Ice plug plugging system for hydraulic tunnel with limited construction space

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic tunnel ice plug plugging system for construction space limitation, and belongs to the technical field of sealing of hydraulic engineering. Comprising a booster pump, a refrigerator and two water bags, an air bag is arranged between the water bags, and the surface of the air bag clings to the inner wall of a tunnel and is connected with the booster pump; the evaporation pipe is wound on the surface of the water bag and forms a gap with the inner wall of the tunnel; the evaporating pipe is filled with refrigerants and connected with the refrigerating machine to form a loop. Along with flowing of a refrigerant, water in gaps between the surfaces of the water bags and the inner wall of the tunnel is frozen to form gap ice plugs, two sections of water between the two water bags and the air bag are frozen to form solid ice plugs filling the tunnel space, and the solid ice plugs are divided into the upstream solid ice plug and the downstream solid ice plug according to the distance between the solid ice plugs and the water inlet of the tunnel; the pressure pump supplies air into the air bag to enable the air bag to form expansive force, and the expansive force is transmitted to the upstream solid ice plug to resist upstream water pressure and transmitted to the downstream solid ice plug. And the downstream solid ice plug forms reverse support on expansive force through friction force with the inner wall of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an ice plugging system for a hydraulic tunnel with limited construction space, belonging to the technical field of sealing (E02B3 / 16) of hydraulic engineering. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic tunnels are an important part of reservoir dams and are often used for multiple functions such as water diversion, drainage, and flood discharge. They are crucial to ensuring the safety, stability, and functionality of the dam. However, over time, the gates in the hydraulic tunnels may age, become damaged, or even fail to function properly, posing a hidden danger to the operation of the reservoir. In this case, manual maintenance is required. During maintenance, in order to ensure the safety of personnel, it is necessary to prevent water from leaking from the hydraulic tunnel. Therefore, the water body on one side of the hydraulic tunnel must be blocked.

[0003] At present, the traditional method of blocking hydraulic tunnels is to freeze a section of water in the tunnel into an ice plug to block the water flow. However, this method requires freezing a large amount of water to form an ice plug of sufficient length to ensure that there is sufficient friction between the ice plug and the inner wall of the tunnel to prevent the ice plug from being damaged by the impact of the water flow. However, in some hydraulic tunnels, due to limited construction space, it is difficult to form such a long ice plug, resulting in insufficient friction between the ice plug and the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby reducing the blocking ability of the ice plug, which is easily broken by the impact of the water flow and cannot be effectively blocked. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to form an ice plug with a short length and strong blocking ability in a hydraulic tunnel with limited construction space.

[0005] The technical solution proposed by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: an ice plugging system for hydraulic tunnels with limited construction space, comprising a pressure pump and a refrigerator arranged outside the hydraulic tunnel, and two cylindrical water bags inserted into the hydraulic tunnel, the water bags are filled with brine and arranged along the extension direction of the hydraulic tunnel; an air bag is also arranged in the hydraulic tunnel between the two water bags, the surface of the air bag is tightly attached to the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel, and the air inlet of the air bag is connected to the air outlet of the pressure pump through a pressure pipeline; an evaporation tube is wrapped around the surface of the water bag so that a gap is formed between the surface of the water bag and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel; the evaporation tube is filled with refrigerant, and the inlet and outlet of the evaporation tube are connected to the refrigerator through a cooling pipeline to form a closed circulation loop; when the system is working, as the refrigerant The medium circulates in the circulation loop, the water in the gap between the surface of the water bag and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel freezes and forms a ring-shaped toothed gap ice plug surrounding the surface of the water bag and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel, and the two sections of water in the hydraulic tunnel between the two water bags and the air bag are respectively frozen into two sections of solid ice plugs filling the space in the hydraulic tunnel, and the solid ice plugs are divided into upstream solid ice plugs and downstream solid ice plugs according to the distance from the water inlet of the hydraulic tunnel; the booster pump sends gas into the air bag to increase the internal gas pressure of the air bag itself and form an outward expansion force, which is transmitted to the upstream solid ice plug on the one hand to resist the upstream water pressure, and is transmitted to the downstream solid ice plug on the other hand; the downstream solid ice plug forms a reverse support for the expansion force transmitted by the air bag through the friction between it and the hydraulic inner wall.

[0006] Furthermore, the water bag is made of a polyurethane-nylon composite film.

[0007] Furthermore, the refrigerant is liquid nitrogen.

[0008] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that when the system is working, the refrigerant circulates in the circulation loop to reduce the water temperature, and the water between the water bag and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel, and between the water bag and the air bag is then frozen into an ice plug. Since an air bag is provided between the two water bags, an outward expansion force can be formed by pressurizing the air bag. Such expansion force is transmitted to the upstream solid ice plug on the one hand to resist the upstream water pressure, and is transmitted to the downstream ice plug on the other hand. The downstream solid ice plug forms a reverse support for the expansion force transmitted by the air bag through the friction between it and the hydraulic inner wall. Since the additional expansion force helps to resist the water pressure, the present invention can provide a stronger blocking ability when forming an ice plug of the same length as the traditional method, thereby effectively resisting a greater water pressure. In a hydraulic tunnel with limited construction space, even if the volume of the water bag is reduced and the length of the ice plug formed is shortened, resulting in a reduction in the friction between the ice plug and the hydraulic tunnel, due to the compensation effect of the expansion force, the present invention can still provide a strong blocking ability that the traditional method cannot achieve due to limited space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The ice plugging system for hydraulic tunnels with limited construction space of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 The embodiment is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ice plugging system for a hydraulic tunnel with limited construction space.

[0011] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an ice plug used in an ice plug sealing system for a hydraulic tunnel with limited construction space.

[0012] In the figure: 1. hydraulic tunnel; 2. booster pump; 3. refrigerator; 4. water bag; 5. air bag; 6. booster pipeline; 7. evaporator pipe; 8. cooling pipeline; 9. upstream solid ice plug; 10. downstream solid ice plug; 11. walking wheel; 12. gap ice plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Example

[0014] The ice plugging system of this embodiment is used for hydraulic tunnels with limited construction space. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a booster pump 2 and a refrigerator 3 arranged on a ship outside a hydraulic tunnel 1, and two cylindrical water bags 4 inserted into the hydraulic tunnel. The water bags are made of polyurethane-nylon composite film. In order to facilitate the delivery of the water bags 4 into the hydraulic tunnel 1, a running wheel 11 is installed at the bottom of the water bags 4. The water bags 4 are filled with salt water and arranged along the extension direction of the hydraulic tunnel; an air bag 5 is also arranged in the hydraulic tunnel 1 between the two water bags 4. The surface of the air bag 5 is closely attached to the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel, and the air inlet of the air bag 5 is connected to the air outlet of the booster pump 2 through a pressurized pipeline 6; an evaporation tube 7 is wound around the surface of the water bag 4 so that a gap is formed between the surface of the water bag 4 and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel 1; a refrigerant is filled in the evaporation tube 7, and the refrigerant is liquid nitrogen. The inlet and outlet of the evaporation tube 7 are connected to the refrigerator 3 through a cooling pipeline 8 to form a closed circulation loop.

[0015] When the system is working, as the refrigerant circulates in the circulation loop, Figure 2 As shown, the water in the gap between the surface of the water bag 4 and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel 1 freezes and forms a ring-shaped toothed gap ice plug 12 around the surface of the water bag 5 and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel. The two sections of water in the hydraulic tunnel between the two water bags 4 and the air bag 5 are respectively frozen into two sections of solid ice plugs filling the space inside the hydraulic tunnel 1. The solid ice plugs are divided into an upstream solid ice plug 9 and a downstream solid ice plug 10 according to the distance from the water inlet of the hydraulic tunnel 1; the booster pump 2 sends gas into the air bag 5 to increase the internal gas pressure of the air bag 5 itself and form an outward expansion force, which is transmitted to the upstream solid ice plug 9 on the one hand to resist the upstream water pressure, and is transmitted to the downstream solid ice plug 10 on the other hand; the downstream solid ice plug 10 forms a reverse support for the expansion force transmitted by the air bag 5 through the friction between it and the hydraulic inner wall 1.

[0016] In this embodiment, the expansion force provided by pressurizing the airbag 5 assists the upstream solid ice plug 9 in resisting water pressure; and the downstream solid ice plug 10, through the friction between it and the hydraulic inner wall 1, just forms a reverse support for the expansion force transmitted by the airbag 5. Due to this additional expansion force that helps to resist water pressure, this embodiment can resist greater water pressure and provide stronger plugging ability when forming an ice plug of the same length as the traditional method. Therefore, in order to adapt to some hydraulic tunnels with limited construction space, the volume of the water bag to be installed can be reduced. Even if the length of the ice plug formed is shortened, resulting in a decrease in the friction between the ice plug and the hydraulic tunnel, the compensation effect of the expansion force allows the system to still provide a strong plugging ability to resist water pressure.

[0017] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. All equivalent replacements or equivalent changes of the concepts and technical solutions according to the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ice plugging system for hydraulic tunnels with limited construction space, comprising a pressure pump and a refrigerator arranged outside the hydraulic tunnel, and two cylindrical water bags inserted into the hydraulic tunnel, wherein the water bags are filled with salt water and arranged along the extension direction of the hydraulic tunnel; characterized in that: An air bag is also provided in the hydraulic tunnel between the two water bags, the surface of the air bag is in close contact with the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel, and the air inlet of the air bag is connected to the air outlet of the pressure pump through a pressure pipeline; an evaporation tube is wound around the surface of the water bag, so that a gap is formed between the surface of the water bag and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel; a refrigerant is injected into the evaporation tube, and the inlet and outlet of the evaporation tube are connected to the refrigerator through a cooling pipeline to form a closed circulation loop; when the system is working, as the refrigerant circulates in the circulation loop, the water in the gap between the surface of the water bag and the inner wall of the hydraulic tunnel freezes and forms a gap around the surface of the water bag and the hydraulic tunnel. A circle of annular serrated gap ice plugs between the inner walls of the tunnel, two sections of water in the hydraulic tunnel between the two water bags and the air bag are respectively frozen into two sections of solid ice plugs filling the space inside the hydraulic tunnel, and the solid ice plugs are divided into upstream solid ice plugs and downstream solid ice plugs according to the distance from the water inlet of the hydraulic tunnel; the pressure pump sends gas into the air bag to increase the internal gas pressure of the air bag itself and form an outward expansion force, which is transmitted to the upstream solid ice plug on the one hand to resist the upstream water pressure, and on the other hand to the downstream solid ice plug; the downstream solid ice plug forms a reverse support for the expansion force transmitted by the air bag through the friction between it and the hydraulic inner wall.

2. The ice plugging system for hydraulic tunnels with limited construction space according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water bag is made of a polyurethane-nylon composite film.

3. The ice plugging system for hydraulic tunnels with limited construction space according to claim 1 is characterized by: The refrigerant is liquid nitrogen.

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