A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of grassland environmental monitoring, and specifically refers to a monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands, which includes a protective housing, a balance component, a rainfall detection component, a soil humidity detection device, and a camera component. When the device is not in use, the protective housing can be combined to protect the internal rainfall detection component and soil humidity detection device. When in use, the threaded rod motor drives the adjustable double threaded rod to rotate, so that the moving sleeves move away from each other, and the connecting rod drives the protective housing to move away from each other, and the rainfall detection component and the soil humidity detection device come into contact with the external environment to realize the detection of rainfall and soil humidity; the gear motor can drive the control gear to rotate, and the control gear can drive the moving wheel to rotate through the control teeth, so that the device can move, and the position of the device can be adjusted according to actual monitoring needs, increasing the environmental monitoring range and improving the flexibility of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of grassland environmental monitoring, and specifically refers to a monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands. Background Art

[0002] Alpine grasslands are ecosystems mainly composed of cold-tolerant perennial herbaceous plants in cold and semi-arid areas above 3000 meters above sea level, such as alpine meadows and alpine steppes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Such grasslands have unique vegetation compositions and ecological functions; water conservation refers to the interaction between an ecosystem and water through its unique structure, intercepting, infiltrating, and storing precipitation, and regulating water flow and the water cycle through evaporation.

[0003] In recent years, due to the influence of climate change and human activities, alpine grasslands have shown signs of degradation, manifested as a decrease in biodiversity, vegetation cover, and productivity, as well as a decrease in soil nutrients and organic matter. In particular, the damage to the water conservation function of plateau grasslands is significant. During the ecological restoration process of alpine grasslands, monitoring the water conservation function is particularly important. Existing water conservation function monitoring devices are mostly installed in fixed positions and can only monitor a specific area at a certain location, making the use process less flexible.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands to solve the technical problems existing in the current alpine grassland environmental monitoring process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands. When the device is not in use, the protective shell can be combined to protect the internal rainfall detection component and soil humidity detection device. When in use, the threaded rod motor drives the adjustment double threaded rod to rotate, so that the moving sleeves move away from each other, and the connecting rod drives the protective shells to move away from each other, enabling the rainfall detection component and soil humidity detection device to come into contact with the external environment, realizing the detection of rainfall and soil humidity; the gear motor can drive the control gear to rotate, and the control gear can drive the moving wheel to rotate through the control teeth, enabling the device to move, and the position of the device can be adjusted according to actual monitoring needs, increasing the environmental monitoring range and improving the flexibility of the device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands, including a balancing component. On the left and right sides of the balancing component, protective shells are symmetrically and movably arranged. Above the balancing component, a rainfall detection component is provided. Below the balancing component, a soil moisture detection device is movably arranged. When the protective shells are combined with each other, the balancing component, the rainfall detection component, and the soil moisture detection device are respectively located inside the protective shells. On the opposite side edges of the protective shells, moving wheels are respectively rotatably arranged. On the inner side wall of the inner ring of the moving wheel, control teeth are fixedly arranged in an annular array. On the inner wall of the protective shell, a gear motor is fixedly arranged. At the output end of the gear motor, a control gear is provided. The control gear meshes with the control teeth. The balancing component includes a support disc, a first balancing ring, a second balancing ring, and a balancing disc. The support disc is arranged between the protective shells. On the upper wall of the support disc, a rotating opening is provided. The first balancing ring is rotatably arranged inside the rotating opening. The second balancing ring is rotatably arranged inside the first balancing ring. The rotation axes of the first balancing ring and the second balancing ring are perpendicular to each other. The balancing disc is fixedly arranged at the inner center of the lower end of the second balancing ring. The rainfall detection component is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the balancing disc. The soil moisture detection device is movably arranged on the lower wall of the balancing disc. An inclination sensor is arranged inside the balancing disc.

[0007] Further, at the left and right ends of the inner wall of the rotating opening, first shaft sleeves are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. On the left and right ends of the outer side wall of the first balancing ring, first rotating shafts are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. The first rotating shafts are respectively rotatably arranged inside the first shaft sleeves. On the front and rear ends of the inner side wall of the inner ring of the first balancing ring, second shaft sleeves are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. On the front and rear ends of the outer side wall of the second balancing ring, second rotating shafts are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. The second rotating shafts are respectively rotatably arranged inside the second shaft sleeves. On the side walls of the first shaft sleeve and the first balancing ring close to each other, and on the side walls of the second shaft sleeve and the second balancing ring close to each other, friction damping gaskets are coaxially and fixedly arranged. The friction damping gaskets are in contact with each other.

[0008] Further, on the lower end surface of the second balancing ring, connecting pieces are fixedly arranged in an annular array. At the lower ends of the connecting pieces, heavy blocks are fixedly arranged.

[0009] Further, an adjusting double threaded rod is rotatably arranged at the front end of the support disc. An adjusting sliding rod is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the support disc. On the adjusting double threaded rod and the adjusting sliding rod, moving sleeves are respectively sleeved from left to right. The two moving sleeves sleeved on the adjusting double threaded rod are respectively threadedly connected to the side walls of the two ends with opposite thread rotation directions of the adjusting double threaded rod. On the moving sleeves, connecting rods are fixedly arranged. The connecting rods are respectively fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective shell. At the end of the adjusting double threaded rod, a threaded rod motor is provided. The threaded rod motor is fixedly arranged on the support disc. The output end of the threaded rod motor is connected to the end of the adjusting double threaded rod.

[0010] Further, the rainfall detection component includes a tipping bucket rain sensor and an outer protection cylinder. The tipping bucket rain sensor is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the balance plate. The outer protection cylinder is fixedly arranged at the edge of the upper wall of the balance plate. The tipping bucket rain sensor is arranged inside the outer protection cylinder, and a protection net is arranged at the upper part of the outer protection cylinder.

[0011] Further, the soil humidity detection device includes a lower telescopic rod and a soil humidity detection insert. The lower telescopic rod is fixedly arranged at the center of the lower wall of the balance plate. The lower telescopic rod penetrates through the center of the upper wall of the heavy block. The soil humidity detection insert is fixedly arranged at the output end of the lower telescopic rod. When the output end of the lower telescopic rod drives the soil humidity detection insert to descend to the lowest point, the soil humidity detection insert is located below the protection shell.

[0012] Further, a camera component is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the protection shell. The camera component includes a fixed disk, a rotating arm, a rotating frame and a monitoring camera. The fixed disk is fixedly arranged at the center of the outer wall of the protection shell. One end of the rotating arm is rotatably arranged at the center of the end face of the fixed disk. A rotating micro-motor is arranged inside the fixed disk. The output end of the rotating micro-motor is connected to the end of the rotating arm. A rolling micro-motor is fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating arm. The output end of the rolling micro-motor is provided with a rotating frame. The monitoring camera is horizontally rotatably arranged inside the rotating frame. A horizontal micro-motor is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating frame. The output end of the horizontal micro-motor is connected to the end of the monitoring camera.

[0013] Further, a main controller is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protection shell, and a rainfall monitor and a solar panel are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the outer wall of the protection shell respectively.

[0014] Further, a support rod is fixedly arranged on the lower outer wall of the protection shell. A universal ball is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the support rod. The lower end of the universal ball and the lower end of the moving wheel are at the same horizontal plane.

[0015] Further, the gear motor, the rainfall monitor, the solar panel, the threaded rod motor, the tipping bucket rain sensor, the lower telescopic rod, the soil humidity detection insert, the rotating micro-motor, the rolling micro-motor, the horizontal micro-motor, the monitoring camera and the inclination sensor are respectively electrically connected to the main controller.

[0016] Further, the main controller is internally provided with a main control panel, a GPS navigation module, a satellite communication module and a main control power supply. The rainfall monitor adopts a capacitive rain sensor, and the inclination sensor adopts an SVT626T biaxial inclination sensor.

[0017] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention with the above structure are as follows:

[0018] (1)When the device is not in use, the protective housing can be combined to protect the internal rainfall detection component and soil moisture detection device. When in use, the threaded rod motor drives the adjustable double threaded rod to rotate, so that the moving sleeves move away from each other, and the connecting rod drives the protective housing to move away from each other. The rainfall detection component and soil moisture detection device come into contact with the external environment, realizing the detection of rainfall and soil moisture;

[0019] (2)The gear motor can drive the control gear to rotate, and the control gear can drive the moving wheel to rotate through the control teeth, so that the device can move. The position of the device can be adjusted according to actual monitoring needs, increasing the environmental monitoring range and improving the flexibility of the device. The support rod and universal ball play a supporting role to ensure that the device will not tip over during movement;

[0020] (3)The ground environment of alpine grasslands is relatively complex. When encountering a slope, the device will tilt, resulting in the tilting of the rainfall detection component and inaccurate rainfall detection results. Therefore, the device is provided with a first balance ring and a second balance ring. When the device tilts, the weight always points vertically downward due to gravity. The first balance ring and the second balance ring tilt and rotate in two mutually perpendicular directions relative to the support plate respectively. At the same time, the moving wheel can drive the device to rotate horizontally, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the rainfall detection component in three rotation directions: roll, pitch, and horizontal, ensuring that the rainfall detection component is always perpendicular to the ground and thus ensuring the accuracy of rainfall detection results;

[0021] (4)When the first balance ring and the second balance ring tilt, the friction damping gasket will increase the friction between the first balance ring and the first bushing and between the second balance ring and the second bushing, effectively avoiding the problem of swinging when the first balance ring and the second balance ring rotate, reducing the impact force, and ensuring the stability of the rainfall detection component;

[0022] (5)The soil moisture detection device includes a lower telescopic rod and a soil moisture detection insert. When soil moisture detection is required, the lower telescopic rod will drive the soil moisture detection insert to descend and insert the soil moisture detection insert into the soil, realizing the detection of the water content of the soil below the device;

[0023] (6)The rainfall detection component includes a tipping bucket rain gauge sensor, which can monitor the precipitation at the location of the device. The main controller can analyze the water conservation situation in the area of this location based on the obtained precipitation data combined with the soil water content data detected by the soil moisture detection insert, and send the relevant data to the remote control center through the satellite communication module for researchers to study and use, which is convenient and fast;

[0024] (7)The rainfall monitor installed on the outer wall of the protective shell can sense whether rainfall occurs in the location area. If there is no rainfall, the main controller can automatically control the protective shell to merge, protecting the internal rainfall detection component and soil humidity detection device. At this time, the device can remain in standby state, reducing operation losses. Meanwhile, the solar panel can convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the main control power supply during sufficient sunlight, thus ensuring the normal operation of the device during rainy days. When the rainfall monitor detects rainfall, the main controller can automatically open the protective shell, enabling the device to start the normal monitoring process;

[0025] (8)The camera component can record the images of the monitored area in real time and transmit the image data to the remote control center through the satellite communication module. Researchers can further analyze the local water conservation status based on the actual on-site images. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of a monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands provided by the present invention in the operating state;

[0027] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of a monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands provided by the present invention in the state where the protective shell is merged;

[0028] Figure 3 Connection structural schematic diagram of the protective shell, movable sleeve and adjustable double-threaded rod;

[0029] Figure 4 Connection structural schematic diagram of the movable wheel and the protective shell;

[0030] Figure 5 Connection structural schematic diagram of the support plate, first balance ring, second balance ring, balance plate, tipping bucket rain gauge sensor and outer protection cylinder;

[0031] Figure 6 Connection structural schematic diagram of the balance plate, connecting piece, weight, lower telescopic rod and soil humidity detection insert;

[0032] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the first balance ring and the second balance ring in the tilted state;

[0033] Figure 8 Exploded structural schematic diagram of the first balance ring and the second balance ring in the tilted state;

[0034] Figure 9 Structural schematic diagram of a monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands provided by the present invention when used under inclined terrain conditions;

[0035] Figure 10It is a cross-sectional view of the first balance ring, the second bushing, the second balance ring, the second rotating shaft and the friction damping piece gasket;

[0036] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the camera assembly.

[0037] Among them, 1. Protective housing, 11. Moving wheels, 111. Control teeth, 12. Connecting rod, 121. Moving sleeve, 13. Gear motor, 131. Control gear, 14. Support rod, 141. Universal ball, 15. Main controller, 16. Rainfall monitor, 17. Solar panel, 2. Balance assembly, 21. Support disc, 211. Adjusting double threaded rod, 2111. Threaded rod motor, 212. Adjusting slide rod, 213. Rotating port, 2131. First bushing, 22. First balance ring, 221. First rotating shaft, 222. Second bushing, 23. Second balance ring, 231. Connecting piece, 232. Weight, 233. Second rotating shaft, 24. Balance disc, 25. Friction damping gasket, 3. Rainfall detection assembly, 31. Tipping bucket rain gauge sensor, 32. Outer protection cylinder, 321. Protection net, 4. Soil humidity detection device, 41. Lower telescopic rod, 42. Soil humidity detection insert piece, 5. Camera assembly, 51. Fixed disc, 511. Rotating micro motor, 52. Rotating arm, 521. Roll micro motor, 53. Rotating frame, 531. Horizontal micro motor, 54. Monitoring camera. Specific implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1-11, A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands in this embodiment includes a protective housing 1, a balancing component 2, a rainfall detection component 3, a soil humidity detection device 4, and a camera component 5. The protective housing 1 is symmetrically and movably arranged on the left and right sides of the balancing component 2. The rainfall detection component 3 is arranged above the balancing component 2. The soil humidity detection device 4 is movably arranged below the balancing component 2. When the protective housings 1 are merged with each other, the balancing component 2, the rainfall detection component 3, and the soil humidity detection device 4 are respectively located inside the protective housing 1, and the camera component 5 is respectively fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the protective housing 1.

[0041] On the opposite side edges of the protective housing 1, moving wheels 11 are respectively rotatably arranged. On the inner side wall of the inner ring of the moving wheel 11, control teeth 111 are fixedly arranged in a circular array. On the inner wall of the protective housing 1, a gear motor 13 is fixedly arranged. On the output end of the gear motor 13, a control gear 131 is arranged. The control gear 131 meshes with the control teeth 111. On the inner wall of the protective housing 1, connecting rods 12 are respectively fixedly arranged. At the end of the connecting rod 12, a moving sleeve 121 is fixedly arranged. On the lower outer wall of the protective housing 1, a support rod 14 is fixedly arranged. At the lower end of the support rod 14, a universal ball 141 is rotatably arranged. The lower end of the universal ball 141 and the lower end of the moving wheel 11 are at the same horizontal plane. On the inner wall of the protective housing 1, a main controller 15 is fixedly arranged. On the upper end of the outer wall of the protective housing 1, a rainfall monitor 16 and a solar panel 17 are respectively fixedly arranged.

[0042] The balancing component 2 includes a support disc 21, a first balancing ring 22, a second balancing ring 23, and a balancing disc 24. The support disc 21 is arranged between the protective housings 1. On the upper wall of the support disc 21, a rotating opening 213 is formed. The first balancing ring 22 is rotatably arranged inside the rotating opening 213. The second balancing ring 23 is rotatably arranged inside the first balancing ring 22. The rotation axes of the first balancing ring 22 and the second balancing ring 23 are perpendicular to each other. The balancing disc 24 is fixedly arranged at the inner center of the second balancing ring 23. The rainfall detection component 3 is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the balancing disc 24. The soil humidity detection device 4 is movably arranged on the lower wall of the balancing disc 24. An inclination sensor is arranged inside the balancing disc 24. On the lower end surface of the second balancing ring 23, connecting pieces 231 are fixedly arranged in a circular array. At the lower end of the connecting piece 231, a weight 232 is fixedly arranged;

[0043] On the left and right ends of the inner wall of the rotating port 213, first shaft sleeves 2131 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. On the left and right ends of the outer side wall of the first balance ring 22, first rotating shafts 221 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. The first rotating shafts 221 are respectively rotatably arranged in the first shaft sleeves 2131. On the front and rear ends of the inner side wall of the inner ring of the first balance ring 22, second shaft sleeves 222 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. On the front and rear ends of the outer side wall of the second balance ring 23, second rotating shafts 233 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. The second rotating shafts 233 are respectively rotatably arranged in the second shaft sleeves 222. Friction damping gaskets 25 are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the side walls of the first shaft sleeve 2131 and the first balance ring 22 that are close to each other, and on the side walls of the second shaft sleeve 222 and the second balance ring 23 that are close to each other. The friction damping gaskets 25 are in contact with each other;

[0044] At the front end of the support disk 21, an adjusting double threaded rod 211 is rotatably arranged. At the rear end of the support disk 21, an adjusting slide rod 212 is fixedly arranged. The moving sleeves 121 are respectively sleeved on the adjusting double threaded rod 211 and the adjusting slide rod 212 from left to right. The two moving sleeves 121 sleeved on the adjusting double threaded rod 211 are respectively threadedly connected to the side walls of the two ends of the adjusting double threaded rod 211 with opposite thread rotation directions. At the end of the adjusting double threaded rod 211, there is a threaded rod motor 2111. The threaded rod motor 2111 is fixedly arranged on the support disk 21. The output end of the threaded rod motor 2111 is connected to the end of the adjusting double threaded rod 211.

[0045] The rainfall detection assembly 3 includes a tipping bucket rainfall sensor 31 and an outer protection cylinder 32. The tipping bucket rainfall sensor 31 is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the balance disk 24. The outer protection cylinder 32 is fixedly arranged on the upper wall edge of the balance disk 24. The tipping bucket rainfall sensor 31 is arranged inside the outer protection cylinder 32. A protective net 321 is arranged on the upper part of the outer protection cylinder 32;

[0046] The soil humidity detection device 4 includes a lower telescopic rod 41 and a soil humidity detection insert 42. The lower telescopic rod 41 is fixedly arranged at the center of the lower wall of the balance disk 24. The lower telescopic rod 41 penetrates through the center of the upper wall of the heavy block 232. The soil humidity detection insert 42 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the lower telescopic rod 41. When the output end of the lower telescopic rod 41 drives the soil humidity detection insert 42 to descend to the lowest point, the soil humidity detection insert 42 is located below the protection shell 1.

[0047] The camera assembly 5 includes a fixed disk 51, a rotating arm 52, a rotating bracket 53, and a monitoring camera 54. The fixed disk 51 is fixedly arranged at the center of the outer wall of the protective housing 1. One end of the rotating arm 52 is rotatably arranged at the center of the end face of the fixed disk 51. A rotating micro-motor 511 is arranged inside the fixed disk 51, and the output end of the rotating micro-motor 511 is connected to the end of the rotating arm 52. A roll micro-motor 521 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating arm 52, and a rotating bracket 53 is arranged at the output end of the roll micro-motor 521. The monitoring camera 54 is horizontally rotatably arranged inside the rotating bracket 53. A horizontal micro-motor 531 is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating bracket 53, and the output end of the horizontal micro-motor 531 is connected to the end of the monitoring camera 54.

[0048] The gear motor 13, the rainfall monitor 16, the solar panel 17, the threaded rod motor 2111, the tipping bucket rain gauge 31, the lower telescopic rod 41, the soil moisture detection insert 42, the rotating micro-motor 511, the roll micro-motor 521, the horizontal micro-motor 531, the monitoring camera 54, and the inclination sensor are respectively electrically connected to the main controller 15.

[0049] During specific use:

[0050] When the device is not in use, the protective housing 1 can be combined to protect the internal rainfall detection component 3 and the soil moisture detection device 4. The researcher places the device in the area where water conservation detection is required, so that the moving wheels 11 and the universal balls 141 contact the ground, and the device is started through a remote control device (prior art, not elaborated). When the device is in use, the main controller 15 automatically starts the threaded rod motor 2111, and the threaded rod motor 2111 drives the adjusting double threaded rod 211 to rotate, so that the moving sleeves 121 move away from each other, and the connecting rod 12 drives the protective housing 1 to move away from each other, and the rainfall detection component 3 and the soil moisture detection device 4 are in contact with the external environment, realizing the detection of rainfall and soil moisture.

[0051] Researchers send signals to this device through a remote control center. A satellite communication module is installed inside the main controller 15. Through the satellite communication module, this device can receive signals sent by the remote control center. The main controller 15 controls each mechanism of the device according to the signal content, thus achieving the effect of remote control. Therefore, researchers can remotely control the device to move along the planned route. The main controller 15 will automatically start the gear motor 13. The gear motor 13 can drive the control gear 131 to rotate. The control gear 131 can drive the moving wheel 11 to rotate through the control teeth 111, so that the device can move. When the relatively arranged moving wheels 11 rotate in the same direction, the device can move forward or backward. When the relatively arranged moving wheels 11 rotate in the opposite direction, the device can turn, thus increasing the movement flexibility of the device and enabling flexible adjustment of the position of the device according to actual monitoring needs, increasing the environmental monitoring range. During the movement of the device, the support rod 14 and the universal ball 141 play a supporting role to ensure that the device will not tip over during movement.

[0052] The ground environment of alpine grasslands is relatively complex. When encountering slopes, the device will tilt, which will cause the rainfall detection component 3 to tilt as well, resulting in inaccurate rainfall detection results. Therefore, this device is provided with a first balance ring 22 and a second balance ring 23. When the device tilts, the weight 232 always points vertically downward due to gravity. The first balance ring 22 and the second balance ring 23 tilt and rotate in two mutually perpendicular directions relative to the support disk 21 respectively, and adaptively adjust the rotation amount according to the tilt angle of the device. At the same time, the tilt sensor can detect the tilt angle of the balance disk 24 in real time. The main controller 15 adjusts the rotation direction of the device through the moving wheel 11 according to the detection value of the tilt sensor, so as to achieve the adaptive adjustment of the rainfall detection component 3 in the three rotation directions of roll, pitch and horizontal, ensuring that the tilt sensor detects that the balance disk 24 is always in a horizontal state, that is, ensuring that the rainfall detection component 3 is always perpendicular to the ground, and further ensuring the accuracy of the rainfall detection results;

[0053] When the first balance ring 22 and the second balance ring 23 tilt, the friction damping gasket 25 will increase the friction force between the first bushing 2131 and the first balance ring 22 and between the second bushing 222 and the second balance ring 23, thus effectively avoiding the problem of swinging when the first balance ring 22 and the second balance ring 23 rotate, reducing the impact force, and ensuring the stability of the rainfall detection component 3.

[0054] The soil humidity detection device 4 includes a lower telescopic rod 41 and a soil humidity detection insert 42. When soil humidity detection is required, the lower telescopic rod 41 drives the soil humidity detection insert 42 to descend and insert it into the soil. By measuring the dielectric constant of the soil, the soil humidity detection insert 42 can directly and stably reflect the true moisture content of various soils. Its structure and operating principle belong to the prior art and will not be elaborated here;

[0055] The rainfall detection component 3 includes a tipping bucket rain gauge sensor 31 and an outer protection cylinder 32. The tipping bucket rain gauge sensor 31 is a telemetry rain gauge instrument composed of a sensor and a signal recorder. It has the characteristics of high automation, strong timeliness in obtaining precipitation, and easy preservation and transmission of rainfall data, etc., and belongs to the prior art. Its specific structure and principle will not be elaborated here. The main controller 15 can analyze the water conservation situation in this location area based on the precipitation data obtained by the tipping bucket rain gauge sensor 31 and the soil moisture content data detected by the soil humidity detection insert 42, and send the relevant data to the remote control center through the satellite communication module for researchers to study and use, which is convenient and fast. The outer protection cylinder 32 protects the tipping bucket rain gauge sensor 31, and the protective net 321 prevents sundries from entering the tipping bucket rain gauge sensor 31 and affecting the detection results.

[0056] The rainfall monitor 16 provided on the outer wall of the protective housing 1 can sense whether rainfall occurs in this location area. If there is no rainfall, the main controller 15 can automatically control the protective housing 1 to close according to actual needs to protect the internal rainfall detection component 3 and soil humidity detection device 4. At this time, the device can remain in the standby state to reduce operation losses. At the same time, the solar panel 17 can convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the main control power supply during sufficient sunlight time, so as to ensure the normal operation of the device in rainy days. When the rainfall monitor 16 detects rainfall, the main controller 15 can automatically open the protective housing 1, so that the device starts the normal monitoring process. The rainfall monitor 16 uses a capacitive rain gauge sensor, and the capacitive rain gauge sensor belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0057] The imaging component 5 can capture the images of the monitored area in real time and transmit the image data to the remote control center through the satellite communication module. The researchers can further analyze the local water conservation status based on the actual on-site images. During specific operations, rotating the micro-motor 511 can drive the rotating arm 52 to rotate back and forth, moving the monitoring camera 54 from the front side of the device to the rear side. At the same time, the roll micro-motor 521 can drive the monitoring camera 54 to roll and rotate, facilitating the monitoring camera 54 to obtain the images of the front and rear sides of the device. The horizontal micro-motor 531 can drive the monitoring camera 54 to rotate horizontally, enabling the monitoring camera 54 to obtain the images of the left and right sides of the device, increasing the shooting range of the monitoring camera 54, and ensuring that the researchers can comprehensively understand the actual environment around the device during the monitoring process.

[0058] The above is the overall working process of the present invention. Just repeat these steps the next time it is used.

[0059] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0060] The above describes the present invention and its implementation manners. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural manners and embodiments without creative efforts without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands, characterized in that: It includes a balance component (2), on the left and right sides of which protective shells (1) are symmetrically and movably arranged. Above the balance component (2), a rain detection component (3) is provided. Below the balance component (2), a soil humidity detection device (4) is movably arranged. When the protective shells (1) are merged with each other, the balance component (2), the rain detection component (3) and the soil humidity detection device (4) are respectively located inside the protective shells (1). On the opposite side edges of the protective shells (1), moving wheels (11) are respectively rotatably arranged. On the inner side wall of the inner ring of the moving wheels (11), control teeth (111) are fixedly arranged in an annular array. On the inner wall of the protective shells (1), gear motors (13) are fixedly arranged. At the output end of the gear motors (13), control gears (131) are provided. The control gears (131) are meshed with the control teeth (111). The balance component (2) includes a support disk (21), a first balance ring (22), a second balance ring (23) and a balance disk (24). The support disk (21) is arranged between the protective shells (1). On the upper wall of the support disk (21), a rotation opening (213) is formed. The first balance ring (22) is rotatably arranged inside the rotation opening (213). The second balance ring (23) is rotatably arranged inside the first balance ring (22). The rotation axes of the first balance ring (22) and the second balance ring (23) are perpendicular to each other. The balance disk (24) is fixedly arranged at the inner center of the second balance ring (23). The rain detection component (3) is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the balance disk (24). The soil humidity detection device (4) is movably arranged on the lower wall of the balance disk (24). An inclination sensor is arranged inside the balance disk (24). At the front end of the support disk (21), an adjusting double threaded rod (211) is rotatably arranged. At the rear end of the support disk (21), an adjusting slide rod (212) is fixedly arranged. On the adjusting double threaded rod (211) and the adjusting slide rod (212), moving sleeves (121) are respectively sleeved from left to right. The two moving sleeves (121) sleeved on the adjusting double threaded rod (211) are respectively threadedly connected to the side walls at the two ends with opposite thread rotation directions of the adjusting double threaded rod (211). On the moving sleeves (121), connecting rods (12) are fixedly arranged. The connecting rods (12) are respectively fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective shells (1).

2. The monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 1, wherein: On the left and right ends of the inner wall of the rotating port (213), first shaft sleeves (2131) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. On the left and right ends of the outer side wall of the first balance ring (22), first rotating shafts (221) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. The first rotating shafts (221) are respectively rotatably arranged in the first shaft sleeves (2131). On the front and rear ends of the inner side wall of the first balance ring (22), second shaft sleeves (222) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. On the front and rear ends of the outer side wall of the second balance ring (23), second rotating shafts (233) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. The second rotating shafts (233) are respectively rotatably arranged in the second shaft sleeves (222). On the side walls of the first shaft sleeves (2131) and the first balance ring (22) that are close to each other and on the side walls of the second shaft sleeves (222) and the second balance ring (23) that are close to each other, friction damping gaskets (25) are coaxially and fixedly arranged respectively, and the friction damping gaskets (25) are in contact with each other.

3. The monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the lower end face of the second balance ring (23), connecting pieces (231) are fixedly arranged in an annular array, and weights (232) are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the connecting pieces (231).

4. A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 3, characterized in that: At the end of the adjusting double threaded rod (211), a threaded rod motor (2111) is provided. The threaded rod motor (2111) is fixedly arranged on the support disk (21), and the output end of the threaded rod motor (2111) is connected to the end of the adjusting double threaded rod (211).

5. A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rainfall detection component (3) includes a tipping bucket rainfall sensor (31) and an outer protection cylinder (32). The tipping bucket rainfall sensor (31) is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the balance disk (24). The outer protection cylinder (32) is fixedly arranged on the upper wall edge of the balance disk (24). The tipping bucket rainfall sensor (31) is arranged in the outer protection cylinder (32), and a protective net (321) is arranged on the upper part of the outer protection cylinder (32).

6. The monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil humidity detection device (4) includes a lower telescopic rod (41) and a soil humidity detection insert (42). The lower telescopic rod (41) is fixedly arranged at the center of the lower wall of the balance disk (24). The lower telescopic rod (41) penetrates through the center of the upper wall of the weight (232). The soil humidity detection insert (42) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the lower telescopic rod (41). When the output end of the lower telescopic rod (41) drives the soil humidity detection insert (42) to descend to the lowest point, the soil humidity detection insert (42) is located below the protective housing (1).

7. A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the protective housing (1) is fixedly provided with a camera assembly (5) respectively. The camera assembly (5) includes a fixed disk (51), a rotating arm (52), a rotating frame (53) and a monitoring camera (54). The fixed disk (51) is fixedly arranged at the center of the outer wall of the protective housing (1). One end of the rotating arm (52) is rotatably arranged at the center of the end face of the fixed disk (51). A rotating micro-motor (511) is arranged inside the fixed disk (51). The output end of the rotating micro-motor (511) is connected to the end of the rotating arm (52). A rolling micro-motor (521) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating arm (52). The output end of the rolling micro-motor (521) is provided with a rotating frame (53). The monitoring camera (54) is horizontally rotatably arranged inside the rotating frame (53). A horizontal micro-motor (531) is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating frame (53). The output end of the horizontal micro-motor (531) is connected to the end of the monitoring camera (54).

8. A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 7, characterized in that: A main controller (15) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the protective housing (1). A rainfall monitor (16) and a solar panel (17) are fixedly arranged on the upper end of the outer wall of the protective housing (1) respectively.

9. A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 8, characterized in that: A support rod (14) is fixedly arranged on the lower outer wall of the protective housing (1). A universal ball (141) is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the support rod (14). The lower end of the universal ball (141) is at the same horizontal plane as the lower end of the moving wheel (11).

10. A monitoring device for the water conservation function of degraded alpine grasslands according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gear motor (13), the rainfall monitor (16), the solar panel (17), the threaded rod motor (2111), the tipping bucket rain gauge sensor (31), the lower telescopic rod (41), the soil humidity detection insert (42), the rotating micro-motor (511), the rolling micro-motor (521), the horizontal micro-motor (531), the monitoring camera (54) and the inclination sensor are electrically connected to the main controller (15) respectively.

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