Heat exchanger based on bionic fractal structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a heat exchanger based on a bionic fractal structure. The heat exchanger comprises an alveolar-imitating heat exchange core body and a shell, the shell is arranged on the periphery of the alveolar-imitating heat exchange core body, and the alveolar-imitating heat exchange core body is fixedly connected with the shell; the pulmonary alveolus-imitating heat exchange core body is composed of bionic original surface heat exchange units, and the bionic original surface heat exchange units of the pulmonary alveolus-imitating heat exchange core body are of a biological blood vessel and pulmonary alveolus connecting structure. Three fluid cavities are formed in the pulmonary alveolus imitating heat exchange core, a first fluid cavity communicated with the first pipeline is formed in an inner cavity of the first pipeline, a second pipeline is formed after the first pipeline translates and penetrates through the first pipeline, a second fluid cavity communicated with the second pipeline is formed in an inner cavity of the second pipeline, and a third fluid cavity communicated with the first fluid cavity and the second fluid cavity is formed in a gap between the first fluid cavity and the second fluid cavity. The heat exchanger is based on a bionic structure, has the obvious advantages of being large in heat transfer area per unit volume, small in pressure drop and the like, has the good flowing heat exchange characteristic, and improves the heat exchange effect.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a heat exchanger based on a bionic fractal structure. Background technology:

[0002] In the field of aero engines, the requirements for heat exchangers, the core components of thermal management systems, are low structural resistance, small size, high thermal efficiency, high reliability, etc. However, light weight and compactness, high efficiency, high reliability and high temperature resistance are contradictory in heat exchanger design. Traditional machining processes and design methods cannot balance the contradiction between heat exchange and flow resistance well, that is, while strengthening heat exchange, it brings greater flow resistance, and at the same time has a certain impact on the structural strength of the heat exchange tube.

[0003] The emergence of additive manufacturing technology has provided new methods and means for the preparation of efficient heat exchange structures. Combined with bionic structures, it can realize the preparation of efficient heat exchangers and improve the efficiency of aircraft engine thermal management systems. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger based on a bionic fractal structure to solve or at least alleviate at least one problem existing in the technical background.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A heat exchanger based on a bionic fractal structure comprises an alveolar-imitating heat exchange core and an outer shell. The outer shell is arranged around the alveolar-imitating heat exchange core, and the alveolar-imitating heat exchange core and the outer shell are fixedly connected. The alveolar-imitating heat exchange core is composed of a bionic original surface heat exchange unit, and the bionic original surface heat exchange unit of the alveolar-imitating heat exchange core adopts a connection structure of biological blood vessels and alveoli.

[0007] In the heat exchanger based on bionic fractal structure, the unit bodies of the alveolar heat exchange core are combined in space to form a pipeline model, and then the connected pipeline models are spatially translated, interspersed and nested to obtain two connected pipeline models, namely the alveolar heat exchange core.

[0008] The heat exchanger based on the bionic fractal structure and the alveolar-like heat exchange core are manufactured by 3D / 4D printing.

[0009] The heat exchanger based on the bionic fractal structure, the alveolar-like heat exchange core and the shell are integrally formed by 3D / 4D printing.

[0010] The heat exchanger based on the bionic fractal structure has three fluid cavities in the alveolar heat exchange core: the inner cavity of pipeline one forms a connected fluid cavity one, pipeline one is translated and interlaced to form pipeline two, the inner cavity of pipeline two forms a connected fluid cavity two, and the gap between fluid cavity one and fluid cavity two forms a connected fluid cavity three; the inner cavities of the two pipelines, fluid cavity one and fluid cavity two, are connected to form a group of channels.

[0011] The heat exchanger based on the bionic fractal structure is basically a tubular structure, which is divided into two fluids inside and outside the tube. One fluid flows into the inner cavity of the pipeline from top to bottom, and the other fluid flows from the side in the gap between the tubes. The two fluids participate in heat exchange near the alveolar-mimicking heat exchange core.

[0012] The design concept of the present invention is:

[0013] The present invention is based on a bionic structure and applies fractal technology to propose a bionic fractal design scheme. Bionic fractal design studies the evolutionary process of "growing creation" in nature, explores the complex influence of multiple factors such as weight / heat transfer / flow resistance / reliability based on bionic ideas (alveolar structure), and applies fractal theory to design a heat exchanger based on a bionic fractal structure. At the same time, the alveolar-like heat exchange core prepared by 3D / 4D printing can expand the heat exchange surface area of ​​the heat exchanger and realize the integrated forming of complex heat exchange structures.

[0014] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The heat exchanger of the present invention adopts the bionic fractal concept, and the alveolar-like heat exchange core draws on the connection and strengthening structure of biological blood vessels and alveoli to improve the heat exchange effect.

[0016] 2. The alveolar-like heat exchange core and shell of the heat exchanger of the present invention are manufactured by 3D printing. According to the flow characteristics of the medium in the pipeline, various forms of reinforcement structures can be added, and the layout of the reinforcement structure can also be set according to actual needs, with good processability.

[0017] 3. The heat exchanger of the present invention has three fluid chambers. One fluid flows into the inner cavity of the pipeline from top to bottom, and the other fluid flows from the side in the gap between the tubes. The two fluids participate in heat exchange near the core, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange effect. Description of the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger based on a bionic fractal structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bionic original surface heat exchange unit that simulates the alveolar heat exchange core.

[0020] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the process of obtaining an alveolar-like heat exchange core by translationally combining two sets of bionic original surface heat exchange units.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the alveolar-mimicking heat exchange core.

[0022] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1-imitation alveolar heat exchange core, 2-shell, 3-pipeline one (interspersed into pipeline two after translation), 4-fluid cavity one, 5-fluid cavity two, 6-fluid cavity three. Specific implementation method:

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the implementation of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchanger based on the bionic fractal structure of the present invention comprises an alveolar-like heat exchange core 1 and an outer shell 2. The outer shell 2 is arranged on the periphery of the alveolar-like heat exchange core 1, and the alveolar-like heat exchange core 1 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 2. The alveolar-like heat exchange core 1 is composed of a bionic original surface heat exchange unit. The bionic original surface heat exchange unit of the alveolar-like heat exchange core 1 draws on the connection structure of biological blood vessels and alveoli, so that the heat exchange area is high and the pressure drop is small. The meaning of "bionic original surface" refers to the outer surface of the bionic structure. The material of the alveolar-like heat exchange core 1 is titanium alloy or other metal materials with good thermal conductivity, and the material of the outer shell 2 is the same material as that of the alveolar-like heat exchange core 1. The alveolar-like heat exchange core 1 and the outer shell 2 are integrally formed by 3D printing or 4D printing, which has the advantage of being easy to use and does not need to be assembled again.

[0026] like Figure 2and Figure 3 As shown, the bionic original surface heat exchange unit of the present invention draws on the connection structure of biological blood vessels and alveoli, and its basic type is a tubular structure, such as: more than two four-way pipe joints connecting structure, and there are two kinds of fluids inside the tube (such as: fluid cavity 1 4 in pipeline 1 3 or fluid cavity 2 5 in pipeline 2) and outside the tube (such as: fluid cavity 3 6 between pipeline 1 and pipeline 2). Among them, pipeline 1 3 is inserted into the original pores after translation (inserted into the original pores after translation according to the basic unit of the alveoli) to become pipeline 2. Therefore, its heat exchange surface is a primary heat transfer surface (original surface) with high heat transfer efficiency. At the same time, it can improve the disadvantage of low compactness (heat transfer area per unit volume) of traditional tubular heat exchangers. The alveolar-like heat exchange core 1 is manufactured by 3D printing or 4D printing. According to the flow characteristics of the medium in the pipeline, various forms of reinforcement structures can be added, and the layout of the reinforcement structure can also be set according to actual needs, with good processability.

[0027] It is understandable that if Figure 3 As shown in (a), the unit cell ( Figure 2 The bionic original surface heat exchange unit) is combined in space to form a pipeline model, and then the connected pipeline model is spatially translated, interspersed and nested to obtain a pipeline model containing two connected Figure 3 (b) is the alveolar-simulating heat exchange core used in the present invention, wherein the two connected pipeline models refer to the formed fluid cavity 1 4 and fluid cavity 2 5 respectively.

[0028] It is understandable that if Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the alveolar heat exchange core structure has three fluid cavities: the inner cavity of pipeline 1 3 forms a connected fluid cavity 1 4, the inner cavity of pipeline 2 (formed by the translation and insertion of pipeline 1 3) forms a connected fluid cavity 2 5, and the gap between fluid cavity 1 4 and fluid cavity 2 5 forms a connected fluid cavity 3 6. It is proposed to connect the two pipeline cavities (fluid cavity 1 4 and fluid cavity 2 5) to form a set of channels. The basic type of heat exchanger is a tubular structure, which is divided into two fluids inside and outside the tube. One fluid (such as hot water) flows into the inner cavity of the pipeline (inside the tube) from top to bottom, and the other fluid (such as cold water) flows from the side in the gap between the tubes (outside the tube). The two fluids participate in heat exchange near the alveolar heat exchange core 1.

[0029] The results of the embodiments show that the heat exchanger of the present invention is based on a bionic structure, has obvious advantages such as high heat transfer area per unit volume and small pressure drop, has good flow heat exchange characteristics, and improves the heat exchange effect.

[0030] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger based on bionic fractal structure, It is characterized in that It comprises an alveolar-imitating heat exchange core and an outer shell. The outer shell is arranged around the alveolar-imitating heat exchange core, and the alveolar-imitating heat exchange core is fixedly connected to the outer shell. The alveolar-imitating heat exchange core is composed of a bionic original surface heat exchange unit. The bionic original surface heat exchange unit of the alveolar-imitating heat exchange core adopts a connection structure of biological blood vessels and alveoli.

2. The heat exchanger based on the bionic fractal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The unit bodies of the alveolar heat exchange core are combined in space to form a pipeline model, and then the connected pipeline models are translated, interspersed and nested in space to obtain a pipeline model including two connected ones, namely the alveolar heat exchange core.

3. The heat exchanger based on bionic fractal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The alveolar-like heat exchange core is manufactured using 3D / 4D printing.

4. The heat exchanger based on bionic fractal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The alveolar-like heat exchange core and shell are integrally formed using 3D / 4D printing.

5. The heat exchanger based on bionic fractal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that There are three fluid cavities in the alveolar-like heat exchange core: the inner cavity of pipeline one forms a connected fluid cavity one, pipeline one is translated and interlaced to form pipeline two, the inner cavity of pipeline two forms a connected fluid cavity two, and the gap between fluid cavity one and fluid cavity two forms a connected fluid cavity three; the inner cavities of the two pipelines, fluid cavity one and fluid cavity two, are connected to form a group of channels.

6. The heat exchanger based on bionic fractal structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The basic type of heat exchanger is a tubular structure, which is divided into two fluids inside and outside the tube. One fluid flows into the inner cavity of the tube from top to bottom, and the other fluid flows from the side in the gap between the tubes. The two fluids participate in heat exchange near the alveolar-simulating heat exchange core.

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