Backfill deformation control method and system combined with path flow optimization

Abstract

The invention provides a backfill deformation control method and system combined with path flow optimization, and relates to the field of backfill construction optimization control, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the backfill path optimization of a first stage according to the current tunnel construction information; concrete backfilling of the first stage is executed according to the first optimal backfilling path, and state data collection is conducted on a first backfilling result; in combination with the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, backfill path and pouring thickness optimization of the second stage is carried out; and concrete backfilling of the second stage is executed according to the second optimal backfilling parameter, and follow-up iterative optimization and backfilling work continues to be carried out. The technical problem that differential settlement and deformation control in the backfilling process cannot be effectively solved through a traditional tunnel backfilling construction method is solved, the accuracy and uniformity of multi-stage backfilling construction can be ensured through backfilling path optimization, pouring thickness control, real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, and structural deformation caused by settlement is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of backfill construction optimization control, and in particular to a backfill deformation control method and system combined with path flow optimization. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel backfill construction is an important part of underground engineering construction. The selection of backfill materials and backfill methods directly affect the stability and long-term operational safety of the tunnel.

[0003] Traditional tunnel backfill construction methods mostly rely on experience and conventional processes, usually using a single backfill path and fixed pouring thickness. However, this traditional method has multiple technical bottlenecks, especially in soft soil areas or complex geological environments, where uneven settlement and structural deformation often occur during the backfill process, affecting the long-term stability and operational safety of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a backfill deformation control method and system combined with path flow optimization to solve the technical problem that the traditional tunnel backfill construction method cannot effectively solve the uneven settlement and deformation control during the backfill process, including: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization, including: based on a standard casting thickness, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, performing a first-stage backfill path optimization according to current tunnel construction information to determine a first optimal backfill path; executing a first-stage concrete backfill according to the standard casting thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and collecting status data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfill data distribution set; combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, performing a second-stage backfill path and casting thickness optimization to obtain second optimal backfill parameters; executing a second-stage concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and continuing to perform subsequent multiple stages of parameter iteration optimization and backfill operations until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0005] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization also includes: obtaining current tunnel construction information, wherein the tunnel construction information at least includes size characteristics, structural form and construction characteristics; performing simulation modeling according to the current tunnel construction information to generate the current tunnel three-dimensional space; utilizing the current tunnel three-dimensional space to perform the first stage of backfill path optimization based on the standard casting thickness to determine the first optimal backfill path.

[0006] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization also includes: using the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel to enumerate backfill paths and generate multiple initial backfill paths; in the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel, based on the standard casting thickness, backfill operation simulation is performed respectively according to the multiple initial backfill paths, and multiple backfill simulation deformation data are output; multiple backfill fitnesses are calculated according to the multiple backfill simulation deformation data, and the initial backfill path with the maximum backfill fitness is selected as the first optimal backfill path.

[0007] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization also includes: obtaining multiple backfill simulation deformation data, wherein each backfill simulation deformation data includes a backfill simulation deformation feature distribution, and each backfill simulation deformation feature is identified by a deformation size, a deformation type and a position coordinate, and the deformation type includes settlement deformation, lateral deformation and uneven deformation; performing construction influence analysis according to the multiple position coordinates to determine multiple construction influence weights; based on the deformation type, analyzing and obtaining settlement deformation weights, lateral deformation weights and uneven deformation weights; performing overall deformation weighted calculation on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data according to the multiple construction influence weights, settlement deformation weights, lateral deformation weights and uneven deformation weights to obtain multiple overall deformation coefficients; and calculating multiple backfill fitnesses according to the multiple overall deformation coefficients, wherein the backfill fitness is the inverse of the overall deformation coefficient.

[0008] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization also includes: configuring a predetermined sensor group, wherein the predetermined sensor group includes a plurality of monitoring sensor arrays, each monitoring sensor array includes a plurality of sensors of the same type, which are respectively arranged at a plurality of predetermined backfill positions in the tunnel, and the sensor types include at least a concrete flow monitoring sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization also includes: collecting state data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first initial backfill data distribution set; and performing data denoising and cross-validation on the first initial backfill data distribution set to obtain the first backfill data distribution set.

[0010] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization also includes: performing simulation modeling in combination with current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set to construct a first tunnel three-dimensional space; performing random selection within the pouring thickness threshold according to a predetermined step size to obtain multiple initial pouring thicknesses, performing random combination in combination with multiple initial backfill paths, and generating multiple second backfill parameters; utilizing the first tunnel three-dimensional space to perform optimization according to the multiple second backfill parameters and outputting the second optimal backfill parameters.

[0011] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization also includes: utilizing the first tunnel three-dimensional space to simulate the backfill operation according to the multiple second backfill parameters, and outputting multiple second backfill simulation deformation data; calculating multiple second backfill fitnesses according to the multiple second backfill simulation deformation data, and selecting the second backfill parameter corresponding to the maximum second backfill fitness as the second optimal backfill parameter.

[0012] Preferably, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization also includes: executing the second stage of concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and constructing a second tunnel three-dimensional space according to the second backfill results; based on the second tunnel three-dimensional space, according to the predetermined tunnel backfill stage, continuing the subsequent multiple stages of parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization, which is used to execute the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization as described in the first aspect, including: a first backfill path optimization module, which is used to optimize the backfill path in the first stage based on the standard casting thickness and with the goal of minimizing the backfill deformation, and determine the first optimal backfill path according to the current tunnel construction information; a state data acquisition module, which is used to execute the first stage of concrete backfill according to the standard casting thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and to acquire state data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfill data distribution set; a second backfill parameter optimization module, which is used to optimize the backfill path and casting thickness in the second stage in combination with the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing the backfill deformation, and to obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; a parameter iteration optimization module, which is used to execute the second stage of concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and continue to perform parameter iteration optimization and backfill operations in subsequent multiple stages until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention include the following advantages: Based on the standard pouring thickness, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the first stage backfill path optimization is performed according to the current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfill path; then the first stage of concrete backfill is performed according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and the state data of the first backfill result is collected through a predetermined sensor group to obtain the first backfill data distribution set; then, combined with the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the second stage backfill path and pouring thickness optimization are performed to obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; finally, the second stage of concrete backfill is performed according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and the subsequent multiple stages of parameter iteration optimization and backfill operations are continued until the tunnel backfill project is completed. In other words, by optimizing the backfill path, controlling the pouring thickness, real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the accuracy and uniformity of multi-stage backfill construction can be ensured, structural deformation caused by settlement can be effectively avoided, and the quality of backfill operations can be significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization of the present invention.

[0016] Description of reference numerals: A first backfill path optimization module 11, a state data collection module 12, a second backfill parameter optimization module 13, and a parameter iteration optimization module 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention provides a backfill deformation control method and system combined with path flow optimization, which solves the technical problem that the traditional tunnel backfill construction method cannot effectively solve the uneven settlement and deformation control during the backfill process. By optimizing the backfill path, controlling the pouring thickness, real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the accuracy and uniformity of multi-stage backfill construction can be ensured, effectively avoiding structural deformation caused by settlement, and significantly improving the quality of backfill operations.

[0018] Below, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the example embodiments described herein. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, rather than all of them.

[0019] For example, please refer to the attached Figure 1 The present invention provides a backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization, which is applied to a backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization, and specifically includes the following steps: S10: Based on the standard pouring thickness and with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the first stage of backfill path optimization is performed according to the current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfill path.

[0020] Furthermore, step S10 of the present invention further includes: S11: Acquire current tunnel construction information, wherein the tunnel construction information at least includes size characteristics, structural form and construction characteristics; S12: Perform simulation modeling according to the current tunnel construction information to generate the current tunnel three-dimensional space.

[0021] Specifically, first, the current tunnel construction information is obtained, where the tunnel construction information at least includes dimensional characteristics, structural forms and construction characteristics. The dimensional characteristics include the design dimensions of the tunnel (such as the section, length, excavation depth, etc. of the tunnel), and the dimensional data measured after actual excavation; the structural form includes the structural type of the tunnel (such as full-section tunnel, frame culvert, etc.) and the lining type (such as reinforced concrete lining, prestressed concrete lining, etc.); the construction characteristics include the construction stage, construction method, construction equipment, geological conditions, soil characteristics and groundwater conditions, etc., where the tunnel construction information data table is shown in Table 1: Table 1: Tunnel construction information data table Fields describe Tunnel Number Unique identifier of the tunnel Tunnel Type Such as full-section tunnels, frame culverts, etc. Tunnel length (m) Total length of the tunnel Tunnel section size (m) The size of the tunnel's inner or outer diameter Structural form Reinforced concrete lining, prestressed concrete lining, etc. Excavation method Drilling and blasting, shield tunneling, open cut, etc. Soil type Clay, sand, silt, etc. Tunnel design depth (m) Depth relative to the ground or other reference point Design pouring thickness (m) Standard pouring thickness of each backfill layer Excavation progress (m) Completed excavation length Next, simulation modeling is performed based on the current tunnel construction information, that is, based on the collected tunnel size, structural form and construction characteristics, a three-dimensional model of the tunnel is established through CAD software or BIM platform. The model needs to reflect the geometry, internal structure, construction environment and other information of the tunnel in detail; at the same time, the physical properties of different areas are given in the model (such as the compressibility of the soil, the groundwater level, the mechanical properties of the tunnel lining material, etc.), and the deformation simulation during the backfilling process is performed based on the three-dimensional model, and the settlement and structural stress distribution that may be caused after backfilling are analyzed. Through simulation modeling, a three-dimensional model of the tunnel is created, which can simulate various physical and mechanical behaviors during the backfilling process.

[0022] S13: Utilizing the current three-dimensional tunnel space, optimizing the backfill path of the first stage based on the standard casting thickness, and determining the first optimal backfill path.

[0023] Further, step S13 of the present invention further includes: S131: Enumerate backfill paths using the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel to generate multiple initial backfill paths; S132: In the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel, based on the standard casting thickness, simulate backfill operations according to the multiple initial backfill paths respectively, and output multiple backfill simulation deformation data.

[0024] Specifically, the backfill path enumeration is performed using the three-dimensional space of the current tunnel, that is, multiple possible backfill paths are generated according to the geometric shape and structural characteristics of the tunnel. These paths need to meet the standard pouring thickness requirements and take into account the morphology of different parts of the tunnel and the actual construction conditions (such as soil quality, groundwater, lining morphology, etc.). In the three-dimensional space, considering different construction strategies, pouring sequences, and material fluidity, multiple initial backfill paths are automatically or manually generated. Each path represents a possible construction method for subsequent analysis and comparison to obtain multiple initial backfill paths.

[0025] Next, in the three-dimensional space of the current tunnel, based on the standard pouring thickness, the backfill operation simulation is performed according to the multiple initial backfill paths, that is, the simulation software or backfill simulation model is used to simulate the backfill operation for each initial backfill path. Each backfill simulation will consider the backfill thickness, fluidity and settlement characteristics of the backfill material in the path; at the same time, during the simulation process, the deformation data (such as settlement, lateral displacement, stress distribution, etc.) of each backfill path is obtained through finite element analysis or other calculation methods. These data can reflect the structural changes and deformations that may occur during the backfill operation; the deformation data of multiple backfill paths are collected and stored as data sets, ready for further analysis and evaluation, and multiple backfill simulation deformation data are obtained.

[0026] S133: Calculate a plurality of backfill fitnesses according to the plurality of backfill simulation deformation data, and select an initial backfill path with the maximum backfill fitness as a first optimal backfill path.

[0027] Further, step S133 of the present invention further includes: S1331: Acquire multiple backfill simulation deformation data, wherein each backfill simulation deformation data includes a backfill simulation deformation feature distribution, and each backfill simulation deformation feature is identified by a deformation size, a deformation type and a position coordinate, and the deformation type includes a settlement deformation, a lateral deformation and an uneven deformation; S1332: Perform a construction impact analysis according to the multiple position coordinates, and determine multiple construction impact weights; S1333: Based on the deformation type, analyze and obtain the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight and the uneven deformation weight; S1334: Perform an overall deformation weighted calculation on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data according to the multiple construction impact weights, the settlement deformation weight, the lateral deformation weight and the uneven deformation weight, and obtain multiple overall deformation coefficients; S1335: Calculate multiple backfill fitnesses according to the multiple overall deformation coefficients, wherein the backfill fitness is the inverse of the overall deformation coefficient.

[0028] Specifically, the backfill operation is simulated for each initial backfill path, and the deformation characteristics (such as settlement, lateral displacement, etc.) and the spatial distribution of deformation are recorded. The simulation results will mark the deformation size (such as millimeters), deformation type (settlement, lateral, non-uniform deformation) and the location coordinates of the occurrence, and multiple backfill simulation deformation data will be obtained, among which each backfill simulation deformation data includes the backfill simulation deformation feature distribution, and each backfill simulation deformation feature is marked with deformation size, deformation type and location coordinates. The deformation types include settlement deformation, lateral deformation and non-uniform deformation. The simulated deformation data of each backfill path will clearly record the deformation type (settlement, lateral, non-uniform), size (such as settlement depth, displacement distance, etc.) and location coordinates (position in the three-dimensional space of the tunnel).

[0029] Next, according to the coordinates of the deformation positions, the degree of influence of different positions on the overall construction quality of the tunnel is determined. For example, some positions (such as those close to the support structure or the key parts of the tunnel) may have a greater impact on the stability and structural safety of the tunnel; based on the analysis results, a construction impact weight is assigned to each position coordinate. The closer the position is to the key parts or the area with greater pressure, the higher its weight may be, and vice versa. On the other hand, according to different types of deformation (settlement, lateral, and uneven deformation), the impact of each deformation type on the backfill quality and tunnel structure is evaluated, and then the weight of each deformation type is provided for weighted calculation. For example, the impact of settlement, lateral displacement, and uneven deformation on the safety and stability of the tunnel structure are evaluated separately. For example, settlement deformation may cause uneven roadbed, lateral deformation may affect the geometric stability of the tunnel, and uneven deformation may aggravate the stress concentration of the structure; according to the degree of influence of each deformation type on the tunnel, the respective weights are assigned. Generally speaking, settlement and uneven deformation may have a greater impact on the tunnel structure, so they are assigned higher weights, while the impact of lateral deformation may be smaller.

[0030] Then, based on the multiple construction influence weights, settlement deformation weights, lateral deformation weights and uneven deformation weights, the multiple backfill simulation deformation data are weightedly calculated for overall deformation, that is, the weighted average method is used to combine the construction influence weights with the weights of settlement, lateral and uneven deformation. For each deformation data point, its weighted deformation coefficient is calculated, and the weighted calculation result is used as the overall deformation coefficient. The overall deformation coefficient reflects the overall backfill quality and structural safety of each path. Further, multiple backfill fitnesses are calculated based on the multiple overall deformation coefficients, that is, the inverse of the overall deformation coefficient is used as the backfill fitness. The higher the fitness, the smaller the deformation and the better the path. According to the calculated fitness, the performance of each backfill path is evaluated. A path with a higher fitness indicates that the settlement and deformation during the backfill process are smaller, and it is suitable as a preferred path.

[0031] By conducting a multi-dimensional analysis of the deformation data of the backfill path simulation and performing a weighted calculation based on the weights of the construction impact and deformation type, the fitness of each backfill path is ultimately obtained. This process helps optimize the selection of backfill paths, minimize uneven settlement and structural deformation, and ensure the accuracy and safety of tunnel backfill construction.

[0032] S20: performing a first phase of concrete backfilling according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfilling path, and collecting state data of the first backfilling result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfilling data distribution set.

[0033] Further, step S20 of the present invention further includes: S21: Configuring a predetermined sensor group, wherein the predetermined sensor group includes a plurality of monitoring sensor arrays, each monitoring sensor array includes a plurality of sensors of the same type, which are respectively arranged at a plurality of predetermined backfill positions in the tunnel, and the sensor types include at least a concrete flow monitoring sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

[0034] Specifically, multiple monitoring sensor arrays are configured, each array is composed of multiple sensors of the same type, and the monitoring sensor arrays are arranged at multiple predetermined backfilling positions in the tunnel. The role of the sensor group is to collect key data in the backfilling process in real time to ensure that the backfilling quality can be accurately monitored; wherein, the sensor types include at least concrete flow monitoring sensors, temperature sensors and humidity sensors. The concrete flow monitoring sensor is used to monitor the fluidity of concrete during the backfilling process to ensure that the concrete can be evenly distributed during the backfilling process to avoid problems such as uneven flow or poor fluidity. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature change of concrete during the backfilling process. Since hydration reaction occurs during the backfilling process of concrete, temperature changes may affect the strength and stability of concrete, so real-time temperature monitoring is very important; the humidity sensor is used to monitor the humidity change in the backfilling area. The change in humidity directly affects the curing process and strength development of concrete. Monitoring humidity helps to ensure the uniformity and quality of concrete curing during the backfilling process. The sensor group should be arranged at multiple key backfilling positions in the tunnel, especially in areas prone to deformation, temperature fluctuations or humidity changes, such as the backfilling start section, backfilling middle section and backfilling end section.

[0035] By configuring a predetermined sensor group, real-time monitoring data of key parameters such as concrete fluidity, temperature and humidity can be obtained during the tunnel backfill construction process. These data are crucial for controlling the uniformity and safety of backfill, and can provide data support for subsequent backfill parameter optimization and construction process adjustment; real-time feedback from sensors helps ensure backfill quality, reduce settlement and deformation, and improve construction efficiency and safety.

[0036] Further, step S20 of the present invention further includes: S22: collecting status data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first initial backfill data distribution set; S23: performing data denoising and cross-validation on the first initial backfill data distribution set to obtain the first backfill data distribution set.

[0037] Specifically, the state data of the first backfill result is collected through a predetermined sensor group, that is, during the first stage of backfill construction, the predetermined sensor group collects data on parameters such as concrete fluidity, temperature, and humidity in real time. These data can reflect in detail the changes in concrete fluidity, temperature changes, and humidity distribution during the backfill construction process. The real-time data collected by the sensor group will be stored as the first backfill data distribution set. This data set records various types of data at different locations and times during the first stage of backfill. Next, the first initial backfill data distribution set is subjected to data denoising and cross-validation. Since the sensor may be affected by external interference or the complexity of the construction environment during use, the initially collected data may contain noise. Common denoising methods include Kalman filtering, wavelet transform method, etc. Through denoising, the errors and noise in the sensor data are removed to ensure that the data is more accurate and avoid the influence of noise on subsequent analysis. Cross-validation is a statistical validation method that evaluates the performance of the model on different data sets by dividing the data into multiple subsets (e.g., k-fold cross-validation). For backfill data, cross-validation can be used to evaluate the accuracy of the collected data and further verify the reliability of the data. For example, the first initial backfill data is divided into several subsets, and then some of the data is used to train the data processing model, and the remaining part is used to verify the accuracy of the model; in this way, it can be ensured that the collected data is not overfitted or missing, thereby improving its reliability. The data collected by each sensor is cross-validated to ensure consistency. If some sensor data is found to be biased, it can be corrected to ensure that all data sources are consistent. The data processed by denoising and cross-validation will be sorted and synthesized to generate a clean and accurate first backfill data distribution set as the basic data for optimizing the backfill path and adjusting the construction strategy.

[0038] S30: Combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, optimizing the backfill path and pouring thickness in the second stage with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, and obtaining the second optimal backfill parameters.

[0039] Further, step S30 of the present invention further includes: S31: Combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set for simulation modeling, constructing the first tunnel three-dimensional space; S32: Randomly selecting within the pouring thickness threshold according to a predetermined step size, obtaining multiple initial pouring thicknesses, combining the multiple initial backfill paths for random combination, and generating multiple second backfill parameters.

[0040] Specifically, simulation modeling is performed in combination with the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set (including concrete fluidity, temperature, humidity, settlement deformation data of the backfill position, etc.). The collected backfill data such as temperature, humidity, fluidity, and deformation data are used as important parameters for tunnel three-dimensional spatial modeling to build a more realistic construction environment. Finite element analysis or other three-dimensional modeling techniques are used to generate a three-dimensional spatial model of the tunnel based on the tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set.

[0041] Next, according to the tunnel structure and construction requirements, a standard pouring thickness range is set to ensure that each pouring can be evenly distributed and does not exceed the upper limit of the structural bearing capacity; usually the threshold of pouring thickness is set based on factors such as the working performance of concrete, support mechanics requirements, and tunnel structure requirements. Then, according to the actual engineering needs, the selection step of pouring thickness is set. For example, the step size can be 5mm or 10mm to refine the selection of pouring thickness. Within the range of the predetermined step size, multiple pouring thickness values ​​are randomly selected. For example, if the pouring thickness range is 100mm to 200mm and the step size is 10mm, multiple pouring thicknesses can be randomly selected: 110mm, 130mm, 150mm, etc. Through the previous backfill path optimization stage, multiple possible backfill paths are obtained, which represent different backfill strategies or construction steps. Then, multiple pouring thicknesses and multiple initial backfill paths are combined to generate multiple second backfill parameters, which combine different path selections and pouring thicknesses to form a set of possible backfill schemes. Each combination represents a specific backfilling scheme, and each scheme will have different effects on deformation, settlement, construction efficiency, etc. during the backfilling process.

[0042] S33: Utilizing the first tunnel three-dimensional space, optimizing according to the plurality of second backfilling parameters, and outputting second optimal backfilling parameters.

[0043] Further, step S33 of the present invention also includes: S331: Utilize the first three-dimensional space of the tunnel to simulate the backfilling operation according to the multiple second backfilling parameters, and output multiple second backfilling simulation deformation data; S332: Calculate multiple second backfilling fitnesses according to the multiple second backfilling simulation deformation data, and select the second backfilling parameter corresponding to the maximum second backfilling fitness as the second optimal backfilling parameter.

[0044] Specifically, in the constructed three-dimensional space of the first tunnel, the backfilling process under each second backfilling parameter is simulated. According to multiple backfilling parameters (such as backfilling path, pouring thickness, etc.), the fluidity, pouring effect and possible deformation of concrete in the backfilling process are simulated, that is, according to different backfilling paths, the flow trajectory, backfilling sequence and behavior of each stage of concrete in the tunnel are simulated; according to the selection of each pouring thickness value, the settlement, lateral deformation, etc. during the pouring process are calculated to simulate the stress, deformation, displacement and other conditions that may occur during the pouring process. For example, the settlement deformation reflects the vertical displacement change caused by factors such as pouring thickness and backfilling path during the backfilling process; the lateral deformation reflects the lateral displacement change of the backfilling area during the backfilling process; the uneven deformation reflects the uneven deformation or displacement of the backfilling area due to factors such as backfilling path and pouring thickness. Output multiple backfill simulation deformation data sets, each of which corresponds to a backfilling parameter combination, including deformation data at different locations and times. Each simulated deformation data set contains key information such as deformation type, deformation size, and position coordinates.

[0045] Next, for each backfill parameter combination, the overall deformation coefficient is calculated based on its output deformation data (such as settlement, lateral displacement, uneven deformation, etc.); the overall deformation coefficient reflects the comprehensive deformation level during the backfill process; the backfill fitness is the inverse of the overall deformation coefficient, that is, the smaller the deformation, the greater the fitness, and multiple second backfill fitnesses are calculated. Finally, the fitness values ​​of the multiple backfill parameters calculated are compared, and the backfill parameter combination with the largest fitness value is selected. The higher the fitness value, the smaller the deformation during the backfill process corresponding to the backfill parameter combination, that is, the most superior solution. The backfill parameter combination with the maximum fitness (including backfill path, pouring thickness, etc.) is selected, and this parameter combination is the second optimal backfill parameter.

[0046] S40: performing a second phase of concrete backfilling according to the second optimal backfilling parameters, and continuing to perform subsequent multiple phases of parameter iterative optimization and backfilling operations until the tunnel backfilling project is completed.

[0047] Further, step S40 of the present invention further includes: S41: Execute the second stage of concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and construct the second tunnel three-dimensional space according to the second backfill results; S42: Based on the second tunnel three-dimensional space, according to the predetermined tunnel backfill stage, continue to perform subsequent multiple stages of parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0048] Specifically, the second phase of concrete backfilling is performed according to the second optimal backfilling parameters (including backfilling path, pouring thickness, backfilling sequence, etc.). During the backfilling process, the concrete fluidity, temperature, humidity and deformation data are monitored in real time through the sensor group to ensure accurate control of the construction process. Then, according to the actual results of the second phase of backfilling and the collected sensor data, the three-dimensional spatial model of the tunnel is updated, that is, the deformation data after backfilling, including settlement, lateral displacement, deformation distribution, etc., are collected through sensors; the three-dimensional space of the tunnel is adjusted using the deformation data to accurately reflect the actual state of the tunnel during the backfilling process; the previous simulation model is corrected according to the backfilling results to ensure that the subsequent backfilling operations are based on an accurate spatial model. Then, according to the updated three-dimensional space of the second tunnel and the predetermined stage of tunnel backfilling, the subsequent multiple stages of parameter optimization and backfilling operations are carried out, that is, the tunnel backfilling project is divided into multiple stages, and the backfilling operations and parameter optimization of each stage will be adjusted based on the results of the previous stage. According to the backfilling effect and actual deformation of the previous stage, the backfilling parameters are iteratively optimized at the end of each stage to improve the backfilling path, pouring thickness, construction sequence and other parameters to ensure the continuity, stability and safety of the backfilling process until the backfilling project is completed. By continuing to optimize the parameters and backfilling operations of multiple backfilling stages, it is ensured that the backfilling operation of each stage is performed under the optimal conditions, and the backfilling strategy is dynamically adjusted until the entire tunnel backfilling project is completed.

[0049] In summary, the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization provided by the present invention has the following technical effects: Based on the standard pouring thickness, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the first stage backfill path optimization is performed according to the current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfill path; then the first stage of concrete backfill is performed according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and the state data of the first backfill result is collected through a predetermined sensor group to obtain the first backfill data distribution set; then, combined with the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the second stage backfill path and pouring thickness optimization are performed to obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; finally, the second stage of concrete backfill is performed according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and the subsequent multiple stages of parameter iteration optimization and backfill operations are continued until the tunnel backfill project is completed. In other words, by optimizing the backfill path, controlling the pouring thickness, real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the accuracy and uniformity of multi-stage backfill construction can be ensured, structural deformation caused by settlement can be effectively avoided, and the quality of backfill operations can be significantly improved.

[0050] Embodiment 2: Based on the same inventive concept as the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization in the above embodiment, the present invention also provides a backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization, please refer to the attached Figure 2 , including: a first backfill path optimization module 11, which is used to optimize the backfill path of the first stage based on the standard pouring thickness and the goal of minimizing the backfill deformation according to the current tunnel construction information, and determine the first optimal backfill path; a state data acquisition module 12, which is used to perform the first stage of concrete backfilling according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfill path, and collect the state data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfill data distribution set; a second backfill parameter optimization module 13, which is used to combine the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing the backfill deformation, to optimize the backfill path and pouring thickness of the second stage, and obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; a parameter iteration optimization module 14, which is used to perform the second stage of concrete backfilling according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and continue to perform parameter iteration optimization and backfill operations in subsequent multiple stages until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0051] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used to: obtain current tunnel construction information, wherein the tunnel construction information at least includes size characteristics, structural forms and construction characteristics; perform simulation modeling according to the current tunnel construction information to generate the current tunnel three-dimensional space; utilize the current tunnel three-dimensional space to perform the first stage of backfill path optimization based on the standard casting thickness to determine the first optimal backfill path.

[0052] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used to: use the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel to enumerate backfill paths and generate multiple initial backfill paths; within the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel, based on the standard casting thickness, perform backfill operation simulations according to the multiple initial backfill paths, and output multiple backfill simulation deformation data; calculate multiple backfill fitnesses according to the multiple backfill simulation deformation data, and select the initial backfill path with the maximum backfill fitness as the first optimal backfill path.

[0053] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used to: obtain multiple backfill simulation deformation data, wherein each backfill simulation deformation data includes a backfill simulation deformation feature distribution, and each backfill simulation deformation feature is identified by a deformation size, a deformation type and a position coordinate, and the deformation type includes settlement deformation, lateral deformation and uneven deformation; perform construction impact analysis according to multiple position coordinates to determine multiple construction impact weights; based on the deformation type, analyze and obtain settlement deformation weights, lateral deformation weights and uneven deformation weights; perform overall deformation weighted calculation on the multiple backfill simulation deformation data according to the multiple construction impact weights, settlement deformation weights, lateral deformation weights and uneven deformation weights to obtain multiple overall deformation coefficients; calculate multiple backfill fitnesses according to the multiple overall deformation coefficients, wherein the backfill fitness is the inverse of the overall deformation coefficient.

[0054] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used to: configure a predetermined sensor group, wherein the predetermined sensor group includes multiple monitoring sensor arrays, each monitoring sensor array includes multiple sensors of the same type, which are respectively arranged at multiple predetermined backfill positions in the tunnel, and the sensor types include at least concrete flow monitoring sensors, temperature sensors and humidity sensors.

[0055] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used to: collect state data of the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first initial backfill data distribution set; and perform data denoising and cross-validation on the first initial backfill data distribution set to obtain the first backfill data distribution set.

[0056] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used to: perform simulation modeling in combination with current tunnel construction information and a first backfill data distribution set to construct a first tunnel three-dimensional space; perform random selection within a casting thickness threshold according to a predetermined step size to obtain multiple initial casting thicknesses, perform random combination in combination with multiple initial backfill paths, and generate multiple second backfill parameters; utilize the first tunnel three-dimensional space to perform optimization based on the multiple second backfill parameters and output the second optimal backfill parameters.

[0057] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used to: utilize the first tunnel three-dimensional space to simulate the backfill operation according to the multiple second backfill parameters, and output multiple second backfill simulation deformation data; calculate multiple second backfill fitnesses according to the multiple second backfill simulation deformation data, and select the second backfill parameter corresponding to the maximum second backfill fitness as the second optimal backfill parameter.

[0058] Furthermore, the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization is also used to: execute the second stage of concrete backfill according to the second optimal backfill parameters, and construct the second tunnel three-dimensional space according to the second backfill results; based on the second tunnel three-dimensional space, according to the predetermined tunnel backfill stage, continue to perform subsequent multiple stages of parameter iterative optimization and backfill operations until the tunnel backfill project is completed.

[0059] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization and the specific examples in the aforementioned embodiment 1 are also applicable to the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization in this embodiment. Through the aforementioned detailed description of the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization in this embodiment, so for the sake of brevity of the specification, it will not be described in detail here. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part description.

[0060] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0061] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention and its equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and variations.

Claims

1. A backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization, characterized in that: Methods include: Based on the standard pouring thickness and with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the first phase of backfill path optimization is carried out according to the current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfill path; Performing a first phase of concrete backfilling according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfilling path, and collecting state data of the first backfilling result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfilling data distribution set; Combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the second stage backfill path and pouring thickness are optimized to obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; The second phase of concrete backfilling is performed according to the second optimal backfilling parameters, and the parameter iterative optimization and backfilling operations of subsequent multiple phases are continued until the tunnel backfilling project is completed.

2. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Based on the standard pouring thickness and with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the first phase of backfill path optimization is carried out according to the current tunnel construction information to determine the first optimal backfill path, including: Acquire current tunnel construction information, wherein the tunnel construction information at least includes size characteristics, structural form and construction characteristics; Perform simulation modeling according to the current tunnel construction information to generate the current tunnel three-dimensional space; The current three-dimensional tunnel space is utilized to optimize the backfill path of the first stage based on the standard casting thickness to determine the first optimal backfill path.

3. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Utilizing the current three-dimensional tunnel space, optimizing the backfill path of the first stage based on the standard pouring thickness, and determining the first optimal backfill path, including: Enumerating backfill paths using the current three-dimensional space of the tunnel to generate multiple initial backfill paths; In the current three-dimensional tunnel space, based on the standard pouring thickness, backfill operation simulation is performed respectively according to the multiple initial backfill paths, and multiple backfill simulation deformation data are output; A plurality of backfill fitnesses are calculated based on the plurality of backfill simulation deformation data, and an initial backfill path with a maximum backfill fitness is selected as a first optimal backfill path.

4. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of backfill fitnesses are calculated based on the plurality of backfill simulation deformation data, including: Acquire a plurality of backfill simulation deformation data, wherein each backfill simulation deformation data includes a backfill simulation deformation feature distribution, each backfill simulation deformation feature identifier includes a deformation size, a deformation type and a position coordinate, and the deformation type includes settlement deformation, lateral deformation and uneven deformation; Conduct construction impact analysis based on multiple location coordinates and determine multiple construction impact weights; Based on the deformation type, the settlement deformation weight, lateral deformation weight and uneven deformation weight are analyzed and obtained; According to the plurality of construction influence weights, settlement deformation weights, lateral deformation weights and uneven deformation weights, an overall deformation weighted calculation is performed on the plurality of backfill simulation deformation data to obtain a plurality of overall deformation coefficients; A plurality of backfill fitnesses are calculated according to the plurality of overall deformation coefficients, wherein the backfill fitness is the inverse of the overall deformation coefficient.

5. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A predetermined sensor group is configured, wherein the predetermined sensor group includes a plurality of monitoring sensor arrays, each monitoring sensor array includes a plurality of sensors of the same type, which are respectively arranged at a plurality of predetermined backfill positions in the tunnel, and the sensor types include at least a concrete flow monitoring sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

6. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The state data of the first backfill result is collected by a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfill data distribution set, including: Performing state data collection on the first backfill result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first initial backfill data distribution set; Data denoising and cross-validation are performed on the first initial backfill data distribution set to obtain the first backfill data distribution set.

7. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Combining the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set, with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, the second stage backfill path and pouring thickness are optimized to obtain the second optimal backfill parameters, including: Combining the current tunnel construction information with the first backfill data distribution set to perform simulation modeling, and construct the first tunnel three-dimensional space; Randomly select within the pouring thickness threshold according to a predetermined step length to obtain multiple initial pouring thicknesses, and randomly combine multiple initial backfill paths to generate multiple second backfill parameters; The first tunnel three-dimensional space is utilized to perform optimization according to the plurality of second backfill parameters, and a second optimal backfill parameter is output.

8. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Utilizing the first tunnel three-dimensional space, optimizing according to the plurality of second backfill parameters, and outputting second optimal backfill parameters, comprises: Using the first tunnel three-dimensional space, respectively performing backfill operation simulation according to the plurality of second backfill parameters, and outputting a plurality of second backfill simulation deformation data; A plurality of second backfill fitnesses are calculated according to the plurality of second backfill simulation deformation data, and a second backfill parameter corresponding to the maximum second backfill fitness is selected as the second optimal backfill parameter.

9. The backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second phase of concrete backfilling is performed according to the second optimal backfilling parameters, and the parameter iterative optimization and backfilling operations of the subsequent multiple phases are continued until the tunnel backfilling project is completed, including: Performing a second stage of concrete backfilling according to the second optimal backfilling parameters, and constructing a second tunnel three-dimensional space according to the second backfilling result; Based on the second tunnel three-dimensional space, according to the predetermined tunnel backfilling stage, the subsequent multiple stages of parameter iteration optimization and backfilling operations are continued until the tunnel backfilling project is completed.

10. A backfill deformation control system combined with path flow optimization, characterized in that: The steps for implementing the backfill deformation control method combined with path flow optimization as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 include: The first backfill path optimization module is used to optimize the backfill path in the first stage based on the standard pouring thickness and with the goal of minimizing backfill deformation, and to determine the first optimal backfill path according to the current tunnel construction information; A state data acquisition module, used for performing a first stage of concrete backfilling according to the standard pouring thickness and the first optimal backfilling path, and performing state data acquisition on the first backfilling result through a predetermined sensor group to obtain a first backfilling data distribution set; The second backfill parameter optimization module is used to combine the current tunnel construction information and the first backfill data distribution set to minimize the backfill deformation, optimize the backfill path and pouring thickness in the second stage, and obtain the second optimal backfill parameters; The parameter iteration optimization module is used to perform the second stage of concrete backfilling according to the second optimal backfilling parameters, and continue to perform subsequent multiple stages of parameter iteration optimization and backfilling operations until the tunnel backfilling project is completed.

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