Multi-stage energy consumption self-resetting shock absorber based on three-period extremely-small curved surface dot matrix metamaterial

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorption control, and particularly relates to a multistage energy consumption self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-period minimal curved surface lattice metamaterial, which comprises a shock absorber main body, the shock absorber main body comprises a middle restraint plate, and connecting pieces are movably arranged at the two ends of the middle restraint plate respectively; and the buffer reset structure is used for connecting the middle restraint plate and the connecting piece, and the buffer reset structure comprises a metamaterial layer with a three-period minimum curved surface dot matrix and a plurality of shape memory alloy bars. The two connecting pieces are connected with the building structure, when a building is vibrated, vibration energy can be absorbed through the metamaterial layer of the buffering and resetting structure, the damping effect is achieved, meanwhile, the shape memory alloy rod can deform under the vibration effect, and the shape memory alloy rod can be prevented from deforming. Due to the fact that the shape memory alloy bar has the capacity of being capable of recovering the initial state under the specific condition, the connecting piece and the middle restraining plate are connected through the shape memory alloy bar, resetting of the connecting piece and the middle restraining plate is facilitated, and the service life of the shock absorber is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorption control, and in particular relates to a multi-stage energy-consuming self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial. Background Art

[0002] Traditional viscoelastic rubber shock absorbers have obvious deficiencies in environmental adaptability, especially in harsh conditions such as corrosion, humidity, high temperature, and extreme cold, where their performance is prone to significant decline. In addition, after long-term use, rubber materials are prone to aging or fatigue problems, resulting in reduced damping effect. Therefore, in the field of engineering structure seismic resistance and aerospace vibration reduction, the development of new shock absorbers has become a top priority.

[0003] Gyroid is a tri-periodic minimal surface described by mathematical equations with high symmetry. After reasonable design, it can achieve high strength and stiffness at low density, thus effectively bearing complex loads. This structure not only reduces material usage, reduces costs and resource consumption, but also has excellent heat dissipation performance due to its high surface area and porosity, allowing the shock absorber to maintain good energy absorption capacity in high temperature environments.

[0004] In summary, we propose a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] A multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial, comprising:

[0008] A shock absorber body, the shock absorber body comprising a middle restraining plate, both ends of the middle restraining plate being movably provided with connecting pieces;

[0009] A buffering and resetting structure is used to connect the intermediate restraining plate and the connecting piece, and the buffering and resetting structure includes a metamaterial layer with a three-periodic minimal surface lattice and a plurality of shape memory alloy rods.

[0010] Optionally, the metamaterial layer is disposed between the connector and the intermediate constraint plate, one side of the metamaterial layer is fixedly connected to a side wall of the intermediate constraint plate, and the other side of the metamaterial layer is fixed to an inner wall of the connector.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of the shape memory alloy rods are arranged in a matrix, the shape memory alloy rods penetrate the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate, both ends of the shape memory alloy rods are respectively provided with threads for connecting with nuts, and the connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate and the metamaterial layer are clamped between two of the nuts;

[0012] The connecting piece, the intermediate restraining plate and the shape memory alloy rod are slidably connected;

[0013] The connecting member, the middle constraint plate and the metamaterial layer are arranged perpendicular to the shape memory alloy rod.

[0014] Optionally, the two connecting parts are an upper shear part and a lower shear part, and the upper shear part and the lower shear part are respectively arranged at two ends of the middle constraint plate, and the side of the metamaterial layer away from the middle constraint plate is fixed to the inner wall of the upper shear part / lower shear part, and the shape memory alloy rod passes through the upper shear part / lower shear part.

[0015] Optionally, an elastic structure is provided between the upper shearing member and the lower shearing member.

[0016] Optionally, the elastic structure includes a U-shaped steel plate, one end of the U-shaped steel plate is fixedly connected to the upper shear member, and the other end of the U-shaped steel plate is fixedly connected to the lower shear member.

[0017] Optionally, the middle restraining plate and the upper shear member / lower shear member are provided with guide holes for the shape memory alloy rod to pass through.

[0018] Optionally, two ends of the upper shear member / lower shear member are respectively provided with bolt through holes, and another bolt through hole is provided on the U-shaped steel plate;

[0019] The two ends of the U-shaped steel plate are respectively fixed to the upper shearing piece and the lower shearing piece by high-strength bolts and locking nuts.

[0020] Optionally, the metamaterial layer is composed of a plurality of Gyroid surface units arranged in a matrix.

[0021] Optionally, the shock absorber body is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder by printing layer by layer through selective laser melting technology.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0023] When in use, the two connecting pieces are respectively connected to the building structure. When the building encounters vibration, the metamaterial layer of the buffer reset structure can absorb the vibration energy and play a shock-absorbing role. At the same time, the shape memory alloy rod will deform under the vibration. Since the shape memory alloy rod has the ability to restore its initial state under certain conditions, the connecting piece is connected to the middle constraint plate by using the shape memory alloy rod. When the shape memory alloy rod is reset, the connecting piece and the middle constraint plate can be reset, thereby extending the service life of the shock absorber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0025] Figure 1 This is the overall structural diagram of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a main structural diagram of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the structural diagram of the U-shaped steel plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a front view of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional grid diagram of the curved lattice metamaterial described in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is the three-dimensional grid diagram of the Gyroid surface unit described in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the shape memory alloy rod of the present invention;

[0032] Among them, 1. upper shear member; 2. middle constraint plate; 3. lower shear member; 4. metamaterial layer; 5. U-shaped steel plate; 6. shape memory alloy rod; 7. bolt through hole; 8. locking nut; 9. thread; 10. Gyroid surface unit; 11. shock absorber body; 12. guide hole; 13. high-strength bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 7 The present invention discloses a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial, comprising:

[0036] The shock absorber body 11 includes a middle restraining plate 2, and connecting pieces are movably provided at both ends of the middle restraining plate 2;

[0037] The buffering and resetting structure is used to connect the middle constraint plate 2 and the connecting piece. The buffering and resetting structure includes a metamaterial layer 4 having a three-periodic minimal surface lattice and a plurality of shape memory alloy rods 6.

[0038] When in use, the two connecting parts are respectively connected to the building structure. When the building encounters vibration, the metamaterial layer 4 of the buffer reset structure can absorb the vibration energy and play a shock-absorbing role. At the same time, the shape memory alloy rod 6 will be deformed under the vibration. Since the shape memory alloy rod 6 has the ability to restore to its original state under certain conditions, the connecting part is connected to the middle constraint plate 2 by using the shape memory alloy rod 6. When the shape memory alloy rod 6 is reset, the connecting part and the middle constraint plate 2 can be reset, thereby extending the service life of the shock absorber.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the metamaterial layer 4 is disposed between the connector and the intermediate constraint plate 2, one side of the metamaterial layer 4 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the intermediate constraint plate 2, and the other side of the metamaterial layer 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the connector.

[0040] As an optional embodiment, a plurality of shape memory alloy rods 6 are arranged in a matrix, the shape memory alloy rods 6 penetrate the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate 2, and threads 9 for connecting with nuts are respectively provided at both ends of the shape memory alloy rods 6, and the connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the metamaterial layer 4 are clamped between two nuts;

[0041] The connecting piece, the middle restraining plate 2 and the shape memory alloy rod 6 are slidably connected;

[0042] The connecting piece, the middle constraint plate 2 and the metamaterial layer 4 are arranged perpendicularly to the shape memory alloy rod 6 .

[0043] Since the connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the shape memory alloy rod 6 are slidably connected, and the connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the metamaterial layer 4 are vertically arranged to the shape memory alloy rod 6, the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate 2 can slide on the shape memory alloy rod 6, and the relative distance between the inner wall of the connecting piece and the side wall of the intermediate constraint plate 2 changes. At this time, the metamaterial layer 4 will be compressed / stretched, and the vibration energy will be consumed by the deformation of the metamaterial layer 4, thereby playing a role of shock absorption and energy consumption in the horizontal direction.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, the two connecting parts are an upper shear piece 1 and a lower shear piece 3, and the upper shear piece 1 and the lower shear piece 3 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the middle constraint plate 2, and the side of the metamaterial layer 4 away from the middle constraint plate 2 is fixed to the inner wall of the upper shear piece 1 / lower shear piece 3, and the shape memory alloy rod 6 is set through the upper shear piece 1 / lower shear piece 3.

[0045] The upper shear piece 1 and the lower shear piece 3 can undergo lateral displacement and longitudinal displacement relative to the middle constraint plate 2. When lateral displacement occurs, the vibration energy is consumed by compressing / stretching the metamaterial layer 4. When longitudinal displacement occurs, the shape memory alloy rod 6 is sheared and deformed to dissipate energy. The shape memory alloy rod 6 can self-reset under specific environmental conditions, so that the upper shear piece 1 and the lower shear piece 3 can be restored to their initial relative position with the middle constraint plate 2.

[0046] As an optional implementation, an elastic structure is provided between the upper shearing member 1 and the lower shearing member 3 .

[0047] As an optional implementation, the elastic structure includes a U-shaped steel plate 5 , one end of the U-shaped steel plate 5 is fixedly connected to the upper shear member 1 , and the other end of the U-shaped steel plate 5 is fixedly connected to the lower shear member 3 .

[0048] By arranging a U-shaped steel plate 5 between the upper shear member 1 and the lower shear member 3, the U-shaped steel plate 5 is an elastic member. When the upper shear member 1 and the lower shear member 3 are longitudinally displaced relative to the middle constraint plate 2, the U-shaped steel plate 5 can dissipate longitudinal vibration energy.

[0049] As an optional implementation, guide holes 12 for the shape memory alloy rod 6 to pass through are provided on the middle restraining plate 2 and the upper shear member 1 / lower shear member 3 .

[0050] As an optional embodiment, bolt through holes 7 are respectively provided at both ends of the upper shear member 1 / the lower shear member 3, and another bolt through hole 7 is provided on the U-shaped steel plate 5;

[0051] Both ends of the U-shaped steel plate 5 are respectively fixed to the upper shear member 1 and the lower shear member 3 by means of high-strength bolts 13 and locking nuts 8 .

[0052] As an optional implementation, the metamaterial layer 4 is composed of a plurality of Gyroid surface units 10 arranged in a matrix.

[0053] As an optional implementation, the shock absorber body 11 is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder by printing layer by layer through selective laser melting technology.

[0054] The present invention proposes a multi-stage energy-absorbing self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial, comprising a shock absorber body 11, a U-shaped steel plate 5 and a shape memory alloy rod 6. The shock absorber body 11 is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder by selective laser melting technology and printed layer by layer.

[0055] The shock absorber body 11 includes an upper shear member 1, a lower shear member 3, an intermediate constraint plate 2 and a metamaterial layer 4 having a three-periodic minimal surface lattice.

[0056] The metamaterial layer 4 of the three-periodic minimal surface lattice is composed of periodically arranged Gyroid surface units 10, and the description equation of the Gyroid surface unit 10 is as follows:

[0057] sin(x)cos(y)+sin(y)cos(z)+sin(z)cos(x)=C.

[0058] The upper and lower ends of the shock absorber body 11 are respectively provided with bolt through holes 7 for connecting to the building structure, the middle part is provided with a guide hole 12 for passing through the shape memory alloy rod 6, and the bottoms of the upper shear member 1 and the lower shear member 3 are respectively provided with bolt through holes 7 for connecting to the U-shaped steel plate 5.

[0059] The shape memory alloy rod 6 is made of Fe-SMA material, and is designed with threads 9 at both ends. It can pass through the guide hole 12 on the shock absorber body 11, and the two are firmly fixed by the locking nut 8.

[0060] There are two U-shaped steel plates 5, which are made of straight mild steel bent 180°. The straight platform sections of the two U-shaped steel plates 5 are provided with channels for bolts to pass through, which are connected to the bolt through holes 7. The U-shaped steel plates 5 and the shock absorber body 11 are symmetrically fixed by high-strength bolts 13 to form a detachable connection.

[0061] Prestress is applied to the shape memory alloy rod 6 through thermomechanical training, so that it generates phase change restoring force when subjected to stress, and cooperates with the micro-buckling energy dissipation mechanism of the metamaterial layer 4 with the Gyroid surface unit 10 to form a two-level protection system of "prestressed self-reset-topological structure energy dissipation". The shape memory alloy rod 6 drives the elastic recovery of the metamaterial layer through the shape memory effect to suppress its plastic strain accumulation. The U-shaped steel plate 5 is used as the third-level energy dissipation unit to use the plastic deformation of the 180° bending and unfolding of the soft steel to broaden the energy dissipation threshold. The three realize the three-level progressive response under dynamic load through cross-scale coupling - the initial stage is the micro-deformation energy dissipation of the metamaterial layer 4, that is, the bending / torsion of the Gyroid surface wall, the middle section absorbs the peak energy through the plastic deformation of the U-shaped steel plate 5, and the final section is reset by the phase change energy storage of the shape memory alloy rod 6, which improves the overall reset rate of the device and reduces the stiffness attenuation rate. The design achieves performance gradient adaptation through parametric control, namely the surface equation constant C, SMA prestress value, and steel plate thickness, and has both high cyclic stability and applicability in multiple scenarios, such as shock absorption of buildings / bridges / precision equipment.

[0062] The shock absorber body 11 is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder by selective laser melting technology. The particle size of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder is 25 to 65 μm, and the chemical composition mass ratio (%) is: Fe-0.1; N-0.018; O-0.087; C-0.012; V-4.02; Al-6.04; Y-0.004; H-0.026; Ti-balance.

[0063] When an earthquake or wind load acts on a building structure, the shear member drives the three-period minimal surface metamaterial layer to produce microscopic topological deformation, i.e., the Gyroid surface wall buckles / torsions, and at the same time activates the 180° bending section of the U-shaped steel plate 5 to start plastic energy dissipation; the through-type shape memory alloy rod 6 triggers the austenite phase transformation restoring force under dynamic stress, and guides the elastic recovery of the metamaterial layer through prestress conduction, forming a multi-level energy dissipation path of "microstructure energy dissipation-macroscopic plastic energy absorption-intelligent material reset". This synergistic mechanism can effectively absorb and dissipate the energy transmitted to the building structure, thereby significantly improving the earthquake and wind resistance of the building structure and achieving protection of the building structure.

[0064] The present invention proposes a self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial coupled with multi-level energy dissipation. During operation, the shock absorber effectively shares the stress of the metamaterial layer 4 through the self-resetting characteristics of the shape memory alloy rod 6 to prevent it from plastic deformation. At the same time, the synergistic effect of the metamaterial layer 4 and the shape memory alloy rod 6 is utilized to achieve efficient energy dissipation and improve shock absorption performance. The U-shaped steel plate 5, as a macro energy dissipation unit, forms a cross-scale energy dissipation coupling with the micro deformation of the metamaterial, and broadens the energy absorption threshold through the plastic expansion deformation of the soft steel. The design integrates multi-physics field energy dissipation, namely, metamaterial structure dissipation + metal plastic deformation + SMA phase change energy storage, so that the shock absorber presents a three-level progressive energy dissipation characteristic under strong earthquakes, greatly improving its reset rate, and can be applied to the vibration resistance requirements of high-rise buildings, bridges and precision equipment. It has both corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and performance designability, showing a wide range of application potential. In addition, the self-resetting shock absorber adopts a modular design, which is easy to disassemble and assemble, which not only simplifies the later inspection and maintenance process, but also provides a reliable guarantee for structural safety.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understandable to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and deformations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The types and shapes of the curved lattice structure units are not limited to the forms proposed herein, the number of lattice structure units, U-shaped steel plates and shape memory alloy rods is not limited to the numbers proposed herein, the number of layers of the three-period minimal curved surface lattice metamaterial layer is not limited to one layer, the 3D printing material of the shock absorber is not limited to Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder, the material of the shape memory alloy rod is not limited to Fe-SMA, the material of the U-shaped steel plate is not limited to mild steel, and other similar forms of shock absorbers also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0067] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial, characterized in that: include: A shock absorber body (11), the shock absorber body (11) comprising an intermediate restraining plate (2), and connecting pieces are movably provided at both ends of the intermediate restraining plate (2); A buffering and resetting structure is used to connect the intermediate restraining plate (2) and the connecting piece, and the buffering and resetting structure comprises a metamaterial layer (4) having a three-periodic minimal surface lattice and a plurality of shape memory alloy rods (6).

2. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The metamaterial layer (4) is arranged between the connecting member and the intermediate constraint plate (2), one side of the metamaterial layer (4) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the intermediate constraint plate (2), and the other side of the metamaterial layer (4) is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting member.

3. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of the shape memory alloy rods (6) are arranged in a matrix, the shape memory alloy rods (6) penetrate the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate (2), both ends of the shape memory alloy rods (6) are respectively provided with threads (9) for connecting with nuts, and the connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate (2) and the metamaterial layer (4) are clamped between two of the nuts; The connecting piece, the intermediate restraining plate (2) and the shape memory alloy rod (6) are slidably connected; The connecting member, the intermediate constraint plate (2) and the metamaterial layer (4) are arranged perpendicular to the shape memory alloy rod (6).

4. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two connecting parts are an upper shear part (1) and a lower shear part (3), respectively. The upper shear part (1) and the lower shear part (3) are respectively arranged at two ends of the intermediate constraint plate (2), the side of the metamaterial layer (4) away from the intermediate constraint plate (2) is fixed to the inner wall of the upper shear part (1) / lower shear part (3), and the shape memory alloy rod (6) is arranged to pass through the upper shear part (1) / lower shear part (3).

5. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An elastic structure is provided between the upper shearing piece (1) and the lower shearing piece (3).

6. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The elastic structure comprises a U-shaped steel plate (5), one end of the U-shaped steel plate (5) is fixedly connected to the upper shearing member (1), and the other end of the U-shaped steel plate (5) is fixedly connected to the lower shearing member (3).

7. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The intermediate restraining plate (2) and the upper shearing piece (1) / lower shearing piece (3) are provided with guide holes (12) for the shape memory alloy rod (6) to pass through.

8. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Bolt through holes (7) are respectively provided at both ends of the upper shearing piece (1) / lower shearing piece (3), and another bolt through hole (7) is provided on the U-shaped steel plate (5); The two ends of the U-shaped steel plate (5) are respectively fixed to the upper shearing piece (1) and the lower shearing piece (3) by means of high-strength bolts (13) and locking nuts (8).

9. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The metamaterial layer (4) is composed of a plurality of Gyroid curved surface units (10) arranged in a matrix.

10. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on three-periodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shock absorber body (11) is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder by printing layer by layer through the selective laser melting technology.

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