Roadway surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a roadway surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, system and method, and belongs to the field of industrial and mining equipment. According to the technical scheme, the roadway surrounding rock deformation monitoring device comprises a laser emitting assembly and a plurality of laser sensing assemblies, the laser emitting assembly comprises a plurality of laser emitting units, each laser emitting unit comprises a mounting frame, two laser positioning lamps are rotationally mounted in each mounting frame, and the multiple laser emitting units are arranged in the extending direction of a roadway; the laser induction assemblies are located in the projection directions of the multiple laser positioning lamps, and the multiple laser induction assemblies are electrically connected with the controller. According to the scheme, the laser emission unit is arranged to be a plurality of groups of paired laser positioning lamps, the projection angles of the laser positioning lamps are adjustable, and the laser induction assemblies with the corresponding number are matched, so that multiple positions of the surrounding rock of the roadway in one section are monitored, the monitoring is more comprehensive and perfect, and the reliability of monitoring data is improved; and the angle-adjustable form can adapt to roadways with different section shapes and sizes, so that the use is more flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of industrial and mining equipment, and in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring system, and a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] In the development process of underground mines, tunnels or other underground projects, passages for transportation, ventilation, drainage, pedestrians, etc. are mainly used to connect various underground working faces to realize resource exploitation and utilization of underground space. The inner wall of the tunnel is called surrounding rock. The stability of the tunnel surrounding rock directly determines the safety of the tunnel. In order to improve the stability of the surrounding rock, it is usually necessary to support the surrounding rock, such as anchor support, concrete support, steel support and other support forms.

[0003] In addition to support, deformation monitoring of the surrounding rock is also required to keep track of the surrounding rock status, evaluate the support effect and tunnel stability, and ensure project safety. The usual monitoring method uses laser irradiation on the receiving plate. When the light-sensing structure on a specific receiving plate detects the deviation of the light source, it can be concluded that the rock mass of the receiving plate has deformed.

[0004] Traditional laser irradiation devices usually have a one-transmit-one-receive structure, which is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel after adjusting the irradiation angle. In this way, the monitoring point is relatively single, making it difficult to conduct comprehensive monitoring of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0005] Aiming at the problem that the current tunnel surrounding rock monitoring has a single location and cannot achieve comprehensive monitoring, the present invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, including a laser emitting component and a plurality of laser sensing components, the laser emitting component including a plurality of laser emitting units, the laser emitting unit including a mounting frame, two laser positioning lights are rotatably mounted in the mounting frame, and the light beam projection directions of the two laser positioning lights are arranged opposite to each other. In the laser emitting component, the plurality of laser emitting units are arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel, and among the plurality of laser positioning lights located on the same side, the projection directions of adjacent laser positioning lights form a certain angle; the plurality of laser sensing components are respectively located in the projection directions of the plurality of laser positioning lights and are used to receive the lasers emitted by the corresponding laser positioning lights and generate position signals, and also include a controller, the plurality of the laser sensing components and the controller are electrically connected and receive the position signals. In the monitoring device of this scheme, the laser emitting unit is configured as a plurality of paired laser positioning lights, and the projection angle of the laser positioning lights is adjustable. The laser positioning lights can be adjusted to different angles, and cooperated with a corresponding number of laser sensing components to realize multiple monitoring of the tunnel surrounding rock in one section. The monitoring is more comprehensive and complete, and the reliability of the monitoring data is improved. At the same time, the adjustable angle form can adapt to tunnels of different cross-sectional shapes and sizes, and is more flexible to use.

[0007] As a preferred implementation scheme of a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, the laser sensing assembly also includes a top bracket, and multiple laser emitting units are detachably mounted on the top bracket. One of the opposite surfaces between the mounting frame and the top bracket is provided with a suspension beam, and the other is provided with a plug-in slot, and the suspension beam is adapted to the cross section of the plug-in slot. Multiple laser emitting units are installed in a sliding plug-in manner, and the number of installed laser positioning lights can be flexibly adjusted according to the size and shape of the tunnel cross section.

[0008] As a preferred implementation scheme of the tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, the suspension beam is arranged on the bottom surface of the top bracket, and the bottom surface of the top bracket is also provided with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is located at one end of the suspension beam, and the side of the mounting frame located at the end is abutted against the mounting plate. A mounting plate is arranged at the bottom of the top bracket for the laser emitting unit to abut and position.

[0009] As a preferred implementation scheme of a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, the side of the mounting plate facing the suspension beam is also provided with a mounting screw, and the mounting frame is also provided with a mounting fastening hole, the mounting screw passes through the mounting fastening holes of multiple mounting frames and is installed with a fastening nut, and multiple mounting frames are clamped between the fastening nut and the mounting plate. After the laser emitting unit is installed, its position is fixed by the fastening nut to prevent the laser emitting unit from moving due to external vibration and other factors, which greatly improves the monitoring accuracy and reduces the misjudgment rate.

[0010] As a preferred implementation scheme of a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, the laser positioning lamp is a rod structure, one end of which is provided with a gear connecting frame, the center of which is rotatably connected to the mounting frame, and in the same laser emitting unit, the gear connecting frames of two laser positioning lamps are meshed with each other. The two laser positioning lamps in the same laser emitting unit change their angles synchronously, and symmetrical monitoring is achieved on both sides of the tunnel, making the monitoring layout more scientific and the adjustment more convenient.

[0011] As a preferred implementation scheme of a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, in each laser emission unit, an adjustment knob is provided at the center of the gear connecting frame of at least one of the two laser positioning lamps, and the adjustment knob is extended to the outside of the mounting frame. The adjustment knob is provided to make the angle adjustment of the laser positioning lamp more convenient.

[0012] As a preferred implementation scheme of a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, the laser sensing assembly includes a photosensitive receiving plate and a lower bracket, and the photosensitive receiving plate is mounted on the lower bracket.

[0013] As a preferred implementation scheme of a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, along the tunnel direction, the length of the lower bracket is greater than the length of the photosensitive receiving plate. The lower bracket covers a longer tunnel length in the length direction, which can realize range monitoring and further improve the reliability of monitoring.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring system, including a central controller and multiple groups of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring devices, and the controllers of the multiple groups of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring devices are all connected to the central controller by signal. The system includes multiple monitoring devices as described above, which are arranged inside the tunnel and can perform comprehensive surrounding rock deformation monitoring on the entire tunnel, thereby ensuring the safety of the tunnel.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a method for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock in a tunnel, using the above-mentioned monitoring device for deformation of surrounding rock in a tunnel, the method comprises the following steps: S1. Device layout: install the laser emitting assembly on the top of the inner wall of the tunnel, install multiple laser sensing assemblies on both sides of the laser emitting assembly, and arrange them in sequence in the height direction of the inner wall of the tunnel, adjust the angle of the laser positioning light so that the laser of the laser positioning light is projected on each laser sensing assembly; S2. The laser sensing component generates an initial position signal according to the current laser irradiation position, and the initial position signal is stored in the controller; S3. The laser sensing component continuously detects the irradiation position of the laser and sends the current position signal to the controller in real time; S4. When the position difference between the current position signal and the initial position signal exceeds a certain distance and has not been restored, the controller reports abnormal information to the monitoring personnel.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the advantages of the present invention are that the device realizes multiple monitoring of the surrounding rock of the tunnel in a cross section through multiple groups of paired laser positioning lights and corresponding laser sensing components, which greatly improves the comprehensiveness and completeness of the monitoring, thereby improving the reliability of the monitoring data. The projection angle of the laser positioning light is adjustable, so that the monitoring device can adapt to tunnels of different shapes and sizes, increasing the flexibility of use. The sliding plug-in installation form of the laser emitting unit and the fixing method of the fastening nut make the device easy to install and adjust, while improving the monitoring accuracy and reducing the misjudgment rate. In addition, the symmetrical monitoring design and the setting of the adjustment knob make the monitoring layout more scientific and the adjustment more convenient. The length design of the lower bracket also makes the monitoring range wider, further improving the reliability of the monitoring. The entire system connects multiple groups of monitoring devices through the central controller, realizes the overall comprehensive surrounding rock deformation monitoring of the tunnel, and ensures the safety of the tunnel. The real-time monitoring and early warning function in the monitoring method can report abnormal information in time, providing a strong guarantee for the safety of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation mode of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser emission component in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser emitting unit in a specific implementation manner of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser positioning lamp in a specific implementation manner of the present invention.

[0022] Description of main reference numerals 1. Laneway, 2. Lower bracket, 3. Top bracket, 4. Receiving plate, 5. Mounting plate, 6. Suspension beam, 7. Mounting frame, 8. Adjustment knob, 9. Mounting screw, 10. Fastening nut, 11. Laser positioning light, 12. Rotating shaft hole, 13. Plug slot, 14. Mounting fastening hole, 15. Gear connecting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this specific embodiment. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0024] Embodiment 1 The present embodiment provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, including a laser emitting assembly, a plurality of laser sensing assemblies and a controller, wherein the laser emitting assembly includes a plurality of laser emitting units, and the laser emitting unit includes a mounting frame 7, wherein two laser positioning lamps 11 are rotatably mounted in the mounting frame 7, and the light beam projection directions of the two laser positioning lamps 11 are arranged opposite to each other, in the laser emitting assembly, the plurality of laser emitting units are arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel, and among the plurality of laser positioning lamps 11 located on the same side, the projection directions of adjacent laser positioning lamps 11 form a certain angle; the plurality of laser sensing assemblies are respectively located in the projection directions of the plurality of laser positioning lamps 11 and are used to receive the lasers emitted by the corresponding laser positioning lamps 11 and generate position signals, and the plurality of laser sensing assemblies are electrically connected to the controller and receive the position signals.

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the device is set up based on lane 1. Figure 1 Taking the semicircular cross-section tunnel shown as an example, the laser emitting assembly is arranged at the top of the tunnel 1, and the laser emitting assembly also includes a top bracket 3, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tunnel 1. The lower end of the top bracket 3 is fixedly connected to the suspension beam 6, and the top of the mounting frame 7 is provided with a plug-in slot 13, and the suspension beam 6 is adapted to the cross-section of the plug-in slot 13. Through the plug-in cooperation between the plug-in slot 13 and the suspension beam, multiple laser emitting units are mounted under the top bracket 3. The side of the mounting plate 5 facing the suspension beam 6 is also provided with a mounting screw 9, and the mounting frame 7 is also provided with a mounting fastening hole 14. The mounting screw 9 passes through the mounting fastening holes 14 of multiple mounting frames 7 and is installed with a fastening nut 10, and multiple mounting frames 7 are clamped between the fastening nut and the mounting plate 8.

[0026] In the laser emitting unit, as Figure 4As shown, the laser positioning light 11 is a rod structure, one end of the laser positioning light 11 is provided with a gear connecting frame 15, the gear positioning frame 5 is a disc-shaped structure, and a tooth surface is set on the outer periphery of the disc (not shown in the figure), and the center of the gear connecting frame 15 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 7 so that the laser positioning light 11 can swing. In the same laser emitting unit, the gear connecting frames 15 of the two laser positioning lights 11 are meshed with each other. Further, in the same laser emitting unit, the outer end of the gear connecting frame 15 on the left is fixedly connected with a rotating rod, and a rotating shaft hole 12 is opened on one side wall of the mounting frame 7. One end of the rotating rod passes through the accommodating hole, and the end is fixedly connected with an adjusting rotating knob 8, which is located outside the rotating shaft hole 12. The outer end face of the other side wall of the mounting frame 7 is also provided with an accommodating hole. When multiple laser emitting units are installed on the top bracket in sequence, the adjusting rotating knob 8 is located in the accommodating hole of an adjacent laser emitting unit.

[0027] When the mounting bracket 7 is inserted into the suspension beam 6, the mounting screw 9 is sleeved in the mounting fastening hole 14, and the mounting bracket 7 is fastened by the fastening nut 10. At this time, the shaft hole 12 presses and fastens the adjusting rotating knob 8 to prevent deflection. Furthermore, the laser positioning light 11 in the outermost mounting bracket 7 is not used, and is only used to prevent the rotating knob 8 from deflecting.

[0028] The laser sensing assembly includes a photosensitive receiving plate 4 and a lower bracket 2, wherein the photosensitive receiving plate 4 is mounted on the lower bracket 2. Figure 1 As shown, in the cross section of the tunnel 1, the lower bracket 2 is fixedly connected at equal intervals on the inner side of the tunnel 1, and the end face of the lower bracket 2 facing the center of the tunnel is fixedly connected to the receiving plate 4, and the receiving plate 4 corresponds to receiving the laser emitted by the laser positioning lamp 11. When the tunnel 1 is deformed, the receiving plate 4 will be offset, so that the relative position of the laser on the laser plate 4 will be offset, that is, the position signal of the laser irradiation position fed back by the receiving plate 4. Along the tunnel direction, the length of the lower bracket 2 is greater than the length of the photosensitive receiving plate 4, and thus, the action range of the laser sensing component is not limited to one cross section. Through the lengthened lower bracket 2, a certain range can be covered in the length direction of the tunnel. Within this length range, the deformation of any position of the surrounding rock can change the state of the lower bracket 2, thereby causing the sensing plate to be displaced, and the deformation position of the tunnel 1 can be understood. For tunnels with larger cross-sectional dimensions, the intervals between adjacent laser sensing components will also increase. In this case, if the monitoring accuracy is to be improved, the number of laser emitting units and corresponding receiving plates 4 can be increased.

[0029] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring system, including a central controller and multiple groups of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring devices provided in Example 1, the multiple groups of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring devices are arranged along the length direction of the tunnel, and the controllers of the multiple groups of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring devices are all connected to the central controller signal.

[0030] Embodiment 3 Based on the tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device provided in the first embodiment, this embodiment further provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring method, using the tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device of the first embodiment, the method includes the following steps: S1. Device layout: install the laser emitting assembly on the top of the inner wall of the tunnel, install multiple laser sensing assemblies on both sides of the laser emitting assembly, and arrange them in sequence in the height direction of the inner wall of the tunnel, adjust the angle of the laser positioning lamp 11, so that the laser of the laser positioning lamp 11 is projected on each laser sensing assembly; S2. The laser sensing component generates an initial position signal according to the current laser irradiation position, and the initial position signal is stored in the controller; S3. The laser sensing component continuously detects the irradiation position of the laser and sends the current position signal to the controller in real time; S4. When the position difference between the current position signal and the initial position signal exceeds a certain distance and has not been restored, the controller reports abnormal information to the monitoring personnel.

[0031] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the device realizes multiple monitoring of the surrounding rock of the tunnel in a cross section through multiple groups of paired laser positioning lights and corresponding laser sensing components, which greatly improves the comprehensiveness and completeness of the monitoring, thereby improving the reliability of the monitoring data. The projection angle of the laser positioning light is adjustable, so that the monitoring device can adapt to tunnels of different shapes and sizes, increasing the flexibility of use. The sliding plug-in installation form of the laser emitting unit and the fixing method of the fastening nut make the device easy to install and adjust, while improving the monitoring accuracy and reducing the misjudgment rate. In addition, the symmetrical monitoring design and the setting of the adjustment knob make the monitoring layout more scientific and the adjustment more convenient. The length design of the lower bracket also makes the monitoring range wider, further improving the reliability of the monitoring. The entire system connects multiple groups of monitoring devices through the central controller, realizes the overall comprehensive surrounding rock deformation monitoring of the tunnel, and ensures the safety of the tunnel. The real-time monitoring and early warning function in the monitoring method can report abnormal information in time, providing a strong guarantee for the safety of the tunnel.

[0032] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes a laser emitting component and multiple laser sensing components. The laser emitting component includes multiple laser emitting units. The laser emitting unit includes a mounting frame. Two laser positioning lights are rotatably mounted in the mounting frame. The light beam projection directions of the two laser positioning lights are arranged in opposite directions. In the laser emitting component, the multiple laser emitting units are arranged along the extension direction of the lane. Among the multiple laser positioning lights located on the same side, the projection directions of adjacent laser positioning lights form a certain angle. The multiple laser sensing components are respectively located in the projection directions of the multiple laser positioning lights and are used to receive the lasers emitted by the corresponding laser positioning lights and generate position signals. It also includes a controller. The multiple laser sensing components and the controller are electrically connected and receive position signals.

2. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser sensing component also includes a top bracket, and multiple laser emitting units are detachably mounted on the top bracket. One of the opposite surfaces between the mounting frame and the top bracket is provided with a suspension beam, and the other is provided with a plug-in slot, and the cross-section of the suspension beam is adapted to the cross-section of the plug-in slot.

3. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The suspension beam is arranged on the bottom surface of the top bracket, and a mounting plate is also arranged on the bottom surface of the top bracket. The mounting plate is located at one end of the suspension beam, and the side surface of the mounting frame located at the end is abutted against the mounting plate.

4. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The side of the mounting plate facing the suspension beam is also provided with a mounting screw, and the mounting frame is also provided with a mounting fastening hole. The mounting screw passes through the mounting fastening holes of multiple mounting frames and is installed with a fastening nut. Multiple mounting frames are clamped between the fastening nuts and the mounting plate.

5. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser positioning light is a rod structure. A gear connecting frame is provided at one end of the laser positioning light. The center of the gear connecting frame is rotatably connected to the mounting frame. In the same laser emitting unit, the gear connecting frames of the two laser positioning lights are meshed with each other.

6. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: In each laser emitting unit, an adjusting rotating knob is provided at the center of the gear connecting frame of at least one of the two laser positioning lights, and the adjusting rotating knob passes through to the outside of the mounting frame.

7. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser sensing component comprises a photosensitive receiving plate and a lower bracket, and the photosensitive receiving plate is mounted on the lower bracket.

8. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along the lane direction, the length of the lower bracket is greater than the length of the photosensitive receiving plate.

9. A tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring system, characterized in that: It comprises a central controller and a plurality of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring devices as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the controllers of the plurality of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring devices are all connected to the central controller by signal.

10. A method for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock in a tunnel, characterized in that: Using the tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises the following steps: S1. Device layout: install the laser emitting assembly on the top of the inner wall of the tunnel, install multiple laser sensing assemblies on both sides of the laser emitting assembly, and arrange them in sequence in the height direction of the inner wall of the tunnel, adjust the angle of the laser positioning light so that the laser of the laser positioning light is projected on each laser sensing assembly; S2. The laser sensing component generates an initial position signal according to the current laser irradiation position, and the initial position signal is stored in the controller; S3. The laser sensing component continuously detects the irradiation position of the laser and sends the current position signal to the controller in real time; S4. When the position difference between the current position signal and the initial position signal exceeds a certain distance and has not been restored, the controller reports abnormal information to the monitoring personnel.

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