Lifting mechanism and lifting method of crane

Abstract

The lifting mechanism comprises a base and a lifting hook assembly, a cross beam is installed at the top of the base, a roller installation frame is installed on one side of the cross beam, a roller is rotationally installed on the roller installation frame, and a gearbox connected with the roller is installed at the end, located on the roller, of the base. A first motor for driving the gearbox is mounted on the base; a rotating seat is mounted on the cross beam, a first pulley mounting seat is rotationally mounted on the rotating seat through a pin shaft, and a first pulley is rotationally mounted on the first pulley mounting seat; two second pulleys are installed at the top end of the lifting hook assembly, and a steel wire rope is wound around the roller. According to the lifting device, when the lifting hook assembly lifts at different heights, the included angle of the steel wire rope at the lifting hook assembly can change, so that the angle of the rotating first pulley mounting seat can change to adapt to the angle of the steel wire rope, the pulley can be matched with the angle of the steel wire rope, and the lifting smoothness is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to cranes, and in particular to a lifting mechanism and a lifting method of a crane. Background Art

[0002] A crane is a multi-action lifting machine that can lift and carry heavy objects vertically and horizontally within a certain range. It is also called a crane. The main features of a tire crane are: its driving cab and lifting control cab are combined into one, and it is evolved from a crawler crane (crawler crane). The crawler and traveling support parts of the traveling mechanism are transformed into a chassis with tires, which overcomes the disadvantage of crawler cranes (crawler cranes) that the crawler plates damage the road surface. It belongs to material handling machinery. Some lifting equipment has the working characteristic of intermittent movement, that is, the corresponding mechanisms of material collection, transportation, unloading and other actions work alternately in a working cycle. The development and use of cranes in the market are becoming more and more extensive.

[0003] The existing publication number CN103935918A discloses a crane lifting mechanism with a wire rope anti-winding function, which comprises a drum, the top of which is mounted on the crane beam through a traveling gear, and one side of the drum is externally connected to a reducer and a driving motor; the drum comprises a drum cover, an opening is arranged on the drum cover, bearings are arranged at both ends of the drum cover, a rotating shaft is arranged between the two bearings, two drum hubs are arranged on the rotating shaft, a drum body is arranged outside the drum hub, a steel rope groove is arranged on the drum body, a steel rope is wound around the steel rope groove, one end of the steel rope passes through the opening of the drum cover and extends vertically downward, and a hook is arranged at the end of the steel rope; the characteristic is that a protective ring is arranged on the inner wall of the drum cover at the outer end of the drum body, and the difference S between the inner hole radius of the protective ring and the outer wall radius of the drum body is less than the diameter D of the steel wire rope; the hidden danger of the steel wire rope being slanted and wound into the rotating shaft and causing jamming is effectively eliminated, the safety of use is improved, and the equipment failure rate is greatly reduced. However, the prior art uses a single steel wire rope for lifting. However, when the single steel wire rope is lifted or lowered, its horizontal distance will change greatly, thereby affecting the stability during lifting.

[0004] Some wire ropes are lifted in a V-shaped manner, with the pulley on the top installed on a fixed structure. Therefore, when the hook is lifted, the pulley cannot match the angle of the wire rope, thus affecting the lifting performance. For this reason, we propose a lifting mechanism and lifting method for a crane. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a lifting mechanism and a lifting method of a crane to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a lifting mechanism of a crane, comprising a base and a hook assembly, a crossbeam is installed on the top of the base, a roller mounting frame is installed on one side of the crossbeam, a roller is rotatably installed on the roller mounting frame, a gearbox connected to the roller is installed on one end of the roller, and a first motor driving the gearbox is installed on the base;

[0007] The crossbeam is installed with a rotating seat, the rotating seat is rotatably installed with a first pulley mounting seat through a pin shaft, and the first pulley mounting seat is rotatably installed with a first pulley;

[0008] Two second pulleys are installed on the top of the hook assembly, and a steel wire rope is wound on the drum. The steel wire rope passes through the two second pulleys and then hangs on the first pulley;

[0009] Damping ropes are respectively installed on both sides of the hook assembly, and the base is installed with two retractable and retractable assemblies for respectively driving the damping ropes.

[0010] Preferably, the retractable assembly is composed of a retractable motor and a retractable wheel, and the retractable wheel is driven by the retractable motor.

[0011] Preferably, two limiting slip rings are installed in the middle of the drum, and two limiting rods for limiting the limiting slip rings are installed between the two drum mounting frames.

[0012] Preferably, the drum comprises a drum body, both ends of the drum body are provided with wire rope grooves, and a tightening pressure plate is installed at the outer end of the drum body located at the wire rope groove.

[0013] Preferably, the gearbox includes a housing, the housing is equipped with a gear shaft, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is equipped with a first gear and a third gear, the second rotating shaft is equipped with a second gear and a fourth gear, the third rotating shaft is equipped with a fifth gear, the third gear is meshed with the gear of the gear shaft, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the fourth gear is meshed with the fifth gear, the diameter of the fourth gear is larger than the diameter of the first gear, the diameter of the second gear is larger than the diameter of the first gear and the diameter of the fourth gear, and the diameter of the fifth gear is larger than the diameter of the fourth gear.

[0014] Preferably, a brake wheel is installed at one end of the third rotating shaft, a brake assembly is arranged on the outer side of the brake wheel, and a driving member for driving the brake assembly is installed on the base.

[0015] Preferably, four corners of the base are each provided with running wheels, wherein two corresponding running wheels are connected via a connecting shaft, and the base is provided with a second motor for driving the running wheels to rotate.

[0016] A crane lifting method uses the aforementioned crane lifting mechanism; comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, driving the travel wheel to rotate by the second motor to realize the travel of the lifting mechanism;

[0018] S2. The first motor and the gearbox are used to drive the roller to rotate. When the roller rotates, the wire rope is retracted and released. When the wire rope is retracted and released, the hook assembly is lifted and lowered. When the hook assembly is lifted and lowered to different heights, the angle of the wire rope at the hook assembly will change, so that the angle of the rotating first pulley mounting seat will change to adapt to the angle of the wire rope.

[0019] S3. When the hook assembly reaches the specified height, the driving member drives the brake assembly to act on the brake wheel to achieve the function of braking and fixing.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. As the hook assembly is lifted to different heights, the angle of the wire rope at the hook assembly will change, so the angle of the rotating first pulley mounting seat will change to adapt to the angle of the wire rope, so that the pulley can cooperate with the angle of the wire rope, and the lifting smoothness is better.

[0022] 2. Through the cooperation of the first motor and the gearbox, the roller can be driven to rotate. When the roller rotates, the wire rope can be retracted and released. When the wire rope is retracted and released, the hook assembly can be raised and lowered. When the specified height is reached, the brake assembly can be driven by the driving member to act on the brake wheel, thereby playing the role of braking and fixing.

[0023] 3. Two limit slip rings are installed in the middle of the drum, and two limit rods are installed between the two drum mounting frames to limit the limit slip rings. The limit rods can limit the rotation of the limit slip rings, and the limit slip rings can limit the position of the wire ropes on both sides to avoid the problem of the wire ropes on both sides getting entangled and affecting the lifting.

[0024] 4. Damping ropes are installed on both sides of the hook assembly, and the base is installed with two retractable and retractable assemblies that drive the damping ropes respectively. By arranging damping ropes on both sides, the hook assembly can be tensioned to improve the stability of the hook assembly when it is lifted or lowered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2The present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drum of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gearbox of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. crossbeam; 2. drum mounting frame; 3. driving member; 4. brake assembly; 5. gearbox; 6. first motor; 7. first pulley; 8. limiting slip ring; 9. limiting rod; 10. drum; 11. base; 12. second pulley; 13. hook assembly; 14. wire rope; 15. damping rope; 16. first pulley mounting seat; 17. connecting shaft; 18. second motor; 19. walking wheel; 20. brake wheel; 51. box body; 52. first gear; 53. second gear; 54. gear shaft; 55. third gear; 56. fourth gear; 57. fifth gear; 101. drum body; 102. wire rope groove; 103. fastening plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1-4In an embodiment of the present invention, a lifting mechanism of a crane includes a base 11 and a hook assembly 13, wherein four corners of the base 11 are each provided with a travel wheel 19, wherein two corresponding travel wheels 19 are connected via a connecting shaft 17, and the base 11 is provided with a second motor 18 that drives the travel wheel 19 to rotate, a crossbeam 1 is provided on the top of the base 11, a roller mounting frame 2 is provided on one side of the crossbeam 1, a roller 10 is rotatably mounted on the roller mounting frame 2, a gearbox 5 connected to the roller 10 is provided at one end of the roller 10, and a first motor 6 that drives the gearbox 5 is provided on the base 11; two limit slip rings 8 are provided at the middle of the roller 10, and two limit rods 9 for limiting the limit slip rings 8 are provided between the two roller mounting frames 2, the limit rod 9 can limit the rotation of the limit slip ring 8, and the limit slip ring 8 can limit the position of the wire ropes on both sides to avoid the problem that the wire ropes on both sides are entangled and affect the lifting.

[0033] The crossbeam 1 is installed with a rotating seat, and the rotating seat is rotatably installed with a first pulley mounting seat 16 through a pin shaft, and the first pulley mounting seat 16 is rotatably installed with a first pulley 7; because the angle of the wire rope at the hook assembly will change when the hook assembly is lifted or lowered to different heights, the angle of the rotating first pulley mounting seat will change to adapt to the angle of the wire rope, so that the pulley can cooperate with the angle of the wire rope, and the lifting smoothness is better.

[0034] Two second pulleys 12 are installed on the top of the hook assembly 13 , and a steel wire rope 14 is wound around the drum 10 . The steel wire rope 14 passes through the two second pulleys 12 and then hangs on the first pulley 7 .

[0035] Damping ropes 15 are respectively installed on both sides of the hook assembly 13, and the base 11 is installed with two retractable assemblies that respectively drive the damping ropes 15. The retractable assemblies are composed of a retractable motor and a retractable wheel. The retractable wheel is driven by the retractable motor. By arranging the damping ropes 15 on both sides, the hook assembly 13 can be tensioned to improve the stability of the hook assembly 13 in lifting and lowering.

[0036] The drum 10 includes a drum body 101, both ends of which are provided with wire rope grooves 102, and a tightening plate 103 is installed at the outer end of the wire rope groove 102 of the drum body 101, through which the wire rope can be tightened to prevent it from falling off.

[0037] The gearbox 5 includes a housing 51, on which a gear shaft 54, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft are installed. The first rotating shaft is installed with a first gear 52 and a third gear 55, the second rotating shaft is installed with a second gear 53 and a fourth gear 56, and the third rotating shaft is installed with a fifth gear 57. The third gear 55 is meshed with the gear of the gear shaft 54, the first gear 52 is meshed with the second gear 53, the fourth gear 56 is meshed with the fifth gear 57, the diameter of the fourth gear 56 is larger than the diameter of the first gear 52, the diameter of the second gear 53 is larger than the diameter of the first gear 52 and the diameter of the fourth gear 56, and the diameter of the fifth gear 57 is larger than the diameter of the fourth gear 56.

[0038] A brake wheel 20 is installed at one end of the third rotating shaft, and a brake assembly 4 is arranged on the outer side of the brake wheel 20. The base 11 is installed with a driving member 3 for driving the brake assembly 4. When the hook assembly 13 reaches a specified height, the brake assembly can be driven by the driving member to act on the brake wheel, thereby playing a role of braking and fixing.

[0039] A crane lifting method uses the aforementioned crane lifting mechanism; comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1, driving the travel wheel to rotate by the second motor 18 to realize the travel of the lifting mechanism;

[0041] S2. The first motor 6 and the gearbox 5 are used to drive the roller to rotate. When the roller rotates, the wire rope is retracted and released. When the wire rope is retracted and released, the hook assembly 13 is lifted and lowered. When the hook assembly 13 is lifted and lowered to different heights, the angle of the wire rope at the hook assembly 13 will change, so that the angle of the rotating first pulley mounting seat 16 will change to adapt to the angle of the wire rope.

[0042] S3, when the hook assembly 13 reaches the specified height, the driving member 3 drives the brake assembly 4 to act on the brake wheel 20 to achieve the function of braking and fixing.

[0043] The working principle of the present invention is: the second motor 18 is used to drive the walking wheel to rotate, so that the lifting mechanism can move. The first motor 6 and the gearbox 5 can cooperate to drive the roller to rotate. When the roller rotates, the wire rope can be retracted and released. When the wire rope is retracted and released, the lifting and lowering of the hook assembly 13 is realized. When the specified height is reached, the brake assembly 4 can be driven by the driving member 3 to act on the brake wheel 20 to play a braking and fixing role. When the hook assembly 13 is lifted and lowered to different heights, the angle of the wire rope at the hook assembly 13 will change, so that the angle of the rotating first pulley mounting seat 16 will change to adapt to the angle of the wire rope.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lifting mechanism of a crane, comprising a base (11) and a hook assembly (13), characterized in that: A crossbeam (1) is installed on the top of the base (11); a roller mounting frame (2) is installed on one side of the crossbeam (1); a roller (10) is rotatably mounted on the roller mounting frame (2); a gearbox (5) connected to the roller (10) is installed on one end of the base (11) and is located at the bottom of the base (11); and a first motor (6) for driving the gearbox (5) is installed on the base (11); The crossbeam (1) is mounted with a rotating seat, the rotating seat is rotatably mounted with a first pulley mounting seat (16) via a pin, and the first pulley mounting seat (16) is rotatably mounted with a first pulley (7); Two second pulleys (12) are installed at the top of the hook assembly (13), a steel wire rope (14) is wound around the drum (10), and the steel wire rope (14) passes through the two second pulleys (12) and is hung on the first pulley (7); Damping ropes (15) are respectively installed on both sides of the hook assembly (13), and the base (11) is installed with two retractable and retractable assemblies for respectively driving the damping ropes (15).

2. A lifting mechanism for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retractable assembly is composed of a retractable motor and a retractable wheel, and the retractable wheel is driven by the retractable motor.

3. The lifting mechanism of a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two limiting slip rings (8) are installed in the middle of the roller (10), and two limiting rods (9) for limiting the limiting slip rings (8) are installed between the two roller mounting frames (2).

4. A lifting mechanism for a crane according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The drum (10) comprises a drum body (101), both ends of the drum body (101) are provided with wire rope grooves (102), and a fastening pressure plate (103) is installed at the outer end of the drum body (101) located at the wire rope groove (102).

5. The lifting mechanism of a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gearbox (5) comprises a housing (51), the housing (51) being provided with a gear shaft (54), a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft being provided with a first gear (52) and a third gear (55), the second rotating shaft being provided with a second gear (53) and a fourth gear (56), the third rotating shaft being provided with a fifth gear (57), the third gear (55) being meshed with a gear of the gear shaft (54), the first gear (52) being meshed with the second gear (53), the fourth gear (56) being meshed with the fifth gear (57), the diameter of the fourth gear (56) being greater than the diameter of the first gear (52), the diameter of the second gear (53) being greater than the diameter of the first gear (52) and the diameter of the fourth gear (56), and the diameter of the fifth gear (57) being greater than the diameter of the fourth gear (56).

6. A lifting mechanism for a crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: A brake wheel (20) is installed at one end of the third rotating shaft, a brake assembly (4) is arranged on the outer side of the brake wheel (20), and a driving member (3) for driving the brake assembly (4) is installed on the base (11).

7. The lifting mechanism of a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Travel wheels (19) are installed at the four corners of the base (11), wherein two corresponding travel wheels (19) are connected via a connecting shaft (17), and the base (11) is installed with a second motor (18) for driving the travel wheels (19) to rotate.

8. A crane lifting method, characterized in that: A lifting mechanism of a crane according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used; comprising the following steps: S1, driving the travel wheel to rotate by the second motor (18) to achieve the travel of the lifting mechanism; S2, through the cooperation of the first motor (6) and the gearbox (5), the roller is driven to rotate, and when the roller rotates, the steel wire rope is retracted and released, and when the steel wire rope is retracted and released, the hook assembly (13) is lifted and lowered; when the hook assembly (13) is lifted and lowered to different heights, the angle of the steel wire rope at the hook assembly (13) will change, so that the angle of the rotating first pulley mounting seat (16) will change to adapt to the angle of the steel wire rope; S3, when the hook assembly (13) reaches a specified height, the driving member (3) drives the brake assembly (4) to act on the brake wheel (20), thereby achieving a braking and fixing effect.

Images