6101 aluminum alloy and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a 6101 aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation. Comprising the following steps: preparing molten aluminum alloy, wherein the aluminum alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 0.500% of S , 0.200% of Fe, 0.00230% of Cu, 0.00120% of Mn, 0.700% of Mg, 0.0163% of Zn, 0.00010% of Cr and 1t of other impurities; 0.05%, and the total amount of other impurities is 1t; 0.15%, with the balance being Al; smelting to obtain molten aluminum alloy; casting to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot; and extrusion forming, quenching, cooling, straightening and stretching are conducted, and the aluminum alloy profile is obtained. And performing aging treatment and circular treatment to obtain the 6101 aluminum alloy with excellent hardness and conductivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, and specifically relates to a 6101 aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Among many types of aluminum alloy materials, Al-Mg-Si alloys stand out with their excellent strength, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and outstanding extrusion molding characteristics, becoming an ideal choice for manufacturing high-strength and high-conductivity all-aluminum wires. In this series of alloys, 6101 and 6201 alloys are particularly noteworthy, and their application range is extremely wide around the world. 6101 aluminum alloy, as a high-performance alloy, mainly consists of aluminum, magnesium, silicon and copper. This alloy plays an important role in many engineering fields due to its high strength and high plasticity, covering many industries such as construction, aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and electrical appliance production. In these different application scenarios, the hardness and conductivity of 6101 aluminum alloy are its key mechanical properties, which are crucial to its use effect. In order to further improve the conductivity of 6101 aluminum alloy on the basis of maintaining its excellent hardness, it is an important way to continuously optimize its performance to improve its market competitiveness. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a 6101 aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof, so as to solve the problem of further improving the electrical conductivity of the 6101 aluminum alloy while maintaining its hardness.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Preparation of aluminum alloy melt: The mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are <0.05% each, other impurities are <0.15% in total, and the rest is Al;

[0007] Weigh the raw materials according to the mass percentage of the above elements, add them into the smelting furnace, and smelt them to obtain aluminum alloy melt;

[0008] S2, casting: casting the aluminum alloy melt, air-cooling it after it is taken out of the furnace, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot;

[0009] S3, extruding the aluminum alloy ingot on a 4000T forward extruder, quenching, cooling, straightening and stretching to obtain an aluminum alloy profile;

[0010] S4. After subjecting the aluminum alloy profile to aging treatment and recycling treatment, the 6101 aluminum alloy is obtained.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, the smelting temperature is 700-750°C.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S2, the casting temperature is 700-720°C and the casting speed is 50-60 mm / min.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, the extrusion speed of the extrusion molding is 4-6m / min, the temperature during extrusion molding is 480-510℃, the mold temperature is 420-450℃, the extrusion barrel temperature is 410±10℃, the residual thickness is ≥45mm, and the discharge port temperature is ≥510℃.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, the quenching refers to keeping the temperature at 550-570° C. for 3-4 hours.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, the aging treatment refers to first keeping warm at 150-170°C for 3-5h, then keeping warm at 175-185°C for 12-16h, and then keeping warm at 190-230°C for 4-9h.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, the cyclic treatment refers to keeping warm at -50°C for 0.5-1h, then keeping warm at 280-320°C for 2-3h, then keeping warm at -60°C for 20-30min, then keeping warm at 250-270°C for 4-6h, then keeping warm at -70°C for 15min, and then keeping warm at 200-220°C for 7-9h.

[0017] A 6101 aluminum alloy prepared by using the above preparation process.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] A 6101 aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof disclosed in the present invention adjust the Mg / Si mass ratio to obtain an ideal Mg / Si mass ratio of 1.4, increase the nucleation rate of the β" phase, promote the precipitation amount and precipitation rate of the β" phase, and at the same time, after the alloy is aged, the excess Si with a low solid solubility in the matrix will separate from the matrix and precipitate in the form of spheroidized particles, thereby reducing the lattice distortion of the matrix and being beneficial to the improvement of the electrical conductivity; the alloy contains an appropriate amount of Fe element, which forms a hard phase such as Al-Fe-Si, Al-Fe-Cu, etc. with other alloy elements, further improving the hardness of the alloy, thereby ensuring the electrical conductivity of the 6101 aluminum alloy while greatly improving the strength of the alloy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Preparation of aluminum alloy melt: The mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are <0.05% each, other impurities are <0.15% in total, and the rest is Al;

[0024] Weighing raw materials according to the mass percentage of the above elements and adding them into a smelting furnace, smelting to obtain aluminum alloy melt; the smelting temperature is 700° C.;

[0025] S2, casting: casting the aluminum alloy melt, air-cooling it out of the furnace, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot; the casting temperature is 700° C. and the casting speed is 50 mm / min;

[0026] S3, extruding the aluminum alloy ingot on a 4000T forward extruder, quenching, cooling, straightening and stretching to obtain an aluminum alloy profile; the extrusion speed of the extrusion molding is 4m / min, the temperature during the extrusion molding is 480°C, the mold temperature is 420°C, the extrusion barrel temperature is 400°C, the residual thickness is ≥45mm, and the discharge port temperature is ≥510°C; the quenching refers to keeping warm at 550°C for 3h;

[0027] S4. The aluminum alloy profile is subjected to aging treatment and cyclic treatment to obtain the 6101 aluminum alloy; the aging treatment refers to keeping warm at 150°C for 3 hours, then keeping warm at 175°C for 12 hours, and then keeping warm at 190°C for 4 hours; the cyclic treatment refers to keeping warm at -50°C for 0.5 hours, then keeping warm at 280°C for 2 hours, then keeping warm at -60°C for 20 minutes, then keeping warm at 250°C for 4 hours, then keeping warm at -70°C for 15 minutes, and then keeping warm at 200°C for 7 hours.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] A preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Preparation of aluminum alloy melt: The mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are <0.05% each, other impurities are <0.15% in total, and the rest is Al;

[0031] Weigh the raw materials according to the mass percentage of the above elements and add them into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain aluminum alloy melt; the smelting temperature is 720°C;

[0032] S2, casting: casting the aluminum alloy melt, taking it out of the furnace and air cooling it to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot; the casting temperature is 710° C. and the casting speed is 55 mm / min;

[0033] S3, the aluminum alloy ingot is extruded on a 4000T forward extruder, quenched, cooled, straightened and stretched to obtain an aluminum alloy profile; the extrusion speed of the extrusion molding is 5m / min, the temperature during the extrusion molding is 495°C, the mold temperature is 435°C, the extrusion barrel temperature is 410°C, the residual thickness is ≥45mm, and the discharge port temperature is ≥510°C; the quenching refers to keeping warm at 560°C for 3.5h;

[0034] S4. The aluminum alloy profile is subjected to aging treatment and cyclic treatment to obtain the 6101 aluminum alloy; the aging treatment refers to first keeping warm at 165°C for 4 hours, then keeping warm at 180°C for 14 hours, and then keeping warm at 210°C for 7 hours; the cyclic treatment refers to keeping warm at -50°C for 0.8 hours, then keeping warm at 300°C for 2.5 hours, then keeping warm at -60°C for 25 minutes, then keeping warm at 260°C for 5 hours, then keeping warm at -70°C for 15 minutes, and then keeping warm at 210°C for 8 hours.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] A preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. Preparation of aluminum alloy melt: The mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are <0.05% each, other impurities are <0.15% in total, and the rest is Al;

[0038] Weighing raw materials according to the mass percentage of the above elements and adding them into a smelting furnace, smelting to obtain aluminum alloy melt; the smelting temperature is 750° C.;

[0039] S2, casting: casting the aluminum alloy melt, air-cooling it out of the furnace, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot; the casting temperature is 720° C. and the casting speed is 60 mm / min;

[0040] S3, the aluminum alloy ingot is extruded on a 4000T forward extruder, quenched, cooled, straightened and stretched to obtain an aluminum alloy profile; the extrusion speed of the extrusion molding is 6m / min, the temperature during the extrusion molding is 510°C, the mold temperature is 450°C, the extrusion barrel temperature is 420°C, the residual thickness is ≥45mm, and the discharge port temperature is ≥510°C; the quenching refers to keeping warm at 570°C for 4h;

[0041] S4. The aluminum alloy profile is subjected to aging treatment and cyclic treatment to obtain the 6101 aluminum alloy; the aging treatment refers to keeping warm at 170°C for 5 hours, then keeping warm at 185°C for 16 hours, and then keeping warm at 230°C for 9 hours; the cyclic treatment refers to keeping warm at -50°C for 1 hour, then keeping warm at 320°C for 3 hours, then keeping warm at -60°C for 30 minutes, then keeping warm at 270°C for 6 hours, then keeping warm at -70°C for 15 minutes, and then keeping warm at 220°C for 9 hours.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] The difference from Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy melt is prepared: the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.450%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are individually <0.05%, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al.

[0044] Comparative Example 2

[0045] The difference from Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy melt is prepared: the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.400%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are individually <0.05%, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al.

[0046] Comparative Example 3

[0047] The difference from Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy melt is prepared: the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.550%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are individually <0.05%, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al.

[0048] Comparative Example 4

[0049] The difference from Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy melt is prepared: the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.600%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are individually <0.05%, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al.

[0050] Comparative Example 5

[0051] The difference from Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy melt is prepared: the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.650%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are individually <0.05%, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al.

[0052] Comparative Example 6

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy melt is prepared: the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.600%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are individually <0.05%, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al.

[0054] Comparative Example 7

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy melt is prepared: the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.750%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are individually <0.05%, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al.

[0056] Comparative Example 8

[0057] The difference from Example 1 is that the aluminum alloy melt is prepared: the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.800%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are individually <0.05%, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al.

[0058] Comparative Example 9

[0059] The difference from Example 1 is that the aging treatment refers to keeping the temperature at 165° C. for 18 hours and then keeping the temperature at 210° C. for 7 hours.

[0060] Comparative Example 10

[0061] The difference from Example 1 is that the aging treatment refers to first keeping the temperature at 180° C. for 18 hours and then keeping the temperature at 210° C. for 7 hours.

[0062] Comparative Example 11

[0063] The difference from Example 1 is that the aging treatment refers to first keeping the temperature at 165° C. for 4 hours and then keeping the temperature at 180° C. for 21 hours.

[0064] Comparative Example 12

[0065] The difference from Example 1 is that the cyclic treatment refers to keeping warm at -60°C for 1.5 hours and then keeping warm at 260°C for 15.5 hours.

[0066] Comparative Example 13

[0067] The difference from Example 1 is that the cyclic treatment refers to keeping warm at -50°C for 1.5 hours and then keeping warm at 300°C for 15.5 hours.

[0068] Comparative Example 14

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that the cyclic treatment refers to keeping warm at -70°C for 1.5 hours and then keeping warm at 210°C for 15.5 hours.

[0070] Comparative Example 15

[0071] The difference from Example 1 is that the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.100%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are <0.05% each, the total amount of other impurities is <0.15%, and the rest is Al;

[0072] Performance Testing

[0073] The aluminum alloys prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-15 were tested for hardness. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0074] Table 1

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] As can be seen from Table 1, the Al-0.7Mg-0.5Si-0.2Fe 6101 aluminum alloy prepared in this application has good hardness and conductivity. Adjusting the Mg / Si mass ratio to obtain an ideal Mg / Si mass ratio of 1.4 increases the nucleation rate of the β" phase, promotes the precipitation amount and precipitation rate of the β" phase, and at the same time, after the alloy aging treatment, the excess Si with a low solid solubility in the matrix will separate from the matrix and precipitate in the form of spheroidized particles, reducing the lattice distortion of the matrix, which is beneficial to the improvement of the conductivity; the alloy contains an appropriate amount of Fe element, which forms hard phases such as Al-Fe-Si, Al-Fe-Cu, etc. with other alloy elements, further improving the hardness of the alloy, thus ensuring the conductivity of the 6101 aluminum alloy while greatly improving the strength of the alloy.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation of aluminum alloy melt: The mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy is: Si is 0.500%, Fe is 0.200%, Cu is 0.00230%, Mn is 0.00120%, Mg is 0.700%, Zn is 0.0163%, Cr is 0.00010%, other impurities are <0.05% each, other impurities are <0.15% in total, and the rest is Al; Weigh the raw materials according to the mass percentage of the above elements, add them into the smelting furnace, and smelt them to obtain aluminum alloy melt; S2, casting: casting the aluminum alloy melt, air-cooling it after it is taken out of the furnace, and obtaining an aluminum alloy ingot; S3, extruding the aluminum alloy ingot on a 4000T forward extruder, quenching, cooling, straightening and stretching to obtain an aluminum alloy profile; S4. After subjecting the aluminum alloy profile to aging treatment and recycling treatment, the 6101 aluminum alloy is obtained.

2. The preparation process of a 6101 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the smelting temperature is 700-750°C.

3. The preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the casting temperature is 700-720°C and the casting speed is 50-60 mm / min.

4. The preparation process of a 6101 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the extrusion speed of the extrusion molding is 4-6m / min, the temperature during extrusion molding is 480-510℃, the mold temperature is 420-450℃, the extrusion barrel temperature is 410±10℃, the residual thickness is ≥45mm, and the outlet temperature is ≥510℃.

5. The preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the quenching refers to keeping the temperature at 550-570° C. for 3-4 hours.

6. The preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the aging treatment refers to first keeping the temperature at 150-170°C for 3-5 hours, then keeping the temperature at 175-185°C for 12-16 hours, and then keeping the temperature at 190-230°C for 4-9 hours.

7. The preparation process of 6101 aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the cyclic treatment refers to keeping warm at -50°C for 0.5-1h, keeping warm at 280-320°C for 2-3h, keeping warm at -60°C for 20-30min, keeping warm at 250-270°C for 4-6h, keeping warm at -70°C for 15min, and keeping warm at 200-220°C for 7-9h.

8. A 6101 aluminum alloy obtained by the preparation process according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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