Analysis method for opening and closing rate of water delivery valve

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ship locks, in particular to a method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve, which comprises the following steps of: observing the elevation change of a typical measuring point at the initial opening stage of the valve, selecting the typical opening degree of the valve, monitoring the time-average pressure at the top and the bottom of a gallery after selection, and observing the distribution rule and amplitude difference of the time-average pressure and pulsating pressure; the water pressure is analyzed in combination with the working water head, then the change rule of the flowing water acting force and the opening degree is obtained by analyzing the door opening speed, the change rule is compared with the flowing water acting force, the influence of the door closing speed on the flowing water effect during door closing is analyzed, and therefore the good opening and closing time is obtained. According to the embodiment of the invention, the valve opening time of tv = 60s and the valve closing time of tu = 30s are recommended through comparison and analysis of a plurality of groups of tests and are both 2-3min lower than the current standard, so that the operation efficiency of the ship lock can be improved on the premise of meeting safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ship locks, and in particular to an analysis method for the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve. Background Art

[0002] A lock is a device used to allow ships to pass between rivers or canals with different water levels. It works like a gate filled with water, raising or lowering the position of ships by controlling the flow of water, allowing them to move safely from one water level to another. When the water level in the lock is adjusted, water is pumped into the lock (raising the water level) or released (lowering the water level).

[0003] The water transfer valve is one of the key components used to control water flow in the ship lock. During the operation of the ship lock, the function of the water transfer valve is to allow water to flow into or out of the lock chamber when the water level in the lock chamber needs to be adjusted.

[0004] The opening and closing of the water transfer valve of the ship lock is related to the time taken to fill and discharge water in the ship lock chamber, which in turn affects the operational efficiency of the ship lock; at the same time, the rapid opening and closing of the water transfer valve may cause unstable water flow, turbulence or vortex, which will not only increase the head loss, but also damage the corridor, and cause unnecessary impact force on the hull, and even affect the safety of the ship; the valve is quickly closed under the action of dynamic water, which has a large impact force on the valve and may cause damage to the valve. Under the current specifications, the opening and closing time of the water transfer valve is generally 2 to 3 minutes to ensure appropriate head loss and reduce damage to the corridor and valve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an analysis method for the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve in view of the problem that the rapid opening and closing of a water delivery valve in the prior art may cause unstable water flow, generate turbulence or vortex, increase head loss, and damage the corridor and valve. Therefore, under the current specifications, the opening and closing time of the water delivery valve is generally 2 to 3 minutes.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve comprises the following steps:

[0008] Construct a physical model of the water delivery valve. The model includes a water-saving tank, an upstream connecting corridor, a connecting valve test section, a downstream connecting corridor, and a gate chamber connected in sequence. The connecting valve test section includes a gooseneck pipe turning section, a corridor before the valve, a valve, and a corridor after the valve. The model adopts similar geometric boundaries of the valve working section, similar valve movements, similar inertia conversion lengths of the corridors before and after the valve, similar water flow resistance before and after the valve, and an adjustable system resistance coefficient; determine the scale of the valve hydraulics non-steady flow constant pressure model. The valve adopts a flat valve with double-sided water stop and can withstand bidirectional water head; a number of pressure sensors are set in the connecting valve test section;

[0009] For the influence of valve opening rate on the pressure characteristics of the corridor behind the valve, different opening rates of tv=60s, 90s, 120s and 150s were set to obtain the distribution law of the time-averaged pressure and pulsating pressure in the corridor behind the valve under typical valve opening, and the recommended valve opening time tv=60s was determined; for the influence of valve working head on the pressure of the valve section corridor, tests were carried out under the maximum design head condition and the minimum navigation water level condition. The valve was opened with tv=60s, and the change and distribution law of the time-averaged pressure and pulsating pressure in the valve section corridor during operation were obtained under typical opening, and the value size was verified to be tv=60s; for the influence of valve opening and closing rate on dynamic water force, different opening rates of tv=60s, 90s and 150s were set to obtain the change law of dynamic water force with opening and the peak value of dynamic water force, and it was verified that tv=60s was feasible;

[0010] Open at the same speed tv=60s, set different closing rates tu=30s and 60s, obtain the changes in the vertical water dynamic force and the total water dynamic force obtained by taking into account the friction resistance, and determine the recommended valve closing time tu=30s.

[0011] By adopting the method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve described in the present invention, the elevation change of a typical measuring point at the initial stage of valve opening is observed, a typical valve opening is selected, and the time-averaged pressure at the top and bottom of the gallery is monitored after the selection, and the distribution law and amplitude difference of the time-averaged pressure and the pulsating pressure are observed; the water pressure is analyzed in combination with the working water head, and then the variation law of the dynamic water force and the opening is obtained by analyzing the door opening speed, which is compared with the dynamic water force, and then the influence of the door closing speed on the dynamic water action when the door is closed is analyzed, so as to obtain a better opening and closing time. This embodiment recommends the use of a valve opening time of tv=60s and a valve closing time of tu=30s through comparative analysis of multiple groups of experiments, both of which are lower than the 2-3min of the current specification, and can improve the operating efficiency of the ship lock under the premise of meeting safety.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, when constructing the physical model of the water delivery valve, the connecting valve of the water-saving tank under the most unfavorable working condition is taken as the research object, and the scope of the model test is determined.

[0013] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ship lock adopts a three-level water-saving tank arrangement, and the water-saving tanks are all arranged on one side of the lock chamber, wherein the first-level and third-level water-saving tanks are arranged overlappingly, and the second-level water-saving tank is arranged separately. The connecting valve of the third-level water-saving tank has the smallest initial submergence depth when filled with water and the worst working conditions. The connecting valve of the third-level water-saving tank is taken as the research object.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a first guide wheel is installed in the gate groove of the flat valve in a direction perpendicular to the water flow, and a second guide wheel is installed in a direction along the water flow.

[0015] In this way, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel provide support for the flat-plate valve, so that the flat-plate valve can bear pressure in both directions.

[0016] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the connecting valve test working section is provided with a main valve, and first guide wheels are respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of both sides of the main valve, and a plurality of second guide wheels are provided between the first guide wheels at the top and bottom ends.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water-saving pool and the gate chamber are simulated by steel plate reservoirs, the upstream connecting corridor is simulated by steel boxes, and the connecting valve test working section is simulated by plexiglass.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, determine the valve hydraulics non-steady flow constant pressure model scale λ L After that, the scales of various physical quantities are calculated, among which the time scale λ t =λ L 1 / 2 , velocity scale λ v =λ L 1 / 2 , flow rate scale λ Q =λ L 5 / 2 , pressure scale λ P =λ L , force scale λ F =λ L 3 .

[0019] As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, pressure sensors and tension and compression sensors are used in the model test to measure the non-constant flow pressure of the corridor and the opening and closing force characteristics of the valve respectively, and a dynamic signal test and analysis system is used to complete the collection and analysis of the pressure of the corridor section before and after the valve, the water level of the gate chamber and the water-saving tank, and the non-constant flow signal of the valve opening and closing force.

[0020] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, a 1# pressure sensor is arranged at the midpoint of the inner turn of the top surface centerline of the gooseneck turning section, 15#, 16#, 17#, and 18# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence at the outer turn of the bottom surface centerline of the gooseneck turning section, 2#, 3#, 4#, and 5# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the top surface centerline of the corridor section in front of the valve, 19#, 20#, 21#, and 22# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the bottom surface centerline of the corridor section in front of the valve, 40#, 41#, and 42# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the vertical centerline of the main valve, and are close to the side of the water-saving tank, 43#, 44#, and 45# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the vertical centerline of the spare valve, and are close to the side of the water-saving tank, 6# and 23# pressure sensors are arranged on the top and bottom centerlines of the corridor between the main valve and the spare valve, respectively, 7# and 24# pressure sensors are arranged on the top and bottom centerlines of the corridor behind the spare valve, and the Y-type divider after the valve is installed. In the branch corridor section, the inner wall is short and the outer wall is long. Pressure sensors 8#, 9#, 10#, 11#, 12#, 13#, and 14# are arranged in sequence on the center line of the top surface. Pressure sensors 25#, 26#, 27#, 28#, 29#, 30#, and 31# are arranged in sequence on the center line of the bottom surface. Pressure sensors 32#, 33#, 34#, 35#, and 36# are arranged in sequence on the outer wall. Pressure sensors 37#, 38#, and 39# are arranged in sequence on the inner wall. The positions of 8#, 25#, 32#, and 37# pressure sensors correspond, the positions of 10#, 27#, 33#, and 38# pressure sensors correspond, the positions of 12#, 29#, 34#, and 39# pressure sensors correspond, the positions of 13#, 30#, and 35# pressure sensors correspond, the positions of 14#, 31#, and 36# pressure sensors correspond, a 46# tension and compression sensor is set on the hanger of the main valve, and a 47# tension and compression sensor is set on the hanger of the standby valve.

[0021] In this way, by setting pressure sensors on the top and bottom surfaces of each segment in the test working section of the connected valve, as well as on the side walls of the complex morphology segments, the water pressure of each segment and each time node can be accurately measured, and then the pressure change process line is calculated and drawn for the analysis of the corridor water pressure characteristics.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a water delivery valve model, which is optimized and constructed using the analysis method of the opening and closing rate of the water delivery valve as described in any of the above items.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve described in the present invention observes the elevation change of a typical measuring point at the initial stage of valve opening, selects a typical valve opening, monitors the time-averaged pressure at the top and bottom of the corridor after the selection, and observes the distribution law and amplitude difference of the time-averaged pressure and the pulsating pressure; then analyzes the water pressure in combination with the working water head, and then obtains the variation law of the dynamic water force and the opening by analyzing the door opening speed, compares it with the dynamic water force, and then analyzes the influence of the door closing speed on the dynamic water force when closing the door, so as to obtain a better opening and closing time. This embodiment recommends a valve opening time of tv=60s and a valve closing time of tu=30s through comparative analysis of multiple groups of experiments, both of which are lower than the 2-3min of the current specification, and can improve the operating efficiency of the ship lock under the premise of meeting safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the test range of the water transfer valve model in the ship lock system;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the water delivery valve model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a two-dimensional elevation diagram of the water delivery valve model;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a two-dimensional plane schematic diagram of the water delivery valve model;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the actual test of the water delivery valve model. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the actual test of the water delivery valve model. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main valve;

[0033] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Middle AA section view;

[0034] Fig.10 This is a physical test diagram of the main valve;

[0035] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement point arrangement for the water delivery valve model;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure elevation change process line of a typical measuring point under different opening rates;

[0037] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the time-averaged pressure distribution at the top of the gallery at different opening speeds under typical openings;

[0038] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the time-averaged pressure distribution at the bottom of the gallery with different opening speeds under typical openings;

[0039] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure pulsation intensity distribution at the top of the gallery at different opening speeds under typical openings;

[0040] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of pressure pulsation intensity distribution at the bottom of the gallery at different opening speeds under typical openings;

[0041] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the time-averaged pressure distribution at the top of the gallery with different water heads under typical openings;

[0042] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the time-averaged pressure distribution at the bottom of the gallery with different water heads under typical openings;

[0043] Fig.19 The schematic diagram of the pressure pulsation intensity distribution at the top of the gallery with different water heads under typical openings;

[0044] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure pulsation intensity distribution at the bottom of the gallery with different water heads under typical openings;

[0045] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the process line of the dynamic water force in the vertical direction under different valve opening speeds;

[0046] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the total dynamic water force process line under different valve opening speeds;

[0047] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the process line of the dynamic water force in the vertical direction under different closing speeds of the valve;

[0048] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the total dynamic water force process line under different valve closing speeds.

[0049] Markings in the figure:

[0050] 1-Three-level water saving pool;

[0051] 2-Upstream connecting corridor;

[0052] 3-three-stage interconnecting valve test working section, 31-main valve, 311-first guide wheel, 312-second guide wheel, 32-spare valve;

[0053] 4- Downstream connecting corridor;

[0054] 5- Lock chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0056] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0057] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0058] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0059] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0060] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0061] In the related art, the rapid opening and closing of the water delivery valve may cause unstable water flow, generate turbulence or vortex, increase head loss, and damage the corridor and valve. Therefore, under the current specifications, the opening and closing time of the water delivery valve is generally 2 to 3 minutes. Figures 1 to 24 To elaborate.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0064] A double-line ship lock adopts a three-level water-saving tank layout. The water-saving tanks are all arranged on one side of the lock chamber. The first and third level water-saving tanks are arranged overlappingly, and the second level water-saving tank is arranged separately. The water area of ​​each water-saving tank of the ship lock is larger than the water area of ​​the lock chamber, and the water-saving rate is high. According to the design water level data, the first level water-saving tank can adapt to water level changes of 49.15-57.76m, the second level water-saving tank can adapt to water level changes of 44.10-51.88m, and the third level water-saving tank can adapt to water level changes of 39.05-46.00m. When the ship lock is in water-saving operation, the initial water head of each water transfer valve is equal. The connecting valve of the third level water-saving tank has the smallest initial submergence depth when filled with water, and the working condition is the worst. Therefore, the connecting valve of the third level water-saving tank is taken as the research object to carry out the research on the hydrodynamic problems of the water transfer valve. In the actual project, the water-saving tank enters the lock chamber through two water inlets. The experiment simulates one of the water inlets and its downstream flow channel, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the main components of the model include the three-level water saving pool 1, the upstream connecting corridor 2, the three-level intercommunication valve test working section 3, the downstream connecting corridor 4, and the lock chamber 5. The model meets the requirements of similar geometric boundaries of the valve working section, similar valve movement, similar inertia conversion length of the corridor before and after the valve, similar water flow resistance before and after the valve, and adjustable system resistance coefficient.

[0066] According to the basic design parameters of the ship lock and the field conditions of the test hall, the scale of the hydraulic non-steady flow constant pressure model of the water delivery valve is determined. In this embodiment, the scale is 1:13.35. The overall layout of the model is as follows: Figures 3 to 5 As shown in the figure, the design of the water delivery valve model meets the gravity similarity criterion, and the relationship between the scale of each physical quantity and the geometric scale is as follows:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] The three-level water-saving tank 1 and the lock chamber 5 are simulated by steel plate reservoirs. The model area is half of the prototype area and is converted according to the scale. The area ratio of the three-level water-saving tank 1 and the lock chamber 5 is 1.4:1.0. In order to accurately reflect the inflow conditions and the water flow characteristics of the valve area, the area from the water inlet to the first-level diversion port of the model is geometrically similar to the prototype. The upstream connecting corridor 2 is simulated by a steel box; the three-level connecting valve test working section 3 includes the gooseneck pipe turning section, the corridor section before the valve, the valve well, the maintenance valve well, and the corridor section after the valve, which are all made of plexiglass materials to observe the flow state of water, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a main valve 31 is provided in the valve well, and a spare valve 32 is provided in the maintenance valve well. Figure 5 As shown; the downstream connecting gallery 4 includes a four-way section and a steel pipe section, the four-way section is used to connect the steel pipe section and the valve sections of the first-level water-saving tank, the second-level water-saving tank, and the third-level water-saving tank 1, wherein the openings of the valve sections connecting the first-level water-saving tank and the second-level water-saving tank are blocked; the top of the gooseneck pipe turning section is connected to the bottom of the upstream connecting gallery 2, the corridor section after the valve is connected to the four-way section of the downstream connecting gallery 4, and the steel pipe section of the downstream connecting gallery 4 is connected to the gate chamber 5.

[0070] The main valve 31 and the backup valve 32 are both made of red organic glass. The valve is a flat valve. The valve is geometrically similar to the prototype. A first guide wheel 311 is installed in the gate groove in the direction perpendicular to the water flow, and a second guide wheel 312 is installed in the direction along the water flow. Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the valve weighs 38.5kg, which is converted to the prototype gravity of 897.7kN. The opening and closing rods of the valve model are made of stainless steel pipes.

[0071] Both the main valve 31 and the backup valve 32 are double-sided water-stops and can withstand bidirectional water heads. Under normal circumstances, the backup valve 32 is fully open and used as an inspection door, and the main valve 31 is responsible for filling and draining water. If the main valve 31 fails, the backup valve 32 is responsible for filling and draining water. The main valve 31 is located on the water-saving tank side, and the backup valve 32 is located on the gate chamber 5 side.

[0072] In order to ensure that the valve opening and closing characteristics are similar to those of the prototype, a stepper motor is used in the model to control the opening and closing of the valve, and a special valve opening and closing automatic control system is developed, which can adjust the valve stroke, opening and closing speed and acceleration.

[0073] In the normal pressure model test, high-precision pulsating pressure sensors and tension and compression sensors are used to measure the non-constant flow pressure of the corridor and the characteristics of the valve opening and closing force. A dynamic signal test and analysis system is used to complete the acquisition and analysis of the pressure of the corridor section before and after the valve, the water level of the gate chamber and the water-saving pool, and the non-constant flow signal of the valve opening and closing force.

[0074] In order to obtain the pressure distribution characteristics of the valve section corridor, a total of 47 pulsating pressure sensors were arranged at the top and bottom of the valve section corridor, the gooseneck pipe turning section, the maintenance door slot and other locations. Measuring points were arranged along the top and bottom of the corridor upstream / downstream of the water delivery valve and the valve door slot. In addition, pressure sensors were also installed in the fork pipe section behind the valve to assist in judging the uniformity of the flow in the fork pipe section, such as Fig.11 shown.

[0075] Among them, a 1# pressure sensor is set at the midpoint of the inner turn of the top centerline of the gooseneck turning section, 15#, 16#, 17#, and 18# pressure sensors are set in sequence at the outer turn of the bottom centerline of the gooseneck turning section, 2#, 3#, 4#, and 5# pressure sensors are set in sequence on the top centerline of the corridor section in front of the valve, and 19#, 20#, 21#, and 22# pressure sensors are set in sequence on the bottom centerline of the corridor section in front of the valve. 40#, 41#, and 42# pressure sensors are set in sequence from bottom to top on the vertical centerline of the main valve 31, and they are close to the side of the water-saving tank. 43#, 44#, and 45# pressure sensors are set in sequence from bottom to top on the vertical centerline of the spare valve 32, and they are close to the side of the water-saving tank. The top centerline and bottom centerline of the corridor between the main valve 31 and the spare valve 32 are respectively provided with 6# and 23# pressure sensors, and the top centerline and bottom centerline of the corridor behind the spare valve 32 are respectively provided with There are 7# and 24# pressure sensors, a Y-shaped branch gallery section behind the valve, a short inner wall and a long outer wall, 8#, 9#, 10#, 11#, 12#, 13#, and 14# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the center line of the top surface, 25#, 26#, 27#, 28#, 29#, 30#, and 31# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the center line of the bottom surface, 32#, 33#, 34#, 35#, and 36# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the outer wall, and 37#, 38#, and 39# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the inner wall, among which, the positions of 8#, 25#, 32#, and 37# pressure sensors correspond, the positions of 10#, 27#, 33#, and 38# pressure sensors correspond, the positions of 12#, 29#, 34#, and 39# pressure sensors correspond, the positions of 13#, 30#, and 35# pressure sensors correspond, and the positions of 14#, 31#, and 36# pressure sensors correspond. In this way, by setting pressure sensors on the top and bottom surfaces of each segment in the test working section of the connected valve, as well as on the side walls of the complex morphology segments, the water pressure of each segment and each time node can be accurately measured, and then the pressure change process line is calculated and drawn for the analysis of the corridor water pressure characteristics.

[0076] The valve opening and closing force is measured by a high-precision tension and compression sensor, which is directly connected to the suspension rod. A 46# tension and compression sensor is set on the suspension rod of the main valve 31, and a 47# tension and compression sensor is set on the suspension rod of the standby valve 32.

[0077] The hydraulic parameters of the three-dimensional digital model of the valve or the hydraulic parameters of the overall model of the lock water delivery system are used as a reference, and the opening of the valve is adjusted by the resistance of the downstream water delivery gallery to correct the resistance of the valve hydraulic normal pressure model.

[0078] This embodiment conducts research on the valve water filling condition, changes the valve working water head and opening speed (opening time), and examines the valve opening rate and its impact on the working water head gallery pressure characteristics.

[0079] As for the influence of valve opening rate on the pressure characteristics of the corridor behind the valve, this embodiment carried out tests with different opening rates of tv=60s, 90s, 120s, and 150s. The test data showed that when the valve is opened, the water delivery process in the corridor is a non-constant flow process. Under the action of inertial head, the pressure behind the valve rises rapidly at the initial stage of opening the valve, and the faster the valve opening rate, the greater the inertial effect. The elevation change process line of the typical measuring point (10#) behind the valve under different opening rate conditions is as follows: Fig.12 shown.

[0080] Taking n = 0.5 as a typical valve opening, the influence of valve opening rate on the time-averaged pressure and pulsating pressure of the corridor behind the valve is analyzed. Under different opening speed conditions, when the valve is opened to n = 0.5, the time-averaged pressure distribution at the top and bottom of the corridor is as follows Fig.13 , Fig.14 As shown, the pressure pulsation distribution is Fig.15 , Fig.16 shown.

[0081] like Figures 13 to 16 As shown in the figure, the valve changes in the opening time interval of tv=60s~150smin, and the distribution law and amplitude difference of the time-averaged pressure and pulsating pressure in the corridor behind the valve are small; in addition, thanks to the effect of inertial water head, rapid opening increases the pressure at each point behind the door and reduces the pressure pulsation. When the valve is opened at a speed of tv=60s, the flow rate variability and inertial water head are greater. Compared with opening the valve at tv=150s, the time-averaged pressure increases by about 0.8m, and the pressure pulsation intensity also decreases. Therefore, through the test of this embodiment, it is recommended that the valve be opened quickly at a speed of tv=60s.

[0082] Regarding the influence of the valve working head on the pressure characteristics of the corridor behind the valve, this embodiment conducts model tests on the maximum design head condition and the minimum navigation water level condition. The downstream navigation water level of the two groups of conditions is the same, corresponding to the upstream maximum navigation water level and the upstream minimum navigation water level respectively. The initial submergence depth of the valve under the two conditions is 14.5m, and the initial working head is 10.76m and 8.65m respectively.

[0083] This example analyzes the effect of the valve working head on the pressure of the gallery in the valve section. The valve is operated in the recommended opening mode of tv=60s. Under the typical opening (n=0.5), the time-averaged pressure distribution at the top and bottom of the gallery is as follows: Fig.17 , Fig.18 As shown, the pressure pulsation intensity is Fig.19 , Fig. 20 The results show that the ship lock adopts three-level water-saving tanks for graded operation, and the working head of each level of water delivery valve changes slightly. Under the maximum design head condition and the minimum navigation water level condition, the working head of the connecting valve only differs by 2.11m. Therefore, during the operation, there is no big difference in the change and distribution law of the time-averaged pressure and pulsating pressure in the corridor of the valve section, as well as the numerical value. With the decrease of the valve working head, the corridor time average increases slightly, and the pressure pulsation intensity decreases slightly.

[0084] Regarding the effect of valve opening and closing rate on the dynamic water force, this embodiment was carried out under different valve opening speed conditions of tv=60s, 90s, and 150s. The vertical dynamic water force F y Change process line Fig.21 The total hydrodynamic force obtained by taking into account the frictional resistance is as follows: Fig. 22 shown.

[0085] like Fig.21 and Fig. 22 As shown in the figure, for several groups of door opening speed test conditions carried out in the experiment, the variation law of dynamic water force with opening degree and the peak value of dynamic water force obtained by measurement and analysis are not much different.

[0086] In this embodiment, the valve is opened at the same speed tv=60s, and the valve is opened to n=1.0 and then closed. Under different closing speed conditions of tu=30s and 60s, the vertical water dynamic force F y The change process line is as follows Fig.23 As shown in the figure, the total hydrodynamic force obtained by taking into account the friction resistance is as follows Fig.24 shown.

[0087] like Fig.23 and Fig.24As shown in the figure, during the process of valve dynamic water closing, the closing speed has a significant impact on the dynamic water effect. The faster the closing speed, the greater the inertial water head and dynamic water load. The valve is closed with dynamic water at tu=30s and 60s respectively, and the peak values ​​of the dynamic water force in the vertical direction are -100kN and 60kN respectively. After taking into account the friction resistance, the peak values ​​of the total dynamic water force are 1100kN and 750kN respectively. The peak value of the total dynamic water force at tu=30s is within the design range and meets the safety requirements. Therefore, it is recommended that the valve be closed quickly at a speed of tu=30s.

[0088] The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve described in this embodiment observes the elevation change of a typical measuring point (10#) at the initial stage of valve opening, selects a typical valve opening, monitors the time-averaged pressure at the top and bottom of the corridor after the selection, and observes the distribution law and amplitude difference of the time-averaged pressure and pulsating pressure; then analyzes the water pressure in combination with the working water head, and then obtains the variation law of the dynamic water force and the opening by analyzing the door opening speed, compares it with the dynamic water force, and then analyzes the influence of the door closing speed on the dynamic water force when closing the door, so as to obtain a better opening and closing time. This embodiment recommends a valve opening time of tv=60s and a valve closing time of tu=30s through comparative analysis of multiple groups of experiments, both of which are lower than the 2-3min of the current specification, and can improve the operating efficiency of the ship lock while meeting the safety requirements.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] like Figures 1 to 24 As shown, a water delivery valve model described in the present invention is optimized and constructed using the analysis method of the opening and closing rate of the water delivery valve described in Example 1.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A physical model of a water delivery valve is constructed, wherein the model includes a water saving tank, an upstream connecting corridor (2), a connecting valve test working section, a downstream connecting corridor (4), and a gate chamber (5) connected in sequence. The connecting valve test working section includes a gooseneck pipe turning section, a corridor in front of the valve, a valve, and a corridor behind the valve. The model adopts similar geometric boundaries of the valve working section, similar valve movements, similar inertia conversion lengths of the corridors before and after the valve, similar water flow resistance before and after the valve, and an adjustable system resistance coefficient; the scale of the valve hydraulic non-constant flow constant pressure model is determined. The valve adopts a flat valve with double-sided water stop and can withstand bidirectional water head; a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in the connecting valve test working section; For the influence of valve opening rate on the pressure characteristics of the corridor behind the valve, different opening rates of tv=60s, 90s, 120s and 150s were set to obtain the distribution law of the time-averaged pressure and pulsating pressure in the corridor behind the valve under typical valve opening, and the recommended valve opening time tv=60s was determined; for the influence of valve working head on the pressure of the valve section corridor, tests were carried out under the maximum design head condition and the minimum navigation water level condition. The valve was opened with tv=60s, and the change and distribution law of the time-averaged pressure and pulsating pressure in the valve section corridor during operation were obtained under typical opening, and the value size was verified to be tv=60s; for the influence of valve opening and closing rate on dynamic water force, different opening rates of tv=60s, 90s and 150s were set to obtain the change law of dynamic water force with opening and the peak value of dynamic water force, and it was verified that tv=60s was feasible; Open at the same speed tv=60s, set different closing rates tu=30s and 60s, obtain the changes in the vertical water dynamic force and the total water dynamic force obtained by taking into account the friction resistance, and determine the recommended valve closing time tu=30s.

2. The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: When constructing the physical model of the water delivery valve, the connecting valve of the water-saving tank under the most unfavorable working condition is taken as the research object, and the scope of the model test is determined.

3. The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ship lock adopts a three-level water-saving tank arrangement, and the water-saving tanks are all arranged on one side of the lock chamber. The first and third level water-saving tanks are arranged overlappingly, and the second level water-saving tank is arranged separately. The connecting valve of the third level water-saving tank has the smallest initial submergence depth when filled with water and the worst working conditions. The connecting valve of the third level water-saving tank is taken as the research object.

4. The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first guide wheel (311) is installed in the gate groove of the flat valve in a direction perpendicular to the water flow, and a second guide wheel (312) is installed in the direction along the water flow.

5. The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting valve test working section is provided with a main valve (31), the top and bottom ends of both sides of the main valve (31) are respectively provided with first guide wheels (311), and a plurality of second guide wheels (312) are provided between the first guide wheels (311) at the top and bottom ends.

6. The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-saving pool and the lock chamber (5) are simulated by steel plate reservoirs, the upstream connecting corridor (2) is simulated by a steel box, and the connecting valve test working section is simulated by organic glass.

7. The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determine the scale λ of the valve hydraulics non-steady flow constant pressure model L After that, the scales of various physical quantities are calculated, among which the time scale λ t =λ L 1 / 2 , velocity scale λ v =λ L 1 / 2 , flow rate scale λ Q =λ L 5 / 2 , pressure scale λ P =λ L , force scale λ F =λ L 3 .

8. The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In the model test, pressure sensors and tension and compression sensors are used to measure the non-constant flow pressure of the corridor and the valve opening and closing force characteristics respectively, and a dynamic signal test and analysis system is used to complete the collection and analysis of the pressure of the corridor section before and after the valve, the water level of the gate chamber (5) and the water-saving pool, and the non-constant flow signal of the valve opening and closing force.

9. The method for analyzing the opening and closing rate of a water delivery valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: A 1# pressure sensor is arranged at the inner turning midpoint of the top centerline of the gooseneck turning section, 15#, 16#, 17#, 18# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence at the outer turning of the bottom centerline of the gooseneck turning section, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the top centerline of the corridor section in front of the valve, 19#, 20#, 21#, 22# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the bottom centerline of the corridor section in front of the valve, and 40#, 41#, 42# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the vertical centerline of the main valve (31). #, 42# pressure sensors are arranged on the middle line of the spare valve (32) from bottom to top, and near the side of the water-saving tank, 43#, 44#, 45# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence, and near the side of the water-saving tank, 6# and 23# pressure sensors are arranged on the middle line of the top and bottom of the corridor between the main valve (31) and the spare valve (32), 7# and 24# pressure sensors are arranged on the middle line of the top and bottom of the corridor behind the spare valve (32), and a Y-shaped branch corridor behind the valve is arranged. The track section has a short inner wall and a long outer wall. Pressure sensors 8#, 9#, 10#, 11#, 12#, 13#, and 14# are arranged in sequence on the center line of the top surface. Pressure sensors 25#, 26#, 27#, 28#, 29#, 30#, and 31# are arranged in sequence on the center line of the bottom surface. Pressure sensors 32#, 33#, 34#, 35#, and 36# are arranged in sequence on the outer wall. Pressure sensors 37#, 38#, and 39# are arranged in sequence on the inner wall. The positions of the #, 32#, and 37# pressure sensors correspond to each other; the positions of the 10#, 27#, 33#, and 38# pressure sensors correspond to each other; the positions of the 12#, 29#, 34#, and 39# pressure sensors correspond to each other; the positions of the 13#, 30#, and 35# pressure sensors correspond to each other; the positions of the 14#, 31#, and 36# pressure sensors correspond to each other; a 46# tension and compression sensor is arranged on the suspension rod of the main valve (31); a 47# tension and compression sensor is arranged on the suspension rod of the standby valve (32).

10. A water delivery valve model, characterized in that: The optimization construction is performed using the analysis method of the opening and closing rate of the water delivery valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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