Spraying dust-settling system of heading machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a spraying dust-settling system of a heading machine, which relates to the technical field of coal mine dust removal and comprises negative pressure capturing mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of a cutting arm of the heading machine. The negative pressure capturing mechanism is located at the end, away from the cutting head, of the heading machine cutting arm. The negative pressure capturing mechanism comprises a dust collection shell, a high-pressure air spraying pipe, a first-stage atomization module and a second-stage atomization module. A dust collection pipeline extending towards the inclined upper part of the cutting head of the heading machine is arranged at the top of the dust collection shell; and the air injection section of the high-pressure air injection pipe extends into the dust collection pipeline from the output port of the dust collection pipeline and forms an annular gap with the inner wall of the dust collection pipeline. Through multi-stage collaborative purification and structural innovation, the dust removal efficiency is remarkably improved, meanwhile, energy consumption and water consumption are reduced, the problems that traditional equipment cannot be close to a dust source, machines are prone to being damaged, and maintenance is frequent are solved, and an efficient, reliable and sustainable dust removal solution is provided for the coal mine driving working face.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine dust removal, in particular to a spray dust reduction system for a roadheader. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel excavation operations, the high-speed friction between the cutting head and the rock formation will generate a large amount of high-concentration dust, which will cause the dust concentration in the air in the tunnel to increase significantly or even seriously exceed the standard. These high-concentration and highly dispersed dusts seriously affect the working environment of the tunnel and endanger the health of workers.

[0003] The spray dust suppression system of traditional tunnel boring machines generally has the following defects: Inadequate dust source treatment: Existing technologies mostly use wet or dry dust removal equipment, but they usually intercept dust from the dust propagation path and cannot get close to the dust source such as the cutting head, making it difficult to cure the dust problem; Mechanical structural defects: Traditional dust removal fans rely on rotating blades to suck dusty gases. The blades are prone to dust accumulation and wear, requiring frequent maintenance, and high-speed airflow is prone to secondary dust. For example, Patent Announcement No. CN110578520B discloses a comprehensive dust removal system and dust removal method for mining tunneling machines. Waste of resources: Fixed spray patterns lack dynamic adjustment capabilities, often leading to water waste or equipment scaling due to excessive spraying. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a spray dust suppression system for a roadheader to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The present invention provides a spray dust suppression system for a tunnel boring machine, comprising a negative pressure capture mechanism symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of a cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine; and the negative pressure capture mechanism is located at one end of the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine away from the cutting head; the negative pressure capture mechanism comprises a dust suction housing, a high-pressure jet pipe, a primary atomization module and a secondary atomization module; A dust collecting pipe extending obliquely upward from the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine is provided on the top of the dust collecting housing; the jet section of the high-pressure jet pipe extends from the output port of the dust collecting pipe to the inside thereof and forms an annular gap with the inner wall of the dust collecting pipe; the primary atomizing module is integrated inside the high-pressure jet pipe and is used to inject ultrafine droplets into the high-pressure jet pipe to form an aerosol mixed jet; The dust collecting housing is formed with a dust reduction channel whose input port is connected with the output port of the dust collecting pipe; the dust reduction channel includes, in sequence along the air flow direction, a guide section for guiding the air flow to enter, an arc guide section for guiding the air flow to perform centrifugal force classification, and a horizontal extension section for receiving the centrifugal separation product; a spray channel and a dust exhaust channel connected with the inside of the dust collecting housing are provided on the side of the dust collecting housing close to the cutting head, wherein the inlet end of the spray channel is embedded within the height range of the upper 1 / 3 of the cross section of the horizontal extension section; the inlet end of the dust exhaust channel is completely embedded in the cross section of the horizontal extension section; The secondary atomization module is installed in the isolation cavity above the horizontal extension section and is used to generate a wide-angle fog curtain covering the overlapping area of ​​the spray channel and the horizontal extension section.

[0006] Furthermore, the inlet end of the guide section is smoothly connected to the dust collecting duct outlet, and the inlet of the circular arc guide section is tangentially connected to the guide section outlet, and the inlet of the circular arc guide section is tangentially connected to the horizontal extension section outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the jet section of the high-pressure jet pipe along the airflow direction continuously decreases to form a gradually contracting structure, and the width of the annular gap along the airflow direction continuously increases to form a gradually expanding structure.

[0008] Furthermore, inclined blades are evenly arranged on the outer side of the jet section, and a spiral channel is formed between adjacent inclined blades.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the dust exhaust channel and the inner wall of the horizontal extension section are smoothly transitioned, and a hinged baffle is installed at the bottom of the spray channel on the front side of the dust exhaust channel through a hinged seat, and a controllable gap is retained between the hinged baffle and the dust exhaust channel outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the dust reduction channel is composed of an arc-shaped partition arranged in the dust collection shell and the inner wall of the dust collection shell, the inner side of the arc-shaped partition forms the isolation cavity, a high-pressure cavity is arranged in the isolation cavity in the middle of the arc-shaped partition, and flushing holes are evenly arranged at the arc-shaped partition corresponding to the high-pressure cavity, the flushing holes are facing the arc surface outside the arc guide section, and the high-pressure cavity is connected to a high-pressure gas source through a connecting pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the secondary atomization module includes a water injection pipe which is arranged in the isolation cavity perpendicular to the horizontal extension section and horizontally rotated, and atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged on the outside of the water injection pipe along its length direction. One end of the water injection pipe is connected to the water supply pipeline of the external water supply source through a rotating joint, and the other end of the water injection pipe is connected to the rotating drive mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, a humidity sensor is provided in the isolation cavity for real-time monitoring of the humidity of the fog curtain and feeding back to the control system to adjust the spray intensity of the primary atomization module and the secondary atomization module.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention symmetrically installs the negative pressure capture mechanism near the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine, and uses the Venturi effect to actively suck the dust-containing gas diffused from the dust source to achieve instant dust interception; this design abandons traditional fan blades and adopts Venturi negative pressure dust extraction and gradually contracting and expanding flow channel design to avoid dust accumulation on the blades and reduce maintenance costs.

[0014] 2. The present invention injects ultrafine droplets through a primary atomization module, combines inertial collision to increase the weight of dust particles, and improves the subsequent centrifugal separation efficiency.

[0015] 3. The present invention uses centrifugal force classification design (arc guide section) to directionally settle coarse particles and discharge them through the dust exhaust channel, while fine dust is captured by the dynamic wide-angle fog curtain of the secondary atomization module through Brownian motion and then discharged, so that the aerosol jet forms a dynamic droplet cloud in front of the cutting head, simultaneously realizing dust source suppression and diffusion interception, and significantly improving operation visibility and air quality.

[0016] 4. The present invention optimizes the energy transfer of gas-solid two-phase flow and reduces pipe wall wear by coupling the gradually converging jet pipe with the gradually expanding annular gap.

[0017] 5. The humidity sensor of the present invention monitors the state of the fog curtain in real time, and the linkage control system dynamically adjusts the atomization intensity to balance the dust removal efficiency and water resource consumption; and the centrifugal separation area is continuously flushed through the built-in high-pressure air curtain (flushing nozzle) to prevent dust adhesion and ensure smooth flow.

[0018] 6. The primary atomization module and the secondary atomization module of the present invention are both located in the flowing airway, which can prevent the primary atomization module and the secondary atomization module from being blocked by dust accumulation.

[0019] To sum up, the present invention significantly improves the dust removal efficiency through multi-stage collaborative purification and structural innovation, while reducing energy consumption and water consumption. It solves the pain points of traditional equipment such as the inability to get close to dust sources, mechanical wear and frequent maintenance, and provides an efficient, reliable and sustainable dust removal solution for coal mine comprehensive excavation working faces.

[0020] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the negative pressure capture mechanism of the present invention from a first viewing angle; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the negative pressure capture mechanism of the present invention viewed from above; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA structural diagram; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the negative pressure capture mechanism of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A side view structural schematic diagram of; Figure 7 It is a simplified structural schematic diagram of the working process of the negative pressure capture mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1-cutting arm; 2-negative pressure capture mechanism; 3-dust suction shell; 31-dust collection duct; 32-dust reduction channel; 321-guide section; 322-arc guide section; 323-horizontal extension section; 324-arc partition; 33-spray channel; 34-dust exhaust channel; 341-hinged baffle; 342-controllable gap; 35-isolation chamber; 4-high-pressure jet pipe; 41-jet section; 411-inclined blades; 42-annular gap; 5-primary atomization module; 6-secondary atomization module; 61-water injection pipe; 62-atomization nozzle; 7-high-pressure chamber; 71-flushing spray hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention provides a spray dust reduction system for a tunnel boring machine, comprising a negative pressure capture mechanism 2 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of a cutting arm 1 of the tunnel boring machine; and the negative pressure capture mechanism 2 is located at one end of the cutting arm 1 of the tunnel boring machine away from the cutting head; the negative pressure capture mechanism 2 comprises a dust suction shell 3, a high-pressure jet pipe 4, a primary atomization module 5 and a secondary atomization module 6.

[0026] like Figure 4As shown, a dust collecting pipe 31 extending obliquely upward from the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine is provided on the top of the dust collecting housing 3; the jet section 41 of the high-pressure jet pipe 4 extends from the output port of the dust collecting pipe 31 to the interior thereof, and forms an annular gap 42 with the inner wall of the dust collecting pipe 31; the primary atomization module 5 is integrated in the high-pressure jet pipe 4, and is used to inject ultrafine droplets into the high-pressure jet pipe 4 to form an aerosol mixed jet.

[0027] The dust collection shell 3 is formed with a dust reduction channel 32 whose input port is connected with the output port of the dust collection pipe 31; the dust reduction channel 32 includes, along the air flow direction, a guide section 321 for guiding the air flow to enter, an arc guide section 322 for guiding the air flow for centrifugal force classification, and a horizontal extension section 323 for receiving the centrifugal separation product; the dust collection shell 3 is provided with a spray channel 33 and a dust exhaust channel 34 connected with the inside of the dust collection shell 3 on one side close to the cutting head, wherein the inlet end of the spray channel 33 is embedded in the upper 1 / 3 height range of the cross section of the horizontal extension section 323; the inlet end of the dust exhaust channel 34 is completely embedded in the cross section of the horizontal extension section 323.

[0028] The secondary atomization module 6 is installed in the isolation cavity 35 above the horizontal extension section 323 and is used to generate a wide-angle mist curtain covering the overlapping area of ​​the spray channel 33 and the horizontal extension section 323 .

[0029] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the spray dust suppression system of the tunnel boring machine realizes multi-stage dust removal based on the synergistic effect of the Venturi effect and the centrifugal force classification. Specifically, when the high-pressure jet pipe 4 sprays high-speed airflow into the dust collecting pipe 31, the local negative pressure formed at the annular gap 42 actively sucks the diffused dust-containing gas generated by the cutting head into the system. In this process, the first-level atomization module 5 injects ultrafine droplets into the airflow of the high-pressure jet pipe 4, so that the ultrafine droplets and the dust-containing gas in the dust collecting pipe 31 collide with each other by inertia to increase the weight of the dust particles in the dust-containing gas, which significantly improves the subsequent separation efficiency.

[0030] After the dust-carrying aerosol mixture completes the flow field shaping in the guide section 321, it enters the arc guide section 322 for centrifugal separation. The weighted dust particles are precipitated close to the outer wall surface under the action of centrifugal force, and are driven by the airflow to be discharged in a direction from the dust exhaust channel 34 which is fully embedded in the horizontal extension section 323, while the airflow carrying fine dust rises to the upper part of the horizontal extension section 323. In this process, the wide-angle fog curtain generated by the secondary atomization module 6 in the isolation cavity 35 covers the overlapping area of ​​the spray channel 33 and the horizontal extension section 323, and the residual micron-level dust is captured for a second time through Brownian motion. At the same time, the atomized jet carries the droplets and sprays them out from the spray channel 33 at a high speed, forming a dynamic droplet cloud barrier in front of the cutting head (such as Figure 6As shown in the figure), the present invention avoids the dust accumulation problem of traditional fan blades by using a non-mechanical rotating structure (Venturi negative pressure dust extraction), and combines multi-stage atomization and centrifugal separation to achieve dual dust suppression at the source and interception of diffused dust.

[0031] In this embodiment, the guide section 321 is smoothly connected to the output port of the dust collecting pipe 31 to ensure that the flow field is continuous and stable when the dust-laden airflow enters the guide section 321 from the dust collecting pipe 31, avoiding energy loss or turbulent disturbance caused by cross-sectional mutation. The inlet of the circular arc guide section 322 and the outlet of the guide section 321 and the outlet of the horizontal extension section 323 are all designed with tangent connections, so that the aerosol mixture enters tangentially along the inner wall of the circular arc guide section 322, and naturally forms a high-speed rotating flow field through the geometric constraints of the flow channel. This tangent guide structure strengthens the centrifugal separation effect, so that the weighted particles are fully affected by the centrifugal force when they spiral along the outer wall in the circular arc section, while maintaining the axial momentum of the airflow, so as to achieve directional sedimentation of coarse particles and laminar separation of purified airflow.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the diameter of the jet section 41 of the high-pressure jet pipe 4 decreases along the flow direction of the airflow to form a tapered structure, and the accelerated airflow field is formed by cross-sectional contraction, and the Bernoulli effect is used to increase the flow velocity of the atomized medium and reduce the local static pressure, thereby enhancing the kinetic energy and diffusion uniformity of the atomized particles. The width of the annular gap 42 matched with it increases along the flow direction of the airflow to form a gradually expanding structure, and a controllable pressure difference gradient is formed by expanding the flow channel, which promotes the full mixing of the atomized particles and the airflow, and the turbulence is suppressed by the gradually expanding boundary layer effect, so as to realize the laminar and stable transportation of the aerosol flow (dust-containing gas). The dynamic coupling of the tapered and gradually expanding structures not only optimizes the energy transfer efficiency of the gas-solid two-phase flow, but also its symmetrical and complementary geometric characteristics effectively weaken the scouring effect of the high-speed airflow on the pipe wall through the adaptive pressure balance mechanism, significantly reducing the risk of wear and ensuring the structural integrity of the system under long-term high dust conditions.

[0033] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, inclined blades 411 are evenly arranged on the outside of the jet section 41, and a spiral channel is formed between adjacent inclined blades 411. The inclined blades 411 convert the axial airflow into a high-intensity spiral turbulent field, and its tangential shearing effect effectively breaks up dust agglomerates and refines particle distribution, thereby promoting full mixing of atomized particles with the airflow.

[0034] Furthermore, a conical expansion cover is installed at the input port of the dust collecting duct 31 to increase the dust collection range.

[0035] like Figure 4As shown, in the present embodiment, the inner wall of the dust exhaust channel 34 and the inner wall of the horizontal extension section 323 are smoothly transitioned to eliminate the local eddy current zone caused by the traditional right-angle connection, and suppress the risk of dust deposition at the corner due to turbulent disturbance. A hinged baffle 341 is installed at the bottom of the spray channel 33 on the front side of the dust exhaust channel 34 through a hinged seat, and a controllable gap 342 is reserved between the hinged baffle 341 and the outlet of the dust exhaust channel 34. When the airflow carrying coarse particles hits the hinged baffle 341, the baffle is deflected around the hinged seat by the fluid pressure, and the controllable gap 342 formed between the baffle and the outlet of the dust exhaust channel 34 is used to realize adaptive opening adjustment, which not only ensures the efficient discharge of large particles, but also prevents secondary dust caused by the backflow of external airflow.

[0036] In this embodiment, the dust reduction channel 32 is formed by the arc-shaped partition 324 arranged in the dust collection housing 3 and the inner wall of the dust collection housing 3. The inner side of the arc-shaped partition 324 forms the isolation cavity 35. The isolation cavity 35 in the middle of the arc-shaped partition 324 is provided with a high-pressure cavity 7, and the arc-shaped partition 324 is evenly provided with flushing spray holes 71 at the position corresponding to the high-pressure cavity 7. The flushing spray holes 71 face the arc surface outside the circular arc guide section 322, and the high-pressure cavity 7 is connected to the high-pressure gas source through a connecting pipe. The isolation cavity 35 formed by the arc-shaped partition 324 not only provides an installation space for the secondary atomization module 6, but also forms a directional airflow cleaning mechanism after the high-pressure cavity 7 arranged inside it is connected to the high-pressure gas source through a connecting pipe. When the dust-carrying airflow is centrifugally separated in the circular arc guide section 322, the compressed gas accumulated in the high-pressure cavity 7 is ejected at high speed through the evenly distributed flushing spray holes 71, forming a dynamic air curtain barrier along the outer wall of the circular arc guide section 322. The air curtain optimizes system performance through the following dual effects: first, high-speed airflow continuously flushes the arc surface, destroying the adhesion conditions of dust in the centrifugal force enrichment area, eliminating the risk of flow channel blockage caused by particle accumulation in traditional structures; second, the shear disturbance generated by the air curtain forms an offset with the movement direction of the particles after centrifugal separation, accelerating the sedimentation process of coarse particles to the horizontal extension section 323, while preventing the separated dust from being entrained again. This built-in self-cleaning structure enables the system to dynamically maintain the centrifugal separation efficiency during continuous operation, and cooperates with the wide-angle mist curtain of the secondary atomization module 6 to form a composite dust removal mode, significantly extending the continuous operation cycle of the equipment.

[0037] In this embodiment, the secondary atomization module 6 includes a water injection pipe 61 which is arranged in the isolation cavity 35 vertically and horizontally rotating with the horizontal extension section 323, and atomizing nozzles 62 are evenly arranged on the outside of the water injection pipe 61 along its length direction, and one end of the water injection pipe 61 is connected to the water supply pipeline of the external water supply source through a rotating joint, and the other end of the water injection pipe 61 is connected to a rotating drive mechanism (not shown). When in use, a high-pressure water flow is continuously delivered to the water injection pipe 61 through the water supply pipeline, and the water flow is sheared and broken into micron-sized droplets when passing through the atomizing nozzles 62 evenly distributed along the length direction of the pipe body; the rotating drive mechanism (which can be a motor) drives the water injection pipe 61 to reciprocate around its own axis, so that the water injection pipe 61 drives the outer array nozzle to deflect synchronously, forming a dynamic spray angle with an angle of 30-60° with the axis of the horizontal extension section 323, thereby constructing a three-dimensional fog curtain covering more than 2 / 3 of the cross-sectional height in the overlapping area of ​​the spray channel 33 and the horizontal extension section 323.

[0038] This design has an enhanced dust removal effect: first, the rotational motion of the rotating water injection pipe 61 causes the atomizing nozzle 62 to produce a periodic sweeping spray, breaking through the coverage blind spot of the traditional fixed nozzle; second, the arrangement direction of the atomizing nozzle 62 perpendicular to the horizontal extension section 323 enables the droplet jet to directly penetrate the motion trajectory of the rising airflow, thereby enhancing the probability of intercepting suspended dust through Brownian motion.

[0039] In this embodiment, a humidity sensor is provided in the isolation cavity 35 for real-time monitoring of the humidity of the fog curtain and feedback to the control system to adjust the spray intensity of the primary atomization module 5 and the secondary atomization module 6. The humidity sensor monitors the humidity distribution state of the wide-angle fog curtain in real time, and after transmitting the data to the control system in real time, when the sensor detects that the humidity of the fog curtain is lower than the critical value, the control system simultaneously increases the supply of ultrafine droplets of the primary atomization module 5 and the rotation speed of the water injection pipe 61 of the secondary atomization module 6, improves the generation efficiency of droplets, and expands the coverage density of the wide-angle fog curtain; on the contrary, when the humidity is too high, the two-stage atomization intensity is reduced to avoid equipment scaling caused by excessive wetting. The droplet concentration is always dynamically matched with the dust load, which can not only improve the Brownian motion capture efficiency by strengthening the humidity of the fog curtain under high-concentration dust conditions, but also automatically enter the water-saving mode during low-dust periods, and cooperate with the centrifugal force graded dust removal mechanism to achieve the best balance between dust reduction efficiency and water consumption.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spray dust suppression system for a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: It includes a negative pressure capture mechanism symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine; and the negative pressure capture mechanism is located at one end of the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine away from the cutting head; the negative pressure capture mechanism includes a dust suction shell, a high-pressure jet pipe, a primary atomization module and a secondary atomization module; A dust collecting pipe extending obliquely upward from the cutting head of the tunnel boring machine is provided on the top of the dust collecting housing; the jet section of the high-pressure jet pipe extends from the output port of the dust collecting pipe to the inside thereof and forms an annular gap with the inner wall of the dust collecting pipe; the primary atomizing module is integrated inside the high-pressure jet pipe and is used to inject ultrafine droplets into the high-pressure jet pipe to form an aerosol mixed jet; The dust collecting housing is formed with a dust reduction channel whose input port is connected with the output port of the dust collecting pipe; the dust reduction channel includes, in sequence along the air flow direction, a guide section for guiding the air flow to enter, an arc guide section for guiding the air flow to perform centrifugal force classification, and a horizontal extension section for receiving the centrifugal separation product; a spray channel and a dust exhaust channel connected with the inside of the dust collecting housing are provided on the side of the dust collecting housing close to the cutting head, wherein the inlet end of the spray channel is embedded within the height range of the upper 1 / 3 of the cross section of the horizontal extension section; the inlet end of the dust exhaust channel is completely embedded in the cross section of the horizontal extension section; The secondary atomization module is installed in the isolation cavity above the horizontal extension section and is used to generate a wide-angle fog curtain covering the overlapping area of ​​the spray channel and the horizontal extension section.

2. The spray dust suppression system for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet end of the guide section is smoothly connected to the dust collecting pipe outlet, and the inlet of the arc guide section is tangentially connected to the guide section outlet, and the inlet of the arc guide section is tangentially connected to the horizontal extension section outlet.

3. The spray dust suppression system for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the jet section of the high-pressure jet pipe decreases along the airflow direction to form a gradually contracting structure, and the width of the annular gap increases along the airflow direction to form a gradually expanding structure.

4. The spray dust suppression system for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Inclined blades are evenly arranged on the outer side of the jet section, and a spiral channel is formed between adjacent inclined blades.

5. The spray dust suppression system for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the dust exhaust channel and the inner wall of the horizontal extension section are smoothly transitioned, and a hinged baffle is installed at the bottom of the spray channel on the front side of the dust exhaust channel through a hinged seat, and a controllable gap is retained between the hinged baffle and the dust exhaust channel outlet.

6. The spray dust suppression system for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust reduction channel is composed of an arc-shaped partition arranged in the dust collection shell and the inner wall of the dust collection shell. The isolation cavity is formed on the inner side of the arc-shaped partition. A high-pressure cavity is arranged in the isolation cavity in the middle of the arc-shaped partition, and flushing holes are evenly arranged at the arc-shaped partition corresponding to the high-pressure cavity. The flushing holes face the arc surface outside the arc guide section, and the high-pressure cavity is connected to a high-pressure gas source through a connecting pipe.

7. The spray dust suppression system for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary atomization module includes a water injection pipe which is arranged in an isolation cavity perpendicular to the horizontal extension section and rotates horizontally. Atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged on the outside of the water injection pipe along its length. One end of the water injection pipe is connected to a water supply pipeline of an external water supply source through a rotating joint, and the other end of the water injection pipe is connected to a rotating drive mechanism.

8. The spray dust suppression system for a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: A humidity sensor is provided in the isolation cavity for real-time monitoring of the humidity of the fog curtain and feeding back to the control system to adjust the spray intensity of the primary atomization module and the secondary atomization module.

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