A calculation method for typhoon-resistant backup power capacity configuration of offshore wind turbines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines, which is suitable for evaluating the typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity in sea areas prone to typhoons. By simulating the maximum wind speed of the wind farm site under the influence of typhoons in previous years, the wind speed change of the site under the influence of each typhoon is obtained. By calculating the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine, the wind speed time series of the site wind turbine is obtained. According to the speed time series under the influence of each typhoon, the cut-out duration of the wind turbine under the influence of the typhoon is calculated to obtain the cut-out duration of the wind turbine under the influence of each typhoon. According to the maximum cut-out duration, the backup power supply configuration capacity is calculated. This calculation method combines typhoon wind speed simulation, wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine and calculation of wind turbine cut-out duration to obtain a quantitative evaluation method for the configuration duration of the typhoon-resistant backup power supply, filling the gap in the current typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity configuration method. The calculation results can provide a reference for the backup power supply configuration capacity and provide technical support for the construction of wind farms in sea areas strongly affected by typhoons.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity of an offshore wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] The northwest Pacific Ocean is a typhoon-prone area. my country's southeastern and southern coastal areas are affected by typhoons all year round, posing a serious threat to wind farm development. Take the super typhoon "Makar" on September 6, 2024, as an example. When it landed in Wenchang, Hainan, it caused a large number of wind turbines at a certain wind farm to collapse and blades to break. The main reason for the damage to the wind turbines at this station was that the units were not powered on. When the typhoon passed, they could not yaw to achieve active wind direction and reduce the load of the units. Judging from the typhoon resistance of various main engine manufacturers, the most important design for offshore wind turbines to resist typhoons is to set up a backup power supply to complete active yaw to face the wind in the event of a power failure. The backup power supply can be in the form of a diesel generator + energy storage battery. However, the capacity configuration of backup power supplies among various main engine manufacturers varies greatly. For developers, there is a lack of a quantitative evaluation method, resulting in over- or under-allocation of backup power supplies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the lack of quantitative evaluation methods for the existing configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for wind turbines, the present invention proposes a method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines. The technical scheme is as follows: (1) constructing a typhoon sequence screening model, and screening and obtaining a typhoon sequence by analyzing the impact of typhoons on the sites where wind farms are located in history; (2) constructing a typhoon wind field model, and calculating the wind speed time series of the target site under the influence of each typhoon, and obtaining a set of wind speed time series of the target site; (3) constructing a wind turbine wind speed model, and converting the obtained wind speed time series of each target site into the wind speed time series of the wind turbines to be used in the wind farm, and obtaining a set of wind speed time series of the wind turbines at the target site; (4) constructing a wind turbine cut-out duration model, and obtaining a data set of the cut-out duration of the turbine under the influence of each typhoon; (5) comparing the cut-out duration under the influence of each typhoon, and determining the configuration duration of the typhoon-resistant backup power supply; (6) determining the configuration capacity of the typhoon-resistant backup power supply according to the requirements of the configuration duration of the typhoon-resistant backup power supply.

[0004] Furthermore, in step 1), let the center of the wind farm site be O1, let the center of a typhoon be O2, and the distance between O1 and O2 be r; assuming that the typhoon impact radius is R0, calculate the value of r during the entire typhoon path, and record R=(r1, r2...r k ); let the maximum value in R be r max , compare r max With the size of R0, all r max Typhoons with a value greater than R are included in the typhoon sequence TP, where TP=(tp1, tp2…tp n), which contains n typhoons in total.

[0005] Furthermore, in step 2), the parameterized model Holland is used to calculate the wind speed time series W of the wind farm site center O1 during the movement of a certain typhoon i based on data such as r, typhoon center pressure, and typhoon maximum wind speed. i , W i =(w i1 ,w i2 ...w ik ), according to the typhoon sequence TP, the target site wind speed time series set TPW=(W1,W2……W n ).

[0006] Furthermore, in step 3), the average wind speed is first converted into gust wind speed, and the gust coefficient is recorded as k g , multiply the target site wind speed time series set obtained from meteorological data by the gust coefficient to obtain the target site maximum gust time series set TPW g =(W g1 ,W g2 ...W gn ), where W gi =(w gi1 ,w gi2 ...w gik ), and then the maximum gust time series set TPW g Converted into the gust wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine used in the wind farm, the gust wind speed sequence at the hub height is recorded as V, the hub height is h, and the wind shear index is α. , thus we can get the target site wind turbine gust wind speed time series set TPV = (V1, V2 ... V n ); Using the same method, obtain the 10-minute average wind speed time series set TPU of the target site wind turbine, and record the 10-minute average wind speed conversion coefficient as k m , the target site wind speed time series set obtained from meteorological data is compared with k m Multiply them to get the 10-minute average wind speed time series set TPW of the target site m =(W m1 ,W g2 ...W gn ), where W mi =(w mi1 ,w mi2 ...w mik ), and then the 10-min average wind speed time series set TPW m Converted into the 10-minute average wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine used in the wind farm, the 10-minute average wind speed sequence at the hub height is recorded as U, the hub height is h, and the wind shear index is α. , and the 10-minute average wind speed time series set of the target site wind turbine is obtained as TPU=(U1,U2……U n ).

[0007] Furthermore, the step 4) considers both gust cut-out and average wind speed cut-out, and the gust cut-out setting value is v gco , the average wind speed cut-out setting value is v mco , each wind speed sequence V in TPV i The wind speed value and the setting value V in the gust cut-out gco For comparison, V1=(v 11 ,v 12 ……v 1n ) as an example, find the first wind speed value greater than v gco The value of v 1a , let a be the first moment when the wind turbine gust is shut down, find the last wind speed value greater than v gco The value of v 1c , c is the last moment when the wind turbine gust is shut down; the wind speed sequence U in TPU i The wind speed value and the set value v in the average wind speed cut-out mco For comparison, take U1=(u 11 ,u 12 ...u 1n ) as an example, find the first wind speed value greater than v mco The value of u 1b , let b be the first time point when the wind turbine shuts down at the average wind speed, and find the last wind speed value greater than v mco The value of v 1d , d is the last time point when the wind turbine is shut down and cut out at the average wind speed; the data time interval is t0, and the wind turbine cut-out time is t i =[max(c,d)-min(a,b)]*t0; calculate the cut-out time of each typhoon and obtain the cut-out time dataset T=(t1,t2……t n ).

[0008] Furthermore, in step 5), the maximum value in the data set is found based on the cut-out duration data set, which is recorded as t c , t c This is the reference duration for typhoon-resistant backup power supply configuration.

[0009] Furthermore, the step 6) is specifically as follows: according to the equivalent power of the backup power supply objects of the wind turbine during the typhoon resistance period, the capacity C of the typhoon resistance backup power supply is calculated. The power supply objects include the yaw motor, the control cabinet, the pitch locking mechanism, and the auxiliary system. The equivalent power is the power equivalent value of the unit when it is operating in the typhoon resistance mode rather than the rated value. C=(P 偏航 +P控制 +P 变桨锁定 +P 辅助 +…)*t C .

[0010] The design ideas of the present invention are as follows:

[0011] The present invention is suitable for the assessment of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity in typhoon-prone sea areas. By simulating the maximum wind speed of the wind farm site under the influence of typhoons in previous years, the wind speed change of the site under the influence of each typhoon is obtained. By calculating the wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine, the wind speed time series of the site wind turbine is obtained. According to the speed time series under the influence of each typhoon, the wind turbine cut-out duration under the influence of the typhoon is calculated to obtain the wind turbine cut-out duration under the influence of each typhoon. According to the maximum cut-out duration, the backup power supply configuration capacity is calculated. This calculation method combines typhoon wind speed simulation, wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine and wind turbine cut-out duration calculation to obtain a quantitative evaluation method for the typhoon-resistant backup power supply configuration duration, filling the gap in the current typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity configuration method. The calculation results can provide a reference for the backup power supply configuration capacity and provide technical support for the construction of wind farms in sea areas strongly affected by typhoons.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] At present, the configuration capacity of typhoon-resistant backup power supplies for offshore wind turbines relies on experience, which may result in insufficient or excessive capacity configuration, leading to increased project maintenance costs or investment costs. The present invention provides a method for evaluating the configuration capacity of backup power supplies based on typhoon duration, which can quantify the capacity configuration strategy and provide a scientific basis for the configuration of backup power supplies in the construction of offshore wind power projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity of offshore wind turbines. The calculation process is as follows: Figure 1 The specific execution process is as follows:

[0017] Obtain a typhoon dataset. The dataset contains typhoon meteorological data from previous years. The meteorological data should include but is not limited to the typhoon's longitude and latitude coordinates, central pressure, and maximum wind speed. Generally speaking, the maximum wind speed of a typhoon given by the Meteorological Bureau is the average wind speed over 2 minutes at a height of 10 meters. Hourly data is preferred on a time scale. Table 1 below shows the meteorological dataset for Typhoon Saomai in 2006.

[0018] Table 1

[0019] ;

[0020] Construct a typhoon sequence screening model, set the center of the wind farm site as O1, set the typhoon center as O2, and the distance between O1 and O2 as r. Assuming that the typhoon impact radius is R0 (considering the relationship between the typhoon wind circle and intensity, 300km can be selected), calculate the r value during the entire typhoon path, and record R=(r1, r2...r k ). Let the maximum value in R be r max , compare r max With the size of R0, all r max Typhoons with a value greater than R are included in the typhoon sequence TP, where TP=(tp1, tp2…tp n ), which contains n typhoons in total.

[0021] Construct a typhoon wind field model. The model can adopt a parameterized model such as the Holland model. According to data such as r, typhoon center pressure, and typhoon maximum wind speed, the wind speed time series W of the wind farm site center O1 during the movement of typhoon i can be calculated. i , W i =(w i1 ,w i2 ...w ik ), according to the typhoon sequence TP, the target site wind speed time series set TPW=(W1,W2……W n The time series is hourly wind speed, and linear interpolation is used for the original data input; Table 2 is the typhoon wind speed time series;

[0022] Table 2

[0023] ;

[0024] To build a wind turbine wind speed model, first convert the average wind speed into gust wind speed, and record the gust coefficient as k g , multiply the target site wind speed time series set obtained from meteorological data by the gust coefficient to obtain the target site maximum gust time series set TPW g =(W g1 ,W g2 ...W gn ), where W gi =(w gi1 ,w gi2 ...w gik ), and then the maximum gust time series set TPW g Converted into the gust wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine used in the wind farm, the gust wind speed sequence at the hub height is recorded as V, the hub height is h, and the wind shear index is α. , thus we can get the target site wind turbine gust wind speed time series set TPV = (V1, V2 ... V n ). Using the same method, the 10-minute average wind speed time series set TPU of the target site wind turbine is obtained, and the 10-minute average wind speed conversion coefficient is k m , the target site wind speed time series set obtained from meteorological data is compared with k m Divide them to get the 10-minute average wind speed time series set TPW of the target site m =(W m1 ,W g2 ...W gn ), where W mi =(w mi1 ,w mi2 ...w mik ), and then the 10-min average wind speed time series set TPW m Converted into the 10-minute average wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine used in the wind farm, the 10-minute average wind speed sequence at the hub height is recorded as U, the hub height is h, and the wind shear index is α. From this, the 10-minute average wind speed time series set of the wind turbine at the target site can be obtained: TPU = (U1, U2...U n ). (In the embodiment, k is taken based on the offshore conditions of the target area and the recommended value of the international tropical cyclone gust coefficient. g =1.28, take k m =1.38, hub height is 150m, shear index is 0.09);

[0025] The time series of gust wind speed at the hub height of the typhoon is shown in Table 3.

[0026] Table 3

[0027] ;

[0028] The 10-minute average wind speed time series at hub height is shown in Table 4:

[0029] Table 4

[0030] ;

[0031] Constructing a wind turbine cut-out duration model, combining the high turbulence meteorological characteristics of typhoons and the current wind turbine cut-out logic, it is necessary to consider both gust cut-out and average wind speed cut-out. The gust cut-out setting value is v gco , the average wind speed cut-out setting value is v mco . The wind speed sequence V in TPV i The wind speed value and the set value V in the gust cut-out gco For comparison, V1=(v 11 ,v12 ……v 1n ) as an example, find the first wind speed value greater than v gco The value of v 1a , let a be the first moment when the wind turbine gust is shut down, find the last wind speed value greater than v gco The value of v 1c , c is the last moment when the wind turbine gust is shut down. i The wind speed value and the set value v in the average wind speed cut-out mco For comparison, take U1=(u 11 ,u 12 ...u 1n ) as an example, find the first wind speed value greater than v mco The value of u 1b , let b be the first time point when the wind turbine shuts down at the average wind speed, and find the last wind speed value greater than v mco The value of v 1d , d is the last time point when the wind turbine is shut down and cut out at the average wind speed. The data time interval is t0, and the wind turbine cut-out time is t i =[max(c,d)-min(a,b)]*t0. Calculate the cut-out time of each typhoon and get the cut-out time dataset T=(t1,t2……t n ).

[0032] Taking a typhoon as an example, the wind speed sequence time interval is 1 hour. Assume that the gust cut-out wind speed is 35 m / s and the average wind speed cut-out wind speed is 25 m / s. The first gust cut-out time point is 2006 / 8 / 9 22:00, the first average wind speed cut-out time point is also 2006 / 8 / 9 22:00, the last gust cut-out time point is 2006 / 8 / 10 16:00, and the first average wind speed cut-out time point is 2006 / 8 / 10 15:00. The cut-out time of this typhoon is [max(131,130)-min(113,113)]*1=18 hours. Currently, the offshore wind power industry has conducted little research on the capacity configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supplies. The maximum operating time of the backup power supply is basically determined in days, lacking refined calculations and more accurate quantitative evaluation methods. The present invention provides a method for calculating the gust wind speed and average wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine at the target site by combining historical typhoon data. The method determines the maximum operating time of the backup power supply by combining the calculated wind speed value under the influence of the typhoon and the wind turbine control logic relationship, thereby providing support for the accurate and quantitative calculation of the backup power supply capacity.

[0033] Each typhoon has a corresponding cut-out duration. According to the cut-out duration dataset, find the maximum value in the dataset and record it as t c , t cThis is the reference duration for typhoon-resistant backup power supply configuration.

[0034] The capacity C of the typhoon-resistant backup power supply is calculated based on the equivalent power of the backup power supply objects during the typhoon-resistant period of the wind turbine. The power supply objects generally include the yaw motor, control cabinet, pitch locking mechanism, auxiliary system, etc. The equivalent power is the power equivalent value of the unit when it is running in the typhoon-resistant mode, not the rated value. C=(P 偏航 +P 控制 +P 变桨锁定 +P 辅助 +…)*t C .

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1) Construct a typhoon sequence screening model and screen and obtain typhoon sequences by analyzing the impact of typhoons on wind farm sites in history; Step 2) Construct a typhoon wind field model, calculate the wind speed time series of the target site under the influence of each typhoon, and obtain the target site wind speed time series set; Step 3) Construct a wind turbine wind speed model, convert the obtained wind speed time series of each target site into the wind turbine wind speed time series to be used in the wind farm, and obtain the wind turbine wind speed time series set of the target site; Step 4) Build a wind turbine cut-out duration model and obtain a dataset of wind turbine cut-out durations under the influence of various typhoons; Step 5) Compare the cut-out duration under the influence of various typhoons and determine the duration of the typhoon-resistant backup power supply configuration; Step 6) Determine the capacity of the typhoon-resistant backup power supply based on the duration of the typhoon-resistant backup power supply configuration.

2. The method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of step 1) is as follows: Assume that the center of the wind farm site is O1, the center of a typhoon is O2, and the distance between O1 and O2 is r. Assume that the typhoon impact radius is R0, calculate the r value during the entire typhoon path, and record R=(r1, r2...r k ); let the maximum value in R be r max , compare r max With the size of R0, all r max Typhoons with a value greater than R are included in the typhoon sequence TP, where TP=(tp1, tp2…tp n ), which contains n typhoons in total.

3. The method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of step 2) is as follows: The parameterized model Holland is used to calculate the wind speed time series W of the wind farm site center O1 during the movement of a typhoon i based on r, typhoon center pressure, and typhoon maximum wind speed. i , W i =(w i1 ,w i2 ...w ik ), according to the typhoon sequence TP, the target site wind speed time series set TPW=(W1,W2……W n ).

4. The method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of step 3) is as follows: The 2-minute average wind speed is calculated based on the wind field model. The average wind speed needs to be converted into gust wind speed, and the gust coefficient is k g , multiply the target site wind speed time series set obtained from meteorological data by the gust coefficient to obtain the target site maximum gust time series set TPW g =(W g1 ,W g2 ...W gn ), where W gi =(w gi1 ,w gi2 ...w gik ), and then the maximum gust time series set TPW g Converted into the gust wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine used in the wind farm, the gust wind speed sequence at the hub height is recorded as V, the hub height is h, and the wind shear index is α. , thus we can get the target site wind turbine gust wind speed time series set TPV = (V1, V2 ... V n ); The same method is used to obtain the 10-minute average wind speed of the wind turbine at the target site, and the conversion coefficient of the 10-minute average wind speed is k. m , the target site wind speed time series set obtained from meteorological data is compared with k m Multiply them to get the 10-minute average wind speed time series set TPW of the target site m =(W m1 ,W g2 ...W gn ), where W mi =(w mi1 ,w mi2 ...w mik ), and then the 10-min average wind speed time series set TPW m Converted into the 10-minute average wind speed at the hub height of the wind turbine used in the wind farm, the 10-minute average wind speed sequence at the hub height is recorded as U, the hub height is h, and the wind shear index is α. , and the 10-minute average wind speed time series set of the target site wind turbine is obtained as TPU=(U1,U2……U n ).

5. The method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of step 4) is as follows: Considering both gust cut-out and average wind speed cut-out, the gust cut-out setting value is v gco , the average wind speed cut-out setting value is v mco , each wind speed sequence V in TPV i The wind speed value and the setting value V in the gust cut-out gco For comparison, V1=(v 11 ,v 12 ……v 1n ) as an example, find the first wind speed value greater than v gco The value of v 1a , let a be the first moment when the wind turbine gust is shut down, find the last wind speed value greater than v gco The value of v 1c , c is the last moment when the wind turbine gust is shut down; the wind speed sequence U in TPU i The wind speed value and the set value v in the average wind speed cut-out mco For comparison, take U1=(u 11 ,u 12 ...u 1n ) as an example, find the first wind speed value greater than v mco The value of u 1b , let b be the first time point when the wind turbine shuts down at the average wind speed, and find the last wind speed value greater than v mco The value of v 1d , d is the last time point when the wind turbine is shut down and cut out at the average wind speed; the data time interval is t0, and the wind turbine cut-out time is t i =[max(c,d)-min(a,b)]*t0; calculate the cut-out time of each typhoon and obtain the cut-out time dataset T=(t1,t2……t n ).

6. The method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 5) is specifically as follows: according to the cut-out duration data set, find the maximum value in the data set, which is recorded as t c , t c This is the reference duration for typhoon-resistant backup power supply configuration.

7. The method for calculating the configuration of typhoon-resistant backup power supply capacity for offshore wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 6) is specifically as follows: according to the equivalent power of the backup power supply objects of the wind turbine during the typhoon resistance period, the capacity C of the typhoon resistance backup power supply is calculated. The power supply objects include the yaw motor, the control cabinet, the pitch locking mechanism, and the auxiliary system. The equivalent power is the power equivalent value of the unit when it is operating in the typhoon resistance mode rather than the rated value. C=(P 偏航 +P 控制 +P 变桨锁定 +P 辅助 +…)*t C .

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