Multistage energy dissipation self-resetting damper based on three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of shock absorption control, and particularly relates to a multistage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-period minimal surface point array metamaterial, which comprises a shock absorber main body, the shock absorber main body comprising a middle constraint plate, two ends of the middle constraint plate respectively movably provided with connecting pieces; a buffer reset structure for connecting the middle constraint plate and the connecting pieces, the buffer reset structure comprising a metamaterial layer with a three-period minimal surface point array and a plurality of shape memory alloy rods. By connecting the two connecting pieces with the building structure respectively, when the building encounters a shock action, the metamaterial layer of the buffer reset structure can absorb the shock energy to play a shock absorption role, and the shape memory alloy rods will deform under the action of the shock. Since the shape memory alloy rods have the ability to restore the initial state under certain conditions, by connecting the connecting pieces and the middle constraint plate with the shape memory alloy rods, the connecting pieces and the middle constraint plate can be reset, and the service life of the shock absorber is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of shock absorption control, and particularly relates to a multistage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface point array metamaterial. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional viscoelastic rubber shock absorbers have obvious deficiencies in environmental adaptability, especially in harsh conditions such as corrosion, humidity, high temperature, and extreme cold. In addition, the rubber material is prone to aging or fatigue problems after long-term use, resulting in reduced damping effect. Therefore, in the field of engineering structure seismic resistance and aerospace vibration reduction, it is urgent to develop a new type of shock absorber.

[0003] Gyroid is a three-periodic minimal surface described by a mathematical equation, which has high symmetry. After reasonable design, it can achieve high strength and stiffness at low density, thereby effectively bearing complex loads. This structure not only reduces material use, reduces cost and resource consumption, but also has excellent heat dissipation performance due to its high surface area and porosity, allowing the shock absorber to maintain good energy absorption capacity in high temperature environments.

[0004] Based on the above, a multistage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface point array metamaterial is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the application is to provide a multistage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface point array metamaterial to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the application provides the following scheme:

[0007] The multistage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-periodic minimal surface point array metamaterial comprises:

[0008] A shock absorber body comprising an intermediate constraint plate, the two ends of the intermediate constraint plate are movably provided with connecting pieces;

[0009] A buffer reset structure for connecting the intermediate constraint plate and the connecting pieces, the buffer reset structure comprises a metamaterial layer with a three-periodic minimal surface point array and a plurality of shape memory alloy rods.

[0010] Optionally, the metamaterial layer is arranged between the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate, one side of the metamaterial layer is fixedly connected to the side wall of the intermediate constraint plate, and the other side of the metamaterial layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting piece.

[0011] Optionally, the shape memory alloy rods are arranged in a matrix, the shape memory alloy rods pass through the connecting pieces and the intermediate constraint plate, and threads are arranged at two ends of the shape memory alloy rods for connecting with nuts.

[0012] The connecting pieces, the intermediate constraint plate and the shape memory alloy rods are in sliding connection.

[0013] The connecting pieces, the intermediate constraint plate and the shape memory alloy rods are arranged perpendicularly.

[0014] Optionally, the two connecting pieces are an upper shear piece and a lower shear piece, the upper shear piece and the lower shear piece are arranged at two ends of the intermediate constraint plate, the side of the metamaterial layer away from the intermediate constraint plate is fixed to the inner wall of the upper shear piece / lower shear piece, and the shape memory alloy rods pass through the upper shear piece / lower shear piece.

[0015] Optionally, an elastic structure is arranged between the upper shear piece and the lower shear piece.

[0016] Optionally, the elastic structure comprises a U-shaped steel plate, one end of the U-shaped steel plate is fixed to the upper shear piece, and the other end of the U-shaped steel plate is fixed to the lower shear piece.

[0017] Optionally, the intermediate constraint plate and the upper shear piece / lower shear piece are provided with guide holes for the shape memory alloy rods to pass through.

[0018] Optionally, the upper shear piece / lower shear piece is provided with bolt through holes at two ends, and the U-shaped steel plate is provided with another bolt through hole.

[0019] The two ends of the U-shaped steel plate are fixed to the upper shear piece and the lower shear piece through high-strength bolts and locking nuts.

[0020] Optionally, the metamaterial layer is composed of a plurality of matrix-arranged Gyroid curved surface units.

[0021] Optionally, the shock absorber body is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder and is printed layer by layer through selective laser melting technology.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0023] In use, the two connecting pieces are connected with the building structure respectively, when the building is subjected to vibration, the metamaterial layer of the buffer reset structure can absorb vibration energy to play a role of shock absorption, at the same time, the shape memory alloy rod will be deformed under the action of vibration, since the shape memory alloy rod has the ability to restore the initial state under certain conditions, by using the shape memory alloy rod to connect the connecting piece with the intermediate constraint plate, when the shape memory alloy rod resets, the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate can be reset, thereby prolonging the service life of the shock absorber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor under the premise of the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 The overall structure of the shock absorber is shown in the drawings;

[0026] Figure 2 The main body structure of the shock absorber is shown in the drawings;

[0027] Figure 3 The U-shaped steel plate structure of the present application is shown in the drawings;

[0028] Figure 4 The front view of the shock absorber is shown in the drawings;

[0029] Figure 5 The three-dimensional grid diagram of the curved surface dot array metamaterial is shown in the drawings;

[0030] Figure 6 The three-dimensional grid diagram of the Gyroid curved surface unit is shown in the drawings;

[0031] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the shape memory alloy rod is shown in the drawings;

[0032] Wherein, 1, upper shear; 2, intermediate constraint plate; 3, lower shear; 4, metamaterial layer; 5, U-shaped steel plate; 6, shape memory alloy rod; 7, bolt through hole; 8, locking nut; 9, thread; 10, Gyroid curved surface unit; 11, shock absorber main body; 12, guide hole; 13, high-strength bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described, obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] With reference to Figures 1 to 7 The present application discloses a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting damper based on three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial, comprising:

[0036] The damper body 11 comprises an intermediate constraint plate 2, and the two ends of the intermediate constraint plate 2 are movably provided with connecting pieces;

[0037] The buffer reset structure is used to connect the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the connecting piece, and comprises a metamaterial layer 4 with a three-period minimal surface lattice and a plurality of shape memory alloy rods 6.

[0038] In use, the two connecting pieces are connected with the building structure respectively, when the building is subjected to vibration, the metamaterial layer 4 of the buffer reset structure can absorb vibration energy to play a role of shock absorption, at the same time, the shape memory alloy rod 6 will deform under the action of vibration, since the shape memory alloy rod 6 has the ability to restore the initial state under certain conditions, by connecting the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate 2 with the shape memory alloy rod 6, when the shape memory alloy rod 6 resets, the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate 2 can be reset, thereby prolonging the service life of the damper.

[0039] As an optional embodiment, the metamaterial layer 4 is arranged between the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate 2, one side of the metamaterial layer 4 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the intermediate constraint plate 2, and the other side of the metamaterial layer 4 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the connecting piece.

[0040] As an optional embodiment, the plurality of shape memory alloy rods 6 are arranged in a matrix, the shape memory alloy rods 6 pass through the connecting piece and the intermediate constraint plate 2, and the two ends of the shape memory alloy rod 6 are respectively provided with threads 9 for connecting with nuts, the connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the metamaterial layer 4 are clamped between the two nuts;

[0041] The connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the shape memory alloy rod 6 are in sliding connection;

[0042] The connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the metamaterial layer 4 are arranged perpendicularly to the shape memory alloy rod 6.

[0043] Due to the sliding connection of the connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the shape memory alloy rod 6, the vertical arrangement of the connecting piece, the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the super material layer 4 and the shape memory alloy rod 6, the connecting piece can slide on the shape memory alloy rod 6, the relative distance between the inner wall of the connecting piece and the side wall of the intermediate constraint plate 2 changes, at this time the super material layer 4 is compressed / stretched, the vibration energy is consumed through the deformation of the super material layer 4, and the shock absorption and energy consumption in the horizontal direction are realized.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, the two connecting pieces are respectively the upper shear 1 and the lower shear 3, the upper shear 1 and the lower shear 3 are arranged at the two ends of the intermediate constraint plate 2 respectively, the side of the super material layer 4 away from the intermediate constraint plate 2 is fixed with the inner wall of the upper shear 1 / lower shear 3, and the shape memory alloy rod 6 penetrates through the upper shear 1 / lower shear 3.

[0045] The upper shear 1 and the lower shear 3 can be displaced horizontally and vertically relative to the intermediate constraint plate 2, when the horizontal displacement occurs, the vibration energy is consumed by compressing / stretching the super material layer 4, when the vertical displacement occurs, the shape memory alloy rod 6 is sheared to deform to realize energy consumption, and through the self-resetting characteristics of the shape memory alloy rod 6 under specific environmental conditions, the upper shear 1 and the lower shear 3 can restore the initial relative position with the intermediate constraint plate 2.

[0046] As an optional embodiment, an elastic structure is arranged between the upper shear 1 and the lower shear 3.

[0047] As an optional embodiment, the elastic structure includes a U-shaped steel plate 5, one end of the U-shaped steel plate 5 is fixedly connected with the upper shear 1, and the other end of the U-shaped steel plate 5 is fixedly connected with the lower shear 3.

[0048] By arranging the U-shaped steel plate 5 between the upper shear 1 and the lower shear 3, the U-shaped steel plate 5 is an elastic member, when the upper shear 1 and the lower shear 3 are vertically displaced relative to the intermediate constraint plate 2, the U-shaped steel plate 5 can reduce the vertical vibration energy.

[0049] As an optional embodiment, a guide hole 12 for the shape memory alloy rod 6 to pass through is arranged on the intermediate constraint plate 2 and the upper shear 1 / lower shear 3.

[0050] As an optional embodiment, bolt through holes 7 are arranged at the two ends of the upper shear 1 / lower shear 3 respectively, and another bolt through hole 7 is arranged on the U-shaped steel plate 5.

[0051] The two ends of the U-shaped steel plate 5 are fixedly connected with the upper shear 1 and the lower shear 3 through high-strength bolts 13 and lock nuts 8.

[0052] As an optional implementation, the metamaterial layer 4 is composed of a plurality of matrix-arranged Gyroid curved surface units 10.

[0053] As an optional implementation, the shock absorber body 11 is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder by layer-by-layer printing through selective laser melting technology.

[0054] The application provides a multi-stage energy dissipation self-resetting shock absorber based on a three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial, which comprises a shock absorber body 11, a U-shaped steel plate 5 and a shape memory alloy rod 6, and the shock absorber body 11 is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder by layer-by-layer printing through selective laser melting technology.

[0055] The shock absorber body 11 comprises an upper shear member 1, a lower shear member 3, an intermediate constraint plate 2 and a metamaterial layer 4 with a three-period minimal surface lattice.

[0056] The metamaterial layer 4 with a three-period minimal surface lattice is composed of periodically arranged Gyroid curved surface units 10, and the description equation of the Gyroid curved surface unit 10 is as follows:

[0057] sin(x)cos(y)+sin(y)cos(z)+sin(z)cos(x)=C.

[0058] The shock absorber body 11 is provided with bolt through holes 7 for connecting a building structure at the upper and lower ends, respectively, and is provided with a guide hole 12 for penetrating the shape memory alloy rod 6 at the middle part, and the bottom parts of the upper shear member 1 and the lower shear member 3 are respectively provided with bolt through holes 7 for connecting the U-shaped steel plate 5.

[0059] The shape memory alloy rod 6 is made of Fe-SMA material, and the two ends are designed with threads 9, which can penetrate the guide hole 12 on the shock absorber body 11 and be firmly fixed by the locking nut 8.

[0060] The U-shaped steel plate 5 is composed of two straight plate mild steels bent by 180°, and the straight platform segments of the two U-shaped steel plates 5 are provided with hole channels for bolt passing and are butt-jointed with the bolt through holes 7, the U-shaped steel plate 5 is fixed with the shock absorber body 11 by high-strength bolts 13 in a symmetrical manner to form detachable connection.

[0061] The shape memory alloy rod 6 is pre-stressed by thermal mechanical training, so that it generates a phase transition restoring force when stressed, cooperates with the micro buckling energy dissipation mechanism of the metamaterial layer 4 with Gyroid curved surface unit 10, forms a "pre-stressed self-resetting-topological structure energy dissipation" two-level protection system, the shape memory alloy rod 6 drives the elastic recovery of the metamaterial layer through the shape memory effect, suppresses the accumulation of plastic strain, and the U-shaped steel plate 5 as a third level energy dissipation unit, uses the plastic deformation of the 180° bending of the mild steel to broaden the energy dissipation threshold. The three achieve a three-stage progressive response under dynamic load through cross-scale coupling: the initial stage is micro deformation energy dissipation of the metamaterial layer 4, i.e. Gyroid curved surface wall bending / twisting, the middle stage absorbs peak energy through plastic deformation of the U-shaped steel plate 5, and the final stage triggers reset by phase transition energy storage of the shape memory alloy rod 6, improves the overall reset rate of the device, and reduces the stiffness decay rate. The design realizes performance gradient adaptation through parameterization control, i.e. the constants C of the curved surface equation, the SMA pre-stress value, and the steel plate thickness, and has high cycle stability and multi-scene applicability, such as building / bridge / precision equipment damping.

[0062] The shock absorber body 11 is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder by selective laser melting technology layer by layer printing, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder has a particle size of 25-65 μm, and the chemical composition mass percentage (%) is: Fe-0.1; N-0.018; O-0.087; C-0.012; V-4.02; Al-6.04; Y-0.004; H-0.026; Ti-remainder.

[0063] When the earthquake or wind load acts on the building structure, the shear member drives the three-period minimal surface metamaterial layer to produce micro-topological deformation, i.e. Gyroid curved surface wall buckling / twisting, and activates the 180° bending section of the U-shaped steel plate 5 to expand plastic energy dissipation; the through-type shape memory alloy rod 6 triggers the austenite phase transition restoring force under dynamic stress, conducts and guides the elastic recovery of the metamaterial layer through pre-stress, forming a multi-level energy dissipation path of "microstructure energy dissipation-macroscopic plastic energy absorption-smart material reset". This cooperative mechanism can effectively absorb and dissipate the energy transmitted to the building structure, thereby significantly improving the seismic and wind resistance performance of the building structure and protecting the building structure.

[0064] The self-resetting shock absorber based on three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial coupling multi-stage energy dissipation is provided, and the self-resetting shock absorber effectively shares the stress of the metamaterial layer 4 through the self-resetting characteristic of the shape memory alloy rod 6 during operation, and prevents plastic deformation of the metamaterial layer 4. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of the metamaterial layer 4 and the shape memory alloy rod 6 is utilized to realize efficient energy dissipation and improve the shock absorption performance. The U-shaped steel plate 5 serves as a macro energy dissipation unit, and the metamaterial micro deformation forms a cross-scale energy dissipation coupling, and the energy dissipation threshold is widened through the plastic expansion deformation of the soft steel. The design integrates multi-physical field energy dissipation, i.e., metamaterial structure dissipation + metal plastic deformation + SMA phase change energy storage, so that the shock absorber presents a three-stage progressive energy dissipation characteristic under strong earthquakes, greatly improves the reset rate, and can be applied to the anti-vibration requirements of high-rise buildings, bridges and precision equipment, and has corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and performance designability, and shows wide application potential. In addition, the self-resetting shock absorber adopts a modular design, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, not only simplifies the later inspection and maintenance process, but also provides reliable protection for structural safety.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and modifications can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The types and shapes of the lattice structure units are not limited to the forms presented herein, the number of lattice structure units, U-shaped steel plates and shape memory alloy rods is also not limited to the number presented herein, the number of layers of the three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial layer is also not limited to one layer, and the 3D printing material of the shock absorber is also not limited to Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder, the material of the shape memory alloy rod is also not limited to Fe-SMA, and the material of the U-shaped steel plate is also not limited to soft steel. Other similar forms of shock absorbers also belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0066] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0067] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirits of the present application shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage energy dissipation self-centering damper based on three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial, characterized in that, The shock absorber body (11) comprises a middle restraint plate (2), and two ends of the middle restraint plate (2) are movably provided with connecting pieces respectively; A buffer reset structure is arranged between the middle restraint plate (2) and the connecting pieces, and the buffer reset structure comprises a metamaterial layer (4) with a three-period minimal surface lattice and a plurality of shape memory alloy rods (6); The metamaterial layer (4) is arranged between the connecting pieces and the middle restraint plate (2), one side of the metamaterial layer (4) is fixedly connected with a side wall of the middle restraint plate (2), and the other side of the metamaterial layer (4) is fixedly connected with an inner wall of the connecting piece; The plurality of shape memory alloy rods (6) are arranged in a matrix, and the shape memory alloy rods (6) penetrate through the connecting pieces and the middle restraint plate (2) and are arranged in the connecting pieces and the middle restraint plate (2); two ends of the shape memory alloy rods (6) are respectively provided with threads (9) for connecting with nuts, and the connecting pieces, the middle restraint plate (2) and the metamaterial layer (4) are clamped between the two nuts; The connecting pieces, the middle restraint plate (2) and the shape memory alloy rods (6) are in sliding connection; The connecting pieces, the middle restraint plate (2), the metamaterial layer (4) and the shape memory alloy rods (6) are arranged perpendicularly; When a transverse displacement occurs, vibration energy is consumed by compressing / stretching the metamaterial layer (4), and when a longitudinal displacement occurs, the shape memory alloy rods (6) are sheared to deform to consume energy. The two connecting pieces are respectively an upper shear piece (1) and a lower shear piece (3), the upper shear piece (1) and the lower shear piece (3) are arranged at two ends of the middle restraint plate (2), one side of the metamaterial layer (4) away from the middle restraint plate (2) is fixedly connected with an inner wall of the upper shear piece (1) / lower shear piece (3), and the shape memory alloy rods (6) penetrate through the upper shear piece (1) / lower shear piece (3).

2. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-centering damper based on triperiodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic structure is arranged between the upper shear piece (1) and the lower shear piece (3).

3. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-centering damper based on three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic structure comprises a U-shaped steel plate (5), one end of the U-shaped steel plate (5) is fixedly connected with the upper shear piece (1), and the other end of the U-shaped steel plate (5) is fixedly connected with the lower shear piece (3).

4. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-centering damper based on three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle restraint plate (2) and the upper shear piece (1) / lower shear piece (3) are provided with guide holes (12) for the shape memory alloy rods (6) to pass through.

5. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-centering damper based on triperiodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two ends of the upper shear piece (1) / lower shear piece (3) are respectively provided with bolt through holes (7), and another bolt through hole (7) is arranged on the U-shaped steel plate (5); 6. The multi-stage energy dissipation self-centering damper based on triperiodic minimal surface lattice metamaterial according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two ends of the U-shaped steel plate (5) are fixedly connected with the upper shear piece (1) and the lower shear piece (3) through high-strength bolts (13) and locking nuts (8). The metamaterial layer (4) is composed of a plurality of matrix-arranged Gyroid surface units (10).

7. The three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial-based multi-stage energy dissipation self-centering damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorber body (11) is made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder and is manufactured by selective laser melting technology layer by layer.

8. The three-period minimal surface lattice metamaterial based multi-stage energy dissipation self-centering damper according to claim 1, wherein: ​

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