordinates of each parameter is calculated to obtain the liquid replenishing coefficient. The liquid replenishing coefficient is compared with the liquid replenishing coefficient threshold value, which is 0 here.

[0044] If the difference value is greater than 0, it indicates that the HF concentration value, flow rate and pH value in the current absorption tower body 1 are all greater than the absorption liquid replenishing agent concentration value, flow rate value and pH value in the liquid replenishing assembly 2. At this time, the negative feedback adjustment signal is generated and sent to the closed-loop control module.

[0045] If the difference value is equal to 0, it indicates that the HF concentration value, flow rate and pH value in the current absorption tower body 1 are the same as the absorption liquid replenishing agent concentration value, flow rate value and pH value in the liquid replenishing assembly 2. No signal is generated.

[0046] If the difference is less than 0, it indicates that the HF concentration value, flow rate and pH value in the current absorption tower body 1 are all less than the absorption liquid replenishing agent concentration value, flow rate value and pH value in the liquid replenishing assembly 2, at this time a positive feedback adjustment signal is generated and sent to the closed-loop control module;

[0047] The closed-loop control module receives the positive feedback adjustment signal and the negative feedback adjustment signal and performs the following actions:

[0048] When receiving the positive feedback adjustment signal: at this time, the motor 26 drives the dosing pipe 23 to rotate, and the matching port 25 on the dosing disc 24 coincides with the dosing port 17, at this time the maximum concentration of the injected liquid can be injected and the pH value can be adjusted at the same time; at the same time, the adjusting valve controls the flow rate adjustment of the absorption liquid injection, and the injection flow rate of the absorption liquid is expanded to achieve the defluorination purification purpose of the fluorine-containing pollutants in the absorption tower body 1;

[0049] When receiving the negative feedback adjustment signal: at this time, the motor 26 drives the dosing pipe 23 to rotate, and the matching port 25 on the dosing disc 24 rotates to an interlaced state with the dosing port 17, at this time the minimum concentration of the injected liquid can be injected and the pH value can be adjusted at the same time; at the same time, the adjusting valve controls the flow rate adjustment of the absorption liquid injection, and the injection flow rate of the absorption liquid is reduced to achieve the defluorination purification purpose of the fluorine-containing pollutants in the absorption tower body 1.

[0050] The basic principle of the dynamic liquid replenishing platform in the application is as follows:

[0051] When the absorption tower body 1 has an insufficient absorption liquid utilization rate, the PH sensor, flow meter and fluorine ion detector in the absorption tower body 1 and the liquid replenishing assembly 2 obtain the emission factor and parameter feedback value in real time, and under the analysis of the real-time working condition linkage module, the closed-loop control module is guided to perform relevant guiding actions:

[0052] Action one: judge the fluorine-containing flue gas concentration in the absorption tower body 1, which is monitored by the fluorine ion detector arranged in the absorption tower body 1, if the absorption liquid utilization rate is insufficient, action two is started immediately;

[0053] Action two: according to the linkage cooperation of the rotatable release structure and the adjustable liquid inlet valve, the proportion of the absorption stock solution and the liquid is adjusted, and the flow rate is adjusted at the same time, so that the fluorine-containing flue gas concentration in the absorption tower body 1 is adaptively reduced, the liquid replenishing action is guided in time according to the working condition change, and the normal recovery efficiency of the waste lithium battery pyrolysis flue gas is improved.

[0054] Embodiment three: it can be known from embodiments one and two that the defluorination purification method based on the waste lithium battery pyrolysis recovery flue gas comprises the following steps:

[0055] a: Real-time monitoring and obtaining flue gas composition data in the absorption tower body 1 and absorption liquid parameters in the liquid supplement tank 3 and the liquid supplement tank 4;

[0056] b: Dynamic adjustment of liquid supplement amount and absorption liquid concentration guided by flue gas composition data in the absorption tower body 1 and absorption liquid parameters in the liquid supplement tank 3 and the liquid supplement tank 4;

[0057] c: Adjusting absorption liquid flow in the liquid supplement tank 3 and absorption liquid concentration in the liquid supplement tank 4;

[0058] d: Pumping absorption liquid into the absorption tower body 1 to complete linkage type spraying.

[0059] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "an example", "a specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. The preferred embodiments of the present application disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present application. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details and limit the present application to only the specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A defluorination and purification device based on flue gas recovery from the pyrolysis of waste lithium batteries, characterized in that, The system includes an absorption tower and a liquid replenishment assembly. The liquid replenishment assembly is communicatively connected to a dynamic liquid replenishment platform. The dynamic liquid replenishment platform includes a processor, a flue gas composition monitoring module, an action execution monitoring module, a real-time operating condition linkage module, and a closed-loop control module. The flue gas composition monitoring module collects emission factors during the operation of the absorption tower and sends these emission factors to the real-time operating condition linkage module via the processor. The action execution monitoring module obtains parameter feedback values ​​from the liquid replenishment assembly and sends these parameter feedback values ​​to the real-time operating condition linkage module via the processor. The real-time operating condition linkage module combines the received emission factors and parameter feedback values ​​to form a replenishment coefficient. Based on the comparison and analysis between the replenishment coefficient and the preset replenishment coefficient threshold, it generates positive feedback adjustment signals and negative feedback adjustment signals, and sends the positive feedback adjustment signals and negative feedback adjustment signals to the closed-loop control module to execute relevant actions. The replenishment component includes a replenishment tank and a dosing tank, which are connected by a connecting pipe. The output end of the replenishment tank is connected to the spray device at the top of the absorption tower, and the top of the replenishment tank is equipped with an inlet pipe for a preset regulating valve for replenishing the absorbent. A dispensing valve body is installed at the top of the replenishment tank, and a floating box is suspended at the bottom of the dispensing valve body. The upper end of the floating box is connected to a replenishment valve that cooperates with the top of the dispensing valve body. The top of the dosing tank is equipped with a fixed cover, a mixing tube is inserted into the middle of the fixed cover, and a dispensing port is opened on the mixing tube. A dosing tube is rotatably installed inside the mixing tube, and a dosing disc corresponding to the dispensing port is connected to the dosing tube. A mating port matching the dispensing port is opened on the dosing disc. The upper end of the mixing tube is symmetrically provided with swing holes, and the upper end of the dosing tube is provided with a stirring rod facing the bottom of the dosing tank corresponding to the swing holes. A motor is installed above the fixed cover, and the output end of the motor is connected to a drive disc facing downwards. The upper end of the dosing tube extends to the top of the fixed cover and is equipped with a driven disc that is rubbed against the drive disc. The bottom of the replenishment tank is symmetrically equipped with guide posts for guiding the floating box up and down, and the upper end of the floating box is equipped with a follower rod, on which a spring connected to the replenishment valve is installed. The upper end of the floating box is equipped with a support plate, which is a conical hollow structure with seepage holes on the side. The upper end of the replenishing valve is equipped with a liquid-holding sleeve, which is a cylindrical hollow structure with liquid passage holes on the side.

2. A method for defluorination and purification of flue gas from the pyrolysis of spent lithium batteries, characterized in that, The defluorination and purification device based on the pyrolysis recovery flue gas of waste lithium batteries as described in claim 1 includes the following steps: a: The emission factors of the flue gas inside the absorption tower are collected by the flue gas composition monitoring module, and the parameter feedback values ​​of the absorbent liquid in the replenishment tank and the dosing tank are obtained by the action execution monitoring module. The data are monitored in real time and transmitted to the processor. b: The real-time operating condition linkage module combines the emission factor with the parameter feedback value to construct the replenishment coefficient, compares it with the preset replenishment coefficient threshold to generate positive / negative feedback adjustment signals, and guides the dynamic adjustment of replenishment volume and absorbent concentration accordingly. c: The closed-loop control module performs the adjustment: it controls the inlet pipe regulating valve of the replenishment tank to adjust the flow rate of the absorbent liquid, controls the motor of the dosing tank to drive the dosing pipe to rotate, and adjusts the concentration of the absorbent liquid through the intermittent connection between the dosing plate and the mixing pipe. At the same time, it completes the replenishment by using the cooperation of the floating box-replenishment valve and the double receiving structure. d: Pump absorbent into the absorption tower and spray it through the top spray device to achieve flue gas defluorination and purification.

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