Automatic surface water suction and sampling device for environment detection

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surface water sampling, in particular to an automatic surface water suction and sampling device for environment detection, which comprises a collection box, and a negative pressure pump and a sampling pipe which are respectively communicated with two ends of the collection box, the lower end of the sampling pipe is connected with a horn pipe, and the lower end of the horn pipe is provided with a filter plate; a separation plate for separating impurities is arranged on the lower side of the filter plate, a cylinder is fixed to the upper side of the filter plate, and a moving and rotating mechanism for driving the separation plate to move and rotate is arranged on the inner side of the cylinder. Under the action of the moving and rotating mechanism, the separating plate is driven to move downwards and rotate, the separating plate is separated from the filtering plate when moving downwards, impurities can be separated from the filtering plate, the separating plate drives the impurities attached to the lower surface of the separating plate to rotate when rotating, and therefore the impurities on the lower surface of the separating plate can be thrown out under the action of centrifugal force; impurities are separated, and filter holes of the filter plate are prevented from being blocked by the impurities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surface water sampling, and in particular to an automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection. Background Art

[0002] Surface water environmental monitoring is a core means of evaluating ecological health and pollution control effectiveness. The accuracy of its sampling data is directly related to the reliability of subsequent analysis. Currently, surface water sampling technologies are mainly divided into three categories: manual sampling, semi-automatic auxiliary equipment and fully automatic integrated systems.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent with publication number: CN216847042U discloses a long-distance surface water sampling device, including a water pipeline and a water tank. The front end of the water pipeline is set at the surface water sampling point, and the rear end of the water pipeline is connected to the upper part of the water tank. The upper end of the water tank is connected to the negative pressure device through an air flow pipeline. The negative pressure device is used to pump the water tank into a negative pressure space. The middle part of the water tank is connected with a sampling tube. A drain pipe is set at the bottom of the water tank, a drain pipe valve is installed on the drain pipe, and a sampling tube valve is installed on the sampling tube. A filter cover is set at the front end of the water pipeline. The water pipeline is a glass pipe or a high-density polyethylene pipe, and the water tank is a glass or high-density polyethylene water tank. The outside of the water pipeline is wrapped with a pipe protective cover.

[0004] Based on the above search and combined with actual problems, it was found that: due to the complex situation of surface water sampling sources, a large number of aquatic plants will grow in some surface water sources, and surface water sampling devices usually need to collect water samples at different times at the same location. When the suction pipe of the sampling device is in a fixed position in the water source for a long time and does not move, aquatic plants are easy to attach to the mouth of the suction pipe, causing blockage of the suction pipe and affecting normal sampling work. Even if a filter is set at the mouth of the suction pipe, seaweed or mud is still easy to block the filter holes of the filter, causing inconvenience to water sample sampling. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a surface water automatic suction sampling device for environmental detection to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic suction sampling device for surface water for environmental detection, comprising a collection box and a negative pressure pump and a sampling tube respectively connected to the two ends of the collection box, the lower end of the sampling tube is connected to a trumpet tube, the lower end of the trumpet tube is provided with a filter plate, the lower side of the filter plate is provided with a separation plate for separating impurities, a cylindrical barrel is fixed on the upper side of the filter plate, and a moving and rotating mechanism for driving the separation plate to move and rotate is provided on the inner side of the cylindrical barrel; the moving and rotating mechanism includes a movable plug A guide groove column is arranged at the lower end of the inner side of the cylindrical barrel and passes through the filter plate, a sliding pin is rotatably connected to the lower end of the inner side of the cylindrical barrel, and an electric cylinder drives the guide groove column to move up and down, the lower end of the guide groove column is fixed to the upper side of the separation plate, and a spiral guide groove is opened on the outer side of the guide groove column, and the sliding pin is movably adapted to the inner side of the spiral guide groove; it also includes an anti-blocking mechanism to prevent the sampling tube from being blocked; the anti-blocking mechanism includes a spiral anti-blocking tension spring that is movably arranged on the inner side of the sampling tube and a driving mechanism that drives the anti-blocking tension spring to move axially back and forth.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of the cylindrical tube is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves arranged in a circle, the upper end of the guide groove column is rotatably connected to a pressure plate, the telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper side of the pressure plate, and the outer side of the pressure plate is provided with a plurality of protrusions that slide in cooperation with the vertical grooves.

[0008] Preferably, the surface of the separation plate is provided with a plurality of water-passing grooves arranged in a circle, and the interior of the separation plate is also provided with a plurality of straight slide grooves arranged in a circle, a slide rod is slidably inserted into one end of each of the straight slide grooves, a slide block slidably connected to the inner side of the straight slide groove is fixed at one end of each of the slide rods, and a push plate that fits the lower surface of the separation plate is fixed to the outer side of each of the slide blocks.

[0009] Preferably, one end of each of the sliding blocks is connected to a return spring sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod, and the other end of each of the return springs is connected to an inner end of the straight sliding groove at a corresponding position.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side of the guide groove column is rotatably connected to a bearing at the upper side of the separation plate, an outer ring is fixed to the outer side of the bearing through a plurality of cross frames, a plurality of cutting knives arranged in a circle are provided between the bearing and the outer ring, a guide rod is fixed to the upper side of each of the cross frames, and each of the guide rods is slidably inserted into the interior of the filter plate.

[0011] Preferably, each of the cutting knives is arranged at an angle, and the blades on both sides of each cutting knife are respectively in contact with the surfaces of the filter plate and the separation plate.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably connected to the upper end of the cylindrical tube and a connecting column movably arranged up and down at the center position of the upper end of the cylindrical tube, the lower end of the anti-blocking tension spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting column, and a wavy annular groove is provided on the inner side of the rotating ring, and a plurality of sliding pins 2 are rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting column, and each of the sliding pins 2 is movably adapted to the inner side of the annular groove, and a plurality of blades arranged in a circle are fixed to the outer side of the rotating ring, and the plurality of blades drive the rotating ring to rotate under the impact of water flow.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding column with a rectangular cross-section is fixed to the upper end of the cylindrical tube, and the connecting column is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding column.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of sample storage cavities are provided inside the collection box, the air inlet end of the negative pressure pump is connected with the plurality of sample storage cavities through a plurality of upper branch pipes, the upper end of the sampling tube is connected with the plurality of sample storage cavities through a plurality of lower branch pipes, an electric-controlled valve is installed on the inner side of each upper branch pipe, a one-way valve is installed on the inner side of each lower branch pipe, and the conduction direction of each one-way valve points to the inner side of the sample storage cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the filter plate is detachably mounted on the inner lower end of the bell tube via threads.

[0016] The present invention provides an automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection by improving the present invention, which has the following improvements and advantages compared with the prior art: First, the present invention drives the separation plate to move downward and rotate through the action of the moving rotating mechanism. When the separation plate moves downward, it is separated from the filter plate, so that impurities can be separated from the filter plate. When the separation plate rotates, it drives the impurities attached to its lower surface to rotate. Therefore, under the action of centrifugal force, the impurities on the lower surface of the separation plate can be thrown outward, thereby realizing the separation of impurities and avoiding the impurities from clogging the filter holes of the filter plate.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention drives multiple sliders to rotate while the separation plate rotates. The multiple sliders have a large mass. When the multiple sliders rotate, they will generate a larger centrifugal force, so that they can slide along the inner side of the straight slide groove at the corresponding position. The multiple sliders respectively drive the multiple push plates to move outward at the same time. The multiple push plates can slide along the lower surface of the separation plate from the center to the edge, thereby pushing impurities attached to the lower surface of the separation plate to the side position of the separation plate, so as to facilitate the complete separation of impurities with greater adhesion from the separation plate, further improving the separation effect of impurities.

[0018] Thirdly, the present invention uses a plurality of guide rods to enable the plurality of cutting knives to cooperate with the filter plate up and down. When the separation plate moves up and down, it will rotate, while the plurality of cutting knives will not rotate. Therefore, relative rotation will occur between the plurality of cutting knives and the separation plate. The blades of the plurality of cutting knives slide along the surface of the separation plate, thereby cutting off the water plants entangled inside the water trough and cutting the long strips of water plants into small sections, thereby facilitating the full removal of water plant impurities, further ensuring the cleanliness of the filter plate surface, and effectively avoiding the filter plate and the sampling tube from being blocked.

[0019] Fourthly, the present invention drives the anti-blocking tension spring to move up and down on the inner side of the sampling tube through the driving mechanism in the anti-blocking mechanism. When the anti-blocking tension spring moves up and down, it can slide along the surface of various positions on the inner side of the sampling tube, thereby preventing impurities from adhering to the inner surface of the sampling tube, ensuring the smooth flow of the sampling tube and further preventing the sampling tube from being blocked. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the trumpet tube and the cylindrical tube in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the driving mechanism in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower surface of the separation plate in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper surface of the separation plate in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a plurality of push plates in a separated state in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of multiple cutting knives in the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Collection box; 2. Negative pressure pump; 3. Sampling tube; 4. Trumpet tube; 5. Filter plate; 7. Separation plate; 8. Water channel; 10. Lower branch pipe; 11. Upper branch pipe; 12. Electric control valve; 13. Check valve; 14. Sample storage chamber; 101. Cylinder; 102. Electric cylinder; 103. Guide column; 104. Sliding pin 1; 105. Spiral guide groove; 106. Press plate; 107. Vertical Groove; 201, straight slide groove; 202, slide bar; 203, slider; 204, push plate; 205, return spring; 301, bearing; 302, cross frame; 303, outer ring; 304, cutting knife; 305, guide rod; 401, rotating ring; 402, connecting column; 403, anti-blocking tension spring; 404, blade; 405, sliding pin 2; 406, annular groove; 407, sliding column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is described in detail below, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides an automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection through improvement. The technical solution of the present invention is: like Figures 1 to 9As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic suction sampling device for surface water for environmental detection, including a collecting box 1 and a negative pressure pump 2 and a sampling tube 3 respectively connected to the two ends of the collecting box 1, the lower end of the sampling tube 3 is connected to a trumpet tube 4, the lower end of the trumpet tube 4 is provided with a filter plate 5, the lower side of the filter plate 5 is provided with a separation plate 7 for separating impurities, a cylindrical barrel 101 is fixed on the upper side of the filter plate 5, and the inner side of the cylindrical barrel 101 is provided with a moving and rotating mechanism for driving the separation plate 7 to move and rotate; the moving and rotating mechanism includes a guide groove column 103 movably inserted at the lower end of the inner side of the cylindrical barrel 101 and penetrating the filter plate 5, a sliding pin 104 rotatably connected to the lower end of the inner side of the cylindrical barrel 101, and a guide groove column 103 that drives the guide groove column 103 to move up and down. The movable electric cylinder 102, the lower end of the guide groove column 103 is fixed to the upper side of the separation plate 7, and a spiral guide groove 105 is provided on the outer side of the guide groove column 103, and a sliding pin 104 is movably adapted to the inner side of the spiral guide groove 105. A plurality of vertical grooves 107 arranged in a circle are provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 101, and a pressure plate 106 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the guide groove column 103. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder 102 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the pressure plate 106, and a plurality of protrusions slidably matched with the vertical grooves 107 are provided on the outer side of the pressure plate 106; it also includes an anti-blocking mechanism to prevent the sampling tube 3 from being blocked; the anti-blocking mechanism includes a spiral anti-blocking tension spring 403 movably arranged on the inner side of the sampling tube 3 and a driving mechanism that drives the anti-blocking tension spring 403 to move axially back and forth.

[0025] Furthermore, the surface of the separation plate 7 is provided with a plurality of water-passing grooves 8 arranged in a circumference (such as Figure 7 As shown), the interior of the separation plate 7 is also provided with a plurality of straight slide grooves 201 arranged in a circumference, one end of each straight slide groove 201 is slidably inserted with a slide rod 202, one end of each slide rod 202 is fixed with a slider 203 slidably connected to the inner side of the straight slide groove 201, and the outer side of each slider 203 is fixed with a push plate 204 attached to the lower surface of the separation plate 7; By rotating the separation plate 7, multiple sliders 203 are driven to rotate at the same time. Multiple sliders 203 have a large mass. When multiple sliders 203 rotate, they will generate greater centrifugal force, so that they can slide along the inner side of the straight slide groove 201 at the corresponding position. Multiple sliders 203 respectively drive multiple push plates 204 to move outward at the same time. Multiple push plates 204 can slide along the lower surface of the separation plate 7 from the center to the edge, thereby pushing impurities attached to the lower surface of the separation plate 7 to the side position of the separation plate 7, so as to facilitate the complete separation of impurities with greater adhesion from the separation plate 7, further improving the separation effect of impurities.

[0026] Furthermore, one end of each slider 203 is connected to a return spring 205 sleeved on the outside of the slide rod 202, and the other end of each return spring 205 is connected to one end of the inner side of the straight slide groove 201 at the corresponding position; When the separation plate 7 stops rotating, the centrifugal force of the plurality of sliders 203 drops to zero. At this time, under the action of the plurality of return springs 205, the plurality of sliders 203 are pushed to move in the opposite direction and reset, thereby driving the plurality of push plates 204 to close again.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer side of the guide groove column 103 is rotatably connected to a bearing 301 at the upper side of the separation plate 7, an outer ring 303 is fixed to the outer side of the bearing 301 through a plurality of cross frames 302, a plurality of cutting knives 304 arranged in a circle are arranged between the bearing 301 and the outer ring 303, a guide rod 305 is fixed to the upper side of each cross frame 302, each guide rod 305 is slidably inserted into the interior of the filter plate 5, each cutting knife 304 is tilted, and the blades on both sides of each cutting knife 304 are respectively in contact with the surface of the filter plate 5 and the separation plate 7; Through multiple guide rods 305, the multiple cutting knives 304 and the filter plate 5 can be movably coordinated up and down. When the separation plate 7 moves up and down, it will rotate, while the multiple cutting knives 304 will not rotate. Therefore, relative rotation will occur between the multiple cutting knives 304 and the separation plate 7. The blades of the multiple cutting knives 304 slide along the surface of the separation plate 7, so as to cut off the water plants entangled in the water trough 8 and cut the long water plants into small sections, so as to facilitate the full removal of water plant impurities, further ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the filter plate 5, and effectively avoid the filter plate 5 and the sampling tube 3 from being blocked.

[0028] Further, the driving mechanism includes a rotating ring 401 rotatably connected to the upper end of the cylindrical tube 101 and a connecting column 402 movably arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical tube 101 at the center position, the lower end of the anti-blocking tension spring 403 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting column 402, the inner side of the rotating ring 401 is provided with an annular groove 406 with a wave-shaped structure, the outer side of the connecting column 402 is rotatably connected with a plurality of sliding pins 405, each sliding pin 405 is movably adapted to the inner side of the annular groove 406, the outer side of the rotating ring 401 is fixed with a plurality of blades 404 arranged in a circle, the plurality of blades 404 drive the rotating ring 401 to rotate under the impact of the water flow, the upper end of the cylindrical tube 101 is fixed with a sliding column 407 with a rectangular cross section, and the connecting column 402 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding column 407; The anti-blocking tension spring 403 is driven by the driving mechanism to move up and down on the inner side of the sampling tube 3. When the anti-blocking tension spring 403 moves up and down, it can slide along the surface of each position on the inner side of the sampling tube 3, thereby preventing impurities from adhering to the inner surface of the sampling tube 3, ensuring the smooth flow of the sampling tube 3 and further preventing the sampling tube 3 from being blocked.

[0029] Furthermore, a plurality of sample storage chambers 14 are provided inside the collection box 1, the air inlet end of the negative pressure pump 2 is respectively connected to the plurality of sample storage chambers 14 through a plurality of upper branch pipes 11, the upper end of the sampling tube 3 is respectively connected to the plurality of sample storage chambers 14 through a plurality of lower branch pipes 10, an electric control valve 12 is installed on the inner side of each upper branch pipe 11, a one-way valve 13 is installed on the inner side of each lower branch pipe 10, and the conduction direction of each one-way valve 13 points to the inner side of the sample storage chamber 14; Different electrically controlled valves 12 are controlled to open, and the water is sucked into different sample storage chambers 14 through the operation of the negative pressure pump 2, so that different water samples can be collected and stored separately.

[0030] Furthermore, the filter plate 5 is detachably mounted on the inner lower end of the bell tube 4 by means of threads; The filter plate 5 can be easily disassembled, thereby facilitating the cleaning of impurities inside the bell tube 4, ensuring the cleanliness of the bell tube 4, and preventing the impurities in the bell tube 4 from entering the sampling tube 3 and causing the sampling tube 3 to be blocked.

[0031] Working principle: when in use, the collecting box 1 is fixed above the surface of the surface water, and the sampling tube 3 and the trumpet tube 4 are extended below the water surface. When it is necessary to sample the surface water at the same position at different times, different electrically controlled valves 12 are controlled to open, so that a sample storage chamber 14 connected to the electrically controlled valve 12 is connected to the air inlet end of the negative pressure pump 2. At this time, the operation of the negative pressure pump 2 can be controlled to pump the inner side of the sample storage chamber 14 into a negative pressure state. At this time, the surface water enters the inner side of the trumpet tube 4 through the water groove 8 on the surface of the separation plate 7 and the filter holes on the surface of the filter plate 5, and then enters the inner side of a lower branch pipe 10 connected to the sample storage chamber 14 through the sampling tube 3. Since the conduction direction of each one-way valve 13 points to the inner side of the sample storage chamber 14, the water sample enters the inner side of the negative pressure sample storage chamber 14 through the one-way valve 13 on the inner side of the lower branch pipe 10, so as to take and collect the water sample. Since the sampling tube 3 and the trumpet tube 4 of the sampling device need to be placed below the surface of the surface water for a long time, in order to prevent the filter holes of the sampling tube 3 and the filter plate 5 from being blocked, it is necessary to regularly control the operation of the electric cylinder 102 in the moving and rotating mechanism, so that the telescopic end of the electric cylinder 102 is extended and then retracted. When the telescopic end of the electric cylinder 102 is extended, the guide groove column 103 is pushed downward by the pressure plate 106, so that the guide groove column 103 is extended to the outside of the trumpet tube 4. The guide groove column 103 drives the separation plate 7 to move downward at the same time. Under the sliding connection between the multiple protrusions on the outside of the pressure plate 106 and the multiple vertical grooves 107, the pressure plate 106 can move downward in a straight line without rotating. The pressure plate 106 pushes the guide groove column 103 to move downward. Through the active adaptation between the spiral guide groove 105 and the sliding pin 104, when the guide groove column 103 The filter 5 is then separated from the filter 5 by the guide slot 103. The filter 5 is then separated from the filter 5 by the guide slot 103. The filter 5 is then separated from the filter 5 by the guide slot 103. The filter 5 is then separated from the filter 5 by the guide slot 103. When the separation plate 7 rotates, it will drive the multiple sliders 203 to rotate. The multiple sliders 203 have a large mass. When the multiple sliders 203 rotate, they will generate a larger centrifugal force, so that they can slide along the inner side of the straight slide groove 201 at the corresponding position, and compress the corresponding return spring 205 at the same time. The multiple sliders 203 respectively drive the multiple push plates 204 to move outward at the same time. The multiple push plates 204 can slide along the lower surface of the separation plate 7 from the center to the edge, so as to push the impurities attached to the lower surface of the separation plate 7 to the side position of the separation plate 7, so as to facilitate the complete separation of impurities with large adhesion from the separation plate 7, and further improve the separation effect of impurities; When the guide groove column 103 drives the separation plate 7 to move downward, it also drives the bearing 301 to move downward. The bearing 301 drives the outer ring 303 to move downward through the multiple cross frames 302. The outer ring 303 and the bearing 301 simultaneously drive the multiple cutting knives 304 to move downward. Under the sliding adaptation between the multiple guide rods 305 and the filter plate 5, the bearing 301, the cross frame 302, the outer ring 303, and the cutting knife 304 only move up and down without rotating. While the separation plate 7 moves up and down, it also rotates. Therefore, relative rotation occurs between the multiple cutting knives 304 and the separation plate 7. The blades of the multiple cutting knives 304 slide along the surface of the separation plate 7, so that the waterweeds wound around the water trough 8 can be cut off and the long strips of waterweeds can be cut into small sections, so as to facilitate the full removal of waterweed impurities, further ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the filter plate 5, and effectively avoid the filter plate 5 and the sampling tube 3 from being blocked. When surface water flows into the inner side of the bell tube 4 at a faster flow rate under the action of pressure, the surface water will impact the multiple blades 404. When the multiple blades 404 are impacted by the water flow, they will drive the rotating ring 401 to rotate. The rotating ring 401 drives the multiple sliding pins 405 on the inside to slide along the inner side of the annular groove 406. Since the annular groove 406 is a wave-shaped structure, when the multiple sliding pins 405 slide on the inner side of the annular groove 406, the connecting column 402 can be driven to move up and down axially. The connecting column 402 drives the anti-blocking tension spring 403 to move up and down axially along the rotating ring 401. Since the rotating ring 401 is coaxial with the sampling tube 3, the anti-blocking tension spring 403 can move up and down along the inner side of the sampling tube 3. When the anti-blocking tension spring 403 moves up and down, it can slide along the inner surface of each position of the sampling tube 3, thereby preventing impurities from adhering to the inner surface of the sampling tube 3, ensuring the smooth flow of the sampling tube 3, and further avoiding the blockage of the sampling tube 3.

[0032] The above description enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic suction sampling device for surface water for environmental detection, comprising a collection box and a negative pressure pump and a sampling tube respectively connected to both ends of the collection box, characterized in that: The lower end of the sampling tube is connected to a trumpet tube, the lower end of the trumpet tube is provided with a filter plate, the lower side of the filter plate is provided with a separation plate for separating impurities, the upper side of the filter plate is fixed with a cylindrical barrel, the inner side of the cylindrical barrel is provided with a moving and rotating mechanism for driving the separation plate to move and rotate; The moving and rotating mechanism includes a guide groove column movably inserted at the lower end of the inner side of the cylindrical barrel and penetrating the filter plate, a sliding pin 1 rotatably connected to the lower end of the inner side of the cylindrical barrel, and an electric cylinder driving the guide groove column to move up and down, the lower end of the guide groove column is fixed to the upper side of the separation plate, and a spiral guide groove is opened on the outer side of the guide groove column, and the sliding pin 1 is movably adapted to the inner side of the spiral guide groove; Also included is an anti-blocking mechanism for preventing the sampling tube from being blocked; The anti-blocking mechanism comprises a spiral anti-blocking tension spring which is movably arranged inside the sampling tube and a driving mechanism which drives the anti-blocking tension spring to move axially back and forth.

2. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the cylindrical tube is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves arranged in a circle, the upper end of the guide groove column is rotatably connected with a pressure plate, the telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper side of the pressure plate, and the outer side of the pressure plate is provided with a plurality of protrusions that slide with the vertical grooves.

3. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the separation plate is provided with a plurality of water-passing grooves arranged in a circle, and the interior of the separation plate is also provided with a plurality of straight slide grooves arranged in a circle, a slide rod is slidably inserted at one end of each straight slide groove, a slider slidably connected to the inner side of the straight slide groove is fixed at one end of each slide rod, and a push plate is fixed on the outer side of each slider and is attached to the lower surface of the separation plate.

4. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 3 is characterized in that: One end of each sliding block is connected to a return spring sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod, and the other end of each return spring is connected to an inner end of the straight sliding groove at a corresponding position.

5. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer side of the guide groove column is rotatably connected to a bearing at the upper side of the separation plate. An outer ring is fixed to the outer side of the bearing through multiple cross frames. Multiple cutting knives arranged in a circle are arranged between the bearing and the outer ring. A guide rod is fixed on the upper side of each cross frame, and each guide rod is slidably inserted into the interior of the filter plate.

6. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Each cutting knife is arranged obliquely, and the blades on both sides of each cutting knife are respectively fitted with the surfaces of the filter plate and the separation plate.

7. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably connected to the upper end of the cylindrical tube and a connecting column movably arranged at the center position of the upper end of the cylindrical tube. The lower end of the anti-blocking tension spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting column. A wavy annular groove is provided on the inner side of the rotating ring. A plurality of sliding pins 2 are rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting column. Each sliding pin 2 is movably adapted to the inner side of the annular groove. A plurality of blades arranged in a circle are fixed to the outer side of the rotating ring. The plurality of blades drive the rotating ring to rotate under the impact of water flow.

8. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A sliding column with a rectangular cross section is fixed on the upper end of the cylindrical tube, and a connecting column sliding sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the sliding column.

9. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of sample storage chambers are provided inside the collection box, the air inlet end of the negative pressure pump is connected with the plurality of sample storage chambers through a plurality of upper branch pipes, the upper end of the sampling tube is connected with the plurality of sample storage chambers through a plurality of lower branch pipes, an electric-controlled valve is installed on the inner side of each upper branch pipe, a one-way valve is installed on the inner side of each lower branch pipe, and the conduction direction of each one-way valve points to the inner side of the sample storage chamber.

10. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter plate is detachably mounted on the inner lower end of the bell tube through threads.

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