Composite fireproof cloth with good tensile property and heat insulation property

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite fireproof cloth with good tensile and heat insulation properties, which comprises a base cloth middle layer, the two sides of the base cloth middle layer are respectively hot-pressed with a base cloth outer layer through a binder, and a flame-retardant coating is formed on the outer surface of the base cloth outer layer; wherein the middle layer of the base cloth adopts an aerogel felt; the outer layer of the base cloth adopts glass fiber woven roving mixed with basalt fibers, and the mixed weaving weight percentage of the basalt fibers is 8-10%; and the adhesive adopts organic silicon epoxy resin. The fireproof cloth has the advantages of excellent temperature resistance, heat insulation, tensile strength, flame retardance and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fireproof fabrics, and particularly to a composite fireproof fabric with good tensile strength and heat insulation performance. Background Art

[0002] Fiberglass fireproof fabrics can be used as fire isolation barrier fabrics for construction operations. Specifically, they are applicable to occasions with sparks, such as welding, which are prone to cause fires, and can resist the splash of sparks, molten slag, welding spatter, etc. Although fiberglass fireproof fabrics have good flame retardant effects, the following problems still exist in actual applications: First, their thermal conductivity is relatively high, making it difficult to be used to cover some temperature-sensitive and easily deformed items; Second, when covering items, the fireproof fabric often needs to be pulled back and forth, and the mechanical properties of fiberglass are poor, resulting in a limited service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a composite fireproof fabric with good tensile strength and heat insulation performance, and solves the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0005] A composite fireproof fabric with good tensile strength and heat insulation performance includes a middle base fabric layer. Both sides of the middle base fabric layer are hot-pressed together with an outer base fabric layer through an adhesive, and a flame retardant coating is formed on the outer surface of the outer base fabric layer; wherein, the middle base fabric layer uses aerogel felt; the outer base fabric layer uses a fiberglass square cloth mixed with basalt fibers, and the mixed weight percentage of basalt fibers is 8-10%; the adhesive uses silicone epoxy resin.

[0006] Preferably, the thickness of the aerogel felt is 1.0-1.6 mm, the thickness of the fiberglass square cloth is 0.4-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the flame retardant coating is 0.15-0.3 mm.

[0007] Preferably, the coating of the flame retardant coating is composed of 40-60 parts of base material, 20-30 parts of flame retardant, 8-13 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of solvent, and 0.5-5 parts of dispersant by weight;

[0008] Among them, the base material uses epoxy resin and polyurethane, and their mass ratio is 1:(2.8-3); the filler uses carbon fiber and aluminum hydroxide, and their mass ratio is 1:(6-8); the flame retardant uses phosphonate compounds, specifically, dimethyl methylphosphonate or diethyl ethylphosphonate can be used; the solvent uses acetone; the dispersant uses sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0009] Preferably, the coating of the flame retardant coating is composed of 55 parts of base material, 28 parts of flame retardant, 10 parts of filler, 26 parts of solvent, and 3.5 parts of dispersant by weight.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of epoxy resin to polyurethane is 1:3, and the mass ratio of carbon fiber to aluminum hydroxide is 1:7.6.

[0011] Preferably, hot pressing is carried out using a flat vulcanizing machine, and the hot pressing conditions are: temperature 180 - 185 °C, pressure 4 - 5 MPa, and time 40 - 60 min.

[0012] The advantages of the present invention adopting the above structure are as follows:

[0013] 1. For this fireproof cloth, by arranging an aerogel felt between two layers of fiberglass square cloth, the heat insulation performance of the fireproof cloth can be significantly improved; by mixing basalt fibers in the fiberglass square cloth, the tensile strength of the fireproof cloth can be significantly improved. The combination of the three base cloths can overcome the defects of basalt fibers (expensive price and poor heat insulation), aerogel felt (low tensile strength), and fiberglass square cloth (low tensile strength and poor heat insulation) when used alone.

[0014] 2. For this fireproof cloth, by arranging a flame retardant coating outside the fiberglass square cloth, it helps to improve the properties such as temperature resistance and wear resistance of the fireproof cloth. Specifically, using epoxy resin as the base material can make the flame retardant coating firmly combined with the outer base cloth and further improve the temperature resistance of the fireproof cloth; using polyurethane can endow the fireproof cloth with good toughness and wear resistance, improving its service life; the compounding of the two overcomes the defects of poor toughness of epoxy resin and weak adsorption force of polyurethane. Using phosphate ester as the flame retardant can promote carbonization to form a protective layer, with excellent flame retardant effect and low volatility. Using aluminum hydroxide as the filler has excellent smoke suppression and flame retardant effects and low cost. By doping carbon fiber in it, the defects of low mechanical properties and poor temperature resistance of the former can be made up for. And using sodium dodecyl sulfate as the dispersant can better disperse carbon fiber and other components.

[0015] In this application, the flame retardant coating and the three - layer base cloth are combined together to jointly exert their excellent properties such as temperature resistance, heat insulation, tensile property, and flame retardancy. Detailed implementation mode

[0016] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the present invention will be elaborated in detail through specific implementation modes below.

[0017] 1. Preparation of fireproof cloth

[0018] (1) Example 1

[0019] The fireproof cloth of this embodiment includes a base cloth middle layer. Both sides of the base cloth middle layer are hot-pressed together with a base cloth outer layer through an adhesive. The hot-pressing conditions of the flat vulcanizing machine are: temperature 180 - 185 °C, pressure 4 - 5 MPa, and time 40 - 60 min; a flame retardant coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the base cloth outer layer; among them, the base cloth middle layer uses aerogel felt; the base cloth outer layer uses a fiberglass square cloth mixed with basalt fibers, and the mixed weight percentage of basalt fibers is 8%; the adhesive uses silicone epoxy resin. Specifically, the thickness of the aerogel felt is 1.6 mm, the thickness of the fiberglass square cloth is 0.6 mm, and the thickness of the flame retardant coating is 0.3 mm.

[0020] The coating of the flame retardant coating is composed of 60 parts of base material, 30 parts of flame retardant, 13 parts of filler, 30 parts of solvent, and 5 parts of dispersant mixed evenly by weight; among them, the base material uses epoxy resin and polyurethane, and their mass ratio is 1:3; the filler uses carbon fiber and aluminum hydroxide, and their mass ratio is 1:8; the flame retardant uses dimethyl methylphosphonate; the solvent uses acetone; the dispersant uses sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0021] (2) Embodiment 2

[0022] The fireproof cloth of this embodiment includes a base cloth middle layer. Both sides of the base cloth middle layer are hot-pressed together with a base cloth outer layer through an adhesive. The hot-pressing conditions of the flat vulcanizing machine are: temperature 180 - 185 °C, pressure 4 - 5 MPa, and time 40 - 60 min; a flame retardant coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the base cloth outer layer; among them, the base cloth middle layer uses aerogel felt; the base cloth outer layer uses a fiberglass square cloth mixed with basalt fibers, and the mixed weight percentage of basalt fibers is 9%; the adhesive uses silicone epoxy resin. Specifically, the thickness of the gel felt is 1.2 mm, the thickness of the fiberglass square cloth is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the flame retardant coating is 0.2 mm.

[0023] The coating of the flame retardant coating is composed of 55 parts of base material, 28 parts of flame retardant, 10 parts of filler, 26 parts of solvent, and 3.5 parts of dispersant mixed evenly by weight; among them, the base material uses epoxy resin and polyurethane, and their mass ratio is 1:2.8; the filler uses carbon fiber and aluminum hydroxide, and their mass ratio is 1:6; the flame retardant uses dimethyl methylphosphonate; the solvent uses acetone; the dispersant uses sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0024] (3) Embodiment 3

[0025] The fireproof cloth of this embodiment includes a middle layer of base cloth. The two sides of the middle layer of base cloth are respectively hot-pressed together with the outer layer of base cloth through an adhesive. The hot-pressing conditions of the flat vulcanizing machine are: temperature 180 - 185 °C, pressure 4 - 5 MPa, and time 40 - 60 min; a flame retardant coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the outer layer of base cloth; among them, the middle layer of base cloth uses aerogel felt; the outer layer of base cloth uses a fiberglass square cloth mixed with basalt fibers, and the mixed weight percentage of basalt fibers is 10%; the adhesive uses silicone epoxy resin. Specifically, the thickness of the aerogel felt is 1.0 mm, the thickness of the fiberglass square cloth is 0.4 mm, and the thickness of the flame retardant coating is 0.15 mm.

[0026] The coating of the flame retardant coating is composed of 40 parts of base material, 20 parts of flame retardant, 8 parts of filler, 20 parts of solvent, and 0.5 part of dispersant mixed evenly by weight; among them, the base material uses epoxy resin and polyurethane, and their mass ratio is 1:3; the filler uses carbon fiber and aluminum hydroxide, and their mass ratio is 1:7; the flame retardant uses diethyl ethylphosphonate; the solvent uses acetone; the dispersant uses sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0027] (4) Examples 4 - 8

[0028] The difference between the fireproof cloth of Example 4 and Example 2 is that the outer layer of base cloth does not have basalt fibers mixed in. The difference between the fireproof cloth of Example 5 and Example 2 is that both the outer layer and the middle layer of base cloth use fiberglass square cloth without basalt fibers mixed in.

[0029] The difference between the fireproof cloth of Example 6 and Example 2 is that in the flame retardant coating, the base material only uses epoxy resin. The difference between the fireproof cloth of Example 7 and Example 2 is that in the flame retardant coating, the base material only uses polyurethane. The difference between the fireproof cloth of Example 8 and Example 2 is that it does not contain carbon fiber.

[0030] 2. Performance test experiment

[0031] (1) The fireproof cloths of Examples 1 - 6 are evaluated for their flame retardant performance through the oxygen index test (ASTM D2863), for their heat insulation performance through the measurement of thermal conductivity (GB / T 10295), and for their tensile properties through the measurement of tensile strength (GB / T 7689.5). The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] As can be seen from Table 1, the fireproof fabrics of Examples 1-3 have excellent flame retardant properties, heat insulation properties, and tensile strength. By comparing Examples 4 and 5 with Example 2, it can be seen that mixing basalt fibers in the fiberglass square cloth can significantly improve its tensile strength. Using aerogel felt to replace the fiberglass square cloth also has a certain impact on the tensile strength. By comparing Examples 6 and 7 with Example 2, it can be seen that when the base material of the flame retardant coating is solely epoxy resin, it has a greater impact on its tensile strength, which may be due to the deterioration of toughness; while using polyurethane alone has a smaller impact on its tensile strength, which may be because although polyurethane itself has good toughness, the adsorption force between its flame retardant coating and the base cloth is weak, resulting in a certain degree of reduction in its tensile strength. By comparing Example 8 with Example 2, it can be seen that without doping carbon fibers, it has an impact on both the flame retardant performance and the tensile strength, because the addition of carbon fibers makes up for the defects of low mechanical properties and poor heat resistance of aluminum hydroxide.

[0035] In summary, the fireproof fabric of this application combines the flame retardant coating and the three-layer base cloth specifically, and can exhibit excellent properties such as heat resistance, heat insulation, tensile property, and flame retardancy.

[0036] The above specific implementation manners cannot be used as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art of the present technology, any alternative improvement or transformation made to the implementation manners of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Where the present invention is not described in detail, it is all well-known technology in the technical field of the present technology.

Claims

1. A composite fireproof cloth with good tensile and heat insulation properties, characterized in that: It comprises a base fabric middle layer, both sides of which are hot-pressed together with the base fabric outer layer by a binder, and a flame-retardant coating is formed on the outer surface of the base fabric outer layer; wherein the base fabric middle layer adopts aerogel felt; the base fabric outer layer adopts glass fiber woven cloth mixed with basalt fiber, and the weight percentage of the mixed basalt fiber is 8-10%; and the binder adopts silicone epoxy resin.

2. The composite fireproof cloth with good tensile and heat insulation properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the aerogel felt is 1.0-1.6 mm, the thickness of the glass fiber woven cloth is 0.4-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the flame retardant coating is 0.15-0.3 mm.

3. The composite fireproof cloth with excellent tensile and heat insulation properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant coating comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of a base material, 20-30 parts of a flame retardant, 8-13 parts of a filler, 20-30 parts of a solvent and 0.5-5 parts of a dispersant; The base material is epoxy resin and polyurethane, and the mass ratio is 1:(2.8-3); the filler is carbon fiber and aluminum hydroxide, and the mass ratio is 1:(6-8); the flame retardant is phosphonate compound; the solvent is acetone; and the dispersant is sodium dodecyl sulfate.

4. The tensile heat-resistant fireproof cloth for welding protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The paint of the flame retardant coating is composed of 55 parts of base material, 28 parts of flame retardant, 10 parts of filler, 26 parts of solvent and 3.5 parts of dispersant in parts by weight.

5. The tensile heat-resistant fireproof cloth for welding protection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of epoxy resin to polyurethane is 1:3, and the mass ratio of carbon fiber to aluminum hydroxide is 1:7.

6.

6. The tensile heat-resistant fireproof cloth for welding protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot pressing is carried out using a flat vulcanizing machine, and the hot pressing conditions are: temperature 180-185°C, pressure 4-5MPa, and time 40-60min.

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