A cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels and a rock block cutting method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cantilever tunneling device for hard rock and a rock block cutting method, which relates to the technical field of cantilever tunneling devices. It includes a housing, a rotating table is installed at the front of the housing, a suspension arm is installed on the top of the rotating table, a connecting arm is installed at the end of the suspension arm, a tunneling head is installed at the end of the connecting arm, a bucket is installed below the front of the housing, a rotating paddle is installed on the top surface of the bucket, and a conveyor belt is installed at the bottom end inside the housing and on the surface of the bucket; an angle deflection compensation component for adjusting the angle and position of the tunneling head when the suspension arm rotates; a rock fragmentation anti-spill mechanism for extending the collection area of the rotating paddle when the suspension arm deflects. Through the angle deflection compensation component, the angle and position of the tunneling head can be adjusted when the suspension arm rotates, so that the tunneling head is kept perpendicular to the hard rock; through the rock fragmentation anti-spill mechanism, the collection area of the rotating paddle can be extended to ensure that the rock fragments can be promptly pushed onto the conveyor belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cantilever tunneling equipment, and particularly to a hard rock tunnel cantilever tunneling equipment and a rock block cutting method. Background Technique

[0002] The hard rock tunnel cantilever tunneling equipment is an advanced mechanical equipment specifically for tunnel construction under hard rock geological conditions. It effectively solves many problems existing in traditional hard rock tunnel construction methods, such as the high risk, low efficiency, and environmental damage of the drill and blast method, as well as the serious tool wear and poor adaptability of traditional roadheaders in hard rock. This equipment integrates multiple functions such as cutting, loading, transporting, and walking, greatly improving the construction efficiency and safety of hard rock tunnels.

[0003] When the existing hard rock tunnel cantilever tunneling equipment breaks and cuts the hard rock in the tunnel, it usually needs to first adjust the tunneling head to be perpendicular to the hard rock. After cutting a notch on the surface of the hard rock, the surrounding hard rock is broken and cut according to this notch to form a tunnel inside the hard rock. However, when the tunneling head moves left and right, it usually rotates left and right following the suspension arm. When the suspension arm drives the tunneling head to move left and right, the angle of the tunneling head will deflect. The larger the rotation amplitude of the suspension arm, the larger the included angle between the tunneling head and the hard rock, which will reduce the contact area between the tunneling head and the hard rock and affect the tunneling efficiency. In addition, the increase in the included angle between the tunneling head and the hard rock will disperse the cutting force, and also make the shape of the cut section inaccurate and uneven, which requires secondary tunneling of the hard rock on the inner wall of the tunnel. And when the tunneling head breaks the crushed rock in other areas around the notch, the falling position of the crushed rock will change, which will make it inconvenient for the rotating paddle to push the crushed rock in other areas onto the conveyor belt.

[0004] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for innovative design on the original basis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hard rock tunnel cantilever tunneling equipment and a rock block cutting method to solve the problem proposed in the above background technique that the larger the rotation amplitude of the suspension arm, the larger the included angle between the tunneling head and the hard rock, thereby reducing the contact area between the tunneling head and the hard rock, and when the tunneling head breaks the crushed rock in other areas around the notch, it will make it inconvenient for the rotating paddle to push the crushed rock in other areas onto the conveyor belt.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels, comprising a housing. A rotating table is installed at the front of the housing. A suspension arm is installed on the top of the rotating table. A connecting arm is installed at the end of the suspension arm. A tunneling head is installed at the end of the connecting arm. A bucket is installed below the front of the housing. Rotating paddles are installed on the top surface of the bucket. A conveyor belt is installed at the bottom end inside the housing and on the surface of the bucket. A traveling mechanism is installed below the housing. An angle deflection sensor is installed at a position of the housing close to the rotating table. A chute is opened on one side of the housing close to the rotating table. An oil tank A is slidably connected in the chute on one side of the housing close to the rotating table. A piston rod A is slidably connected inside the oil tank A. The end of the piston rod A is rotatably connected to the rotating table;

[0008] An angle deflection compensation assembly, which is installed between the inside of the connecting arm and the tunneling head, and is used to adjust the angle and position of the tunneling head when the suspension arm rotates;

[0009] A rock crushing anti-spill mechanism, which is installed inside the rotating paddle, and is used to extend the collection area of the rotating paddle when the suspension arm deflects.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the rotating paddles is two groups, and the two groups of rotating paddles are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the bucket.

[0011] Preferably, the angle deflection compensation assembly includes a pair of ear seats fixedly connected to the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm and distributed up and down. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the pair of ear seats. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a rotating table through a convex plate. Gears are fixedly sleeved at both the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. An oil tank B is installed at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm. A piston rod B is slidably connected inside the oil tank B through a spring limit. A hose is connected between the oil tank A and the oil tank B. A driving frame is installed at the end of the piston rod B. An electric push rod A is fixedly connected to the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm. The extending end of the electric push rod A is slidably connected to the top of the driving frame with a limit. An electromagnet A is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driving frame. A convex block is fixedly connected to the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm. An oil tank C is arranged on one side of the convex block. An electromagnet B is fixedly connected to the other side of the convex block. A piston rod C is slidably connected inside the oil tank C through a spring limit. A chute is opened at the bottom of the driving frame. The end of the piston rod C is vertically slidably connected with a pressing plate. The pressing plate is slidably connected with the chute at the bottom of the driving frame with a limit. A groove is opened at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm. A limiting block is slidably connected inside the groove at the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm through a first return spring. An oil tank D is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating table close to the tunneling head. A piston rod D is slidably connected inside the oil tank D through a spring limit. A hose is connected between the oil tank C and the oil tank D. The piston rod D is fixedly connected to the tunneling head.

[0012] Preferably, the driving frame is in a transverse U shape, and is composed of two upper and lower parallel racks and a vertical rod. The upper and lower racks can respectively engage with the two gears at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. A sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the vertical rod of the driving frame, and the end of the piston rod B slides vertically in the sliding groove on the vertical rod. A sliding groove is provided on the top of the driving frame, and the protruding end of the electric push rod A slides in the sliding groove at the top of the driving frame.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided at the side end of the extrusion plate, and the end of the piston rod C slides in the sliding groove at the side end of the extrusion plate with limited position, and a groove is provided on one side of the extrusion plate close to the limit block.

[0014] Preferably, the surface of the limit block is provided with a chamfer, and the limit block slides within a groove on a side of the extrusion plate close to the limit block.

[0015] Preferably, the rock crushing anti-spill mechanism includes a mounting ring installed inside the rotating paddle, an extension rod is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating paddle transversely, one end of the extension rod close to the center of the rotating paddle is fixedly connected to a resistance rod, and the resistance rod is limitedly slidably connected inside the mounting ring, the top of the rotating paddle is rotatably connected to a connecting platform, the top of the connecting platform is fixedly connected to a long strip, the side end of the long strip is fixed to the side wall surface of the bucket, the top of the connecting platform is fixedly connected to an electric push rod B, the protruding end of the electric push rod B passes through the connecting platform, and the protruding end of the electric push rod B is fixedly connected to an extrusion platform.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the extension rods and the interference rods is five groups, and the five groups of interference rods are evenly distributed in a circular shape inside the mounting ring. The end of the extension rod close to the center of the rotating paddle is fixedly connected to a second return spring, and the end of the second return spring away from the extension rod is fixedly connected to the mounting ring.

[0017] Preferably, one side of the extrusion platform is a half-truncated cone-shaped structure, and the other side of the extrusion platform is an arc-shaped concave structure; an end of the abutment rod away from the extension rod is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped convex head.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a rock block cutting method, using the above-mentioned hard rock tunnel cantilever excavation equipment, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: First, the tunneling head is in a self-rotating state, and then the tunneling head is controlled to be in a vertical state with the hard rock surface through the suspension arm. The tunneling head is used to break and cut the hard rock surface of the tunnel in coordination with the movement of the shell. After the broken rock falls into the bucket, the rotating paddle rotates to push the broken rock into the conveyor belt, which transports the broken rock to the rear and outputs it;

[0020] S2: When tunneling hard rock, the suspension arm rotates left and right to expand the tunneling range to form a tunnel in the tunneling area. When the suspension arm rotates left and right, the tunneling head adjusts the angle and position of the tunneling head through the angle deflection compensation component, so that when the tunneling head breaks and cuts the hard rock, it is always perpendicular to the hard rock;

[0021] S3: When the suspension arm rotates, after the angle deflection sensor detects the rotation of the suspension arm, the rock fragmentation anti-spill mechanism controls the extension rod in the rotating paddle to extend from the inside of the rotating paddle according to the position where the tunneling head moves, so as to push the fragmented rock that has fallen to the edge and outside of the bucket onto the conveyor belt.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. By setting the rotating platform, suspension arm, connecting arm, tunneling head, oil tank A, piston rod A and angle deflection compensation component, when the suspension arm drives the tunneling head to move left or right, the tunneling head can be reversely deflected, so that the tunneling head can be kept perpendicular to the hard rock, and the position of the tunneling head can be compensated, so that the contact area between the tunneling head and the hard rock is relatively large, the tunneling range of the tunneling head is increased, the pressure on the local part of the tunneling head is reduced, the accuracy and efficiency of the tunneling operation are improved, and the quality of the tunneling operation is ensured.

[0024] 2. By setting the bucket, rotating paddle, conveyor belt, angle deflection sensor and rock fragmentation anti-spill mechanism, when the suspension arm drives the tunneling head to move to crush the hard rock in other areas, when the angle deflection sensor detects the rotation angle of the suspension arm, the rotating paddle can be extended to different degrees, avoiding the problem that when the tunneling head crushes the edge area, the rotating paddle is not convenient to push the fragmented rock on the edge and outside of the bucket. No matter which area of the hard rock the tunneling head crushes, especially in the area where the rotation angle of the suspension arm is large, the rotating paddle can effectively cover the corresponding range, so that the fragmented rock can be timely pushed onto the conveyor belt, improving the efficiency of fragmented rock collection, and preventing the problem of fragmented rock accumulation and scattering caused by the inconvenient pushing of the fragmented rock in the edge area by the rotating paddle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention from one perspective;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 3 is the present invention Figure 2 an enlarged schematic structural diagram of part A in;

[0028] Figure 4 is an exploded schematic structural diagram of the connecting arm and the tunneling head of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the angle deflection compensation component in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the angle deflection compensation component in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an angle deflection compensation component in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is another partial structural schematic diagram of the angle deflection compensation component in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the rotating paddle in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rock crushing prevention mechanism in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion platform in the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. shell; 2. rotating table; 3. suspension arm; 4. connecting arm; 5. tunneling head; 6. bucket; 7. rotating paddle; 8. conveyor belt; 9. angle deflection sensor; 10. oil tank A; 11. piston rod A; 12. angle deflection compensation component; 121. rotating table; 122. gear; 123. oil tank B; 124. piston rod B; 125. drive frame; 126. electric push rod A; 127. oil tank C; 128. piston rod C; 129. extrusion plate; 1210. electromagnet A; 1211. electromagnet B; 1212. limit block; 1213. oil tank D; 1214. piston rod D; 13. rock crushing anti-spill mechanism; 131. mounting ring; 132. extension rod; 133. resistance rod; 134. connecting table; 135. electric push rod B; 136. extrusion table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock, which includes a housing 1. A rotating table 2 is installed at the front of the housing 1. A suspension arm 3 is installed on the top of the rotating table 2. A connecting arm 4 is installed at the end of the suspension arm 3. A tunneling head 5 is installed at the end of the connecting arm 4. A bucket 6 is installed below the front of the housing 1. A rotating paddle 7 is installed on the top surface of the bucket 6. A conveyor belt 8 is installed at the bottom end inside the housing 1 and on the surface of the bucket 6. A traveling mechanism is installed below the housing 1. An angle deflection sensor 9 is installed at a position of the housing 1 close to the rotating table 2. A chute is opened on one side of the housing 1 close to the rotating table 2. An oil tank A 10 is slidably connected in the chute on one side of the housing 1 close to the rotating table 2. A piston rod A 11 is slidably connected inside the oil tank A 10. The end of the piston rod A 11 is rotatably connected to the rotating table 2;

[0040] An angle deflection compensation assembly 12 is installed between the inside of the connecting arm 4 and the tunneling head 5. The angle deflection compensation assembly 12 is used to adjust the angle and position of the tunneling head 5 when the suspension arm 3 rotates;

[0041] A rock crushing anti-spill mechanism 13 is installed inside the rotating paddle 7. The rock crushing anti-spill mechanism 13 is used to extend the collection area of the rotating paddle 7 when the suspension arm 3 deflects.

[0042] As an implementation manner of the present invention, the number of the rotating paddles 7 is two groups. The two groups of rotating paddles 7 are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the bucket 6. The setting of the two groups of rotating paddles 7 can improve the conveying volume and conveying efficiency of the crushed rock.

[0043] Regarding the specific composition structure and working principle of the rotating table 2, the suspension arm 3, the bucket 6, the conveyor belt 8 and the traveling mechanism, reference can be made to the existing cantilever tunneling equipment, and the embodiments of the present invention will not elaborate in detail here.

[0044] Specifically, the piston rod A 11 cooperates with the angle deflection compensation assembly 12 so that when the suspension arm 3 drives the tunneling head 5 to move left or right, the tunneling head 5 can be deflected in the opposite direction, so that the tunneling head 5 can always be perpendicular to the hard rock, and the position of the tunneling head 5 can be compensated.

[0045] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, please refer to Figures 3-12, the angle deflection compensation assembly 12 includes a pair of ear seats fixedly connected to the inner cavity end of the connecting arm 4 and distributed vertically. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the pair of ear seats. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a rotating table 121 through a convex plate (the rotating shaft, the convex plate, and the rotating table 121 are fixedly connected). Gear 122 is fixedly sleeved on both the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. An oil tank B123 is installed at the inner cavity end of the connecting arm 4. A piston rod B124 is connected in the oil tank B123 in a sliding manner with spring limit. A hose is connected between the oil tank A10 and the oil tank B123. A driving frame 125 is installed at the end of the piston rod B124. An electric push rod A126 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity end of the connecting arm 4. The extending end of the electric push rod A126 is in limit sliding connection with the top of the driving frame 125. An electromagnet A1210 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driving frame 125. A convex block is fixedly connected to the inner cavity end of the connecting arm 4. An oil tank C127 is arranged on one side of the convex block. An electromagnet B1211 is fixedly connected to the other side of the convex block. A piston rod C128 is connected in the oil tank C127 in a sliding manner with spring limit. A chute is opened at the bottom of the driving frame 125. The end of the piston rod C128 is in vertical sliding connection with a pressing plate 129. The pressing plate 129 is in limit sliding connection with the chute at the bottom of the driving frame 125. A groove is opened at the inner cavity end of the connecting arm 4. A limiting block 1212 is connected in the groove at the inner cavity end of the connecting arm 4 in a sliding manner with a first return spring. An oil tank D1213 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating table 121 close to the tunneling head 5. A piston rod D1214 is connected in the oil tank D1213 in a sliding manner with spring limit. A hose is connected between the oil tank C127 and the oil tank D1213. The piston rod D1214 is fixedly connected to the tunneling head 5.

[0046] As an implementation manner of the present invention, the driving frame 125 is in a horizontal U shape. The driving frame 125 is composed of two parallel upper and lower racks and a vertical rod. The upper and lower two racks can be respectively meshed with the two gears 122 at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. A chute is opened on the inner wall of the vertical rod of the driving frame 125. The end of the piston rod B124 is in vertical limit sliding in the chute on the vertical rod. A chute is opened at the top of the driving frame 125. The extending end of the electric push rod A126 is in limit sliding in the chute at the top of the driving frame 125; the opening of the chute on the inner wall of the vertical rod enables the electric push rod A126 to drive the driving frame 125 to move vertically, and the piston rod B124 can still drive the driving frame 125 to move horizontally. When the driving frame 125 moves downward, the upper rack will disengage from the gear 122 at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the lower rack of the driving frame 125 will be meshed with the gear 122 at the lower end of the rotating shaft.

[0047] As an implementation manner of the present invention, a chute is provided at the side end of the extrusion plate 129, and the end of the piston rod C128 is limited to slide in the chute at the side end of the extrusion plate 129. A groove is provided on the side of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limiting block 1212. The size of the groove at one end of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limiting block 1212 is slightly larger than the size of the limiting block 1212. After the limiting block 1212 is inserted into the groove at one end of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limiting block 1212, the lateral position of the extrusion plate 129 can be restricted by the limiting block 1212. The provision of the chute at the side end of the extrusion plate 129 enables the extrusion plate 129 to slide on the end of the piston rod C128 through the chute at its side end when the driving frame 125 moves downward, so that the piston rod C128 can maintain its original position.

[0048] As an implementation manner of the present invention, a chamfer is provided on the surface of the limiting block 1212. The limiting block 1212 is limited to slide in the groove on the side of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limiting block 1212. The design of the chamfer on the surface of the limiting block 1212 enables it to be more easily inserted into the groove on the side of the extrusion plate 129 close to the limiting block 1212. The establishment of the first return spring enables the limiting block 1212 to have a return function.

[0049] The larger the rotation amplitude of the suspension arm 3, the larger the angle formed between the tunneling head 5 and the hard rock, which will further reduce the contact area between the tunneling head 5 and the hard rock. The embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems, and the specific principle is as follows:

[0050] When crushing and cutting hard rock, first, the device is moved to a suitable position through the traveling mechanism, and then the tunneling head 5 is driven to rotate by itself through the built-in motor. Subsequently, the tunneling head 5 is made perpendicular to the surface of the hard rock through the suspension arm 3, and the tunneling head 5 is driven to move forward to crush and cut the central area of the hard rock. At this time, the gear 122 at the upper end of the rotating shaft meshes with the rack above the driving frame 125. The extrusion plate 129 is located at the leftmost end of the chute at the bottom end of the driving frame 125. The oil tank C127 is fixed by the electromagnet B1211. The limiting block 1212 and the extrusion plate 129 are in Figure 9 the separated state shown, and the first return spring is in the natural state. The extrusion plate 129 is above the limiting block 1212. The oil level in the oil tank A10 is located in the area close to the piston rod A11 inside it, which is convenient for the piston rod A11 to squeeze out the oil in this area when moving outward in the oil tank A10. When cutting the peripheral area outside the central area, Figure 2Taking the reference orientation as the basis, when the suspension arm 3 rotates, when the suspension arm 3 moves to the right, it will pull the piston rod A11. At this time, the hydraulic fluid inside the hydraulic fluid tank A10 will be injected into the hydraulic fluid tank B123. The change in the hydraulic fluid inside the hydraulic fluid tank B123 will push the piston rod B124 to extend. The extension of the piston rod B124 will drive the drive frame 125 to move to the right. The rack above the drive frame 125 will drive the engaged gear 122 to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of the gear 122 will drive the rotating table 121 to rotate through the rotating shaft and the convex plate, and then drive the tunneling head 5 to deflect to the left through the hydraulic fluid tank D1213 and the piston rod D1214. At the same time, the pressing plate 129 will press the piston rod C128, and the hydraulic fluid inside the hydraulic fluid tank C127 will be injected into the hydraulic fluid tank D1213, so that the piston rod D1214 drives the tunneling head 5 to extend outwards. When the suspension arm 3 rotates and resets, the piston rod A11 resets inside the hydraulic fluid tank A10, causing the piston rod B124 and the piston rod C128 to reset under the action of their respective springs. The piston rod C128 drives the pressing plate 129 to reset. At this time, the drive frame 125 moves to the left and resets, and the rack above the drive frame 125 and the gear at the upper end of the rotating shaft rotate counterclockwise and reset. When the suspension arm 3 drives the tunneling head 5 to rotate to the left, the suspension arm 3 will press the piston rod A11. At this time, the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid tank B123 is injected into the hydraulic fluid tank A10. The change in the hydraulic fluid inside the hydraulic fluid tank B123 and the built-in spring will cause the piston rod B124 to retract. At the same time, when the angle deflection sensor 9 detects that the suspension arm 3 moves to the left, through the controller built in the housing 1, it controls the electric push rod A126 to push the drive frame 125 downwards, so that the rack above the drive frame 125 disengages from the gear 122 at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the rack below the drive frame 125 engages with the gear 122 at the lower end of the rotating shaft. At the same time, the end protrusion of the limit block 1212 is inserted into the groove of the pressing plate 129 through the inclined surface and the first return spring. While horizontally limiting the movement of the pressing plate 129, the upper and lower inclined surface design of the limit block 1212 will not block the vertical movement of the pressing plate 129. At this time, the piston rod B124 retracts, that is, moves to the left, causing the drive frame 125 to drive the gear 122 to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the gear 122 causes the tunneling head 5 to deflect to the right. At the same time, through the built-in controller, it controls the electromagnet A1210 to adsorb the hydraulic fluid tank C127, and controls the electromagnet B1211 to release the hydraulic fluid tank C127. The leftward movement of the drive frame 125 drives the hydraulic fluid tank C127 to move to the left together with the drive frame 125 through the electromagnet A1210. At this time, the pressing plate 129 with limited horizontal position causes the piston rod C128 to penetrate into the hydraulic fluid tank C127, and the hydraulic fluid inside the hydraulic fluid tank C127 is injected into the hydraulic fluid tank D1213, and the piston rod D1214 drives the tunneling head 5 to extend outwards.

[0051] As an implementation manner of the present invention, the rock-breaking anti-spill mechanism 13 includes a mounting ring 131 installed inside the rotating paddle 7. A telescopic rod 132 is horizontally and slidably connected through the inside of the rotating paddle 7. One end of the telescopic rod 132 close to the center of the rotating paddle 7 is fixedly connected with a resisting rod 133. The resisting rod 133 is limited and slidably connected inside the mounting ring 131. A connecting platform 134 is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating paddle 7. A long strip is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting platform 134. The side end of the long strip is fixed to the surface of the side wall of the bucket 6. An electric push rod B135 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting platform 134. The extending end of the electric push rod B135 penetrates through the connecting platform 134. The extending end of the electric push rod B135 is fixedly connected with a pressing platform 136.

[0052] When the suspension arm 3 drives the tunneling head 5 to move to break hard rock in other areas, the angle deflection sensor 9 can extend the rotating paddle 7 to different degrees through the rock-breaking anti-spill mechanism 13 according to the rotation angle of the suspension arm 3, so that the rotating paddle 7 can collect the broken rock in the broken and cut area of the tunneling head 5.

[0053] As an implementation manner of the present invention, the number of the telescopic rods 132 and the resisting rods 133 is five groups. The five groups of resisting rods 133 are evenly distributed in a circular shape inside the mounting ring 131. One end of the telescopic rod 132 close to the center of the rotating paddle 7 is fixedly connected with a second return spring. The end of the second return spring far from the telescopic rod 132 is fixedly connected with the mounting ring 131. The design of the five groups of telescopic rods 132 and resisting rods 133 can enable each blade of the rotating paddle 7 to be extended.

[0054] As an implementation manner of the present invention, one side of the pressing platform 136 is a semi-circular truncated cone-shaped structure, and the other side of the pressing platform 136 is an arc-shaped concave structure. An arc-shaped convex head is fixedly connected to the end of the resisting rod 133 far from the telescopic rod 132. The design of the arc-shaped convex head can reduce the resistance at the end of the resisting rod 133. The design of the semi-circular truncated cone-shaped structure on one side of the pressing platform 136 can change the extending length of the telescopic rod 132. The design of the arc-shaped concave structure on the other side of the pressing platform 136 can enable the telescopic rod 132 to be reset.

[0055] Specifically, when the tunneling head 5 breaks hard rock in other areas outside the central area, the angle deflection sensor 9 detects the rotation angle of the suspension arm 3 and will extend the pressing platform 136 downward to a suitable height through the electric push rod B135. When the rotating paddle 7 rotates to push the broken rock, the arc-shaped convex head contacts the inclined surface of the pressing platform 136, so that the telescopic rod 132 extends out from the inside of the rotating paddle 7. When the suspension arm 3 rotates in a large-angle area, the telescopic rod 132 can effectively cover the corresponding range. By driving the rotating paddle 7 to rotate through the built-in motor, the broken rock in its area can be pushed into the conveyor belt 8. When the arc-shaped convex head contacts the concave surface of the pressing platform 136, the telescopic rod 132 will automatically retract under the elastic force of the second return spring.

[0056] Example 3: On the basis of Example 1 or Example 2, please refer to Figures 1-12 , the method comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1: First, the tunneling head 5 is in a self-rotating state. Subsequently, the tunneling head 5 is controlled by the suspension arm 3 to be perpendicular to the hard rock surface. With the advancement of the housing 1, the tunneling head 5 cuts and breaks the hard rock surface of the tunnel. After the broken rock fragments fall onto the bucket 6, the rotating paddle 7 rotates to push the broken rock fragments into the conveyor belt 8, and the conveyor belt 8 transports the broken rock fragments to the rear and outputs them;

[0058] S2: When tunneling the hard rock, the suspension arm 3 rotates left and right to expand the tunneling range and form a tunnel in the tunneling area. When the suspension arm 3 rotates left and right, the tunneling head 5 adjusts the angle and position of the tunneling head 5 through the angle deflection compensation assembly 12, so that the tunneling head 5 is always perpendicular to the hard rock when cutting and breaking the hard rock;

[0059] S3: When the suspension arm 3 rotates, after the angle deflection sensor 9 detects the rotation of the suspension arm 3, the broken rock anti-spill mechanism 13 controls the extension rod 132 in the rotating paddle 7 to extend from the inside of the rotating paddle 7 according to the position where the tunneling head 5 moves, so as to push the broken rock fragments falling on the edge and outside of the bucket 6 into the conveyor belt 8.

[0060] The structures and working principles of the components of this rock block cutting method have been described in detail in the above embodiments. For details, please refer to the content in the above embodiments and will not be elaborated here.

[0061] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), a rotary table (2) is installed at the front of the housing (1), a suspension arm (3) is installed on the top of the rotary table (2), a connecting arm (4) is installed at the end of the suspension arm (3), a tunneling head (5) is installed at the end of the connecting arm (4), a bucket (6) is installed below the front of the housing (1), a rotating paddle (7) is installed on the top surface of the bucket (6), a conveyor belt (8) is installed at the bottom end inside the housing (1) and on the surface of the bucket (6), a traveling mechanism is installed below the housing (1), an angle deflection sensor (9) is installed at a position of the housing (1) close to the rotary table (2), a chute is formed on one side of the housing (1) close to the rotary table (2), an oil tank A (10) is slidably connected in the chute on one side of the housing (1) close to the rotary table (2), a piston rod A (11) is slidably connected inside the oil tank A (10), and the end of the piston rod A (11) is rotatably connected to the rotary table (2); An angle deflection compensation component (12), the angle deflection compensation component (12) being installed between the inside of the connecting arm (4) and the tunneling head (5), the angle deflection compensation component (12) being used to adjust the angle and position of the tunneling head (5) when the suspension arm (3) rotates, the angle deflection compensation component (12) comprising a pair of ear seats fixedly connected to the end of the inner cavity of the connecting arm (4) and distributed up and down, a rotating shaft being rotatably connected inside the pair of ear seats, the rotating shaft being fixedly connected to a rotating table (121) via a convex plate, and the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft being fixedly sleeved with gears The connecting arm (4) is provided with an oil tank B (123) installed at the inner end of the connecting arm (4), a piston rod B (124) is slidably connected to the inner part of the oil tank B (123) via a spring, a hose is connected between the oil tank A (10) and the oil tank B (123), a driving frame (125) is installed at the end of the piston rod B (124), an electric push rod A (126) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the connecting arm (4), an extended end of the electric push rod A (126) is slidably connected to the top of the driving frame (125), and the driving frame (125) is ) is fixedly connected to an electromagnet A (1210) at the bottom, a protrusion is fixedly connected to the inner end of the connecting arm (4), an oil tank C (127) is provided on one side of the protrusion, and an electromagnet B (1211) is fixedly connected to the other side of the protrusion, a piston rod C (128) is slidably connected to the inside of the oil tank C (127) through a spring limiter, a slide groove is provided at the bottom of the driving frame (125), and an extrusion plate (129) is vertically slidably connected to the end of the piston rod C (128), and the extrusion plate (129) and the slide groove limiter at the bottom of the driving frame (125) are connected. Sliding connection, the inner end of the connecting arm (4) is provided with a groove, the inner part of the groove at the inner end of the connecting arm (4) is slidably connected to a limit block (1212) via a first return spring, an oil tank D (1213) is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating platform (121) close to the tunneling head (5), a piston rod D (1214) is slidably connected to the inner part of the oil tank D (1213) via a spring limit, a hose is connected between the oil tank C (127) and the oil tank D (1213), and the piston rod D (1214) is fixedly connected to the tunneling head (5); A crushed rock anti-spill mechanism (13) is installed inside the rotating paddle (7), and the crushed rock anti-spill mechanism (13) is used to extend the collection area of ​​the rotating paddle (7) when the suspension arm (3) is deflected.

2. The cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the rotating paddles (7) is two groups, and the two groups of the rotating paddles (7) are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the bucket (6).

3. The cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels according to claim 2, wherein: The drive frame (125) is in a transverse U-shape. The drive frame (125) is composed of two upper and lower parallel racks and a vertical rod. The upper and lower racks can respectively mesh with two gears (122) at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft. The inner wall of the vertical rod of the drive frame (125) is provided with a slide groove. The end of the piston rod B (124) slides vertically in the slide groove on the vertical rod. The top of the drive frame (125) is provided with a slide groove. The extended end of the electric push rod A (126) slides in the slide groove at the top of the drive frame (125).

4. The cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided at the side end of the extrusion plate (129), and the end of the piston rod C (128) slides in a limited position in the sliding groove at the side end of the extrusion plate (129). A groove is provided at a side of the extrusion plate (129) close to the limiting block (1212).

5. The cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the limit block (1212) is provided with a chamfer, and the limit block (1212) slides in a limited manner in a groove on a side of the extrusion plate (129) close to the limit block (1212).

6. The cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rock crushing prevention mechanism (13) comprises a mounting ring (131) mounted inside the rotating paddle (7); an extension rod (132) is slidably connected to the rotating paddle (7) in a transverse direction; an end of the extension rod (132) close to the center of the rotating paddle (7) is fixedly connected to a resistance rod (133); the resistance rod (133) is slidably connected inside the mounting ring (131); a connecting platform (134) is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating paddle (7); a long strip is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting platform (134); a side end of the long strip is fixedly fixed to the side wall surface of the bucket (6); an electric push rod B (135) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting platform (134); an extended end of the electric push rod B (135) passes through the connecting platform (134); and an extended end of the electric push rod B (135) is fixedly connected to an extrusion platform (136).

7. The cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels according to claim 6, wherein: The number of the extension rods (132) and the abutment rods (133) is five groups, and the five groups of abutment rods (133) are evenly distributed in a circular shape inside the mounting ring (131); one end of the extension rod (132) close to the center of the rotating paddle (7) is fixedly connected to a second return spring, and one end of the second return spring away from the extension rod (132) is fixedly connected to the mounting ring (131).

8. A cantilever tunneling equipment for hard rock tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: One side of the extrusion platform (136) is a half-truncated cone-shaped structure, and the other side of the extrusion platform (136) is an arc-shaped recessed structure; one end of the abutment rod (133) away from the extension rod (132) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped convex head.

9. A rock cutting method, which uses a hard rock tunnel cantilever roadheader according to any one of claims 1-8, and is characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: First, the tunneling head (5) is placed in a self-rotating state, and then the tunneling head (5) is controlled to be in a vertical state with respect to the hard rock surface by means of the suspension arm (3), and the tunneling head (5) is made to crush and cut the hard rock surface of the tunnel in coordination with the movement of the housing (1). After the crushed rock falls into the bucket (6), the rotating paddle (7) is rotated to push the crushed rock into the conveyor belt (8), and the conveyor belt (8) transports the crushed rock to the rear thereof and outputs the crushed rock; S2: When tunneling hard rock, the suspension arm (3) rotates left and right to expand the tunneling range and form a tunnel in the tunneling area. When the suspension arm (3) rotates left and right, the tunneling head (5) adjusts the angle and position of the tunneling head (5) through the angle deflection compensation component (12), so that when the tunneling head (5) breaks and cuts the hard rock, it is always perpendicular to the hard rock. S3: When the suspension arm (3) rotates, after the angle deflection sensor (9) detects the rotation of the suspension arm (3), the rock fragmentation anti-spill mechanism (13) controls the extension rod (132) in the rotating paddle (7) to extend from inside the rotating paddle (7) according to the position where the tunneling head (5) moves, so as to push the fragmented rock that has fallen to the edge and outside of the bucket (6) onto the conveyor belt (8).

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