Brake device of automobile on ice and snow covered pavement

Abstract

The invention discloses a brake device of an automobile on an ice and snow covered pavement. The brake device comprises a brake oil pump; one end of each of the two brake oil cylinders is rotatably arranged on the vehicle, is connected with the brake oil pump, and is electrically linked with a brake indicating lamp of the original vehicle and an ABS motor of the original vehicle through electromagnetic valves; the two truss supporting arms are movably connected with piston rods of the two brake oil cylinders respectively. The two brake kettles are symmetrically arranged on the inner sides of the lower ends of the two truss supporting arms respectively; the two drum brakes are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the lower ends of the two truss supporting arms respectively; the two brake wheels are respectively connected with the two drum brakes, and a plurality of conical sharp teeth are respectively arranged on the two brake wheels at intervals in the circumferential direction. When a driver brakes to enable the ABS motor of the original vehicle to act, the brake kettle, the brake wheel and the brake system of the original vehicle quickly brake the vehicle running on the ice and snow covered road surface and prevent sideslip, so that the driver and passengers are protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile braking, and more particularly to a braking device for an automobile on an icy or snowy road. Background Art

[0002] The car itself has a complete set of brake systems, and its working principle is to stop the rotation of the car tires through the friction between the brake pads and the wheel hub or brake disc, and then achieve braking through the friction between the tires and the ground. On dry, warm and clean roads, the above-mentioned brake system can generally achieve braking within a short distance. However, on icy and snowy roads in winter, due to the limited contact area between the tires and the icy and snowy roads, in an emergency, the existing brake device cannot effectively brake and stop, which is very likely to cause serious traffic accidents. Therefore, relying solely on the existing brake device cannot ensure that the car traveling fast on the icy and snowy roads can quickly slow down or stop in a short distance in time, and there is a serious safety hazard. In addition, although it is currently possible to use anti-skid chains wrapped around the tires to increase the friction of the tires on the icy and snowy roads and play a certain anti-skid role, when the car is driving on a road section without ice and snow, the anti-skid chains need to be removed, and the operation is cumbersome. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to design and develop a braking device for a car on icy and snowy roads, which is interlocked with the braking system of the original vehicle, and the truss is lowered or raised through the combination of a pin shaft motor and a brake cylinder. The brake kettle and the brake wheel are pressed down to the icy and snowy road surface along with the truss, and together with the braking system of the original vehicle, the vehicle can be quickly braked and prevented from skidding.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0005] A braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road, comprising:

[0006] Brake fluid pump; and

[0007] Two brake oil cylinders, one end of which is rotatably arranged on the vehicle and connected to the brake oil pump respectively, and the two brake oil cylinders are electrically interlocked with the brake indicator light of the original vehicle and the ABS motor of the original vehicle through a solenoid valve;

[0008] A truss, the upper end of which is rotatably arranged on the chassis of the vehicle through two lower base plates, the truss is movably connected to the piston rods of the two brake cylinders, and when normally retracted, the truss and the two brake kettles, two drum brakes and two brake wheels are all hidden under the chassis of the vehicle;

[0009] Two brake kettles, which are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the truss and between the two rear wheel running tracks of the vehicle;

[0010] Two drum brakes are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the lower ends of the trusses;

[0011] Two brake wheels, which are respectively arranged on the two drum brakes and above the running tracks of the two rear wheels of the vehicle, and the two brake wheels are provided with a plurality of conical sharp teeth at intervals in the circumferential direction;

[0012] The friction plates in the two drum brakes respectively always tighten their two brake drums.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes:

[0014] The valve seat includes a first oil inlet hole, a second oil inlet hole, an oil return hole, a second descending oil hole and a second ascending oil hole;

[0015] An oil storage box, whose oil inlet hole is connected to the oil return hole of the valve seat, and whose oil discharge hole is connected to the oil inlet hole of the brake oil pump;

[0016] A relief valve connected to the valve seat;

[0017] A solenoid valve connected to the overflow valve;

[0018] A pressure gauge is arranged in the cab and connected to the first oil inlet, and a pressure switch of the pressure gauge automatically controls the start, stop and pressure maintenance of the brake oil pump;

[0019] Wherein, the second oil inlet hole of the valve seat is connected to the oil discharge hole of the brake oil pump.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes:

[0021] a plurality of second supports fixed at intervals on the chassis of the vehicle;

[0022] A truss pin shaft, which is slidably disposed between the plurality of second supports, and the truss pin shaft is provided with a rack structure;

[0023] A pin shaft motor is arranged on the chassis of the vehicle, and the pin shaft motor is electrically interlocked with the brake indicator light of the original vehicle and the ABS motor of the original vehicle;

[0024] A transmission gear connected to the output end of the pin motor, and the transmission gear is meshed with the rack structure;

[0025] Two truss stoppers, which are respectively arranged on the chassis of the vehicle through two lower base plates;

[0026] A road driving mode conversion switch, which is electrically interlocked with the solenoid valve, the brake oil pump and the pin shaft motor;

[0027] Wherein, the two truss limiters are respectively matched with the two limit brackets on the truss to limit the descending angle of the truss.

[0028] Preferably, it also includes:

[0029] Two oil cylinder brackets, the upper parts of which are fixedly connected to the appropriate positions of the trunk through connecting rods, and the two upper base plates at the bottom are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the trunk, and the two oil cylinder brackets are respectively close to one side of the rear seat of the vehicle and the two sides of the trunk;

[0030] Wherein, the upper ends of the two brake oil cylinders are rotatably arranged on the two oil cylinder brackets respectively;

[0031] Two first supports, which are symmetrically arranged on the chassis of the vehicle through two lower base plates, and close to one side of the rear bumper of the vehicle and both sides of the trunk;

[0032] Two hollow shafts are respectively and symmetrically fixedly connected to the two first supports.

[0033] Preferably, the brake cylinder comprises:

[0034] A cylinder barrel, one end of which is rotatably connected to the cylinder bracket through the hollow shaft;

[0035] A first descending oil hole, which is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder barrel;

[0036] a first rising oil hole, which is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder barrel;

[0037] The piston rod is slidably connected to the cylinder barrel through components such as a piston ring.

[0038] A slideway, one end of which is fixed to the other end of the brake cylinder and is used to guide and protect the piston rod of the brake cylinder;

[0039] A slider, which is slidably disposed in the slideway and connected to the piston rod of the brake cylinder;

[0040] A bracket, a middle portion of which is fixed on the sliding block.

[0041] Wherein, the first descending oil hole of the brake oil cylinder is connected to the second descending oil hole of the valve seat, and the first ascending oil hole of the brake oil cylinder is connected to the second ascending oil hole of the valve seat.

[0042] Preferably, the trusses include:

[0043] Two shaft sleeves, which are rotatably arranged on the two hollow shafts respectively;

[0044] Two support arms, one end of which is fixed on the two shaft sleeves respectively, and the lower parts of the two support arms are bent upwards so that the bottom outer edges of the two brake kettles and the two brake wheels are above the bottom plane of the truss after they are retracted;

[0045] a balance beam disposed between the upper portions of the two support arms;

[0046] Two oblique supports, one end of which is arranged at the middle of the balance beam, and the other end of which is symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the two support arms;

[0047] The two bottom corners of the triangular hanger are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the two support arms, and the top corner is selectively sleeved on the truss pin.

[0048] Two limiting brackets, which are respectively arranged on the upper parts of the two support arms;

[0049] Two workbenches, which are respectively arranged on the two support arms, and the two workbenches are selectively connected to the two brackets respectively;

[0050] Two circular backrests, which are respectively arranged on the two support arms, and the two circular backrests are respectively slidably connected to the slideways on the brake cylinder;

[0051] Two inner reinforcing plates, which are respectively fixed to the inner sides of the other ends of the two support arms;

[0052] Two outer reinforcing plates, which are respectively fixed to the outer sides of the other ends of the two support arms;

[0053] Two bottom solid shafts are respectively arranged in parallel with the two shaft sleeves, and one end of the two bottom solid shafts is respectively connected with the other ends of the two inner reinforcing plates, the two outer reinforcing plates and the two support arms.

[0054] Preferably, the brake kettle comprises:

[0055] A reinforcing plate welded to the top of the I-beam support;

[0056] An I-beam support connected to the inner reinforcement plate on the truss;

[0057] The channel steel frame is symmetrically welded to the bottom of the I-beam support, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the side walls of the four sides of the channel steel frame and a plurality of nuts are welded one by one;

[0058] Anti-skid rubber, which is an arc-shaped structure and is arranged at the lower part of the I-beam support and the channel steel frame;

[0059] A plurality of support springs, one end of which is fixed to the lower part of the I-beam support and the other end is supported on the anti-slip rubber;

[0060] An anti-skid chain, which is sleeved on the outer side of the anti-skid rubber;

[0061] A sealing cover plate, which is arranged on the upper part of the two channel steel frames and the anti-skid rubber, and is used to reinforce and seal the channel steel frames and the anti-skid rubber;

[0062] A plurality of screw rods are used to sequentially fix the anti-skid rubber, the anti-skid chain and the sealing cover plate on the channel steel frame through a plurality of nuts on the channel steel side walls of the channel steel frame.

[0063] Preferably, the drum brakes include:

[0064] A bottom plate fixed to the outer reinforcing plate;

[0065] a first spring bracket fixed to one end of the base plate;

[0066] a first pressure spring, which is fixed on the first spring bracket;

[0067] A support pin fixed to the other end of the base plate;

[0068] four second spring brackets fixed to the bottom plate at intervals;

[0069] Four second pressure springs, which are fixed on the four second spring brackets respectively and one by one;

[0070] Two brake shoes are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate, and the bottoms of the two brake shoes are movably connected to the support pins, the tops are respectively connected to the two ends of the first pressure spring, and the middle parts are connected to the four second pressure springs;

[0071] Two friction plates, which are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two brake shoes;

[0072] The brake drum is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the two friction plates and is rotatably connected to the other end of the bottom solid shaft on the truss.

[0073] Preferably, the brake wheels each include:

[0074] A tooth body, which is coaxially connected to the brake drum on the drum brake;

[0075] A plurality of conical pointed teeth are arranged at intervals around the tooth body;

[0076] A plurality of countersunk holes are cocircularly arranged on the tooth body and correspond one-to-one to the screw holes on the brake drum of the drum brake.

[0077] Preferably, the anti-skid chain on the brake kettle and the multiple conical sharp teeth on the brake wheel can be made of materials such as copper alloy or aluminum alloy that avoid damaging asphalt pavement, cement pavement and are not easy to generate sparks when rubbing or colliding with the above pavement and gravel.

[0078] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0079] (1) The present invention designs and develops a braking device for a car on icy and snowy roads. The braking device is electrically interlocked with the original vehicle's brake indicator light and the original vehicle's ABS motor. After the braking device for icy and snowy roads is activated, it works together with the original vehicle's brake system to perform double braking on the vehicle.

[0080] (2) The present invention designs and develops a braking device for automobiles on icy and snowy roads. The brake oil pump is started and stopped and the pressure is maintained through the pressure switch on the pressure gauge. The truss is lowered or raised through the combination of the brake oil pump, the pin shaft motor and the brake oil cylinder. The brake kettle and the brake wheel are pressed onto the icy and snowy road surface as the truss moves downward rapidly. This can not only allow vehicles traveling at high speed on icy and snowy roads to decelerate or stop quickly and safely, but also effectively prevent the vehicle from skidding when braking on icy and snowy roads. This avoids and reduces the occurrence of traffic accidents, and further ensures the safety of the vehicle itself, the driver and passengers, pedestrians on the road, and other vehicles.

[0081] (3) The braking device for an automobile on icy and snowy roads designed and developed by the present invention realizes secondary fixation of the truss through the combination of a truss pin, a pin motor and a triangular hanger on the truss, thereby preventing the truss from accidentally falling when the icy and snowy road braking device described in the present invention is not in use; at the same time, through the combination of a truss limiter and a limit bracket on the truss, the descent angle of the truss is limited, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the vehicle during braking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structural view of the braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road according to the present invention.

[0083] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the left view of the braking device of the automobile on icy and snowy roads according to the present invention.

[0084] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake cylinder described in the present invention.

[0085] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the truss described in the present invention.

[0086] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the brake kettle described in the present invention.

[0087] Figure 6It is a schematic structural diagram of the drum brake of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the brake wheel of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The present invention is further described in detail below so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description.

[0090] The present invention provides a braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road, comprising:

[0091] 1. Pressure gauge, 2. Solenoid valve, 3. Overflow valve, 4. Valve seat, 5. Oil storage box, 6. Brake oil pump, 7. Brake oil cylinder, 8. Cylinder bracket, 9. Truss pin, 10. Pin motor, 11. Truss limit device, 12. Hollow shaft, 13. Truss, 14. Brake kettle, 15. Drum brake, 16. Brake wheel. Among them, the brake cylinder 7 includes: 701, a first descending oil hole, 702, a first ascending oil hole, 703, a cylinder, 704, a piston rod, 705, a slide, 706, a slider, 707, and a bracket; the truss 13 includes: 1301, a balance beam, 1302, a triangular hanger, 1303, a bushing, 1304, an oblique support, 1305, a support arm, 1306, a limit bracket, 1307, a workbench, 1308, a round backrest, 1309, an inner reinforcement plate, 1310, an outer reinforcement plate, 1311, and a bottom solid shaft; the brake kettle 14 includes: 1401, a reinforcement plate, 1402, an I-shaped Steel bracket, 1403, sealing cover plate, 1404, channel steel frame, 1405, screw, 1406, support spring, 1407, anti-skid rubber, 1408, anti-skid chain; the drum brake 15 includes: 1501, a first pressure spring, 1502, a first spring bracket, 1503, a base plate, 1504, a friction plate, 1505, a brake shoe, 1506, a second pressure spring, 1507, a second spring bracket, 1508, a fixing screw, 1509, a support pin, 1510, a brake drum; the brake wheel 16 includes: 1601, a conical pointed tooth, 1602, a tooth body, 1603, a countersunk hole.

[0092] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a braking device for an automobile on an icy and snowy road surface, which mainly includes: a pressure gauge 1, a solenoid valve 2, a relief valve 3, a valve seat 4, an oil storage box 5, a brake oil pump 6, two brake cylinders 7, two cylinder brackets 8, a truss pin 9, a pin motor 10, two truss limiters 11, two hollow shafts 12, a truss 13, two brake kettles 14, two drum brakes 15, two brake wheels 16 and a road driving mode conversion switch (not shown in the figure).

[0093] In this embodiment, the pressure gauge 1 and the road driving mode conversion switch are respectively fixedly installed in the vehicle's cab, two brake oil cylinders 7 and two oil cylinder brackets 8 are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the vehicle trunk through two upper base plates, the solenoid valve 2, the overflow valve 3, the valve seat 4, the oil storage box 5 and the brake oil pump 6 are respectively fixedly installed in the engine compartment of the vehicle or other suitable positions, and the truss pin 9, the pin motor 10, the two truss stoppers 11, the two hollow shafts 12, the truss 13, the two brake kettles 14, the two drum brakes 15 and the two brake wheels 16 are respectively fixedly installed under the chassis of the vehicle. When the driver sets the road driving mode conversion switch to the ice and snow road driving mode, the original vehicle brake indicator light and the original vehicle ABS motor automatically control the brake device of the ice and snow road.

[0094] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the valve seat 4 includes a first oil inlet hole, a second oil inlet hole, an oil return hole, a second descending oil hole and a second ascending oil hole; the second oil inlet hole is connected to the oil discharge hole of the brake oil pump 6, and the oil return hole is connected to the oil inlet hole of the oil storage box 5. The pressure gauge 1 is connected to the first oil inlet hole, and its pressure switch automatically controls the start and stop and pressure maintenance of the brake oil pump 6, so that the pressure in the hydraulic oil pipeline is relatively constant; the oil inlet hole of the brake oil pump 6 is connected to the oil discharge hole of the oil storage box 5; the valve seat 4 is directly connected to the solenoid valve 2 through the overflow valve 3, and the overflow valve 3 is also a safety valve, which protects the hydraulic oil pipeline of the entire ice and snow road brake system.

[0095] like Figure 3 As shown, the brake oil cylinder 7 mainly includes: a first descending oil hole 701, a first ascending oil hole 702, a cylinder 703, a piston rod 704, a slide 705, a slider 706 and a bracket 707. One end of the cylinder 703 is rotatably connected to the oil cylinder bracket 8 through the hollow shaft 12; the first descending oil hole 701 and the first ascending oil hole 702 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 703; the piston rod 704 is slidably connected to the cylinder 703 through components such as piston rings; one end of the slide 705 is connected to the other end of the cylinder 703, which guides and protects the piston rod 704; the slider 706 is connected to the end of the piston rod 704 through a thread, guiding the piston rod 704 to move up and down along the slide 705; the middle part of the bracket 707 is welded to the slider 706, and as the piston rod 704 rises, it lifts the truss 13 to move upward.

[0096] The two first descending oil holes 701 and the two first ascending oil holes 702 are respectively connected to the second descending oil hole and the second ascending oil hole of the valve seat 4 through two tees, and are automatically controlled by the brake indicator light of the original vehicle, the ABS motor of the original vehicle and the present ice and snow road braking system. When the two first descending oil holes 701 are simultaneously filled with oil and the two first ascending oil holes 702 are simultaneously discharged with oil, the two piston rods 704 are simultaneously extended downward; when the two first ascending oil holes 702 are simultaneously filled with oil and the two first descending oil holes 701 are simultaneously discharged with oil, the two piston rods 704 are respectively retracted at the same time, and the two brackets 707 simultaneously lift the truss 13 to move upward.

[0097] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper parts of the two cylinder brackets 8 are fixedly connected to appropriate positions of the trunk through connecting rods, and the two upper base plates at the bottom are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the trunk, and the two cylinder brackets 8 are respectively close to one side of the rear seat of the vehicle and both sides of the trunk.

[0098] like Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the truss pin 9 has a rack structure and is slidably connected to a suitable position of the vehicle chassis through three supports. When the driver sets the road driving mode conversion switch to the ice and snow road driving mode, the pin motor 10 can automatically open the truss pin 9 only when the original vehicle ABS motor is activated by braking; otherwise, the truss pin 9 always supports the truss 13 to prevent the truss 13 from accidentally falling and hides it and the two brake kettles 14, two drum brakes 15 and two brake wheels 16 under the vehicle chassis.

[0099] like Figure 1 As shown, the pin shaft motor 10 is fixedly installed at a suitable position of the vehicle chassis, and a transmission gear is arranged on the output shaft of the pin shaft motor, and the transmission gear is meshed with the rack structure on the pin shaft. The start and stop of the pin shaft motor 10 and its forward and reverse rotation are automatically controlled by the brake indicator light of the original vehicle, the ABS motor of the original vehicle and the ice and snow road braking device.

[0100] like Figure 1 As shown, the two truss stoppers 11 each include: a base, a top screw and a spare cap. The two bases are symmetrically fixed at appropriate positions of the vehicle chassis through two lower base plates, and the two top screws are symmetrically connected to the two bases through threads. The two spare caps are respectively tightened to prevent the two top screws from loosening and falling off. When the truss 13 is lowered to a certain angle, its two limit brackets 1306 will respectively abut against the working ends of the two top screws, so as to prevent the two rear wheels of the vehicle from leaving the icy road surface during braking, thereby effectively ensuring the stability and safety of braking.

[0101] like Figure 1As shown, two hollow shafts 12 are symmetrically fixedly connected to two first supports respectively, and movably connected to the top sleeve of the truss. The two first supports are symmetrically arranged on the chassis of the vehicle through two lower base plates respectively, and are close to one side of the rear bumper of the vehicle.

[0102] like Figure 4 As shown, the truss 13 mainly includes: a balance beam 1301, a triangular hanger 1302, two bushings 1303, two oblique supports 1304, two support arms 1305, two limit brackets 1306, two workbenches 1307, two circular backrests 1308, two inner reinforcement plates 1309, two outer reinforcement plates 1310 and two bottom solid shafts 1311. The two bushings 1303 are rotatably connected to the two first supports through two hollow shafts 12 respectively; one end of the two support arms 1305 is welded to the two bushings 1303 respectively; the two ends of the two balance beams 1301 are symmetrically welded to the upper parts of the two support arms 1305 respectively; one end of the two oblique supports 1304 is symmetrically welded to the middle part of the balance beam 1301, and the other end is welded to the lower part of the two support arms 1305 respectively, and the two oblique supports 1304 have a certain angle with the balance beam 1301 respectively; the two bottom angles of the triangular hanger 1302 are symmetrically welded to the lower parts of the two support arms 1305 respectively, and the top angle thereof is selectively sleeved on the truss pin 9; the two limit brackets 1306 are respectively welded to the outer side of the upper part of the balance beam 1301 and correspond one to one with the two truss limiters 11 , used to limit the falling angle of the truss 13; the two workbenches 1307 are respectively welded on the two support arms 1305, and move upward under the support of the two brackets 707; the two circular backrests 1308 are respectively welded on the middle parts of the two support arms 1305, and are used for the two slideways 705 to slide relatively thereon; the two inner reinforcing plates 1309 are respectively welded on the inner sides of the lower parts of the two support arms 1305; the two outer reinforcing plates 1310 are respectively welded on the outer sides of the lower parts of the two support arms 1305; the two bottom solid shafts 1311 are respectively arranged parallel to the axes of the two bushings 1303, and one end of the two bottom solid shafts 1311 is respectively connected to the two inner reinforcing plates 1309 and the two outer reinforcing plates 1310 and the other ends of the two support arms 1305.

[0103] like Figure 5As shown, the brake kettle 14 includes: a reinforcement plate 1401, an I-beam bracket 1402, a sealing cover plate 1403, a channel steel frame 1404, a plurality of screw rods 1405, a plurality of support springs 1406, an anti-skid rubber 1407 and an anti-skid chain 1408. The reinforcing plate 1401 is welded to the top of the I-beam bracket 1402, and the I-beam bracket 1402 is connected to the inner reinforcing plate 1309; the channel steel frame 1404 is symmetrically and flushly welded to the bottom of the I-beam bracket 1402, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the four side channel steel side walls of the channel steel frame 1404 and a plurality of nuts are welded one by one; the anti-skid rubber 1407 is an arc-shaped structure and is arranged at the lower part of the I-beam bracket 1402 and the channel steel frame 1404, and the anti-skid rubber 1407 can be made of wear-resistant and anti-skid materials such as high-quality snow tires for large vehicles; the anti-skid chain 1408 is sleeved on the outside of the anti-skid rubber 1407, and the anti-skid chain 1408 can be used It is made of copper alloy or aluminum alloy and other materials that are not easy to generate sparks when rubbing or colliding with asphalt pavement, cement pavement and the above pavement and gravel; one end of a plurality of support springs 1406 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the I-beam bracket 1402, and the other end is supported on the anti-skid rubber 1407; a sealing cover plate 1403 is arranged on the upper part of the channel steel frame 1404 and the anti-skid rubber 1407, and is used to reinforce and seal the channel steel frame 1404 and the anti-skid rubber 1407; a plurality of screws 1405 respectively fix the anti-skid rubber 1407, the anti-skid chain 1408, and the sealing cover plate 1403 on the channel steel frame 1404 in sequence through a plurality of nuts on the side wall of the channel steel frame 1404.

[0104] When the two brake kettles 14 move downward with the truss 13 and contact the icy and snowy road surface, the anti-skid rubber 1407 is deformed, thereby increasing the friction resistance between the anti-skid rubber 1407 and the anti-skid chain 1408 and the icy and snowy road surface, thereby playing the role of rapid braking of the traditional anti-skid chain, making the braking distance shorter and the braking stability higher. Therefore, the above-mentioned brake kettle 14 can replace the traditional snow tire.

[0105] like Figure 6As shown, the drum brake 15 includes: a first pressure spring 1501, a first spring bracket 1502, a bottom plate 1503, two friction plates 1504, two brake shoes 1505, four second pressure springs 1506, four second spring brackets 1507, a plurality of fixing screws 1508, a support pin 1509 and a brake drum 1510. The bottom plate 1503 is fixedly connected to the outer reinforcing plate 1310 through a plurality of fixing screws 1508; the first spring bracket 1502 is fixed to one end of the bottom plate 1503; the support pin 1509 is fixed to the other end of the bottom plate 1503; the four second spring brackets 1507 are fixed to the bottom plate 1503 at intervals; the first pressure spring 1501 is fixed to the first spring bracket 1502; the four second pressure springs 1506 are fixed to the four second spring brackets 1507 one by one; the two brake shoes 1505 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 1503, and the bottoms of the two brake shoes 1505 are connected to the bottom plate 1503. The support pin 1509 is movably connected, and the top is movably connected to the two ends of the first pressure spring 1501, and the middle is movably connected to the four second pressure springs 1506; the two friction plates 1504 are fixedly connected to the two brake shoes 1505 through pins, and the two friction plates 1504 are respectively arranged on the outside of the two brake shoes 1505, and the two friction plates 1504 are always tensioned by the four second pressure springs 1506. The brake drum 1510 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the two friction plates 1504 and is rotatably connected to the other end of the bottom solid shaft 1311.

[0106] like Figure 7 As shown, the brake wheel 16 includes: a plurality of conical sharp teeth 1601, a tooth body 1602 and a plurality of countersunk holes 1603. The tooth body 1602 can be made of aluminum alloy, iron alloy and other materials, and is cast and processed simultaneously with the conical sharp teeth 1601 made of copper alloy or aluminum alloy, and is coaxially fixedly connected to the brake drum 1510; the plurality of conical sharp teeth 1601 are arranged at intervals around the tooth body 1602, and can be made of copper alloy or aluminum alloy and other materials that can avoid damaging asphalt pavement, cement pavement and are not prone to sparks when rubbing or colliding with the above pavement and gravel; the plurality of countersunk holes 1603 are arranged in the same circle on the tooth body 1602, and correspond one by one to the screw holes on the brake drum 1510 respectively.

[0107] When the conical tines 1601 of the two brake wheels 16 move downward along with the truss 13 and contact the icy and snowy road surface, they will hit small pits on the icy and snowy road surface. Under the combined braking of the two drum brakes 15, the conical tines 1601 break through the icy and snowy road surface and are forced to roll forward, which can not only allow the vehicle traveling at high speed on the icy and snowy road surface to quickly decelerate or stop, but also prevent the vehicle from skidding when braking on the icy and snowy road surface. Therefore, the brake wheel 16 is dozens of times more effective in quickly braking and preventing skidding on icy and snowy roads than ordinary tires.

[0108] The working principle of the braking device of the automobile on icy and snowy roads is as follows:

[0109] When the driver sets the road driving mode conversion switch to the normal road driving mode, the brake system of the present invention including the solenoid valve 2, the brake oil pump 6 and the pin shaft motor 10 are all inoperative, the drum brake 15 is always automatically tightened by the first pressure spring 1501 and the four second pressure springs 1506, the truss pin shaft 9 and the bracket 707 on the brake oil cylinder 7 support and hold the truss 13 to prevent it from falling accidentally and hide the truss 13, the two brake kettles 14, the drum brake 15 and the two brake wheels 16 under the vehicle chassis;

[0110] When the driver sets the road driving mode conversion switch to the ice and snow road driving mode, the brake indicator light of the original vehicle and the ABS motor of the original vehicle automatically control the brake device on the ice and snow road, the brake oil pump 6 starts to operate normally, and the start, stop and pressure maintenance of the brake oil pump 6 are automatically controlled by the pressure switch of the pressure gauge 1; the descending coil of the solenoid valve 2 is energized, and the brackets 707 on the two brake oil cylinders 7 are extended along with their piston rods 704, and stay at a suitable position below the vehicle chassis and above the bottom plane of the truss 13;

[0111] When the driver sets the road driving mode conversion switch to the ice and snow road driving mode, the ice and snow road brake device will brake the vehicle quickly and safely together with the original vehicle braking system. When the brake brake activates the original vehicle ABS motor, the pin shaft motor 10 will be energized in the positive direction to open the truss pin shaft 9, and the two brake kettles 14 and the two brake wheels 16 will be pressed onto the ice and snow road surface respectively as the truss 13 moves downward rapidly (the truss stopper 11 is used to limit the descending angle of the truss 13 to prevent the two rear tires of the vehicle from leaving the ice and snow road surface during braking). Since the truss 13 has a certain inclination angle with the ice and snow road surface and the vehicle is still moving forward, the friction resistance of the anti-skid rubber 1407 and the anti-skid chain 1408 on the two brake kettles 14 to the ice and snow road surface increases instantly; the conical sharp teeth 1601 on the two brake wheels 16 are constrained by the two drum brakes 15 while breaking through the ice and snow road surface and being forced to roll forward. In this way, vehicles traveling at high speed on icy and snowy roads can be quickly decelerated or stopped, and the vehicle can be very effectively prevented from skidding when braking on icy and snowy roads. When the driver lifts the brake pedal after the vehicle is traveling at a low speed or stops moving forward, the rising coil of the solenoid valve 2 is energized, and the brackets 707 on the two brake cylinders 7 will automatically lift the truss 13 and move it upward. When the truss 13 moves upward and returns to its original position, the rising coil of the solenoid valve 2 loses power, and the piston rods 704 on the two brake cylinders 7 stop moving upward at the same time. After the pin motor 10 is energized in the reverse direction so that the truss pin 9 supports the truss 13, the descending coil of the solenoid valve 2 is energized, and the brackets 707 on the two brake cylinders 7 are extended along with their piston rods 704, and stay at appropriate positions below the vehicle chassis and above the bottom plane of the truss 13, and this cycle repeats.

[0112] When the driver resets the road driving mode conversion switch to the normal road driving mode (at this time the truss pin 9 has supported the truss 13), the rising coil of the solenoid valve 2 is energized, and the brackets 707 on the two brake cylinders 7 are retracted along with their piston rods 704 to support the truss 13, and after the truss 13, brake kettle 14, drum brake 15 and brake wheel 16 are hidden under the vehicle chassis, the entire ice and snow road braking system automatically stops working.

[0113] The present invention designs and develops a braking device for automobiles on icy and snowy roads, which is electrically interlocked with the brake indicator light and the ABS motor of the original vehicle. After the icy and snowy road braking device of the present invention is activated, it performs dual braking on the vehicle together with the original vehicle braking system; the start and stop and pressure maintenance of the brake oil pump are realized through the pressure switch on the pressure gauge, and the truss is lowered or raised through the combination of the pin shaft motor and the brake oil cylinder. The brake kettle and the brake wheel are pressed onto the icy and snowy road surface with the rapid downward movement of the truss, which can not only allow the vehicle traveling at high speed on the icy and snowy road surface to quickly decelerate or stop very safely, but also effectively prevent the vehicle from skidding when braking on the icy and snowy road surface. Thereby avoiding and reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents, and further ensuring the safety of the vehicle itself, the driver and passengers, pedestrians on the road and other vehicles; through the combination of the truss pin and the triangular hanger on the truss, the secondary fixation of the truss is achieved, preventing the truss from accidentally falling when the ice and snow road brake device described in the present invention is not in use; at the same time, through the combination of the truss limiter and the limit bracket on the truss, the descending angle of the truss is limited, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the vehicle during braking.

[0114] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A braking device for a car on an icy or snowy road, characterized in that: include: Brake oil pump; as well as Two brake oil cylinders, one end of which is rotatably arranged on the vehicle and connected to the brake oil pump respectively, and the two brake oil cylinders are electrically interlocked with the brake indicator light of the original vehicle and the ABS motor of the original vehicle through a solenoid valve; A truss, the upper end of which is rotatably arranged on the chassis of the vehicle through two lower base plates, the truss is movably connected to the piston rods of the two brake cylinders, and when normally retracted, the truss and the two brake kettles, two drum brakes and two brake wheels are all hidden under the chassis of the vehicle; Two brake kettles, which are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the truss and between the two rear wheel running tracks of the vehicle; Two drum brakes are symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the lower ends of the trusses; Two brake wheels, which are respectively arranged on the two drum brakes and above the running tracks of the two rear wheels of the vehicle, and the two brake wheels are provided with a plurality of conical sharp teeth at intervals in the circumferential direction; The friction plates in the two drum brakes respectively always tighten their two brake drums.

2. The braking device for a car on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The valve seat includes a first oil inlet hole, a second oil inlet hole, an oil return hole, a second descending oil hole and a second ascending oil hole; An oil storage box, whose oil inlet hole is connected to the oil return hole of the valve seat, and whose oil discharge hole is connected to the oil inlet hole of the brake oil pump; A relief valve connected to the valve seat; A solenoid valve connected to the overflow valve; A pressure gauge is arranged in the cab and connected to the first oil inlet, and a pressure switch of the pressure gauge automatically controls the start, stop and pressure maintenance of the brake oil pump; Wherein, the second oil inlet hole of the valve seat is connected to the oil discharge hole of the brake oil pump.

3. The braking device for a car on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: a plurality of second supports fixed at intervals on the chassis of the vehicle; A truss pin shaft, which is slidably disposed between the plurality of second supports, and the truss pin shaft is provided with a rack structure; A pin shaft motor is arranged on the chassis of the vehicle, and the pin shaft motor is electrically interlocked with the brake indicator light of the original vehicle and the ABS motor of the original vehicle; A transmission gear connected to the output end of the pin motor, and the transmission gear is meshed with the rack structure; Two truss stoppers, which are respectively arranged on the chassis of the vehicle through two lower base plates; A road driving mode conversion switch, which is electrically interlocked with the solenoid valve, the brake oil pump and the pin shaft motor; Wherein, the two truss limiters are respectively matched with the two limit brackets on the truss to limit the descending angle of the truss.

4. The braking device for a car on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: Two oil cylinder brackets, the upper parts of which are fixedly connected to the appropriate positions of the trunk through connecting rods, and the two upper base plates at the bottom are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the trunk, and the two oil cylinder brackets are respectively close to one side of the rear seat of the vehicle and the two sides of the trunk; Wherein, the upper ends of the two brake oil cylinders are rotatably arranged on the two oil cylinder brackets respectively; Two first supports, which are symmetrically arranged on the chassis of the vehicle through two lower base plates, and close to one side of the rear bumper of the vehicle and both sides of the trunk; Two hollow shafts are respectively and symmetrically fixedly connected to the two first supports.

5. The braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The brake cylinders all include: A cylinder barrel, one end of which is rotatably connected to the cylinder bracket through the hollow shaft; A first descending oil hole, which is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder barrel; a first rising oil hole, which is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder barrel; A piston rod, which is slidably connected to the cylinder barrel through components such as a piston ring; A slideway, one end of which is fixed to the other end of the brake cylinder and is used to guide and protect the piston rod of the brake cylinder; A slider, which is slidably disposed in the slideway and connected to the piston rod of the brake cylinder; a bracket, a middle portion of which is fixed on the slider; Wherein, the first descending oil hole of the brake oil cylinder is connected to the second descending oil hole of the valve seat, and the first ascending oil hole of the brake oil cylinder is connected to the second ascending oil hole of the valve seat.

6. The braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The trusses all include: Two shaft sleeves, which are rotatably arranged on the two hollow shafts respectively; Two support arms, one end of which is fixed on the two shaft sleeves respectively, and the lower parts of the two support arms are bent upwards so that the bottom outer edges of the two brake kettles and the two brake wheels are above the bottom plane of the truss after they are retracted; a balance beam disposed between the upper portions of the two support arms; Two oblique supports, one end of which is arranged at the middle of the balance beam, and the other end of which is symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the two support arms; A triangular hanger, the two bottom corners of which are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the two support arms, and the top corners of which are selectively sleeved on the truss pins; Two limiting brackets, which are respectively arranged on the upper parts of the two support arms; Two workbenches, which are respectively arranged on the two support arms, and the two workbenches are selectively connected to the two brackets respectively; Two circular backrests, which are respectively arranged on the two support arms, and the two circular backrests are respectively slidably connected to the slideways on the brake cylinder; Two inner reinforcing plates, which are respectively fixed to the inner sides of the other ends of the two support arms; Two outer reinforcing plates, which are respectively fixed to the outer sides of the other ends of the two support arms; Two bottom solid shafts are respectively arranged in parallel with the two shaft sleeves, and one end of the two bottom solid shafts is respectively connected with the other ends of the two inner reinforcing plates, the two outer reinforcing plates and the two support arms.

7. The braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The brake kettle comprises: A reinforcing plate welded to the top of the I-beam support; An I-beam support connected to the inner reinforcement plate on the truss; The channel steel frame is symmetrically welded to the bottom of the I-beam support, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the side walls of the four sides of the channel steel frame and a plurality of nuts are welded one by one; Anti-skid rubber, which is an arc-shaped structure and is arranged at the lower part of the I-beam support and the channel steel frame; A plurality of support springs, one end of which is fixed to the lower part of the I-beam support and the other end is supported on the anti-slip rubber; An anti-skid chain, which is sleeved on the outer side of the anti-skid rubber; A sealing cover plate, which is arranged on the upper part of the two channel steel frames and the anti-skid rubber, and is used to reinforce and seal the channel steel frames and the anti-skid rubber; A plurality of screw rods are used to sequentially fix the anti-skid rubber, the anti-skid chain and the sealing cover plate on the channel steel frame through a plurality of nuts on the channel steel side walls of the channel steel frame.

8. The braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The drum brakes all include: A bottom plate fixed to the outer reinforcing plate; a first spring bracket fixed to one end of the base plate; a first pressure spring, which is fixed on the first spring bracket; a support pin fixed to the other end of the base plate; four second spring brackets fixed to the bottom plate at intervals; Four second pressure springs, which are fixed on the four second spring brackets respectively and one by one; Two brake shoes are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate, and the bottoms of the two brake shoes are movably connected to the support pins, the tops are respectively connected to the two ends of the first pressure spring, and the middle parts are connected to the four second pressure springs; Two friction plates, which are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two brake shoes; The brake drum is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the two friction plates and is rotatably connected to the other end of the bottom solid shaft on the truss.

9. The braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The brake wheels all include: A tooth body, which is coaxially connected to the brake drum on the drum brake; A plurality of conical pointed teeth are arranged at intervals around the tooth body; A plurality of countersunk holes are cocircularly arranged on the tooth body and correspond one-to-one to the screw holes on the brake drum of the drum brake.

10. The braking device for a vehicle on an icy or snowy road as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The anti-skid chain on the brake kettle and the multiple conical sharp teeth on the brake wheel can be made of materials such as copper alloy or aluminum alloy that can avoid damaging asphalt pavement and cement pavement and are not easy to generate sparks when rubbing or colliding with the above pavement and stones.

Images