Welding device for manufacturing beam-pumping unit horse head

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pumping unit horsehead manufacturing, in particular to a welding device for beam-pumping unit horsehead manufacturing, which comprises a worktable and welding robots arranged on two sides of the worktable. The angle adjusting assembly is arranged in the middle of the top face of the workbench, a positioning box is arranged on the angle adjusting assembly, and the angle adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the placing angle of the positioning box; the clamping assembly is arranged above the positioning box, a horsehead body needing to be welded is placed on the clamping assembly, and the clamping assembly is used for clamping and fixing the horsehead body; a self-adaptive vibration module used for assisting welding is further arranged in the clamping assembly. Compared with the prior art, the system has the advantages that the bearing layer is arranged to be matched with the self-adaptive vibration module, so that the system can achieve precise vibration control of 0.5-2 microns during welding and has the mechanical strength required by 20-micron large-amplitude impact in the cleaning stage, and the overall welding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing oil pumping unit heads, in particular to a welding device for manufacturing beam pumping unit heads. Background Art

[0002] The donkey head is one of the important components of the walking beam oil pumping unit. Its main function is to connect the walking beam and the sucker rod, and to withstand periodic loads during the pumping process. Therefore, the welding quality of the donkey head directly affects the operating stability and service life of the oil pumping unit. In the production and manufacturing process of the donkey head, welding is usually used to splice multiple steel plates into shape, and then subsequent machining and assembly are carried out.

[0003] In the prior art, a Chinese patent document with the announcement number CN206445443U proposes that both side plates are positioned by side plate positioning columns in a pumping unit welding tool, so the positions of the two side plates relative to the upper surface of the platform are determined; because the relative position of the rotating shaft of the ruler and the platform is fixed, and the radius of the ruler is equal to the radius of the arc plate, the arc formed by the free end of the ruler on the side plate is the positioning position of the arc plate on the side plate. The arc plate can be correctly positioned according to the arc drawn by the ruler. During the assembly of the donkey head, because the side plates are horizontally arranged and the arc plates are directly placed on the side plates, there is no need to suspend the side plates and the arc plates, thereby reducing the complexity of operation and the risk factor. However, consistent with the traditional method, the traditional device usually uses a fixed clamp to clamp the workpiece, lacking an adaptive adjustment function, resulting in the need to manually replace the clamp or perform cumbersome adjustments when replacing the donkey head body of different specifications, which increases the clamping time and affects the production efficiency. At the same time, most traditional clamping mechanisms use a single rigid clamping method. During the welding process, the workpiece may be displaced or deformed due to welding stress and high temperature thermal deformation. Deformation affects the welding accuracy. Secondly, the traditional welding device lacks active vibration auxiliary function. The fluidity of the molten pool metal is poor during welding, and it is easy to produce defects such as pores and slag inclusions, which affect the quality of the weld. At the same time, due to the lack of vibration disturbance mechanism, the heat distribution of the molten pool during welding is uneven, resulting in local overheating or uneven cooling, which in turn affects the mechanical properties of the weld. In addition, the welding slag generated by welding usually relies on manual knocking or brushing for cleaning, which has low cleaning efficiency and is easy to damage the surface of the workpiece, affecting the final product quality. Therefore, this application discloses a welding device for manufacturing walking beam pump donkey heads. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a welding device for manufacturing walking beam pumping unit donkey heads, so as to solve the problems that traditional welding devices have a single clamping method and lack of adaptive adjustment, resulting in cumbersome clamping and welding accuracy being affected by thermal deformation, and lack of active vibration auxiliary function, which makes the molten pool poor in fluidity and prone to defects, and the welding slag cleaning relies on manual labor and is inefficient, affecting the welding quality and production efficiency.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head, comprising a workbench and welding robots arranged on both sides of the workbench; An angle adjustment component, the angle adjustment component is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the workbench, a positioning box is arranged on the angle adjustment component, and the angle adjustment component is used to adjust the placement angle of the positioning box; A clamping assembly, the clamping assembly is arranged above the positioning box, a donkey head body to be welded is placed on the clamping assembly, and the clamping assembly is used to clamp and fix the donkey head body; An adaptive vibration module for assisting welding is also provided inside the clamping assembly. The adaptive vibration module is used to assist the welding of the welding robot and to assist in cleaning the welding slag after welding of the donkey head body.

[0006] Preferably, the angle adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably installed in the middle of the top surface of the workbench, two connecting plates are respectively sleeved on one side of the rotating shaft, and a threaded sleeve is commonly arranged between the bottoms of the two connecting plates. A positioning frame is also provided on one side of the workbench, a screw rod is rotatably installed on the positioning frame, the screw rod is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve, and a rotating handle is fixedly installed on one end of the screw rod.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning box is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer surface of the rotating shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes two fixed boxes fixedly installed on the upper surface of the positioning box, two mounting plates are slidably installed in the middle of the fixed boxes, sliding grooves are opened in the middle of the top surfaces of the two fixed boxes, and dovetail sliders compatible with the sliding grooves are arranged at the bottoms of the two mounting plates. A first positioning seat is also arranged above the middle of the fixed box, and first rotating screws are rotatably installed on both sides of the first positioning seat. The two first rotating screws are respectively threadedly connected to the two mounting plates. When the first rotating screws are rotated, the mounting plates move horizontally along the sliding grooves, and positioning plates are arranged on the top surfaces of the two mounting plates. Two clamping blocks are arranged on the top surfaces of the two positioning plates, and the two clamping blocks are used to perform preliminary limit clamping on the donkey head body.

[0009] Preferably, a group of second positioning seats are provided on both sides of the top surface of the fixed box, and two groups of second positioning seats are set in two, and a second rotating screw is installed on the two second positioning seats to rotate together, and a moving block is threadedly connected to one side of the second rotating screw, and a tooth plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the moving block, and a tooth plate is rotatably installed on one side of the positioning plate, and a gear meshing with the tooth plate is fixedly connected to one side of the tooth plate, and a clamping sleeve is provided on the outer surface of the tooth plate away from the gear, and the two clamping sleeves are used to reinforce and clamp the donkey head body.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping sleeve is eccentrically arranged and is made of rubber material.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping blocks are arranged obliquely, and the two clamping blocks located on one of the fixing boxes are arranged obliquely relative to each other, and the clamping sleeves on the two fixing boxes are arranged in opposite directions.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping block includes a receiving layer and a contact layer from bottom to top, the top surface of the contact layer is provided with a plurality of contact grooves in contact with the donkey head body, the contact layer is set to rubber material, and the receiving layer is set to 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel.

[0013] Preferably, the adaptive vibration module includes a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets arranged inside the supporting layer, and the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets adopt a d³³-d³¹ composite mode. By changing the electrode segmentation method, a single ceramic sheet can simultaneously support: high-frequency vibration in the thickness direction and low-frequency vibration in the radial direction, and the vibration frequency of the high-frequency in the thickness direction is set to 50-80kHz; the vibration frequency of the low-frequency in the radial direction is set to 180-220Hz.

[0014] Preferably, the control method of the adaptive vibration module comprises the following steps: a. Use the current sensor to detect the working status of the welding robot in real time. When the welding current is ≥10A, it is determined to be in welding operation and the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration mode is activated; b. In the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration mode, the piezoelectric ceramic piece is controlled to vibrate at a frequency of 50-80kHz and an amplitude of 2-5μm, and the vibration direction is at an angle of ±45° to the moving direction of the welding robot's welding gun; c. Use infrared temperature sensors to monitor the temperature of the weld area in real time. When the temperature gradient ΔT ≥ 150°C / cm, dynamically increase the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic to 150-200V and reduce the vibration frequency to below 50kHz. d. When the welding current is continuously less than 1A for more than 5 seconds, switch to low-frequency and high-amplitude cleaning mode, control the piezoelectric ceramic to vibrate at a frequency of 180-220Hz and an amplitude of 15-20μm, and superimpose a 0.1-0.5Hz sweep frequency signal; e. During the welding slag cleaning process, the vibration energy transfer efficiency is fed back through the acceleration sensor. If the efficiency is less than 75%, the phase reversal control is triggered to make the vibration waveform phase difference jump 180° to break the welding slag adhesion.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. This type of welding device for manufacturing the donkey head of a walking beam pumping unit is equipped with a clamping assembly, which realizes high-precision and stable fixation of the donkey head body through a two-stage clamping mechanism: the first stage adopts an inclined clamping block to achieve fast adaptive positioning through screw drive, and its inclined surface structure ensures a close fit with the surface of special-shaped workpieces, and can adapt to the clamping and fixation of donkey heads of different specifications; the second stage applies a progressive clamping force through the gear rack transmission system of the eccentric rubber sleeve. The rubber material not only protects the workpiece surface but also enhances the friction coefficient, and the reverse symmetrical layout design balances the clamping forces on both sides, effectively offsetting the influence of welding vibration and thermal deformation, which not only meets the heavy-load welding requirements but also avoids workpiece deformation.

[0016] 2. This type of welding device for manufacturing the donkey head of a walking beam pumping unit is equipped with a receiving layer and an adaptive vibration module. The adaptive vibration module is combined with a 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel receiving layer to achieve a balance between vibration energy transmission and structural strength. The high-frequency vibration (50-80kHz) is efficiently conducted by the receiving layer to form a precisely controllable micro-disturbance during the welding process, which increases the fluidity of the molten pool metal by more than 40% and significantly reduces pores and slag inclusion defects. The low-frequency vibration (180-220Hz) uses the ultra-high strength of the material to achieve stable large-amplitude output to ensure that the welding slag is completely peeled off. The excellent thermal conductivity of the receiving layer (18.4W / m·K) can quickly disperse the welding heat to avoid overheating and failure of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and its thermal expansion matching with the ceramic sheet ensures the interface stability under long-term thermal cycles, so that the system can achieve 0.5-2μm precision vibration control during welding, and has the mechanical strength required for 20μm large-amplitude impact in the cleaning stage, thereby improving the overall welding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the plane structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partial clamping assembly and an adaptive vibration module of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping block after receiving the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the clamping block and the adaptive vibration module of the present invention.

[0019] The markings in the figure are: 1. Workbench; 2. Welding robot; 3. Rotating shaft; 4. Positioning box; 5. Positioning frame; 6. Screw; 7. Connecting plate; 8. Rotating handle; 9. Fixed box; 10. Sliding groove; 11. Mounting plate; 12. Dovetail slider; 13. First positioning seat; 14. First rotating screw; 15. Positioning plate; 16. Clamping block; 17. Second positioning seat; 18. Second rotating screw; 19. Moving block; 20. Tooth plate; 21. Rotating rod; 22. Gear; 23. Clamping sleeve; 24. Contact layer; 25. Supporting layer; 26. Contact tooth groove; 27. Piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 28. Donkey head body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a welding device for manufacturing a donkey head of a beam pumping unit comprises a workbench 1 and a welding robot 2 arranged on both sides of the workbench 1; an angle adjustment component, which is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the workbench 1, and a positioning box 4 is arranged on the angle adjustment component, and the angle adjustment component is used to adjust the placement angle of the positioning box 4; a clamping component, which is arranged above the positioning box 4, and a donkey head body 28 to be welded is placed on the clamping component, and the clamping component is used to clamp and fix the donkey head body 28; an adaptive vibration module for auxiliary welding is also arranged inside the clamping component, and the adaptive vibration module is used to assist the welding of the welding robot 2 and assist in cleaning the welding slag after welding the donkey head body 28; After the equipment is started, the operator places the donkey head body 28 on the clamping assembly, the clamping assembly automatically adjusts to fix the workpiece, and the angle adjustment assembly adjusts the angle of the positioning box 4 according to the welding process requirements, so that the donkey head body 28 is in a suitable welding position, and the welding robot 2 starts to work and performs precise welding on the trajectory set by the program. During the welding process, the adaptive vibration module fine-tunes the vibration according to the welding progress to ensure that the weld is uniform and reduce welding spatter. After the welding is completed, the vibration module continues to work to cause excess welding slag to fall off, reducing the need for manual cleaning. Finally, the welded donkey head body 28 is removed, the equipment is reset, and ready for the next welding task. The angle adjustment assembly can flexibly adjust the placement angle of the positioning box 4, so that the donkey head body 28 can be at the most suitable angle for welding, ensuring the quality of the weld, improving welding accuracy, and reducing welding defects caused by poor angles. The clamping assembly firmly fixes the donkey head body 28 to avoid affecting the welding quality due to movement or shaking of the workpiece during welding, improve overall stability, and ensure welding consistency.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, the angle adjustment assembly includes a rotating shaft 3 rotatably mounted in the middle of the top surface of the workbench 1, two connecting plates 7 are respectively sleeved on one side of the rotating shaft 3, and a threaded sleeve is commonly arranged between the bottoms of the two connecting plates 7, and a positioning frame 5 is also arranged on one side of the workbench 1, a screw rod 6 is rotatably mounted on the positioning frame 5, the screw rod 6 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve, a rotating handle 8 is fixedly mounted on one end of the screw rod 6, and a positioning box 4 is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer surface of the rotating shaft 3; The operator places the donkey head body 28 in the clamping assembly and preliminarily aligns the welding position. According to the welding process requirements, the operator can manually turn the handle 8 to drive the screw 6 to rotate. The screw 6 drives the connecting plate 7 and the rotating shaft 3 to rotate through the threaded connection relationship with the threaded sleeve, so that the angle of the positioning box 4 changes until the donkey head body 28 reaches the ideal welding angle. After the adjustment is completed, the structure of the connecting plate 7 and the positioning frame 5 ensures that the positioning box 4 is stable and motionless at the set angle, and the welding robot 2 performs automatic welding according to the set trajectory.

[0024] like Figures 2 to 10 As shown, the clamping assembly includes two fixed boxes 9 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the positioning box 4, two mounting plates 11 are slidably mounted in the middle of the fixed boxes 9, a sliding groove 10 is provided in the middle of the top surfaces of the two fixed boxes 9, and a dovetail slider 12 adapted to the sliding groove 10 is provided at the bottom of the two mounting plates 11. A first positioning seat 13 is also provided above the middle of the fixed box 9, and first rotating screws 14 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the first positioning seat 13. The two first rotating screws 14 are respectively threadedly connected to the two mounting plates 11. When the first rotating screws 14 are rotated, the mounting plates 11 move horizontally along the sliding groove 10, and positioning plates 15 are provided on the top surfaces of the two mounting plates 11. Two relatively arranged clamping blocks 16 are provided on the top surfaces of the two positioning plates 15. The two clamping blocks 16 are used to perform preliminary limit clamping on the donkey head body 28, and the clamping blocks 16 are inclined, and the two clamping blocks 16 located on one of the fixed boxes 9 are relatively inclined. The operator first rotates the first rotating screw 14 to make the two clamping blocks 16 approach or move away from each other to match the donkey head body 28 of different sizes. Then, the operator continues to rotate the first rotating screw 14 to make the two clamping blocks 16 gradually approach each other, and preliminarily clamp the donkey head body 28 to ensure that it is in a stable state. Since the clamping block 16 is designed to be inclined, it can better fit the surface of the donkey head body 28, further enhancing the limiting effect and preventing the workpiece from being displaced during the welding process. The first rotating screw 14 drives the mounting plate 11 to move along the sliding groove 10, so that the clamping block 16 can adapt to the donkey head body 28 of different sizes, realize rapid adjustment, improve the adaptability of the equipment, and reduce the adjustment time when the workpiece is replaced; A group of second positioning seats 17 are provided on both sides of the top surface of the fixed box 9, and the two groups of second positioning seats 17 are each provided with two, and a second rotating screw 18 is rotatably installed on the two second positioning seats 17, and a moving block 19 is threadedly connected to one side of the second rotating screw 18, and a toothed plate 20 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the moving block 19, and a toothed plate 20 is rotatably installed on one side of the positioning plate 15, and a gear 22 meshing with the toothed plate 20 is fixedly connected to one side of the toothed plate 20, and a clamping sleeve 23 is sleeved on the outer surface of the toothed plate 20 away from the gear 22. The two clamping sleeves 23 are used to reinforce and clamp the donkey head body 28, and the clamping sleeve 23 is eccentrically arranged, and the clamping sleeve 23 is set to a rubber material, and the clamping sleeves 23 on the two fixed boxes 9 are arranged in opposite directions; After the initial fixation, the operator rotates the second rotating screw 18, driving the moving block 19 to move along the screw direction, causing the tooth plate 20 to be displaced, and the meshing action of the gear 22 and the tooth plate 20 synchronously adjusts the position of the clamping sleeve 23. Since the clamping sleeve 23 adopts an eccentric design, a uniform clamping force is gradually applied to the donkey head body 28 during the movement to complete the reinforced clamping. The rubber clamping sleeve 23 reduces direct pressure on the workpiece while ensuring stability to prevent damage to the surface of the donkey head body 28. A two-stage clamping mechanism is adopted. The first step is to perform preliminary limiting by the clamping block 16, and the second step is to reinforce the clamping of the donkey head body 28 by the clamping sleeve 23. This method ensures the stability of the donkey head body 28 during welding, avoids displacement caused by vibration or welding thermal deformation, and improves welding accuracy. The clamping sleeves 23 on the two fixed boxes 9 are arranged in opposite directions. This symmetrical layout can offset the imbalance of the unilateral clamping force, make the clamping more stable, and further improve the seismic resistance and stability of the workpiece during welding.

[0025] like Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the clamping block 16 includes a receiving layer 25 and a contact layer 24 from bottom to top, and the top surface of the contact layer 24 is provided with a plurality of contact grooves 26 in contact with the donkey head body 28, the contact layer 24 is set to a rubber material, and the receiving layer 25 is set to 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel; The top surface of the contact layer 24 is provided with a contact tooth groove 26, which can increase the friction between the donkey head body 28 and the clamping block 16 to prevent the workpiece from sliding or shifting during the clamping process. This design ensures that the donkey head body 28 will not be displaced due to external force or vibration during welding, thereby improving the welding accuracy. After the contact layer 24 contacts the donkey head body 28, the donkey head body 28 presses the contact layer 24, driving one side of the contact layer 24 to be concave inward (such as Fig. 9As shown), and the contact layer 24 wraps one side of the donkey head body 28, the receiving layer 25 adopts -PH precipitation hardened stainless steel, which has high strength, high hardness and excellent wear resistance, and can provide sufficient structural support to prevent the clamping block 16 from being deformed or worn due to long-term use. This material can withstand a large clamping force and has a long service life, reducing equipment maintenance costs. By adopting the layering of the contact layer 24 and the receiving layer 25, both rigidity and flexibility are taken into account, which can ensure the stability of the clamping block 16 and provide a good buffering effect. This structure can remain stable in a high-strength welding environment and extend the service life of the clamping system; The adaptive vibration module includes a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets 27 arranged inside the receiving layer 25. The plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets 27 adopt a d³³-d³¹ composite mode. By changing the electrode segmentation method, a single ceramic sheet can simultaneously support: high-frequency vibration in the thickness direction and low-frequency vibration in the radial direction. The vibration frequency of the high-frequency in the thickness direction is set to 50-80kHz; the vibration frequency of the low-frequency in the radial direction is set to 180-220Hz. The control method of the adaptive vibration module comprises the following steps: a. Use the current sensor to detect the working state of the welding robot 2 in real time. When the welding current is ≥10A, it is determined that the welding operation is in progress and the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration mode is activated; b. In the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration mode, the piezoelectric ceramic piece 27 is controlled to vibrate at a frequency of 50-80kHz and an amplitude of 2-5μm, and the vibration direction is at an angle of ±45° to the moving direction of the welding robot's welding gun; c. Use infrared temperature sensors to monitor the temperature of the weld area in real time. When the temperature gradient ΔT ≥ 150°C / cm, dynamically increase the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic to 150-200V and reduce the vibration frequency to below 50kHz. d. When the welding current is continuously less than 1A for more than 5 seconds, switch to the low-frequency and high-amplitude cleaning mode, control the piezoelectric ceramic plate 27 to vibrate at a frequency of 180-220 Hz and an amplitude of 15-20 μm, and superimpose a 0.1-0.5 Hz sweep frequency signal; e. During the welding slag cleaning process, the vibration energy transfer efficiency is fed back through the acceleration sensor. If the efficiency is less than 75%, the phase reversal control is triggered to make the vibration waveform phase difference jump 180° to break the welding slag adhesion; The adaptive vibration module realizes intelligent vibration control by integrating a specially designed piezoelectric ceramic component inside the receiving layer 25. The core of the module is to use a piezoelectric ceramic 27 with a d³³-d³¹ composite mode. Through the electrode segmentation technology, a single ceramic element can simultaneously generate two vibrations of different properties: high-frequency vibration (50-80kHz) in the thickness direction is used to assist the welding process, and low-frequency vibration (180-220Hz) in the radial direction is used for post-weld cleaning. The system automatically switches the working mode by real-time monitoring of the welding current. When it detects that the welding current is ≥10A, the high-frequency micro-vibration mode is activated. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramic acts with precise high-frequency small-amplitude vibration (2-5μm) in a direction at an angle of 45° to the moving direction of the welding gun to optimize the flow of molten pool metal; when the infrared temperature sensor detects When the temperature gradient in the weld area exceeds 150℃ / cm, the system will dynamically adjust the drive voltage to 150-200V and reduce the frequency to below 50kHz to cope with high temperature conditions. After welding, if the current continues to be lower than 1A for 5 seconds, it will automatically switch to low-frequency and high-amplitude cleaning mode. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramic piece uses a stronger vibration (15-20μm) with a 0.1-0.5Hz sweep frequency signal to effectively shake off the welding slag. During this process, if the acceleration sensor detects that the vibration transmission efficiency is less than 75%, the system will immediately trigger a 180° phase reversal jump control, using the inertial impact effect to enhance the welding slag stripping effect. The entire control process achieves seamless connection between welding assistance and welding slag cleaning, and ensures that the best vibration assistance effect can be obtained in different process stages by intelligently adjusting the vibration parameters; In the context of the receiving layer 25 being made of 17-4PH precipitation-hardened stainless steel, the vibration conduction mechanism of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 27 will be significantly optimized. In specific implementation, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 27 is metallurgically bonded to the receiving layer 25 through a vacuum brazing process. The nickel-based transition layer (thickness 50-80μm) at the interface not only ensures the efficient coupling of vibration energy (transmission efficiency > 92%), but also provides the necessary electrical insulation performance. When the system activates the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration mode, the receiving layer 25 made of 17-4PH material will amplify the thickness direction vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet in the form of standing waves, forming a microscopic displacement of 0.5-2μm on the surface of the workpiece. This precise mechanical disturbance can reduce the surface tension of the molten pool by about 40%; after switching to the low-frequency and high-amplitude cleaning mode, the high yield strength of the material (≥1170MPa) can withstand the alternating stress caused by an amplitude of 20μm, and its precipitation hardening phase (Cu-rich precipitation phase) can also effectively suppress the grain boundary sliding caused by vibration, ensuring the structural integrity of the device under long-term vibration loads.

Claims

1. A welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head, characterized in that: include: A workbench (1) and welding robots (2) arranged on both sides of the workbench (1); An angle adjustment component, the angle adjustment component is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the workbench (1), a positioning box (4) is arranged on the angle adjustment component, and the angle adjustment component is used to adjust the placement angle of the positioning box (4); A clamping assembly, the clamping assembly being arranged above the positioning box (4), the donkey head body (28) to be welded being placed on the clamping assembly, the clamping assembly being used to clamp and fix the donkey head body (28); An adaptive vibration module for assisting welding is also provided inside the clamping assembly. The adaptive vibration module is used to assist the welding of the welding robot (2) and to assist in cleaning the welding slag after welding of the donkey head body (28).

2. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment assembly comprises a rotating shaft (3) rotatably mounted in the middle of the top surface of the workbench (1), two connecting plates (7) are respectively sleeved on one side of the rotating shaft (3), and a threaded sleeve is commonly arranged between the bottoms of the two connecting plates (7), and a positioning frame (5) is also arranged on one side of the workbench (1), a screw rod (6) is rotatably mounted on the positioning frame (5), the screw rod (6) is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve, and a rotating handle (8) is fixedly mounted on one end of the screw rod (6).

3. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning box (4) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer surface of the rotating shaft (3).

4. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises two fixed boxes (9) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the positioning box (4), two mounting plates (11) being slidably mounted in the middle of the fixed boxes (9), a sliding groove (10) being provided in the middle of the top surface of the two fixed boxes (9), a dovetail slider (12) matching the sliding groove (10) being provided at the bottom of the two mounting plates (11), a first positioning seat (13) being further provided above the middle of the fixed box (9), and two rotatable mounting plates (11) being provided on both sides of the first positioning seat (13) A first rotating screw rod (14), wherein the two first rotating screw rods (14) are respectively threadedly connected to the two mounting plates (11); when the first rotating screw rod (14) is rotated, the mounting plate (11) moves horizontally along the sliding groove (10); the top surfaces of the two mounting plates (11) are each provided with a positioning plate (15); the top surfaces of the two positioning plates (15) are each provided with two clamping blocks (16) arranged opposite to each other; the two clamping blocks (16) are used for performing preliminary limiting clamping on the donkey head body (28).

5. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 4, characterized in that: A group of second positioning seats (17) are provided on both sides of the top surface of the fixed box (9), and the two groups of second positioning seats (17) are each provided with two, and a second rotating screw (18) is rotatably mounted on the two second positioning seats (17), and a moving block (19) is threadedly connected to one side of the second rotating screw (18), and a toothed plate (20) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the moving block (19), and a toothed plate (20) is rotatably mounted on one side of the positioning plate (15), and a gear (22) meshing with the toothed plate (20) is fixedly connected to one side of the toothed plate (20), and a clamping sleeve (23) is sleeved on the outer surface of the toothed plate (20) away from the gear (22), and the two clamping sleeves (23) are used to reinforce and clamp the donkey head body (28).

6. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping sleeve (23) is eccentrically arranged, and the clamping sleeve (23) is made of rubber material.

7. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping block (16) is arranged at an inclination, and the two clamping blocks (16) located on one of the fixing boxes (9) are arranged at an inclination relative to each other, and the clamping sleeves (23) on the two fixing boxes (9) are arranged in opposite directions.

8. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping block (16) includes a receiving layer (25) and a contact layer (24) from bottom to top, and the top surface of the contact layer (24) is provided with a plurality of contact tooth grooves (26) in contact with the donkey head body (28), the contact layer (24) is set to a rubber material, and the receiving layer (25) is set to 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel.

9. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adaptive vibration module comprises a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets (27) arranged inside the receiving layer (25), wherein the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets (27) adopt a d³³-d³¹ composite mode, and by changing the electrode segmentation method, a single ceramic sheet can simultaneously support: high-frequency vibration in the thickness direction and low-frequency vibration in the radial direction, wherein the vibration frequency of the high-frequency in the thickness direction is set to 50-80 kHz; and the vibration frequency of the low-frequency in the radial direction is set to 180-220 Hz.

10. The welding device for manufacturing a beam pumping unit head according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control method of the adaptive vibration module comprises the following steps: a. Using a current sensor to detect the working state of the welding robot (2) in real time, when the welding current is ≥10A, it is determined that the welding operation is in progress, and the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration mode is activated; b. In the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration mode, the piezoelectric ceramic piece (27) is controlled to vibrate at a frequency of 50-80 kHz and an amplitude of 2-5 μm, and the vibration direction is at an angle of ±45° to the moving direction of the welding robot's welding gun; c. Real-time monitoring of the temperature of the weld area by an infrared temperature sensor. When the temperature gradient ΔT ≥ 150°C / cm, the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic piece (27) is dynamically increased to 150-200V, and the vibration frequency is reduced to below 50kHz; d. When the welding current is continuously less than 1A for more than 5 seconds, switch to the low-frequency and high-amplitude cleaning mode, control the piezoelectric ceramic piece (27) to vibrate at a frequency of 180-220 Hz and an amplitude of 15-20 μm, and superimpose a 0.1-0.5 Hz sweep frequency signal; e. During the welding slag cleaning process, the vibration energy transfer efficiency is fed back through the acceleration sensor. If the efficiency is less than 75%, the phase reversal control is triggered to make the vibration waveform phase difference jump 180° to break the welding slag adhesion.

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