Vehicle bumper shock absorber

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of vehicle safety. A vehicle bumper shock absorber includes a hollow housing secured to a vehicle and a movable inertial element that can interact with an elastically deformable member mounted within the housing and a bumper beam link impactor within a cavity of the housing. The elastic easy-to-deform component is a cylindrical spiral spring made of an elliptical bar, the inertial element is a spherical bit, and the diameter of the spherical bit is larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical spiral spring. Therefore, the structure of the vehicle bumper shock absorber can remarkably improve energy absorption capacity and avoid unpredictable consequences during collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of vehicle application and can be used to improve collision energy absorption capability. Background Art

[0002] A structure of an energy-absorbing buffer is known, which converts impact energy into plastic deformation of fixed connecting elements, which are tubular, and mobile connecting elements are inserted into the tube through a conical mandrel, in the form of a "mandrel-tube" (utility model patent RU 193207, published in 2019).

[0003] The disadvantage of this structure is that the easily deformable component can only be used once and the working reliability is insufficient.

[0004] A structure of a vehicle bumper is known (RU 2252162 C1), in which the impact energy is converted into destructive forces of deformable components in the form of plate-like membranes with concentric holes, interacting with mobile connecting elements in the form of bumper beam links inserted into the concentric holes of the membranes (invention patent RU 2252162, issued in 2005).

[0005] The disadvantage of this structure is that the deformable component can only be used once.

[0006] A vehicle bumper is known which comprises a movable connecting element of a bumper cross member in the form of a profile, which is inserted into a hollow housing and causes elastic components to deform in turn, thereby neutralizing the impact energy (copyright registration certificate SU 1574497, issued in 1990).

[0007] The disadvantages of this invention are that the structure is complex and unreliable, and the collision energy absorption capacity is low.

[0008] Another common disadvantage of the above structures is that the movable member is relatively bulky, because it needs to be pre-pulled out from the vehicle shell that matches the length of the deformable member so as to more fully absorb the impact energy during the collision. Summary of the invention

[0009] The task of the present invention is to improve the protection efficiency of vehicles and occupants during collisions, reduce the cost required for the energy-absorbing buffer to restore its function after a collision, and implement protection in the event of repeated collisions without replacing metal deformable components.

[0010] The technical effect of the invention applied for: improving energy absorption capacity and simplifying the structure.

[0011] The technical effect is achieved in the following manner: the vehicle bumper shock absorber includes a hollow shell fixed to the vehicle and a movable inertial element, which can interact with an elastic deformable member installed in the shell and a bumper beam connecting rod impactor in the shell cavity. The elastic deformable member in the present invention is a cylindrical helical spring made of an elliptical bar, and the inertial element is a spherical bit, the diameter of which exceeds the inner diameter of the cylindrical helical spring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The present invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 : Cross-section of vehicle bumper shock absorber; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The vehicle bumper shock absorber comprises a hollow housing 1 fixed to the vehicle frame 2, in which there is an inertial element in the form of a movable spherical bit 3, which is located in a bushing 4. On one side of the inertial bit 3, elastic and easily deformable components are provided in the cavity of the housing 1, which are cylindrical helical springs made of elliptical bars, and the spring coils are closely fitted to each other. The end face of the helical spring 5 in contact with the bushing 4 is "enlarged" to the same size as the inner diameter of the cavity of the housing 1, and the other end of the helical spring 5 is supported on the bottom of the screw plug 6 of the housing. The other side of the inertial bit 3 can contact the impactor 7 of the connecting rod 8 of the bumper beam 10 inserted into the cavity of the housing in the cavity of the housing 1, and the impactor is spring-loaded through the element 9. The diameter of the inertial spherical bit 3 exceeds the inner diameter (clearance) of the cylindrical helical spring 5 by the designed elastic deformation of the cross section of the spring, and the inner diameter of the cavity of the housing 1 correspondingly exceeds the outer diameter of the cylindrical helical spring 5 by the designed deformation of the cross section of the spring 5. The use of the spherical bit 3 as an inertial element enables the shock absorber to work normally when the length of the cylindrical coil spring 5 is not limited, without proportionally extending the connecting rod 8 of the bumper beam 10, and allows the longitudinal axis trajectory of the housing 1 to deviate from the straight line within a certain range to adapt to the structural layout of the vehicle components.

[0015] The working principle of the vehicle bumper shock absorber is as follows: During a collision, the moving connecting element of the bumper beam 10 pushes the connecting rod 8 into the cavity of the housing 1. Subsequently, the impactor 7 accelerates the inertial spherical bit 3, which moves in the cylindrical helical spring 5. Each bit deforms the elastic spring coils in the cross section in turn to absorb the collision energy. When the bit 3 moves over the entire length of the cylindrical helical spring 5, the vehicle is subjected to a design force of equal magnitude and opposite to the direction of collision movement, thereby reducing the remaining force that can cause vehicle damage after the bit 3 moves to the spring 5 of the housing 1 until it drops to zero. The gap generated by the bumper beam 10 during a minor collision is compensated by the elastic element 9.

[0016] Since the elastic deformable component is a cylindrical coil spring made of elliptical rod, and the inertial element is a spherical bit with a diameter exceeding the inner diameter of the cylindrical coil spring, the vehicle bumper shock absorber structure applied for can significantly improve the energy absorption capacity and avoid unpredictable consequences during collision.

Claims

1. A vehicle bumper shock absorber comprises a hollow shell fixed to the vehicle and a movable inertial element, which can interact with an elastic deformable member installed in the shell and a bumper beam connecting rod impactor in the shell cavity, wherein: The elastically deformable member is a cylindrical helical spring made of an elliptical bar, and the inertial element is a spherical bit, the diameter of which exceeds the inner diameter of the cylindrical helical spring.

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